Download - Surface Water
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Surface WaterSurface Water
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Stream StagesStream Stages
________:________: RapidsRapids WaterfallsWaterfalls Fast-moving waterFast-moving water Steep slopeSteep slope
_______:_______: Broad floodplainBroad floodplain MeandersMeanders Oxbow lakesOxbow lakes Meander ScarsMeander Scars
Youthful Old
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Important DefinitionsImportant Definitions
____________ – a stream and all its ____________ – a stream and all its tributariestributaries
________ – a smaller stream that empties ________ – a smaller stream that empties into a larger streaminto a larger stream
_________ – the land area drained by a _________ – the land area drained by a river systemriver system
______ – a high point that separates river ______ – a high point that separates river systemssystems
River System
Tributary
Watershed
Divide
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________ – the bends and curves ________ – the bends and curves of a streamof a stream
Meanders
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Oxbow lake
deposition
erosion
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____________ – deposit formed when a ____________ – deposit formed when a stream spreads out onto a less steep areastream spreads out onto a less steep areaAlluvial Fan
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_____ – where a stream empties _____ – where a stream empties into a larger body of waterinto a larger body of water
Delta
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____________ – when an old age stream ____________ – when an old age stream downcuts to “make it new again”downcuts to “make it new again”
Rejuvenation
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Stream LoadStream Load
A stream can carry its load in three A stream can carry its load in three different ways:different ways:
1.________ – material is dissolved 1.________ – material is dissolved 2.__________ – particles are held up by 2.__________ – particles are held up by
stream’s moving waterstream’s moving water 3._________ – material pushed or rolled 3._________ – material pushed or rolled
along the stream’s channelalong the stream’s channel
solution
suspension
bed load
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Stream DischargeStream Discharge
Discharge is the amount of water that Discharge is the amount of water that flows past a point in a certain amount of flows past a point in a certain amount of time.time.
Discharge is dependent upon velocity, Discharge is dependent upon velocity, depth, and width of the stream.depth, and width of the stream.
Discharge = _______ x _____ x _____Discharge = _______ x _____ x _____velocity depth width
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Surface Water Review
solution, suspension, bed load
land area drained by a river system
divide
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Surface Water Review (continued)
in the center
along the sides and bottom because of the friction with the channel
a bend or curve in the stream
Maximum on the outside of the meander and minimum on the inside
inside of meanders
channel