Download - Sustainable citizen engagement
Bil Datblygu Cynaliadwy Sustainable Development BillCyflwyniad rhyngweithiol ar y cynigion yn y ddogfen ymgynghori. An interactive presentation on the proposals in the consultation document.
Ymgynghori ar y Bil Datblygu Cynaliadwy
Cyd-destun y Polisi a’r Strategaeth The Policy and Strategy Context
twf economaidd cynaliadwy
gwaddol ddiwylliannol
ecosystemau a natur iach
adfywio er lles ein cymunedau
menter
gwireddu’r potensialbywyd iachcyfiawnder a chydraddoldeb
cymdeithasol i bawb Hunaniaeth: lleol a Chymreig
Cymuned gref a chreadigol
cyfrifoldeb
tirwedd
gwneud y gorau o’r cyfalaf deallusol a naturiol
sustainable economic growth
cultural legacy
healthy ecosystems & wildlife
regeneration that serves our communities
enterprise
fulfilling potentialhealthy lifesocial justice and equality for all
identity: local, Welsh - Cymreig
creative & strong community
responsibility
landscape
maximising intellectual & natural capital
Better, joined up,long-term outcomes
Economic issues
Social issues
Environmental issues
Stakeholder views
Amcanion DC
Hybu lles
Hybu cyfiawnder a chydraddoldeb cymdeithasol
Parchu terfynau amgylcheddol
Cryfhau’r waddol ddiwylliannol
Galluogi pobl i fyw’n iach
Hybu economi fyrlymus
Cydnabod buddiannau’r cenedlaethau i ddod
Cael pobl i gymryd rhan yn y penderfyniadau sy’n effeithio ar eu bywydau
SD Objectives
Enhancement of wellbeing
Promotion of social justice & equality
Respect for environmental limits
Strengthened cultural legacy
Healthy living
a vibrant economy
Recognition of interests of future generations
Involvement of people in decisions that affect their lives
A Sustainable WalesBetter Choices for a Better Future
Programme for Government
00
“This is our Welsh account of sustainable development: an emphasis on social, economic and environmental well-being for people and communities, embodying our values of fairness and social justice.”
“All our policies and programmes will reflect this commitment to sustainability and fairness so that we make sustainable development our central organising principle”
Key Requirements
05
► To support the embedding of SD into the strategic decision
making processes of the public sector.
► To empower and drive positive change.
► To avoid adding layers of additional bureaucracy and cost and
becoming a tick box exercise.
► To avoid stifling innovation and removing the flexibility from
organisations to reach the sustainable solutions that are best for
their circumstances.
► To ensure that SD will have a practical effect and not simply a
set of high level principles
Proposals for a stronger governance framework
05
►An embedded and strengthened framework
►A focus on Support
►Robust Accountability
►Phased Implementation
Sustainable Development Framework
02
Aim (the what)
Purpose (the why)
Methodology (the how)
Best Future for Wales
experience with s79, independent reports, international experience etc
Sustainable Development
Existing measures(more to come)
EncourageProposed SD Bill
SD Annual Report
EnableSD Charter network
SD Framework for LG
SD component of WG business support
Sustainable Futures practitioners network
ExemplifyPolitical consensus on SD
Consistency across policies
Commissioner for SF
EngageWales Sustainability Week
SD research and segmentation
Cynnal Cymru; and Green List
SD Advocates
Eco Schools programme
Ymgynghori ar y Bil Datblygu Cynaliadwy Llywodraeth Cymru
Wrth eich byrddau On your tables
Meddwl am yr hyn sydd wedi’i ddweud
Reflect on what’s been said
What are the opportunities for engagement and participation from the Bill?
Contemporary challenges
Some relevant areas
Education/skills
Parenting
Post-16 participation
Adult literacy
Life skills (cooking etc)
Volunteering
Health
Teenage pregnancy
Drugs, alcohol, tobacco
Obesity
Keeping appointments
Organ donation
Prosperity
Service culture
Active job seeking
Entrepreneurship
Personal aspiration
Diversity
Environment
Transport choices
Energy efficiency
Reduce, reuse, recycle
Consumption choices
Fly-tipping
Community
Crime prevention
Anti-social behaviour
Terrorism
Social mobility
Litter / graffiti
Care / ageing
Self-care
Pension provision
Mental health
Active ageing
End-of-life choices
Encourage
Enable
Engage
Exemplify
Catalyse
1. The 4-E approach to behaviour changeTaxes & fiscal measures
Regulation & finesLeague tables
Targets / perf managementPrizes / rewards / bonuses
Preferential treatment Status recognition
Subsidies / discountsFeedback
Remove barriers to actSet defaults / opt-out vs opt-in
Form clubs / communitiesProvide information
Choose intervention timingPersonalise
Provide space / facilitiesBuild confidence
Ease/cost of access
Community/network actionDeliberative fora
Segmentation / focusSecure commitmentPersonal contacts
Role models / 'super-users'Paid/unpaid media campaignsPester power / Peer pressure
Workplace norms
Evidence baseWalk the talk & lead
Consistency across policiesSustained approach
Credibility / confidenceBenchmarking / evaluationLearning & improvement
Political consensus building
Encourage
Enable
Engage
Exemplify
Catalyse
Smoking and behaviour change
High excise taxesBan marketing practices
Address smuggling
(nb. Personal incentives)
NHS 'stop smoking' treatmentSmoke-free policies
Quit-linesPharmaceutical deregulation
Social marketing campaignsMore graphic warnings
Major news media assaultConstant revisiting evidence
“Denormalisation”
Smoke-free policiesClear messages from NHS
Consistent packageClear goals
Commercial arguments
A cigarette for the beginner is a symbolic act. I am no longer my mother’s child,
I’m tough, I am an adventurer, I’m not
square...
...as the force of the psychological symbolism
subsides, the pharmacological effects take over to sustain the
habit
But others forces are at work...
Dunn W. Vice President for Research and Development, Philip Norris. Why one smokes. 1968 Minnesota Trial Exhibit 3681.
Encourage
Enable
Engage
Exemplify
Catalyse
Smoking: from the dark side
AdvertisingRole models
Adult product definitionDuty Free
Orchestrating smugglingLightsFilters
Wide availabilityFighting smoke-free places
Aspirational sell to poor Coupons and catalogues
Coaching argumentsDistracting PRBogus science
Product placement in filmsSponsorshipNormalisation
Encourage
Enable
Engage
Exemplify
Catalyse
The SD Bill and behaviour changeBudget Setting
Grants & Grant in AidSponsorshipProcurementLegislation
League tables & element of competition
Status recogition
Evidence collectionPolicy process
Capacity buildingNetworks
InformationGood practice &
Knowledge sharing
Know your stakeholders and audiences - segmentation
NarrativesBuy-in
Workplace normsContinuous
Evidence baseConsistency
Honest Celebrate success
Evaluation & continuous improvement
Ymgynghori ar y Bil Datblygu Cynaliadwy Llywodraeth Cymru
Wrth eich byrddau On your tables
• Identify your group challenge – SD Bill focused
• How will this effect your organisation?
• Consider the Engage box: what could you add to the Engage menu that would help drive the action you’re trying to promote?
• Feed back your most important learning point
Think of people as ‘human’
2. Understand human behaviourRational
all-knowing individualised
long-term utility
maximisation
MINDSPACE
MINDSPACE
Messenger: We are influenced by who communicates information
Incentives: Our responses are shaped by biases and shortcuts
Norms: We tend to do what those around us are already doing
Defaults: We ‘go with the flow’ of pre-set options
MINDSPACE
Salience: Our attention is drawn to what is novel and seems relevant to us
Priming: Our acts are often influenced by sub-conscious cues
Affect: Emotional associations can powerfully shape our actions
Commitment: We seek to be consistent with our public promises, and reciprocate acts
Ego: We act in ways that make us feel better about ourselves
The Science of Persuasion
6 weapons of influence
1.Reciprocation: You did something for me and now I owe you
2.Consistency: One thing I do or think leads to another
3.Social proof: 9 out of 10 cats prefer...
4.Liking: I will buy Tupperware from you because I like you
5.Authority: More doctors smoke Lucky Strike
6.Scarcity: Get it now, or I’ll be sorry when it’s gone
Robert Cialdini, The science of persuasion, Scientific American, 284, 76-81.
Some “biases” in real behaviour
• Loss aversion
• Recency
• Peak experience
• Herding
• Heuristics
• Omission
• Habit
• Confirmation
• Hyperbolic discounting
It's illogical Captain...
List of cognitive human “biases”Behaviour & Decision-making
Probability & belief Social
Bandwagon effectBase rate fallacyBias blind spotChoice-supportive biasConfirmation biasCongruence biasContrast effectDéformation professionnelleDenomination effectDistinction biasEndowment effectExperimenter's Extraordinarity biasFocusing effectFramingHyperbolic discountingIllusion of controlImpact biasInformation biasInterloper effectIrrational escalationJust-world phenomenonLoss aversionMere exposure effectMoney illusionMoral credential effectNeed for ClosureNegativity biasNeglect of probabilityNormalcy biasNot Invented HereOmission biasOutcome biasPlanning fallacyPost-purchase rationalizationPseudocertainty effectReactanceRestraint biasSelective perceptionSemmelweis reflexStatus quo biasVon Restorff effectWishful thinkingZero-risk bias
Ambiguity effectAnchoring effectAttentional biasAuthority biasAvailability heuristicAvailability cascadeBelief biasClustering illusionCapability biasConjunction fallacyDisposition effectGambler's fallacyHawthorne effectHindsight biasIllusory correlationLudic fallacyNeglect of prior base rates effectObserver-expectancy effectOptimism biasOstrich effectOverconfidence effectPositive outcome biasPareidoliaPrimacy effectRecency effectDisregard of regression toward the mean.Selection biasStereotypingSubadditivity effectSubjective validationTelescoping effectTexas sharpshooter fallacyWell travelled road effectConsistency biasCryptomnesiaEgocentric biasFalse memoryHindsight biasReminiscence bumpRosy retrospectionSelf-serving biasSuggestibility
Actor-observer biasEgocentric biasForer effectFalse consensus effectFundamental attribution errorHalo effectHerd instinctIllusion of asymmetric insightIllusion of transparencyIllusory superiorityIngroup biasJust-world phenomenonNotational biasOutgroup homogeneity biasProjection biasSelf-serving biasSelf-fulfilling prophecySystem justificationTrait ascription biasUltimate attribution error
For more information Wikipedia search:
“List of cognitive biases”
Understand the population
Be careful with the relationship between citizen and state
4: Establish the case for intervention
“The only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilised community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others. His own good, either physical or moral, is not a sufficient warrant”.
But… Children? Addiction? Influence of background? Mental illness? Collective costs? Regret...?
From soft paternalism to regulation
Health impacts
Unregulated addiction
Hooking kids
Passive smoking - public
Passive smoking - workers
Private impacts
Public (external) impacts
Adopt a learning approach
4+2 Es approach to behaviour change
Encourage
Enable
Engage
Exemplify
CatalyseExplore Evaluate
Summary
1. Four-E behaviour-change modelEncourageEnableEngageExemplify
2. Understand real behaviour
3. Segment and personalise
4. Judge public acceptability (which changes)
5. Experiment and evaluate
Reading up...
Thaler & Sustein Mark Earls Robert Cialdini Dan Ariely
Reading up...
Government communications
Government Social Research
Institute for Government
& Cabinet Office
Cabinet Office
Ymgynghori ar y Bil Datblygu Cynaliadwy Llywodraeth Cymru
Wrth eich byrddau On your tables
• Identify your group challenge
• Quickly jot down the existing elements under the 4 Es headings
• Consider the Engage box: what could you add from the Engage menu that would help drive the action you’re trying to promote?
• Feed back your most important learning point
• 15/16 Ionawr Caerfyrddin
• 29/30 Ionawr Cyffordd
Llandudno
• 5/6 Chwefror Caerdydd
• 12/13 Chwefror Llandrindod
Daw’r ymgynghoriad i ben ar 4
Mawrth
Ebost / Email:
Ymgynghori ar y Bil Datblygu Cynaliadwy Llywodraeth Cymru
Digwyddiadau ymgynghori
Consultation events • 15/16 January Carmarthen
• 29/30 January Llandudno
Junction
• 5/6 February Cardiff
• 12/13 February Llandrindod
Wells
Consultation closes 18 July
Y Bil Datblygu Cynaliadwy
Sustainable Development Bill
Diolch – Thank you
Ymgynghori ar y Bil Datblygu Cynaliadwy
Diolch yn fawr!