Transcript
Page 1: Taking Photos Composing a picture Working with light Custom Settings Auto Settings

Taking Photos

Composing a picture

Working with light

Custom Settings

Auto Settings

Page 2: Taking Photos Composing a picture Working with light Custom Settings Auto Settings

Questions to consider…

• What is the purpose of taking personal (non-business) photos?

• What qualities makes a good photo?

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Composing a Picture

• Take time to compose each photo as a work of art. Frame the content in a manner that focuses attention on the subject, and omits unnecessary distractions. Be creative!

www.kodak.com – “tips/advanced”

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Focus, Zoom, Focal Point• Photographic lenses have varying focal points;

distances at which they are able to focus.– Normal Lense: have a "natural" perspective, focal

point of 28 mm - 35 mm– Wide Angle Lense: focal point of 24, 21, 18 and 14

mm– Telephoto Lens; Focal point of 35 mm - 1700 mm

• In digital cameras…– optical zoom provides a range of lens options from

wide angle to telephoto – Autofocus fine tunes the focal point

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photographic_lens

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Focus_%28optics%29

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Consider Lighting

• Light direction has a big impact!

Sunlight on the lens creates a flare, which can be a nice effect, but is often undesirable. Shading the lens solves the problem.

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Histograms• A histogram shows which parts of the

light spectrum are used in a photo.

•http://www.luminous-landscape.com/tutorials/understanding-series/understanding-histograms.shtml•http://www.photoxels.com/tutorial_histogram.html

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Fill Flash• Use a flash

outdoors to brighten backlit objects, or make your foreground objects stand out.

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Indoor Flash

• Indoor flash is too bright for close-ups and produces harsh shadows. Use natural light whenever possible.

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Types of Light

• Different types of light effect the color quality of photos.

• White balance setting is used to compensate.

• Cameras often include settings to automatically correct lighting problems.– daylight, cloudy, tungsten,

fluorescent, flash– Some cameras allow you to custom

set the white balance by focusing on a white surface.

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Exposure

• The quantity of light allowed to act on the photographic material in the camera.

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Petronas Twin Towers in Malaysia http://www.mir.com.my/rb/photography/fototech/apershutter/

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Exposure = Shutter Speed + Aperture Size

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Shutter Speed• Shutter speed refers to

the amount of time the lens shutter remains open during the photo.

• A fast shutter speed will freeze the subject and a slow shutter speed will make it look blurred as the subject moves.

http://www.ephotozine.com/techniques/viewtechnique.cfm?recid=248

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Slow Shutter

http://digital-photography-school.com/blog/mastering-panning-to-photograph-moving-subjects/

Panning w/subject

Hold very still - or use a tripod

http://www.pbase.com/carcinomad/photo_class

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http://www.f1point4.com/f1point4/slow_shutter_speed/index.html

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FastShudder

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Aperture

• The aperture is the lens diaphragm opening inside a photographic lens.

• The aperture size can be adjusted to regulates the amount of light that passes through the lens.

• The aperture size is adjusted in discrete steps, known as f-stops (f for focal)

• The larger the value the smaller the lens aperture, the less light intensity.

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Depth of Field

• Depth of field is the amount of distance between the nearest and farthest objects that appear in acceptably sharp focus in a photograph.

• A few factors may have a direct relationship with depth of field, they are: 1) the Aperture, 2) the focal length of the lens in use, and 3) image size.

This photo has a shallow depth of field (only the foreground is in focus) and was taken using a larger

lens aperture – a low f number.

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Depth of Field

These photos have a deep depth of field (the foreground and background are in focus) and were taken using a small lens aperture - high f number.

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F-numbers

• Use larger aperture (smaller number like f/2.8, f/2.0 etc.) with a long focal length to isolate or emphasize the subject.

• Use a smaller aperture (bigger number like f/16 or f/22 etc.) to ensure pin-sharp details in both the foreground and the background.

• Depth of field increases with f-number!!

f/22f/2.8

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Shutter Speed + Aperture• Since both shutter speed and aperture size effect the amount

of light, they can be balanced one against the other to provide consistent light, and a wide variety of effects.

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Auto Settings

• Most digital cameras make it easy on us by providing a number of preset effects.

• Even “Kids & Pets”, “Foliage”, “Snow”, “Beach” “Fireworks”, “Aquarium”, and “Underwater”

AUTOP : Program Tv : Shutter Speed PriorityAv : Aperture PriorityM : Manual Exposure

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Review• Photo Composition• Focal Point• Light Effects• Histogram• White Balance• Exposure• Shutter Speed• Aperture • Depth of Field

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Taking Good Photos

• Tips from Kodak– www.kodak.com (look for “tips”)

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Editing Photos

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Photo-editing Software

• Photo-editing software, like Photoshop, allows you improve digital photos, and create interesting effects:– Resize and crop images– Cut and paste portions of one image on

another– Adjust brightness, contrast, hue, and

saturation– Apply special effects

Demo Photoshop

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Brightness/Contrast

• Brightness adjustments increases intensity evenly across the RGB spectrum.

• Contrast adjustments make dark colors darker and light colors lighter.

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Hue /Saturation

• Hue settings apply color filters to a photo to move color settings up or down the color spectrum.

• Saturation settings increase or decrease the intensity of all colors in the photo.

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Cut & Paste

• Using the lasso tool, objects in a photo can be selected and copied. Once copied they can be pasted into other photos to create interesting effects, or “faked” photos.


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