Download - Task 3 Worksheet
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Task 3: Calculating round-by-round multiplier effects
2007 SAM for Ghana with 2 sectors
Units: Millions of old Ghanaian Cedis (current prices)
Factors
aagr anagr cagr cnagr fac hhd gov s-iaagr 7,070
anagr 17,926
cagr 606 957 4,226
cnagr 1,913 8,554 7,916 1,805 4,680
fac 4,551 8,416
hhd 12,967 1,387
gov 160 2,212 940
s-i 3,272 860
row 575 7,864
total 7,070 17,926 7,805 28,002 12,967 16,354 4,052 4,680
Input-output (IO) coefficients
Calculate the intermediate inputs required per unit of activity output
aagr anagr
cagr
cnagr 0.48
Round-by-round backward production linkage effects
Calculate 3 rounds of impacts from a 10 billion cedis increase (shock) in agricultural production
SHOCK ROUND 1 ROUND 2 ROUND 3
agr
agr 0.01
nagr
agr
0.86
agr
nagr
nagr
agr 0.11
Activities Commodities Other accounts
Activities
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10
agr
agr
0.14 nagr
nagr
2.71
agr
nagr
nagr
0.62
Q1: What was the size of the shock's direct impact on agricultural production?
A1: billion cedis
Q2: What was the increase in agricultural production during Round 1?
A2: billion cedis
Q3: What was the increase in agricultural production during Round 2?
A3: billion cedis
Q4: What was the increase in agricultural production during Round 3?
A4: billion cedis
Q5: What is the total increase in agricultural production after 3 rounds?
A5: billion cedis
Q6: What is the total increase in nonagricultural production after 3 rounds?
A6: billion cedis
Q7: What was the overall size of the indirect multiplier effect after 3 rounds?
A7: billion cedis
Q8: What was the overall impact of the shock after 3 rounds?
A8: billion cedis
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row total SAM legend7,070 aagr Activity - agriculture
17,926 anagr Activity - nonagriculture
2,016 7,805 cagr Commodity - agriculture
3,134 28,002 cnagr Commodity - nonagriculture
12,967 fac Factors - labor and capital
2,001 16,354 hhd Households - rural and urban
739 4,052 gov Government
548 4,680 s-i Saving/investment
8,439 row Rest of the world
8,439 total Column and row total
IMPORTANT:
Remember that we are only calculating backward production linkages in this Task.
This is the additional intermediate demand generated when a sector expands production
1. Calculate the first round effects by multiplying the direct increase in agricultural producti
by the respective IO coefficient for agriculture and nonagricultural intermediate inputs
2. Use the increase in production from the first round to calculate the increase in productio
in the second round.
3. Make sure that your results are the same as the values in blue next to the cell entries.
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4. Complete this flow-chart by linking previous round results to the coefficients in the IO tab
Do not just paste results into the cells
5. You should use cell references or links when answering the questions in red below.
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