The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
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Technical Advisor’s Floating Offshore Wind
Overview and Key focus Points
06 June 2019 - Paris
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
About the firm Our guiding principles. . .
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The Renewables Consulting Group
• Founded in early 2015 in London and New York.
• We are a specialized expert services firm, focused solely on the global renewable energy industry.
• We support mainstream and emerging energy technologies serving the organisations leading the transition to a low carbon economy.
• 50+ expert staff across 9 global locations.
• Unique value proposition combining strategy consulting with technical advisory.
• Our success is based on building relationships and client results – over 90% of our business comes from repeat client engagement.
15 yrsAverage staff
industry experience
92%Repeat client
engagement rate
65%Staff with advanced
level degrees
48%Civil, electrical or
mechanical engineers
52%Natural sciences, MBA,
economics, law
Respect & Diversity Investing in the Future Practical Approach to Excellence
Clients First Integrity & Confidentiality Teamwork & Passion
• Put clients’ interests first.
• Committed to delivering the
highest quality support.
• Model professionalism in every
assignment.
• Trust is important to us.
• Interacting honestly, ethically,
safeguarding clients’ confidential
information.
• Building productive relationships
that endure.
• Operating as one team, built on
shared principles.
• A passion to out-perform.
• Harnessing our collective energy
to deliver outstanding work.
• True innovation comes from
people at every level.
• Wide range of backgrounds.
• Treat everyone as worthy of our
attention and respect.
• We provide solutions needed for
transition to a low carbon future.
• We invest in growth and talent.
• Aim to create the next generation
of experts.
• Sleeves-rolled-up approach to
getting the job done.
• We get to know our clients and the
task.
• Our experts provide straightforward
advice to deliver the best solution.
Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar 2
Main office locations
Taipei
New York
GlasgowLondon
San Francisco Tokyo
London
Gilmoora House
57-61 Mortimer St.
Fitzrovia
London, W1W 8HS
UK
Amsterdam
Gustav Mahlerplein 2
1082 MA
Amsterdam
The Netherlands
New York
433 Broadway
6th Floor
New York
NY 10013
USA
Glasgow
Inovo
121 George Street
Glasgow
G1 1RD
Scotland
Taipei
Hsin Ji Centre
18F, No,460. Sec. 4,Xinyi
Rd., Xinyi Rd Dist,
11052 Taipei,
Taiwan
AmsterdamDublin
San Francisco
595 Pacific Ave F4
San Francisco
CA 94133
USA
Barcelona
Avenida Diagonal 640, 6ta
planta,
08017 Barcelona
Spain
Barcelona
Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
Solar
Emerging Energy
Technologies
Wind
(Onshore & Offshore)
We come from the industries we serve, and understand the issues and opportunities unique to renewable energy projects
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Wave & Tidal
Energy Storage
High Altitude Wind
Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
Our value proposition integrates market intelligence, management consulting and technical advisory services
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ThinkMarket
Intelligence
ThinkManagement
Consulting
ThinkTechnical
Advisory
1 2 3
Data Services
Market Analysis
Modelling and Forecasting
Corporate Strategy / Go-to-market
Custom Research
Public Affairs
Development Services
Independent Engineering
Due Diligence
Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
RCG Technical Advisory
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Best in class technical advisors = Great Experience
•40+ years LTA experience (Led 15+ and involved in 25+ project finance transactions).
•Involved in tens of M&A transactions.
•Pre-FC transaction / Operational Portfolios / Refinancing.
Unique development expertise
•Perfect fit for green field transactions (state of the art).
•Executive focus.
Multi-asset knowledge
•Offshore wind
•Onshore wind
•Solar PV
Bankability Firsts
•New Technologies (WTGs, foundations, substations…)
•New Strategies (O&M,…)
•New Suppliers
Bank grade Energy Yield capabilities
•Wind (onshore and offshore) and Solar PV
•Layout optimisation.
•Pre-construction and Operational Yield
Mostly senior staff
“Been there, done that”
Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
Floating Offshore Wind
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Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
Image: Equinor
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
Flashback Offshore (fixed bottom) Wind Origins
Onshore Wind
Oil and Gas
Marine
Fixed Bottom
Offshore Wind
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• WTG Technology
• Electrical
infrastructure
• Consenting work
Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
• Marine Design
• Site conditions (climate
and geotechnical)
• Materials performance
• Marine operations
• Materials performance
• H&S culture
• Manufacturing
processes (welding,
installation vessels…)
• Facilities
• Materials performance
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
Where does FOW Come From?Déjà Vu
Fixed Bottom
Offshore Wind
Oil and Gas
MarineFloating Offshore
Wind
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• Supply Chain
• Site conditions
(climate and
geotech)
• WTG Technology
• Electrical
infrastructure
• Consenting work
Δ Offshore fixed bottom
to FOW
<Δ Onshore to
Offshore fixed bottom
Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
• Floating particularities
o Site conditions
o Materials
performance
o Marine operations
• Design (Hull, stability,
…)
• Facilities
• Materials performance
FOW is not
Reinventing
the Wheel
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
Fixed Bottom Offshore Wind & O&G Legacy
» Fixed-bottom offshore wind:
– Many different items are directly transferable.
– All similarities apply to the different types of FOWsubstructures.
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Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
Electrical BoP
~WTGWind Resource
Soilinvestigations
Wave climates
Main export cable+ burial methods
Onshore infrastructure
Consenting
O&M Access
» O&G:
– Floating design transferable.
– First floater: 1975 (circa 35 years track record).
– ~100 units installed worldwide.
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
Floating Offshore Wind Foundations – Sub-elements
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Rotor Nacelle
Assembly (RNA)
Tower
SubstructureFoundation
Mooring Lines
Anchors
Image: NREL
Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
Types of FOW foundations
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Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
Image: WindEurope
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
Snapshot on Key Naval Architecture Terms
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Floater Movements Floater Stability
GM is function of:
»The second moment of area of the waterplane.
»The volume of displacement in metres.
In general, to ensure stability:
»CG close to CB.
»Large waterplane area away from centre.
Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
Images: TUMST
Image: Kim and Tram, 2015
Images: Barrett, 2019
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
Types of FOW Foundations - Particularities
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Spar BuoyFloater / Semisubmersible
(and Barge)
Tension Leg
Platform (TLP)
Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
Image: NREL
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
Comparison of FOW Types
» 30+ Concepts
developed through
tank testing.
» No “one fits all
approach” as with
fixed bottom, but
increased flexibility
with each concept.
» Site-specific
selection required.
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The table above provides an overview of the characteristics of different foundation types, taking a concept-level view (and acknowledging that
specific concepts may score differently under each category). Additional details can be discussed/disclosed upon request.
Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
Metric Spar Semi-Sub TLP
Description Weight-buoyancy
stabilized structure
with large draft
Free-surface stabilized
structure with shallow
draft
Tension restrained
structure with
relatively shallow draft
Stability in operations and motions
Structural Material Weight
Fabrication complexity
Seabed Footprint
Sensitivity to soil conditions
Mooring and anchor requirements
Assembly Constraints
Transport and Installation Constraints
Transport Complexity
Stability During Installation
G A G
A R G
A R A
R R G
G G R
G A R
A G G
R G G
G G A
G G R
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
Key Focus AreasParticularities of FOW vs FbOW
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Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
Criteria- Low concern items (Green)- Medium concern items (Amber)- High concern items (Red)- Benefits/Upsides (Blue)Note that a concern (or focus area) becomes a risk if it is not properly mitigated following a detailed technical DD
OSS Foundation Design
WTG Controller(WTG tower design)Measurement
campaign with Floating LiDAR
Soilinvestigations
Wind & wave interaction becomes key
Dynamic IAC(+Wet Storage)
Sub-sea Consenting
Access/Egress(12 DOF)
Floater Design (IP)
Mooring and Anchor Design & reliability
WTG and Foundation coupled design
Benefits vs FbOW:- Standardisation- Serial Fabrication- No need for JUV
Re-shuffle installation processFloat between activitiesKnock-on impacts
Dynamic EC
Additional Challenges:
Major component O&M(individual and array approach)
Plug & Play- Fabrication facilities constraints.
- Understanding of Wakes.- Additional yield losses (e.g.
mooring line failures)
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
New Design Challenges
» Similar loading, but:
– Floating environment – Buoyancy!
– Interaction Substructure – WTG – Moorings
• Watch out for “WTG Agnostic concepts”
– Optimisation from Demo to Commercial
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Hywind Demo with the floater motion
controller (Cruz and Atcheson, 2016)
Hywind: Scale from demo
to pre-series (Equinor)
Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
Image: NREL
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
New Electrical Designs
» Similar power export demands as fixed bottom offshore wind, but:
– Dynamic cable designs against Extreme & Fatigue loading
• Array Cables.
• Export Cables (limited market!)
– Cable Connections (plug & play)
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Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
MacArtney 11 kV amp "wet mate" connector
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
Fabrication & Optimisation
» Sites – Potential bottleneck!
– All solutions can leverage from the O&G and naval supply chain.
– Partial leverage from existing fixed-bottom offshore wind supply chain.
» Optimisation
– Potential reduction ofconservatisms from O&Grobustness (risk is lower from environmental and human point of view).
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Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
Image: Equinor Image: Equinor Image: Principle Power
Image: Equinor Image: EquinorImage: MacGregor
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
Image: Equinor
Mooring & Anchoring
Power Cables
Installation / Marine Operations
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Assembly Transport Hook-up Ballasting Commissioning
Metric Spar Semi-Sub TLP
Onshore Assembly & Harbor Constraints - Draft
Onshore Assembly & Harbor Constraints - Space
Foundation Transport and Installation
Cable installation
Hook-up Complexity
R A A
A R A
A G A
A A A
A A A
General challenges:
• Payment milestones vs
PCR
• Cable (& Grid)
installation ahead of
foundation installation
• Safe heavens during
transport and
installation are likely to
be scarce.
Foundation
+
RNA
Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
Commercial Considerations
» New baseline from fixed bottom industry standard contract terms:
– Liquidated Damages.
– Liabilities caps.
– Warranties
• Defect Notification Periods: Extension?
• WTG: Power Performance (particularly with controller changes)
» Deeper focus on:
– Interfaces.
– Scope
– Test on completion
– Inspection and quality assurance
– Termination (considering IP)
» Potential new risk mitigation strategies:
– Risk-sharing mechanisms with designer (as in FbOW)
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EPCI
• Risk wrap
• Limited contractors
Multi-contracting
• Control over suppliers.
• Limited supply chain
Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
O&M for Major Components
» Major (usually heavy) components repairs or exchanges, including WTG elements such as
blades, main bearings, generators, yaw and pitch systems…, involve complex lifting operations.
» Fixed Bottom Offshore Wind [Fixed to Fixed]
» Floating Offshore Wind [Floating to Floating = 12 DoF]
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Failure identification
Planning & mobilisation
Hook-down & de-ballasting
Transport to harbor
RepairTransport to
SiteHook-up & ballasting
Re-commissioning
Failure identification
Planning & mobilisation
RepairRe-
commissioning
Main challenges
• WTG Downtime & availability losses.
• Warranties
• Plug & Play cable connectors
• Array connections should a WTG be removed
Detailed Cost-Benefits analysis need to be run to
quantify best O&M strategy.
Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
Image: Ziton
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
FOW Market Potential
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Likely Markets
Island Communities
Other
Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
Images: NASA, NREL, WorldMapsOnline
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
FOW Footprint & Track Record
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= Potential key
market in the 2020s
Demo Site
Pre-Series Site
Proposed Commercial Site
Operational Experience:
» Hywind Scotland (Equinor):
– Hurricane Ophelia (Oct-17): wind speed of 125 km/h.
– Storm Caroline (Dec-17): wind gusts > 160 km/h and waves > of 8,2 m.
» Windfloat Demo (Principle Power)
– Survived waves > 17m
» Track Record:
– 15 floaters currently in the water (and 1 decommissioned).
– 1 pre-commercial site installed (5 units)
– 5 pre-commercial projects being built/developed
Types of FOW Concepts Key Focus Areas MarketFOW OriginsIntroduction to RCG
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
Key Take-Away Points
» FOW is NOT reinventing the wheel
– But challenges need to be well understood.
» Focus on FOW specific issues is required as part of the technical DD.
– Concern / Focus areas only mean risks if they are not properly mitigated.
» High potential for larger WTGs.
» Decoupled from seabed
– Potential standardisation and serial fabrication.
» FOW opens high wind resource areas in deep water but close to shore.
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The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar
Market leading insights, reports and publications for the global renewable energy sector
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@thinkRCGby The Renewables Consulting Group
» Latest thought leadership, insights and
events published on RCG website
» Staying connected with our clients
through Twitter, LinkedIn, YouTube
etc.
» Heavy focus on development of new
tools, products and IP.
The Renewables Consulting Group Floating Offshore Wind Seminar 26
Contact Information
Dan Pearson
Managing Director, Head of EMEA
Mobile +44 7785 235 741
Marc Costa-Ros
Associate Director
Mobile +34 617 61 93 04