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The Ancient Greeks
Chapter 9.1
The Rise of the Greek Civilization
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Ancient Greece 9.4
Gods & oddesses
Thinke s
Myths, pics, & fables
D mocracy
ity-states
Archit cture
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Where in the World is Greece?
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Ancient Greece
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• What type of topography did Ancient Greece have?
• What type of jobs did they have?
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• What type of foods do you think they ate?
• What type of crops did they grow?
• What type of animals did they domesticate?
• What type of climate did the ancient Greeks enjoy?
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Greek Empire
• What civilizations that we have covered, were included in the Greek Empire?
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Greece Today
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Mountains and Seas
• Greece was the first civilization to develop in Europe and the western part of Asia.
• Greeks settled in an area dominated by mountains and seas
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Balkan Peninsula
• Greece is located on the Balkan Peninsula
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Greece is located in the Mediterranean and Aegean Seas
• Aegean Sea
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Mediterranean Sea
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Islands of the Aegean Sea
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An Island Civilization
• Greek myths describe an early civilization on an island called Crete– Civilization was called the Minoans
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Minoans- 2500BC to 1450 BC
• Built palace at Knossos
• 1st to develop in Aegean region
• NOT GREEKS
• Trade was important economic activity
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Minoan
• Minoan civilization collapsed– Reasons
• Earthquakes• Invaded by Mycenaeans
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Mycenaeans
• Mycenaeans moved into mainland Greece
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Mycenaean Kingdom
• Mycenean king lived in a palace on a hill
• Protected by walls
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Traders and Warriors
• Mycenaeans conquered Minoans
• Controlled trade in Aegean
• Mycenaeans were proud of military successes in Trojan War
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A Dark Age
• Mycenaean kingdoms fought
• Earthquakes destroyed their fortresses
• Mycenaean civilization crumbled
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The Hellenes
• Hellenes or Greeks– Lived on Greek mainland– Adopted an alphabet from Phoenician traders
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Colonies and Trade
• Greeks established colonies– A colony is a settlement in a new territory that
has close ties to its homeland
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The Greek City-State
• City-state was made up of a town or city and the surrounding area
• Each city-state or polis was like an independent country
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What Did a Polis Look Like?
• Fort on hilltop
• The hilltop was called an acropolis
• Agora or marketplace
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What Did Citizenship Mean to the Greeks?
• Male citizens had the right to vote, hold office, own property, and defend themselves in court
• Only free, land-owning men born in the polis could be citizens
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Citizen Soldiers
• Wars were fought by wealthy nobles riding horses and driving chariots
• Citizens called hoplites made up city-state armies
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Hoplites
• Fought on foot
• Heavily armed
• Carried a round shield, sword, and spear
• Fought in a formation called a phalanx