CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved2#ATM15 |
WLAN Design, Configuration and Troubleshooting
Tips by TAC
@ArubaNetworks
3 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
• Segmental Troubleshooting
• AP Stability and System profile Optimization
• Optimize load on processes
• Datapath Debugging
• Deployment Tips
Aruba OS
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Transition Content
#1
Segmental Troubleshooting
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Transition Content
Segmental Troubleshooting
Segmental Troubleshooting gains.
# Faster root cause analysis.
# One time Data Collection
# Bring focus on the smallest segment in the network within our control.
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Transition Content
Segmental Troubleshooting
Where do we start if we are unsure of the exact cause of the current issue being faced?
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Transition Content
Segmental Troubleshooting
Usershow tech-support user mac <Mac Address>
tar logs user mac <User Mac > tech-support
User Debugging
Logging Level debugging user-debug <Mac Address>
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Transition Content
Segmental Troubleshooting
AP
show ap tech-support ap-name <Name of AP>
show ap debug counters
show ap bss-table ap-name
show ap debug system-status ap-name
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Transition Content
Segmental Troubleshooting
Controllershow tech-support
tar log tech-support
Outside world
Debugging for Specific process/Sub-cat.. (Explained)
Pcap
show interface gigabitethernet <slot/module/port>
Network Diagram
Note: Show tech-support <filename> Store output in file.
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Transition Content
Segmental Troubleshooting.. Processes
show process monitor statistics
Process Monitor Statistics
Name State Restarts Allowed Restarts Timeout Value Timeout Chances Time Started
/mswitch/bin/dbstart PROCESS_RUNNING 8 0 240 3 Sat Feb 28 21:31:55 2015
/mswitch/bin/packet_filter PROCESS_RUNNING - 0 240 3 Sat Feb 28 21:31:56 2015
Mdns , httpd_wrap , Authmgr ,STM , WMS , cfgm , dhcp
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#2
AP Stability and System Profile Optimization
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12 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
AP Stability and System Profile Optimization
AP System Status.
Campus and Remote APs have similar challenges to stay connected to the controller.
Health Check of the AP is vital, since it can trigger client and controller anomalies.
Show AP debug system-status ap-name <Name of AP>
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13 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
AP Stability and System Profile Optimization
• Reboot Information
DHCP/Controller/Keep Alive miss
• Rebootstrap Information
Date Time Reason (Latest 10)
LMS Change/Heartbeat Miss
• HA Failover Information
Date Time Reason (Latest 10)
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14 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
AP Stability and System Profile Optimization
• Recent Control Messages from AP to Controller
Date Time Message Description
Sun Mar 1 12:29:49 2015(164 secs ago): SENT REQ type=KEEPALIVE len=45 peer=10.163.196.72 seq_num=4567 num_attempts=1 rtt=0 secs
• Rebootstrap LMS
• Crash Information
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15 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
AP Stability and System Profile Optimization
• CPU and Memory UsageTimestamp CPU Util(%) Memory Util(%)
2015-03-01 12:32:27 2 24
• Peak CPU Util in the last one hourTimestamp CPU Util(%) Memory Util(%)
2015-03-01 12:19:25 3 24
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16 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
AP Stability and System Profile Optimization
Heartbeat Stats of Serving ControllerHeartbeats Sent Sent Seqnum Heartbeats Received Rcvd Seqnum MTUs sent Misc sent Measurement Duration
2690183 25824 2667575 25824 22607 0 since last rebootstrap
2690193 n/a 2667575 n/a 22607 0 total since bootup
Interface countersInterface Rx_pkts Rx_errors Rx drops Tx_pkts Tx_errors Tx_drops Resets
wifi0 3209433 16822381 2230363 236918 61 0 0
wifi1 4096977 2070224 4095468 2242763 58 0 11
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AP Stability and System Profile Optimization
MTU DiscoveryProbes Responses Last Sent Last Rcvd
45214 22607 2712890 2712890
Switch MTU, 1500
Ethernet bondingSlaveId Name Link State #LinkFails Ethernet Duplex/Speed Settings
Autoneg Speed (Mbps) Duplex Iface
0 eth0 UP ACTIVE 0 on 1000 Full eth0
eth1 DOWN STANDBY 0 on 10 Half eth1
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AP Stability and System Profile Optimization
Controller InformationItem Value
Primary LMS 10.163.196.72
Backup LMS 10.163.196.71
AP to Active Controller Message InformationItem Value
AP state REGISTERED
Power StatusOperational State : Unknown
Current HW State POE-AT: No restrictions
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AP Stability and System Profile Optimization
MTU DiscoveryProbes Responses Last Sent Last Rcvd
45214 22607 2712890 2712890
Switch MTU, 1500
Ethernet bondingSlaveId Name Link State #LinkFails Ethernet Duplex/Speed Settings
Autoneg Speed (Mbps) Duplex Iface
0 eth0 UP ACTIVE 0 on 1000 Full eth0
eth1 DOWN STANDBY 0 on 10 Half eth1
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AP Stability Optimizations
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AP Stability Optimizations
Heartbeat DSCP: Assign a DSCP value to AP heartbeats to prioritize heartbeats traveling over low-speed links. The
supported range is 0-63, and the default value is 0.
Bootstrap threshold: Number of consecutive missed heartbeats on a GRE tunnel (heartbeats are sent once per second on each tunnel) before an AP rebootstraps. On the controller, the GRE tunnel timeout is 1.5 x bootstrap-threshold; the tunnel is torn down after this number of seconds of inactivity on the tunnel.
SAP MTU: Maximum Transmission Unit, in bytes, on the wired link for the AP.
Spanning Tree: Select this checkbox to enable the Spanning Tree protocol.
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22 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
# 3
Optimize load on processes
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HTTPD
Stress on the webserver can be because of number of sessions in the initial role for guest access. This is either because of large certificate (Key Length 2048 or 4096) that are used by the server or a large number of devices (phones/Tablets with APPs) that generate HTTP/HTTPS sessions and get re-directed to the web-server.
show web-server profile
Web Server Configuration
Parameter Value
SSL/TLS Protocol Config tlsv1
Captive Portal Certificate GUEST-AUTH
User session timeout <30-3600> (seconds) 3600
Maximum supported concurrent clients <25-320> 75
Enable WebUI access on HTTPS port (443) true
Enable bypass captive portal landing page false
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24 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
HTTPD
show web-server statistics
Web Server Statistics:
Current Request Rate: 1 Req/Sec
Current Traffic Rate: 1 KB/Sec
Busy Connection Slots: 7
Available Connection Slots: 68
Total Requests Since Up Time: 284
Total Traffic Since Up Time: 1122 KB Avg.
Request Rate Since Up Time: 1 Req/Sec Avg.
Traffic Rate Since Up Time: 6144 Bytes/Sec
Server Scoreboard: _____________KKKKKK_W_____________Scoreboard Key: _ - Waiting for Connection, s -
Starting up R - Reading Request, W - Sending Reply K - Keepalive, D - DNS Lookup C -Closing connection, L - Logging G - Gracefully finishing, I - Idle cleanup of worker . - Open slot with no current process
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25 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
STM and WMS
STM
Station Management is responsible for all AP information and Station information. This process can be over run if there is,
# Aggressive polling from Airwave/SNMP servers for Wlan tables.
# Network wide AP reboot and bootstraps
# AP debug scripts run from the controller.
WMS
IDS/IPS events and frequent AP bootstraps could lead to WMS being busy. WMS is actively looking for RF information of WiFi devices(Rogue/Valid/Interfering).
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26 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
Mitigation
Use AMON
WMS Offload to Airwave.
Reduce SNMP polling or increase the polling period
Disable WMS functionality if you do not require IDS/IPS functionality.
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27 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
# 4
Datapath Debugging
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Datapath Monitoring
Show datapath utilization
show datapath utilization
Datapath Network Processor Utilization
| Cpu utilization during past |
Cpu | 1 Sec 4 Secs 64 Secs |
10 | 99% | 99% | 99% |
11 | 0% | 0% | 0% |
12 | 0% | 0% | 0% |
13 | 0% | 0% | 0% |
14 | 0% | 0% | 0% |
15 | 0% | 0% | 0% |
16 | 0% | 0% | 0% |
show datapath frame 10
|SUM/| | | |
|CPU | Addr | Description Value |
+----+------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| 10 | [00] | Allocated Frames 1040|
| 10 | [01] | Max Allocated Frames 2208 |
| 10 | [03] | Unknown Unicast 147074970|
| 10 | [34] | Flood Frames 1506164167|
+----+------+-----------------------------------------------------+
| 10 | [00] | Rx Frames 635394472|
| 10 | [01] | Rx Bytes 1864525959|
| 10 | [02] | Tx Frames 1240985989|
+----+------+-----------------------------------------------------+
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Datapath Bandwidth Management
show datapath bwm
Datapath Bandwidth Management Table Entries
Type Id Bits/sec Policed Bytes Bytes Flags CPU Status
---- ---- --------- ---------- ------- ----------- ------- ------- ------
0 1 20000000 0 78125 0/0 9 ALLOCATED
0 2 4000000 0 15625 0/0 9 ALLOCATED
0 3 160000000 0 624890 0/0 9 ALLOCATED
0 4 4000000 0 15625 0/0 9 ALLOCATED
0 5 2000128 0 7813 0/0 9 ALLOCATED
0 6 2000128 0 7813 0/0 9 ALLOCATED
0 7 2000128 0 7813 0/0 9 ALLOCATED
Firewall:
Rate limit CP untrusted ucast traffic Enabled 20 Mbps
Rate limit CP untrusted mcast traffic Enabled 4 Mbps
Rate limit CP trusted ucast traffic Enabled 160 Mbps
Rate limit CP trusted mcast traffic Enabled 4 Mbps
Rate limit CP route traffic Enabled 2 Mbps
Rate limit CP session mirror traffic Enabled 2 Mbps
Rate limit CP auth process traffic Enabled 2 Mbps
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30 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
CP and DP Packet Capture
• Wifi -Clientpacket-capture datapath wifi-client aa:aa:aa:aa:aa:aa all
• VIA client/RAPpacket-capture datapath ipsec <peer-ip>
• Generic traffic to controllerpacket-capture controlpath tcp/udp 4343
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31 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
# 5
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Deployment Tips
Missing optimizations
32 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
Deployment Tips
Honey Comb Pattern
Wireless
Local Probe Threshold = 25
Transmit Power of AP 5Ghz Min Tx – 12 Max Tx – 15
2.4 Ghz Min Tx – 6 Max Tx – 9
Avoid Asymmetric RF
The difference between minimum and maximum Tx power on the same radio should not be more than 6dbm
DMO Enable
Basic and Beacon rate
802.11a 5Ghz – 24
802.11g 2.4Ghz – 12
80 Mhz Channel bonding - DFS Channels
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33 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
Deployment Tips.. Contd
GRE Stripping IP - VRRP for LMS and Stripping IP
Jumbo Frames - Enabled
802.3at
Airgroup
Dot1x
OKC
Validate PMK ID
802.11r/k/v
EAPOL Rate Optimization
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Deployment Tips… ASE
https://ase.arubanetworks.com/
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Deployment Tips..
ASE for troubleshooting
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Transition Content
# 6
ClearPass Platform: System Cleanup Options
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CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved38#ATM15 |
ClearPass Platform: System Cleanup Options
• Free disk space threshold is a config in Cluster Wide Service Parameter. Default 30%
• A system cron job runs every hour and checks the disk utilization. If the free space falls below the configured threshold, an alert is logged into the system. NOW in addition, the following aggressive cron cleans up anything more than 1 day old in version 6.5 of CPPM
• Log database records
• Core files
• System load monitor files
• Application and system log files
• Auto and manual backup files
• Stored reports
• Expired guest accounts
• Audit records
CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved39#ATM15 |
ClearPass Platform: System Cleanup Options
CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved40#ATM15 |
ClearPass Platform: System Cleanup Options
We also introduced some new CLI commands
– Check on disk-space and memory usage - “show sysinfo”…
– system cleanup [# of days to retain] **This is an on-demand task
CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved41#ATM15 |
ClearPass Platform: System Cleanup Options
• Same command function also exist in the GUI
– Remember this is an on-demand task
42 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
# 7
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ClearPass Platform : Graphite
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• Graphite is a new reporting tool to compliment Insight in CPPM from 6.3 version.
• Graphite runs on every node irrespective of standalone or cluster and statistics can be viewedfrom any node.
• Performance monitoring Display is disabled by default and should be enabled manually and setaccess permission levels accordingly.
• To access Graphite data, use the URL https://<CPPM IP Address>/graphite
ClearPass Platform : Graphite
44 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
• Make sure Performance monitoring is enabled from GUI
ClearPass Platform : Graphite
45 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
• Setting up access to Graphite from CPPM UI
ClearPass Platform : Graphite
46 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
• We can allow or deny any networks to access Graphite for a node or cluster.
• Make sure stats collection is set true True under Service parameters.
ClearPass Platform : Graphite
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ClearPass Platform : Graphite
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ClearPass Platform : Graphite
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Transition Content
# 8
ClearPass : Upgrade Utility Tool
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CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved50#ATM15 |
ClearPass : Upgrade Utility Tool
• The Cluster Upgrade Tool is a simple user interface that automates the upgrade procedurefor a ClearPass cluster.
• When the upgrade is initiated, no manual actions are required until all selected nodes havebeen upgraded.
• The Upgrade Tool is not available while the publisher is rebooted and migrating theConfiguration Database.
• The Upgrade Tool will not detect nodes that were upgraded manually without the tool.
• If a configured standby publisher node was manually upgraded without the tool, the UpgradeTool will not restore the state of the standby publisher configuration.
CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved51#ATM15 |
ClearPass : Upgrade Utility Tool
• The Cluster Upgrade Tool is released as a patch update. It can be downloaded and installedeither through Policy Manager’s Software Updates portal, or from the Aruba Support portal.
CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved52#ATM15 |
ClearPass : Upgrade Utility Tool
• Log in to Policy Manager on the publisher node and go to Administration > Agents and Software >Updates > Software Updates.
• When the installation is complete, the Admin service will be restarted. You do not need to reboot.
CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved53#ATM15 |
ClearPass : Upgrade Utility Tool
• Before you begin the upgrade, the upgrade image must be present on the publisher node of the cluster.
• Download the upgrade image to the publisher under Software updates
CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved54#ATM15 |
ClearPass : Upgrade Utility Tool
• To monitor the progress of the other nodes in the cluster, wait until the database migration is complete and then log in to the tool again.
• Change the url to https://CPPM IP Address/upgrade
• We should see all the subscribers status that are in sync.
• The list of subscribers will be present and subscriber upgrades will go in parallel.
• ‘Start Upgrade’ to start the upgrade on the servers.
CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved55#ATM15 |
ClearPass : Upgrade Utility Tool
CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved56#ATM15 |
ClearPass : Upgrade Utility Tool
CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved57#ATM15 |
ClearPass : Upgrade Utility Tool
• Check the logs for each node by ‘View Logs’ next to each node and we can see the progress of patches and upgrades from publisher.
CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved58#ATM15 |
ClearPass : Upgrade Utility tool
59 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
# 9
@ArubaNetworks
AirWave – VisualRF Performance Tips
60 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
• Sometimes we see VisualRF takes long time to show up new AP’s to deploy on the floor plans.
• We can manually force VisualRF to poll the AP’s to get new AP or existing AP’s updated details.
• NO need to restart VisualRF to show up new AP’s.
• Change the url in AMP to https://<Airwave IP Address>/visualrf/poll_aps_now.xml
AirWave – VisualRF Performance Tips
61 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
• In 8.x moved to HTML5 for VisualRF UI for faster UI interaction with backend.
• Whilst we are improving the features on the new UI, there are some features which were present in flash and not in HTML5.
• In VisualRF > Setup page, we can switch between HTML5 and flash so that we can take advantage of options present in both version
• Switching between HTML5 and Flash version is easy with below URL without refreshing VisualRF.
• Change the URL to
https://Airwave IP Address/site?campus_id=6c56c239-bfba-4d19-aeca-8ec5af68b725
from
https://Airwave IP Address/vrf?campus_id=6c56c239-bfba-4d19-aeca-8ec5af68b725
AirWave – VisualRF Performance Tips
62 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
AirWave – VisualRF Performance tips
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AirWave – VisualRF Performance Tips
64 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
• We can change ‘vrf’ to ‘site’ on any page for VisualRF URL’s to switch to flash mode from HTML5 mode.
At times we see Heat maps not showing/updating properly in VisualRF
• We can resize the floor plan to same size so that the grid calculation happens and heat maps will be re-drawn.
• No need to restart VisualRF for heat maps to update.
AirWave – VisualRF Performance Tips
65 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
• Unlock the floor plan and go to properties and ‘Measure’
Airwave – VisualRF Performance Tips
66 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
• Select the distance, click ‘OK’ and ‘Save’ without changing the distance, this will trigger floor plan to recalculate the heatmpas.
Airwave – VisualRF Performance Tips
67 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
Transition Content
# 10
Airwave – Tips for Data Retention Settings
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CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved68#ATM15 |
Airwave – Tips for Data Retention Settings
• Data in AirWave is primarily stored in 2 formats:
• Postgres - an open source, relational SQL database. Usually, when you see data in tables, that data is stored in Postgres.
• RRD Files - used for storing data that's displayed in time-sequence graphs (i.e, client count over the last year, bandwidth used over the last month). There can be many thousands of RRD files on a single AirWave server. One benefit of RRD is that its files have a fixed size. As data is inserted to an RRD file (like by an AirWave monitoring process), it does not grow. A downside of this is that the file starts using storage space as soon as it is created.
CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved69#ATM15 |
Airwave – Tips for Data Retention Settings
• We can set data retention settings under AMP Setup > General page under the section ‘Historical Data Retention’.
• Client Association and VPN Session History. This setting has a bearing on how much history we can show in the association history on the client historical table and how much data can be included in the user session data.
• Its recommend to keep high because the data is useful
CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved70#ATM15 |
Airwave – Tips for Data Retention settings
• Inactive Client and VPN User Data. This setting determines how long we keep the information on every client that has ever connected to the network.
• This impacts how long we keep RRD files. Keeping it low can save disk space.
CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved71#ATM15 |
Airwave – Tips for Data Retention settings
• Client data retention Interval : This influences how much historical data you can see for each client in the graphs, for example the signal quality, usage graphs on the client detail/diagnostic page.
• It's very important to keep this low, like in the 14-31 days range.
• This is especially important in public wi-fi deployments that will have lots of unique users.
• This setting controls what size RRD files are created to store per-user historical signal, usage, goodput, health and other metrics.
• Keeping it low doesn't impact device, group and folder-level monitoring, and it doesn't have any negative impact on reports. It only impacts the graphs on the client Detail and Diagnostic pages.
CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved72#ATM15 |
Airwave – Tips for Data Retention settings
• By default Rogues are kept forever which will impact the overall system performance and for RAPIDS page load.
• It also impacts VisualRF for Rogue calculation if it has thousands of Rogue devices.
• This is especially important in public wi-fi deployments that have open SSID and lot of nearby devices are detected as Rogues
• Setting the value to low as 14 days will greatly help.
CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved73#ATM15 |
Airwave – Tips for Data Retention settings
• Airwave by default has 20+ Reports which runs daily.
• Keep Reports that are needed for the environment and delete/disable the default reports.
• Report retention setting can be costly in high dense environments especially for disk space.
• This increase the nightly backup file size, nightly maintenance time and report generation time.
• Exporting the reports via .csv or .pdf or emailing them is a good option.
• Keeping the retention value will have the pickled client tables not to grow huge in size and makes report generation faster.
74 CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2015. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved#ATM15 |
Questions
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