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The Elbow
Blessen Abraham Jainy JamesNaved Patel
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The Primary Elbow Extensors & Flexors
Elbow flexors• Biceps brachii• Brachialis• Brachioradialis• Weak assistance from pronator teres
Elbow extensor• Triceps brachii• Anconeus provides assistance
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What type of joint is the elbow?
The elbow is a Radioulnar joint
It is a pivot-type joint The radial head rotates around the
proximal Distal radius rotates around distal
ulna The angular ligament maintains
radial head in its joints
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What is the degree of freedom for the elbow joint?
In supination it is 80 – 90 degree’s from neutral In pronation its 70 – 90 degrees from neutral
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Articulation of which bones make the elbow joint?
The elbow is made up of the humerus, ulna, & radius
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Draw diagram representing all the movement of
elbow joint and name the plane and axis of each movement.
All these movements take place in the saggital and frontal plane
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In what plane does supination and pronation occur?
Supination & pronation take place in the sagittal and coronal plane
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What is tennis elbow?
Tennis elbow is a common problem where the lateral epicondyle becomes
painful and tender. Usually involving the extensor digitorum muscle near its
origin on lateral epicondyle. It is also known as lateral epicondylitis and is
associated with gripping & lifting activities
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The ligaments of the elbow joint
Ulnar collateral ligamentRadial collateral ligamentAnnular ligament
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Normal ranges:Elbow flexion (zero to 150 degrees)Elbow Extension (150 degrees to zero)Supination (zero to 80 or 90 degrees)Pronation (zero to 80 or 90 degrees)
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The ligament injured in hyperextension of the elbow
joint is:The ulnar collateral ligament
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Elbow flexion is an example of
Third class lever because the biceps brachii applies force at the insertion of the radial tuberosity, the resistance is the center of gravity and the elbow as the axis.
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The Biceps brachialis muscle isThe prime mover for flexion of the Elbow
jointThe biceps brachialis pulls at the insertion
of the radial tuberosity as shown in the previous slide.
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Elbow Flexors Muscle Origin Insertion Action Innervation
Biceps Brachii
Scapula – Supraglenoid Tuberosity; Coracoid Process
Radius - Tubercle; Bicipital Aponeurosis
Elbow flexion, forearm supination, shoulder flexion and transverse flexion
Musculotaneous (C5 & C6)
BrachialisAnterior Humerous
Ulna -Coronoid Process
Elbow flexion Musculotaneous (C5 & C6)
Brachioradialis
Humerous – Lateral Condyle
Radius (Lateral Distal) – Styloid Process
Elbow flexion Radial Nerve (C5, C6, C7 & C8)
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Biceps Brachii Movement Elbow Flexion [1, 2 ] Forearm Supination [1, 2 ] Shoulder
Flexion (Weak) [2 ] Transverse Flexion (Weak) [2 ]
Attachments Origin
Scapula Supraglenoid Tuberosity [1 ] Coracoid Process [2 ]
Insertion Radius
Tubercle [1, 2 ] Fascia of forearm
Bicipital Aponeurosis [1, 2 ]
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BrachialisMovement
Elbow Flexion Attachments
OriginHumerous (Anterior)
InsertionUlna Coronoid Process
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BrachioradialisMovement
Elbow Flexion Attachments
OriginHumerous
Lateral Condyle Insertion
Radius (Lateral Distal) Styloid Process
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Elbow Extensors, Pronators and Supinators
Muscle Origin Insertion Action Innervation
Triceps Brachii
Scapula – Infraglenoid Tubercle, Humerous (Posterior) – Superior to radial groove; Inferior to radial groove
Ulna (Proximal Posterior) – Olecranon Process
Elbow Extension, Shoulder Extension and Adduction
Radial Nerve (C5, C6, C7 & C8)
Anconeous Humerus (Posterior)- Lateral condyle
Ulna (Posterior, Proximal), Olecranon
Elbow Extension
Radial Nerve (C5, C6, C7 & C8)
Pronator TeresHumerus (Distal) – medial condyloid ridge, Poximal Ulna (medial)
Middle third of Radius (lateral)
Pronation of Forearm, weak elbow flexion
Median Nerve (C6 & C7)
Supinator Lateral epicondyle of humerus, Ulna (posterior)
Proximal radius (lateral) surface below the head
Supination of forearm
Posterior Interosseous Nerve (C5, C6, C7 & C8)
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Triceps Brachii Movement
Elbow Extension [1, 2 , 3 ] Shoulder
Extension [1 ] Adduction [1 ]
AttachmentsOrigin
Scapula [1 ] Infraglenoid Turbercle
Humerous (Posterior) Superior to Radial Groove [2 ] Inferior to Radial Groove [3 ]
InsertionUlna (Proximal Posterior) [1, 2 , 3 ]
Olecranon Process
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Anconeous Movement
Elbow Extension
Attachments
OriginHumerus (Posterior)
Lateral condyle
Insertion Ulna (Posterior, Proximal)Olecranon
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Pronator Teres
Movement Pronation of forearm Weak flexion of elbow
Attachments
OriginHumerus (Distal)
medial condyloid ridgePoximal Ulna (medial)
Insertion Middle third of Radius (lateral)
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SupinatorMovements
Supination of the Forearm
AttachmentsOrigin
Lateral epicondyle of humerusUlna (posterior)
InsertionProximal radius (lateral) surface below the head
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