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The Fourth Beast
Daniel 7:15-28
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Review• Daniel had a vision of four human empires
– Babylonian – Lion with eagle’s wings– Medo-Persian – Bear– Greek – 4-headed Leopard– Roman – the beast of Dan 7:7-8
• During this fourth empire God, the Ancient of Days, would set up a kingdom ruled by the Son of Man who is also God
• Daniel wants to know more
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Seeking more information• Dan 7:15-18
– Daniel is grieved in his spirit and troubled by the visions he saw
– Asks for the truth (certainty) of the visions – The angel confirms the certainty
• Explains the four beasts as kings/kingdoms
• Explains the final kingdom, God’s kingdom, as one which would belong to the saints forever
– This should be good news– Same outcome as prophesied in Dan 2:44
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The fourth beast• Dan 7:19-20
– What is bothering Daniel isn’t the outcome, but the description of the fourth beast• Exceedingly dreadful (devours, tramples, and
breaks the whole earth)
• Ten horns on its head
• The little horn – Before which three horns fell– Which had eyes and a mouth speaking pompous
words– Whose appearance was greater than his fellows
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A more detailed vision• Dan 7:21-22
– The little horn making war against the saints, prevailing against them
– Until the Ancient of Days came • With judgment in favor of the saints of the Most
High
• And it was time for the saints to possess the kingdom
• But what does it mean?
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The interpretation• Dan 7:23
– The beast represents a fourth kingdom – Rome• It will be different than other kingdoms
– Roman laws, government, and armies were different than any of the preceding kingdoms
• It will devour, trample, and break the whole earth– Rome conquered– “earth” means “land or ground”
» Not the globe
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The interpretation• Dan 7:24
– 10 horns = 10 kings– Little horn is the eleventh king who knocks
down 3 preceding kings• A lot of fanciful interpretations are made about
these kings– But the simplest is probably the best
» After all, God is trying to explain the vision, not complicate it
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The interpretation• Therefore, the Roman empire would have 10
kings, then an eleventh king who removes 3 predecessors– The only complication would be to know from
what point in Roman history to begin numbering the kings• Could start from when Rome conquers the land
of Israel (63 BC – the first triumvirate)• Could start from either the first practical emperor
(Julius Caesar) or acknowledged emperor (Augustus Caesar)
• Or could count backward from the emperor who killed 3 predecessors in what is called “the year of four emperors” (AD 68-69)
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The interpretation• 11- Vespasian (AD 69-79) – the little horn• 10- Vitellius (AD 69) ]• 9- Otho (AD 69) ]- the three fallen horns• 8- Galba (AD 68-69) ]• 7- Nero Caesar (AD 54-68)• 6- Claudius Caesar (AD 41-54)• 5- Caligula Caesar (AD 37-41)• 4- Tiberius Caesar (AD 14-37)• 3- Augustus Caesar (30 BC – AD 14)• 2- Marcus Antonius (2nd triumvirate) (44-30 BC)• 1- Julius Caesar (1st triumvirate) (66-44 BC)
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The little horn• Not like the preceding horns
– Vespasian was a Flavius, not a Caesar (though he took Caesar as a title)
• Dan 7:25– He shall speak pompous words against the Most
High – He shall persecute the saints of the Most High– He shall intend to change times and law– Into whose hands the saints shall be given for a
time, times and half a time
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The little horn• Vespasian
– Led the army against the Jews in AD 66– The army (under his son Titus) eventually sacked
Jerusalem and destroyed the temple– Jewish War actually lasted 7+ years
• Killed hundreds of thousands of Jews including many Christians who did not heed the warning of Lk 21:20-24
– Declared himself to be the Jewish Messiah, as well as various prophesied demigods from many nations and religions
• Ordered Titus’ army to hunt down and kill all descendants of David
– Rewrote large sections of Roman law– Claimed he was becoming a god
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The eternal kingdom• Dan 7:26-28
– Although Vespasian (and the Roman empire) thought he was triumphing over God• In reality God’s kingdom triumphed over the
empire
• The vision returns to the same scene already noted (Dan 7:13-14)
– God’s court seated– The dominion of earthly empires judged and
condemned– The kingdom belongs to the saints, led by the Son
of Man who rides upon the clouds
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Conclusion• Daniel had been granted an extraordinary
vision of a time more than 500 years in the future– A time when the kingdom of God and the Roman
empire would come into conflict• But God and His kingdom would triumph
• His kingdom continues even now– Won’t you become part of God’s kingdom?
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