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GE Digital Energy
The Future of Grid Control: Smart Grid and Beyond John D. McDonald, P.E. Director Technical Strategy & Policy Development
IEEE Fellow IEEE PES President (2006-2007) IEEE Division VII Director (2008-2009) IEEE-SA Board of Governors (2010-2011) IEEE Smart Grid Steering Committee CIGRE USNC VP, Technical Activities
Adv. Grid Tech. Workshop/ADMS at NREL July 7, 2015
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Agenda
• Key Industry/Societal Trends
• Holistic Solutions
• Integration of Renewables
• Big Data, Analytics and Enterprise Data Management
• Industry Standards Vision
• ADMS Software Applications
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Key Industry/Societal Trends
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Key Industry/Societal Trends
V Transitioning from Devices/Systems to Holistic Solutions
V Success = Technology, Standards, Policy
V Grid Flexibility + Self Healing + Reconfigurable
V Electrical Power Distribution Infrastructures Resiliency
V Big Data, the Cloud and Use of Social Media
V Convergence of IT and OT to Support Enterprise Data Management
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Holistic Solutions
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Enabled A “Smarter” Grid Utility Managers
‘New Applications enabled by Additional Infrastructure’
Management “ Applications”
Economic Energy Asset Demand Delivery Dispatch Optimization Optimization Optimization Optimization Enabled
Consumers
Control “How Power Flows” DA/DMS
Gen & Trans Transmission Sensors Dist. Dist. Adv.Metering Mgt. Automation Mgt. Automation System�
Heavy Metal Old Grid
“ Generate & Deliver Power” Smart Grid Adds Thermal Sub Dist Voltage Renewable
Lines Generation Stations Equipment Control Generation
Old Grid Smart Grid
• You call when the power goes out. • Utility knows power is out and usually restores it automatically.
• Utility pays whatever it takes to meet peak demand. • Utility suppresses demand at peak. Lowers cost. Reduces CAPEX.
• Difficult to manage high Wind and Solar penetration • No problem with higher wind and solar penetration.
• Cannot manage distributed generation safely. • Can manage distributed generation safely.
• ~10% power loss in T&D • Power Loss reduced by 2+%… lowers emissions & customer bills.
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Smart Grid Holistic Solutions
Demand Optimization
Distribution
Optimization Asset
Optimization
Transmission Optimization
Workforce & Engineering
Design Optimization
Smart Meter
&
Comms
Shared Services & applications
Interoperability Framework
Transitioning from products/systems toholistic solutions
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HA
N
Data
Residential, Commercial & Industrial
Substations
Consumers
Real-Time Communications
Backhaul
Comms
Backhaul
Comms
Smart
Grid Base
Backhaul
Comms
NMS
Smart
Router
Internet
Smart
Meter
Internet
Gateway
MDMS
Fir
ew
all
EMS OMSDMS GIS
Office
Devices
Smart
Router
Utility
Owned
Generation
& Storage
Gen &
Store
Distributed Energy Resource Manager
HA
N
Station
Controller
Other
IEDs & I/O
Volt Reg,
LTC, Caps
Apps
Local
HMI
Protection
Relays Smart
Router
Volt/VAR
Devices
Volt Reg
& Caps
Smart
Router
Switches &
Breakers
Reclosers &
SwitchesPMU
Transformer
M&D
Mobile
Router
OFR DPA DRIVVCFDIR WAMS Hist
Mobile FFA
Model
Mgr Asset Services
Security Apps
Biz Tools Design
EnterpriseOperations Bus – Software Services Infrastructure
Workforce & Engr Design
Software Services Infra
Distribution
Optimized Solutions
Transmission
Smart Meter Systems
Demand
Asset
Wired/Wireless Substation Communications
Smart Grid Technology RoadmapSmart Grid Technology Roadmap
Communications
Infrastructure
Microgrid
Controller
Generation
& Storage
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Smart Meters/AMI Integration with GIS, OMS and DMS Smart Meters/AMI • Meter Readings • Voltage => DMS • Last Gasp Communication => OMS
GIS • Network Model Information => OMS, DMS
DMS • Status Changes => OMS
Customers • Phone Calls => OMS • Social Media => OMS
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Integration of Renewables
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Distributed Generation Industry Challenge
A wide array of DG is creating unique challenges in the grid: two-way power flow, voltage regulation concerns.
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GGeenneerraattiioonn SSwwiittcchhyyaarrdd SSuubbssttaattiioonn SSuubbssttaattiioonn
Distribution controls and protection traditionally take advantage of and are designed only for uni-directional power flow
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Distributed Generation Integration Technology Solution Optimal dispatch of complex energy resources
U90 Microgrid
Controller
Smart control system to optimize and manage
generators, energy storage and loads featuring:
• Optimal Dispatch
• Supervisory Controls
• Islanding/Tie-Line Controls
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Grid Edge Controllers and MicrogridsEdge of grid transforming into Microgrids
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Impact of High Penetration of Rooftop Solar PV on the Distribution System
New Applications of Power Electronics (my Power Electronics magazine article – August 22, 2013 issue)
• Substation Transformer On-line Tap Changer • Low Voltage Network Dynamic Grid Edge Controllers • Increased capability from Inverters
The Death Spiral (Intelligent Utility magazine article – November /December 2013 issue) • Impact of High Penetration of Rooftop Solar PV in the State of
Queensland, Australia
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Big Data, Analytics and Enterprise Data Management
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Internet of Things (IoT)
Drive the next productivity revolution by connecting�intelligent machines with people at work�
The “II” Connects…
Intelligent Big Data People ++1. Machines 2. & Analytics 3. at Work
Connecting people any Leverage technology & Combine the power of place, any way, and any communication to cost- big data, big analytics,
time for intelligent effectively connect and industry physics operations machines
= A world that works better, faster, safer, cleaner and cheaper�
Global Energy Capex $1.9T/year
The first 1% annual savings equals $300B over 15 years
Energy Value:
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Analytics
Meter Insight (in development)
Outage Insight (in development)
Reliability Insight (in development)
Renewables Insight (in design)
Consumer Insight (in design)
• A• utomated KPIdata validation
• Dynamic KPIdashboards
• Outage EventRecorder
• Planned outageoptimization
• PredictiveOutageAnalytics
• Accurate ETR
Automated KPI data validation
• Dynamic KPI dashboards
• Outage Event Recorder
• Planned outage optimization
• Predictive Outage Analytics
• Accurate ETR
• Predictivevegetationmanagement
• Asset healthanalysis
• System healthanalysis
• Lifecycleanalysis andportfoliooptimization
• Predictive vegetation management
• Asset health analysis
• System health analysis
• Lifecycle analysis and portfolio optimization
• PV load(dis)aggregation/ hotspotanalysis
• Wind load(dis)aggregation and hotspotanalysis
• EV penetration/impact analysis
• DER loadorchestration
• PV load (dis)aggregatio n/ hotspot analysis
• Wind load (dis)aggregatio n and hotspot analysis
• EV penetration/ impact analysis
• DER load orchestration
• Social mediaintegration
• CustomerSegmentation
• CustomerEngagement
• SentimentAnalysis
• Social media integration
• Customer Segmentation
• Customer Engagement
• Sentiment Analysis
• RevenueProtection
• Power Qualityand Reliability
• LoadForecasting andResearch
• Revenue Protection
• Power Quality and Reliability
• Load Forecasting and Research
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Enterprise Data ManagementCollecting Data for Data Analytics
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Enterprise Data ManagementBreaking Down the Silos
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Industry Standards Vision
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Smart Grid Foundational Standards
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Communication Protocols Control Center to Control Center • IEC 60870-6/TASE.2 – Inter-control Center Communications
Protocol (ICCP)
Control Center to Field Equipment • IEEE 1815 (DNP3) – North American Suppliers • IEC 60870-5 – European Suppliers
• 101 – serial communications • 103 – protection devices • 104 – TCP/IP (network communications)
Field Equipment • IEC 61850 – substation automation and protection • IEEE 1815 (DNP3) – substation and feeder device automation
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ADMS Software Applications
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Feeder Automation – Centralized Control
Central SCADA
System
SCADA Server
Basic SCADA Functionality
Fault indicator status, currents, voltages
Device Control Commands
Dispatcher Console
Equipment status and loading
Switching Actions
Real-Time
Data
Feeder equipment data,
topology information
Geogaphic
Information
System (GIS)
Feeder Automation
Application Server Feeder Models
Distribution Power Flow Load Estimator
Topology Processor FLISR Application Software Switch Order Management
Substation and
Feeder
Devices
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Advanced Real Time DMS Applicationsß Topology Processor (TP)
ß Integrated Volt/Var Control (IVVC)
ß Fault Detection, Isolation, Restoration (FDIR)�
ß State Estimation (SE)
ß Load Estimation (LE)
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Advanced Analytical DMS Applications
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Woods Creek Substation
Feeder 1810
Feeder 1810 Feeder 1811
Feeder 1808
Feeder 1809
(to Three Lakes)
(to Sultan)
(to Sultan)
Distribution Line
N.O. Switch
N.C. Switch
Feeder Boundary
Fuse
Recloser
Sectionalizer
Section
WCA45 ∑ Distribution Power Flow (DPF)
∑ Short Circuit Analysis (SCA)
∑ Optimal Feeder Reconfiguration (OFR)
∑ Optimal Capacitor Placement (OCP)
∑ Feeder Relay Protection Coordination (RPC)
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Advanced Ancillary DMS Applications
∑ Maintenance & Outage Planning (M&OP)�∑ Power Quality Analysis (PQA) ∑ Retail Power Marketing (RPM) ∑ Coordination with adjacent systems ∑ Distribution Simulation ∑ …..
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Thank You!