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The Geography of South Eurasian languages
Guillaume JACQUESUniversité Paris V - CRLAO
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The six major language families of South Eurasia
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The six major language families of South Eurasia
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Sino-Tibetan / Tibeto-Burman
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Austronesian
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Miao-Yao (Hmong-Mien)
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Kra-dai (Tai-kadai)
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Austroasiatic
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Dravidian
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Language Isolates
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Language Isolates
Burushaski
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Language Isolates
Burushaski
Kusunda
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Language Isolates
Burushaski
Kusunda
Nahali
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Sino-Tibetan
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Sino-Tibetan / Indochinese
Chinese Tibeto-BurmanThai Miao-Yao
Tibetan Lolo-Burmese Qiangic
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Sino-Tibetan / Indochinese
Chinese
Tibetan Lolo-Burmese Qiangic
Tibeto-Burman
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Sino-Tibetan (Tibeto-Burman)
Chinese Tibetan Lolo-Burmese
Qiangic Other primary branches
Tibeto-Burman (Klaproth 1823)
Nearly 30 primary branches
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The Primary Branches of Sino-Tibetan
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1100 CETibetan
Burmese
Tangut
Chinese
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Sino-Tibetan Urheimat (1)
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Sino-Tibetan Urheimat (2)
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Sino-Tibetan Urheimat (3)
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Sino-Tibetan Urheimat (3)
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Sino-Tibetan Urheimat (3)
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Sino-Tibetan Urheimat (3)
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Austronesian
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Subgrouping
PAN
Paiwan Northern RukaiEast Coast Linkage
Amis
Bunun
Kavaln
PMP
Urheimat in Taiwan circa 3500 BCE
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Miao-Yao (Hmong-Mien)
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Miao-Yao (Hmong-Mien)
• Split 500 BCE
• Most of the reconstructible vocabulary of Chinese origin.
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Kra-dai (Tai-kadai)
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Kra-dai (Ostapirat 2005)
Kra-dai
Kra Hlai Kam-dai
Kam-sui Dai-Be
Be
Tai
Southwestern
Central
Northern
Kam
Then
Mak
Sui
Split 2000 BCE
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Urheimat of Kra-dai in Guangxi
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Austroasiatic
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Austroasiatic
Mon
Khmer
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Austroasiatic (Diffloth 2005)
AA
Munda Khasi-Khmuic Mon-Khmer
South
North
Khasi
Palaung-Khmu
Khmer-Viet
Nicobar-Mon
Split 5000 BCE
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Dravidian
Brahui
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Macrophyla
• Sino-Austronesian (Sagart)– ST, Austronesian
• Kra-Dai as a Subgroup of AN within East Coastal Linkage (Sagart)
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Macrophyla
• Indochinese (Leyden 1806)– ST, (MT), KD, (Austroasiatic)
• Turanian (Müller)– ST, KD, AA, AN, Dravidian
• Austric (Schmidt 1906)– Austroasiatic, Austronesian
• Austro-Thai (Schlegel 1901, Wulff 1942, Benedict)– Kra-Dai, Austronesian
• Miao-Yao / Austroasiatic (Davies 1909)
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Macrophyla
• Sino-Caucasian (Starostin)– ST, Ienissean, West Caucasian
• Austric (Pejros)– Kra-Dai, Austronesian, Austroasiatic, MY
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Macrophyla
• East-Asian (Zhengzhang, Starosta)– ST, MY, Austronesian, KD, Austroasiatic
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Macrophyla
• Elamo-dravidian (McAlpin) : Dravidian Indus Civilisation.