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THE MANAGER AS A LEADERBusiness ManagementUnit 5
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Objectives
Define the concept of leadership and important characteristics of leaders
Identify five important human relations skills needed by managers
Discuss two viewpoints of managers about employees’ attitudes toward work
Compare three different leadership styles and determine when each is most effective
Describe the importance of work rules in a business and the procedures managers should follow in enforcing them
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Key Terms
Leader Leadership Human relations Power Position power Reward power Expert power
Identity power Leadership style Autocratic leader Democratic
leader Open leader Situational leader Work rules
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Leadership CharacteristicsInfluencing PeopleDeveloping Leadership Skills
The Importance of Leadership
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Leadership is the ability to influence individuals and groups to cooperatively achieve organizational goals
Human relations refers to how well people get along with each other when working together
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Leadership Characteristics
Intelligence Judgment Objectivity Initiative Dependability cooperation
Honesty Courage Confidence Stability Understanding
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Influencing people
Power is the ability to control behavior Position power Reward power Expert power Identity power
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Developing Leadership Skills Individuals can improve leadership skills
Training Personal development Experience Preparation and practice
Leadership skills are needed by Managers Team and project leaders Supervisors
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Self UnderstandingUnderstanding OthersCommunicationTeam BuildingDeveloping Job Satisfaction
Human Relations
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Self Understanding
Self-understanding involves an awareness of Your attitudes Opinions Your leadership style Your decision making style and Your relationship with other people
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Understanding Others
Manager needs to know the best way to work with each employee
They need to be able to satisfy workers needs
And accomplish the goals of the company
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Communication
Manager must understand what information to communicate and what method to use
Listening is an important communication skill By listening managers
Identify problems Determine needs Respond to other effectively
Manager must communicate with employees in a language they can understand and through their channels
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Team Building
Team building means getting people to believe in the goals of the company
Teams that take responsibility for work and pride in the results reduce the amount of time managers spend in monitoring the team’s work
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Developing Job Satisfaction
Employees are willing to work hard when they are satisfied with their jobs.
Manager must look at differences when making job assignments
People should be carefully matched with the kind of work they performs
Whenever possible managers should match the job tasks with the needs and interest of the employees and watch people when they begin new tasks to identify possible problems
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Management Viewpoints About Employees
Employees need to be closely managed Employees perform well with limited
management A flexible viewpoint
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Autocratic DemocraticOpenSituational
Leadership Styles
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Autocratic Leadership
Autocratic leader gives direct, clear and precise orders or detailed instructions
Employees do not make decision about the work to be performed
Manager handles all questions and problems Reason for use – efficiency, no surprises, best for
use in emergencies, temporary /part-time employees
Disadvantages it discourages employees from thinking of better ways
of doing things May lead to employee dissatisfaction Decline in work performance Does no prepare employee for leadership opportunities
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Democratic Leadership
Democratic leader is one who encourages workers to share in making decisions about their work and work related problems
Manager communicate openly with employees and discuss problems and solutions
Many still makes the final decision Principal characteristic is it encourages employees to
participate in planning, solving problems and making decisions
Limitations Not everyone participates Its time consuming Many jobs are routine with little opportunity for shared
decision making
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Open Leadership
The open leader is a manager who gives little or no direction to employees
Employees understand the work that needs to be accomplished Methods, details and decisions are left to
individual or team
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Situational Leadership
A situational leader is one who understands employees and job requirements and matches his or her actions and decisions to the circumstances
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Handling Employee Problems
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Employees Prefer a Manager Who Encourages employee participation and
suggestions Keeps employees informed and shares
employee ideas with upper management Works to build and maintain morale Is available to employees and easy to
talk to Supports employee training and
development
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Employees Prefer a Manager Who Communicates effectively with employees Is considerate of the ideas and feelings of
others Makes changes when needed rather than
relying on past practices Supports employees who are doing their
best even when mistakes are made Shows appreciation and provides
recognition for good work
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Management Guidelines for Enforcing Work Rules Explain work rules and provide written
copies of the rules to all employees Acquaint employees with penalties for
work rule violations and make sure they understand the penalties as well as when and how they will be applied
Investigate any violation thoroughly before taking action
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Management Guidelines
Consider any special circumstances before determining the violation and the penalty
Act as soon as possible after investigating a violation and deciding the action to be taken
Inform the employee who violated a work rule of the rule that was violated, the penalty that will be applied, and the reason for the penalty
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Management Guideline
Treat similar violations consistently Punish in private and praise in public Encourage employees to follow work
rules by rewarding those who consistently follow the rules