Download - The Planning og Handover in 3G Technology
The Planning Of Handover In 3G
Technology Saravanan A/L Sukumaran (Author)
Department of Electronics & Computer Engineering Technology
Faculty of Engineering Technology
Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
ABSTRACT
The third generation mobile technology (3G) has been one
of the important innovation in communication field. The
advantages of third generation (3G) technology compared
to previous technologies are it brings digital multimedia
handsets with high data transmission rates, capable of
providing much more than basic voice calls. For W-
CDMA (access technology of 3G) the quality and capacity
should be planned with proper guidelines in order to avoid
loss or interruption of service. In order to avoid such
problems the handover conducted in telecommunication
industries. The handover can be classified into hard
handover and soft/softer handover. The implementation of
soft handover can increase the quality, and capacity
performance. The principle of handover considered during
the planning of 3G networks. This project involves the
basic study of W-CDMA architecture along with the
planning of handover in 3G technology. The handover
planning conducted by using software called Atoll RF
planning tool.
Keywords—handover ; 3G WCDMA; Signal Quality
I. INTRODUCTION
Soft handover is a very essential and important
aspect of W-CDMA system. The W-CDMA is best
choice for implementation of soft handover. The
universal frequency reuse enables the new function
of soft handover [1]. In the uplink, two or more Base
Stations (BS) can obtain the same signal due to reuse
factor. In the downlink the mobile station can
coherently combine with the signals from different
Base Stations (BS) since it consider as just
additional multipath components [2]. Soft handover
causes strict requirement to power control and
makes capacity enhancement by adding a new cell
very easy as no frequency planning in necessary.
The soft handover involves configuring the network
resources and parameters in a way that guarantee
performance for the end users according to the
quality of handover.
The main objective of the project is to study the
planning of the 3G network that provides optimum
Win Adiyansyah Indra
Department of Electronics & Computer Engineering Technology
Faculty of Engineering Technology
Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
topology. The handover is needed in two situations
when a handover in a noise-limited environment
and mobile unit is achieving the signal-strength
holes (gaps) within the cell site [3].
II. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
A. Pre-planning phase
In this phase requirement of services and
basic network configuration parameters
are investigated.
B. Location planning phase
In this phase, the research area, and
possible location to set up the base station
are investigated. The selected location for
this planning from area surrounding Bukit
Beruang to Bukit Baru in Melaka.
The data obtained related to the
geographical properties and the assumed
traffic volumes at various point of the
selected area.
C. Handover planning phase
In this phase the simulated results will be
analysed and compared with previous
analysis until the expected results is
achieved
III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Figure 1: Handover planning ( Traffic Density) at
the selected location
Figure 1 shows the atoll simulation of traffic density
which used to plan handover status. The handover
status is categorised into 6 types, such as softer
handover, soft handover, softer-softer handover,
softer-soft handover, soft-soft handover and blank
spot. The occurance of the softer-softer handover is
higher compared to other handover status.
Figure 2: Signal strength (dBm) at the selected
location
Based on simulation result figure 2, the signal
strength value ranging from -80dBm to -120dBm.
Most of signal strength exist at the selected location.
This implies that good signal strength exist at the
selected location. Thus, less chance for signal loss.
Figure 3: Bukit Beruang antenna placement on
map
Figure 3 illustrated the location where the antenna is
need to be placed in order to achieve the desired
output result. The satellite map above shows exactly
same location where decided for handover planning.
The satellite map consists of 58 antenna located in
between 174 sectorized hexagonal cells.
Furthermore, the figure above also illustrated the
accurate location of antennas which are free from
obstacles, like buildings. So that, it can avoid
shadowing (log normal fading). Most of antennas
are located at the forest sites and empty land. This
helps to prevent Radio Frequency (RF) radiation
which can affect the human health.
IV. CONCLUSIONS
As conclusion, implementation of handover
planning significantly can produce good quality of
signal with better signal strength. The value of signal
strength ranging from -80dBm to -100dBm, which
considered as good signal strength. The W-CDMA
is best choice for implementation of soft handover.
Soft handover refers to a feature used by the W-
CDMA standards, so that a cell phone is
simultaneously connected to two or more cells
during a call. The planning of handover had
followed all the criteria like number of antenna,
environment type, altitude and coverage zones.
Although there are some limitations had been
discovered in this project, the future research has
comes with many suggestion to overcome the
limitations.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I would like to thank my parents and friends for
giving me support from the beginning of this
research until the research is completed. Special
thanks to my supervisor, Mr. Win Adiyansyah Indra
for guiding me along the project's progression.
REFERENCES
[1] A. R. Mishra.,2007. Advanced cellular network
planning and optimisation: 2G/2.5G/3G evolution
to 4G. Chichester: John Wiley.
[2] St-Hilaire, M., Chamberland, S. & Pierre, S.,
2006. Uplink UMTS network design-an integrated
approach. Computer Networks 50(15): 2747-2761.
[3] PASANDIDEH, M. R. and ST-
HILAIRE.,2013. "Automatic Planning of 3G
UMTS All-IP Release 4 Networks with Realistic
Traffic", Computers & Operations Research,
vol.40, no. 8, pp. 1991-2003.