Download - The Population of India
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POPULATION DENSITY
The relationship betweenPopulation and Land area
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DENSITYOF POPULATION
Density of Population or Population Density isthe average no. of persons living per square kmor square mile .
It is frequently applied to living organisms, andparticularly to humans.
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Calculation - Total Population / Total Area
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Western Europe and Asia are denselypopulated
North America, South America andAfrica have a low population density
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- Why are people distributed unevenly across theEarths surface ?
Physical Factors
HumanFactors
Climate
Vegetation
Soil
ReliefNaturalRoutes
WaterSupply
NaturalResources
Political
Economic
Social
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POPULATIONIN 2050
The projected population of the world
in 2050 is 9,075,903,000.
The projected population density is
67 people per square kilometer.
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POPULATIONIN THEORY
2011 2050
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POPULATIONIN REALITY
Urban areas are more dense than rural areas, andsome countries are more dense than others.
2011 2050
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DENSITYOF POPULATIONIN INDIA
Year Densityper Sq. km
Year Densityper Sq.km
1901 77 1961 142
1921 81 1971 177
1931 90 1981 216
1941 103 1991 278
1951 117 2001 324
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Poverty in India
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What is Poverty to theWest and India ?
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POVERTY
Poverty is the state of one who lacks acertain amount of material possessions ormoney .
Absolute poverty or destitution refers tobeing unable to afford basic human needs .
Relative poverty being below somerelative poverty threshold .
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EXTENTOFPOVERTY
Lord Boyd orr - FAO 1945
Indian Planning Commission -Poverty Line
Extent of Poverty
Dandekar and RathP.K Bardhan
B.S Minhas
Planning Commission
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Trends in Poverty (%): India
Year Rural Urban Total
1973-74 56 49 55
1983 46 41 45
1993-94 37 32 36
2004-05 28 26 28
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MIXED RECALL PERIOD (MRP) METHOD
Consumer expenditure data for fivenon-food items - footwear, durablegoods, education, clothing and
institutional medical expenses
is collected from a 365 day recallperiod. The consumption data forother items is collected for a 30-day
recall period.
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However, the number of poorpeople living under $1.25 a day
has increased from 421 million in1981 to 456 million in 2005.
This indicates that there are alarge number of people living
just above this line ofdeprivation and their numbersare not falling.
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UNIFORM RECALL PERIOD (URP) METHOD
Consumers are asked to recall theirexpenditure for all items over a 30-dayperiod.
URP data shows decline from 37.3%(1993-1994) to 27.3% (2004-2005).
MRP data shows decline from 26.1%(1999-2000) to 21.8% (2004-2005).
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Causes of Poverty
High growth rate of Population
Inequality of income
Low per capita IncomeBackwardness of the Economy
Unemployment
Low consumption expenditure
Regional Imbalances
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Inflation
Backward Agriculture
Poor DevelopmentBackward Technology and
shortage of capital
Social and Political factors
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But some are RICH
Some denselypopulated
countries are POOR
Population Density and Poverty?
PopulationDensity
(persons per sq.km)
GNP per capita(2001 Dollars)
China 134 972India 337 486
Japan 337 29,447
Germany 235 22,466Singapore 5,540 21,644
Belgium 337 22,417
Hong Kong 6,571 23,515
UK 245 24,700
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Effects of Colonisation?
Coloniser
GNP per capita
in 1995 (US$)
South Korea Japan 9,700
Malaysia Britain 3,890Botswana Britain 3,020
Tunisia France 1,820
GNP per capitain 1995 (US$)
Hong Kong 22,900 A difference of
United Kingdom 18,700 $4,200 per capita!
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DISASTER!!!
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Positive Things Happening in India:Middle Class
Currently India adds 40 million peopleto its middle class every year
one-third of them have emerged frompoverty in the last ten years
It is predicted that by 2025 the Majorityof Indians will live in middle class
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The amount of money theUK spends
On chocolateeach yearcould make Africa
NOTlive in poverty
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Conclusion
There is no unique solution for
poverty reduction.
Microfinance( very small loans) hashelped India a lot
Five Year Plans
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Bhagirath Ashiya10P1959