Download - The progressives apus 2009
Important Muckrakers
Upton Sinclair
Ida B. Wells
Ida Tarbell
The Progressives
AP US History
Muckrakers“…the man who could look no way but downward …. [who]
continued to rake to himself the filth of the floor” - Theodore Roosevelt
Political
Reform
at the Local Level
The Old SystemMayor who directly administers the city
The New SystemMayor hires a city manager who
administers the city
Social & Economic Reforms• “Gas and water socialism”• Minimum wage• Improving living conditions of the poor• Building codes – result of Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
Political Reform at the State Level
Political Reform at the State Level
Political Reform at the National Level
Political Reform at the National Level
17th Amendment - Direct election of US senators
Social Reform at the National Level18th Amendment (1917)
“….the manufacture, sale, or transportation of intoxicating liquors within, the importation thereof into, or the exportation thereof from the United States and all territory subject to the jurisdiction thereof for beverage purposes is hereby prohibited….”
Repealed by the 21st Amendment (1933)
Labor law
• Keating-Owens Child Labor Act– Overturned in
Hammer v. Dagenhart• Issue: Did social
legislation violate the right to contract?– Lochner v. New York
(1905): yes– Muller v. Oregon
(1908): no
Progressivism & Civil Rights• African-Americans
– Woodrow Wilson: unsympathetic– Feminists: often used racist arguments– Booker T. Washington: accomodationist– W. E. B. Du Bois: calls for racial equality
Progressive Presidents
1900 1901 1904 1908 1912 1920
McKinleyRe-elected
McKinleyAssassinated by Leon Czolgosz
Rooseveltelected
Taft elected
McKinley Roosevelt Taft Wilson
Wilsonelected
Roosevelt in Office
1902 United Mine Workers Strike
Roosevelt favors “arbitration” → “Square Deal”
1904 Roosevelt runs for President
Promises “Square Deal” for the American people
1. End trusts2. Public health & Improve working
conditions3. Environmental Conservation
The Taft Presidency (1908-1912)
Problems
Mann-Elkin Act – ICC control of communications 8 hr day for gov’t workers
90 anti-trust suits
TR returns - tries to win Rep. nomination in 1912 – fails to beat Taft and then forms his own Progressive Party to challenge Taft in 1912
Taft broke up US Steel (TR considered this a “good trust”)
Ballinger – Pinchot affair
Payne-Aldrich Tariff
The Presidential Election of 1912
Ben BernankeAlan Greenspan