The RenaissanceMr. PerreaultRenaissance/Reformation Unit 2012
Why the French Word?!Renaissance is composed of the
word Naissance which means “birth”. So Renaissance means “rebirth”.
Rebirth of what? The Middle Ages were the Dark
Ages, not much was going on with art, music, culture and so on. This all changed in the 1400s!
So What Happened?!The Ninja Turtles
happened!!! Sort of…
Michelangelo, Raphael, Leonardo, and Donetello were all Renaissance artists.
Splinter, the rat, tells of how he named the Ninja Turtles after these artists!
Michaelangelo
MichaelangeloMichelangelo di
Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni (1475 – 1564)
Italian painter best known for painting the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and his statue of David.
He did not ride a skateboard or say dude!
MichaelangeloMichaelangelo
painted the Sistine Chapel for 4 years, depicting scenes from the Bible.
David took less time, but has appeared in pop culture including an episode of the Simpsons.
Raphael
RaphaelRaffaello Sanzio
da Urbino (1483 – 1520)
Painted many chapels, portraits, but most famous of his paintings of Christ.
No Ninja Skills.
RaphaelFamous portrait
of Pope Julius II, the guy who commissioned Michelangelo to paint the Sistine Chapel.
The Catholic Church employed many artists during this time as “patrons”.
RaphaelThe two cherubs
on the bottom are popular icons of the era.
Raphael was never as popular as Leonardo or Michelangelo… just like in the Ninja Turtles!
Donatello
DonatelloDonato di Niccolò di
Betto Bardi (1386 – 1466)
Made many sculptures, including his take on David.
Famous patrons were the Medici family.
Weilded a hammer and chisel, not Bow staff.
Leonardo
LeonardoLeonardo di ser Piero
da Vinci (1452 – 1519) Sculptor, painter,
scientist, inventor, musician, philosopher, cartographer, mathematician, engineer, architect, botanist, genus, and a writer... The true Renaissance Man!
Could be a Ninja?
Anatomy, Cartography
Flying Machines
Da Vinci Code?An author, Dan
Brown, published a book called The Da Vinci Code, and it became a movie.
In the movie, Da Vinci left codes to hide the truth about the true story of Jesus Christ.
The Truth: There is no solid
evidence that Da Vinci had a code, but given the body of work he left behind… anything is possible.
Brain BreakWhat does the Renaissance
mean? Who were the painters of the
Renaissance? (Think Ninja Turtles!)
What did Da Vinci do during his life?
The Renaissance The Renaissance began in Italy, aka
The Southern Renaissance, and moved north to Germany and then onto the Netherlands, eventually to England. This was the Northern Renaissance.
Humanism - A system of thought that centers on humans and their values, capacities, and worth.
The focus was more on the human spirit than on religion, hence all the paintings and sculptures of people.
The Renaissance Art wasn’t the only part of the
Renaissance. MusicLiteraturePhilosophyMedicineSociety
MusicComposers: William Byrd, John
Dowland (the composers of the era would lead into the Baroque Period with J.S. Bach)
Instruments: Violins, Violas, Cellos, Mandolins, Guitars, and Lutes. Eventually a Harpsichord then the Piano-Forte (soft/loud) aka Piano.
Most instruments were adapted from Crusade-era gifts brought back from the Middle East.
Lute The Lute is the grandfather of the
modern guitar. It is a copy of the Ud, popular in Egypt and the Middle East.
Violin The violin wasn’t like our modern
version.
Stradivarius Eventually in the late 1600s, an
Italian cabinet maker will make the modern violin out of these instruments.
To get your own Strad, be ready to pay as high as $20 million!!!!
Church MusicDuring the Middle Ages, monks
kept music alive. Guido d’Arezzi (Guido’s Hand)
created a system of notation. Pope Gregory I allowed music in
Catholic Church, just no pipe organs… they were banned!
Gregorian Chant was used until the Renaissance when church music grew.
Chant Music
Brain BreakWhat was Renaissance music
like? What instruments were played
during this time? What was church music like at
this time?
Other Renaissance NotablesJohannes Gutenberg, printing
press. Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince.Geoffrey Chaucer, Canterbury
Tales. Nicolas Copernicus, solar system. William Shakespeare, Romeo and
Juliet. Lorenzo de Medici, banking.
Johannes Gutenberg- moveable type, printing press
Gutenberg’s impactThe printing press made books
faster and cheaper to produce.Books were no longer written by
hand. Copying used to take forever!
Books could be printed in different languages like English and German, creating a rise in other languages being used for academics, government, and business.
Niccolo Machiavelli Wrote The Prince, a book about
how to rule a country in the Renaissance Era.
Geoffrey Chaucer Wrote the
Canterbury Tales, in English.
It is a tale about a Knight and other people who go on a journey to a shrine.
Nicholas Copernicus
CopernicusAstronomer who challenged the
idea that the Earth was the center of the universe.
Heliocentric – the Sun is the center of the universe.
This idea outraged many people, including the Catholic Church.
We now know the Earth revolves around the sun.
William Shakespeare At the end of the Renaissance,
Will Shakespeare begins writing plays in England.
Eventually, during the Elizabethan Era, he will make his greatest plays including Romeo and Juliet… which he may have stolen…
Lorenzo de Medici
The Medici established themselves as a powerful family in Europe, based out of Italy.
He financed many artists, including Da Vinci.
Eventually created a bank system in Europe. $$$$$
Brain BreakWhat was Johannes Gutenberg
famous for creating? How did this invention change
language?Name one famous person from
the Renaissance and tell what they were famous for?
THE ENDThis is just the basics of the
Renaissance, it was close to two centuries of change in Europe that would make European nations into modern societies and the countries we know today!
AssignmentOption A: How do you think life
during the Renaissance was different from life during the Middle Ages? Explain your answer in 1 paragraph.
Option B: In the spirit of Leonardo Da Vinci, create a drawing of your own Da Vinci inspired machine.
