Download - The Respiratory System
![Page 1: The Respiratory System](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081604/5681635a550346895dd41bcf/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Human BiologyThe Respiratory
System
![Page 2: The Respiratory System](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081604/5681635a550346895dd41bcf/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Organs of the Respiratory system
· Nose· Pharynx· Larynx· Trachea· Bronchi· Lungs –
alveoli
Conducting pathways
Gas exchange
![Page 3: The Respiratory System](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081604/5681635a550346895dd41bcf/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Function of the Respiratory System· Gas exchange
between the blood and external environment· Exchange of
gasses takes place within the lungs in the alveoli
· Conducting Passageways: purify, warm, and humidify the incoming air
![Page 4: The Respiratory System](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081604/5681635a550346895dd41bcf/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Nose and Nasal CavityThe nose and nasal passage way contain lots of veins very close to their surface.
• Warms air entering body
Also has sticky mucous layer that traps debris and bacteria
Nasal cavity
![Page 5: The Respiratory System](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081604/5681635a550346895dd41bcf/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Pharynx (Throat)· Muscular passage from nasal cavity to larynx· Common passageways for air and food
Phayrnx
![Page 6: The Respiratory System](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081604/5681635a550346895dd41bcf/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Larynx (Voice Box)· Routes air and food
into proper channels· Plays a role in
speech· Made of eight rigid
hyaline cartilages and a spoon-shaped flap of elastic cartilage (epiglottis)
Larynx
![Page 7: The Respiratory System](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081604/5681635a550346895dd41bcf/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Structures of the Larynx· Thyroid cartilage
· Largest hyaline cartilage· (Adam’s apple)
· Epiglottis· Covers the trachea when
swallowing forcing food into the esophagus
· Vocal cords (vocal folds)· Vibrate with expelled air to create
sound (speech)· Glottis – opening between vocal
cords
![Page 8: The Respiratory System](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081604/5681635a550346895dd41bcf/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Trachea (Windpipe)
· Connects larynx with bronchi
· Lined with ciliated mucosa· Expel mucus loaded
with dust and other debris away from lungs
· Walls are reinforced with C-shaped hyaline cartilage
TracheaBronchus
![Page 9: The Respiratory System](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081604/5681635a550346895dd41bcf/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
LungsThe lung is the essential respiration organ in air-breathing vertebrates. Its principal function is to transport oxygen from the atmosphere into the bloodstream, and to excrete carbon dioxide from the bloodstream into the atmosphere. This exchange of gases is accomplished in the mosaic of specialized cells that form millions of tiny, exceptionally thin-walled air sacs called alveoli. The lungs also have nonrespiratory functions.
![Page 10: The Respiratory System](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081604/5681635a550346895dd41bcf/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: The Respiratory System](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081604/5681635a550346895dd41bcf/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Bronchioles· Smallest
branches of the bronchi
· Alveoli: Small air sacs where gasses are exchanged
![Page 12: The Respiratory System](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081604/5681635a550346895dd41bcf/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Alveoli· Gas exchange
takes place within the alveoli in the respiratory membrane
· Single layer of squamous epithelial cells· Allows for
rapid diffusion of gasses
![Page 13: The Respiratory System](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081604/5681635a550346895dd41bcf/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
AlveoliAlveoli are surrounded by capillaries
Gasses are exchanged between the air inside the alveoli and the blood in the capilaries
• High concentration of O2 in the alveoli
• Low concetration of O2 in the blood
• Low conentration of CO2 in the alveoli
• High concentration of CO2 in the blood
![Page 14: The Respiratory System](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022081604/5681635a550346895dd41bcf/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Grab a sheet of paper!
• Put the following organs of the respiratory system in order without your notes.– Larynx– Nose– Pharynx– Lungs– Trachea– Bronchi