The role of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2 ) in chronic periodontitis
Speaker: Yeh Feng-wei Tutor: Chirag Sheth
What is the function of MMPs in our body?
• Matrix metalloproteinase is like a worker also the body guard.
• When our bodies get into some trouble, they will call the security to resist the foreign enemy.
MMPs
• MMPs are proteases which are found in combination with Zn2+metal ions.
• They are capable of degrading all types of extracellular matrix proteins, but also can process a number of bioactive molecules (such as;fibrocartilage degradation).
MMP-2
• MMP-2– is present on the cartilage and in synovial
fluid – is a gelatinase–MMP-2 allows living organisms to hydrolyse
gelatin into its sub-components (polypeptides, peptides and amino acids).
How can we analyze MMP-2 expression?
• You can detect MMP-2 by – Immunostaining: A positive signal was observed
in the cytoplasm of chondrocytes and in their surrounding matrix.
– ELISA– 2D electrophoresis
Periodontitis
• Is a severe inflammation of human periodontal tissue caused by bacterial plaque accumulation.
• It’s classified by different Progression
Chronic periodontitis• A common, painless, slow progressing disease, characterized by specific clinical
features: § Gingival inflammation
§ Bleeding on probing (BOP)§ Loss of clinical attachment§ Loss of alveolar bone§ Periodontal pocket (>3mm)
• Variable features include:§ Gingival enlargement§ Gingival recession § Root furcation involvement§ Tooth drifting § Tooth exfoliation§ Tooth mobility
Classification
Chronic periodontitis is classified according to :• Extension• Severity
1. Initial chronic periodontitis2. Moderate chronic periodontitis3. Advanced chronic periodontitis
Initial chronic periodontitis
• Probing depths: – 4-5mm
• Radiographic bone loss:– < 1/3 of the tooth length
• No furcation involvement • Minimum mobility in unirradicular teeth.
Moderate chronic periodontitis
• Probing depths:– 5-6mm
• Radiographic bone loss:– 1/3 - 2/3 of the root's length
• Furcation involvement• Important mobility in unirradicular teeth and
minimum in molars.
Advanced chronic periodontitis
• Probing depths:– >6mm
• Radiographic bone loss:– >2/3 of the root's length.
• Important furcation involvement• Important mobility in unirradicular and
multirradicular teeth.
Possible role of MMP-2 in Chronic Periodontitis?
• MMP-2 is present in the synovial fluid junction (periodontal ligament) and cartilage, and degrades protein and collagen fibers.
• Chronic periodontitis symptoms include– inflammation caused by MMP-2, MMP-8 AND MMP-9– tooth mobility caused by MMP-8 and MMP-9
• Due to the gelatinase function of MMP-2, we hypothesize that MMP-2 may also be associated with tooth mobility caused by periodontitis
Smoking and Periodontitis
• Smoking is one of the most common forms of recreational drug use.
• Tobacco smoking is today by far the most popular form of smoking and is practiced by over one billion people in the majority of all human societies.
Smoking and Periodontitis
• Smoking is one of the main modifiable risk factors for chronic periodontitis.– Smokers tend to have poorer periodontal health and a poor
response to periodontal treatment.– Approximately half as much improvement following surgical or
non-surgical therapy.– Surgical therapy is used by tetracycline or doxycycline with
root planning surgery treatment.• Tetracycline or doxycycline can inhibit MMPs to decrease
inflammation of periodontal tissue, functioning as tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP).
Conclusions• They are capable of degrading all types of
extracellular matrix proteins.• Due to the gelatinase function of MMP-2, we
hypothesize that MMP-2 may also be associated with tooth mobility caused by periodontitis.
• Smoking is one of the main modifiable risk factors for chronic periodontitis.
• Tetracycline or doxycycline can inhibit MMPs to decrease inflammation of periodontal tissue, functioning as tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP).
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