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The Skeletal System
Structure of Bone
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Skeletal System The entire framework of bone and
their associated cartilages
Each individual bone is considered an organ because it is composed of several different tissues working together.
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Osteology The study of the structure of bone
and the treatment of bone disorders
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Orthopedics The branch of medicine that deals
with the preservation and restoration of bone
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Functions of Bone and The Skeletal System Bone tissue and the skeletal
system perform several basic functions: Support Protection Movement Mineral Storage Hemopoiesis Energy Reserve
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Support Provides a framework for the body
by supporting soft tissues and providing points of attachment for most skeletal muscles
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Protection Protects many internal organs from
injury
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Movement Skeletal muscles attach to bones.
When the muscle contracts, it pulls the bones to create desired movements
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Mineral Storage & Homeostasis Bone tissue stores minerals such
as calcium and phosphorus. Bone can release these minerals into the blood to maintain critical concentrations and maintain homeostasis
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Production of Blood Cells Red Bone Marrow – a connective
tissue within certain bones that produces RBC’s, WBC’s and platelets. Hemopoiesis – the process of making
blood cells
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Triglyceride Storage Yellow bone marrow found in
certain bones stores triglycerides in adipocytes. These are a potential energy reserve for the body.
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TYPES OF BONES There are 6 main types of bones:
Long Short Flat Irregular Sutural Sesamoid
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Long Bones Bones that are greater in length
than they are in width Have 2 main parts
Body (shaft); Ends (extremities) Ex: Arms, Legs, Fingers, Toes
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Short Bones Bones that are just as wide as they
are long Ex: Wrist and Ankle
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Flat Bones Thin and Flat (duh) Used for protection and muscle
attachment Ex: cranial, sternum, ribs, scapula
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Irregular Bones Complex shapes that cannot be
classified into any of the other categories
EX – Vertebrae, Facial bones
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Sutural Bones Small bones that form between
joints in the cranium. The number can vary between individuals.
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Sesamoid Bone Bone that develops in a tendon
where there is a lot of pressure
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