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The Spread of Islam and the Creation of Muslim States
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Key Vocabulary for Ch. 15-3Use the words and definitions below to complete a
Frayer Model for each vocabulary term
Caliph – successor to Muhammad as both political and religious ruler of the MuslimsSultan – Muslim political rulerSunni – Muslims who believe that the caliph should be chosen by wise leaders of the Muslim communityShia – Muslims who believe the caliph should be a descendent of Muhammad
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The Umayyad Caliphate
•Killed Ali to gain control of Muslim Caliphate•Controlled largest amount of land•Moved capital to Damascus
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The Abbasid Caliphate
•Overthrew the Umayyad Family•Moved capital to Baghdad•Lost Land – Spain & eventually Egypt•Islamic Golden Age under Abbasid Rule
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The Ottoman Empire
•First non-Arab Muslim State•Ruled by Ottoman Turks•Controlled SE Europe, N. Africa & Arabia•Elite fighting force called the janissaries –Professional soldiers
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The Safavid Empire
•Located in modern-day Iran•Practiced Shia Islam•Rivals of the Ottomans•Center of Islamic culture
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The Delhi Sultanate
•Located in northern India•Ruled by Turks•Many Indians converted to Islam because it promoted a society without classes
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The Mughal Empire
•Mongols defeated the Turks in India and took control•Founded by Babur•Shah Jahan built the Taj Mahal•Sikhism (religion) and Urdu (language) are developed