THE TRANSLATION STRATEGY OF IDIOMATIC
EXPRESSION IN NOVEL HARRY POTTER AND THE HALF
BLOOD PRINCE
A Thesis
Submitted to Letters and Humanities Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for The Degree of Strata One
AHMAD FARIZ RIZWAN
NIM. 1111026000012
ENGLISH LETTERS DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF ADAB AND HUMANITIES
STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH
JAKARTA
2018
i
ABSTRACT
This thesis entitled The Translation strategy of Idiomatic expression In JK
Rowling Book Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince into Harry Potter dan
Pangeran berdarah campuran by Listiana Srisanti that aims to analyze and
identify strategies that use to translate idiomatic expression that found in this
novel.
The researcher uses methodology descriptive analysis to analyze idiomatic
expression. The strategy that use to analyse the idiomatic expression is using
Mona Baker (1992) theory. Process for researcher to analyze the data by pile up
the idiomatic words from the English version and Translation version of this
book. The analysis that has been done by researcher found 10 idiomatic
expression. The most common strategies researcher found in this novel are
strategies similar meaning with similar form and translation by paraphrase.
Key words : analysis, idiomatic expressions, strategies translation.
ii
iii
iv
v
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
In The Name of Allah The Most Beneficien, The most Merciful
All praise be to Allah, Lord of the Universe, On the Overflow of Graces
and mercies to mankind who amazingly guides the researcher in the process of
making this thesis. Peace and salutation be upon the greatest Prophet Muhammad
SAW,His Family,companion and adherents, who changed the world from
darkness into the lightness.
On this occasion, the researcher wants to say many thank to his beloved
parent (Alm M. Husin and Maryam) and his siblings who kept,taught, advised and
prayed for his success. The researcher also wants to give his gratitude Mr. M.
Agus Suriadi, M. Hum as the researcher advisor for their time, guidance, patience,
kindness, contribution in correcting and helping her in finisihis his thesis.
The researcher would like to express his appreciation to the following
people, namely :
1. Prof. Dr. Sukron Kamil, M.Ag, the Dean of Letters and Humanities
Faculty State Islamic University of Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.
2. Mr. Dr. H Muhammad Farkhan M.pd the Assistant of Dean of Letters and
Humanities Faculty, State Islamic of Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta
3. Mr. Drs. Saefudin, M.Pd, The Head of English Letters Department and
Ms. Elve Okatfiyani, M.Hum, the Secretary of English Letter
Departement.
4. All lectures and staff of Adab and Humanities faculty.
vi
5. Researcher colleagues Namira and Ka Rosma
6. Ms. Dini Herpriandini Manager operational in Prime Freight Indonesia
7. To All people and friends who are not mentione thank you very much
May Allah the hearerand all-Knower always bless‟ protect and gives them more
than they have given to the researcher.Hopefully this thesis will be advantageous
for all people who read it.
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ i
APPROVAL SHEET ............................................................................................ ii
LEGALIZATION ................................................................................................ iii
DECLARATION .................................................................................................. iv
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ....................................................................................... v
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................... vii
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ........................................................................... 1
A. Background of Study .................................................................................. 1
B. Focus of the Research ................................................................................. 4
C. Research Question ..................................................................................... 4
D. Significant of the Research ......................................................................... 4
E. Objective of The Research.......................................................................... 4
F. Methodology Of The Research ................................................................... 5
1. Method of Research .............................................................................. 5
2. Technique of Data Analysis ................................................................. 5
3. The Unit of Analysis ............................................................................. 5
4. Time and Venue .................................................................................... 5
CHAPTER II THEORITICAL FRAME WORK .............................................. 6
A. Previous Research ...................................................................................... 6
B. Definition of Translation ............................................................................ 8
C. The Objective of Translation ...................................................................... 9
D. The Process of Translation ......................................................................... 9
E. Idiom ......................................................................................................... 11
F. Categorizing Idiom .................................................................................. 12
G. Translation Strategy of Idiomatic Expression............................................15
H. Equivalence in Translation........................................................................18
CHAPTER III RESEARCH FINDING ............................................................ 20
A. Data Description ....................................................................................... 20
viii
B. Data Analysis ........................................................................................... 21
CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ..................................... 30
A. Conclusion ............................................................................................... 30
B. Suggestion ............................................................................................... 31
BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................ 32
1
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Novel is one of popular text among other literary works that most of
people have been read until now. Besides to entertain people, novel also become a
source for researchers on literary field.
Novel, according some sources are an invented prose narrative of
considerable lenght anda certain complexity that deals imaginatively with human
experience,usually through a connected sequence of events invloving a group of
person in spesific setting.1 Furthermore New mark said “Novel or short story is
the complex literary work that usually has a variety of characters and plot”2 from
the above explanation we can understand that novel is literary work delivered
narratively telling about human experience with has variety of characters and
plot.
Novel deals imaginatively with human experience. It is not only has a
variety of characters and plot but also create various sub-genre. The types of sub-
genre are bildungsroman, picaresque, historical, gothic, epistolary,science
fiction, metafiction, the social novel and romance short story.3 The
Bildungsroman is from German word Bildung and Roman which translate to
english as “novel education” it usually portrayed the journey or the development
1https://www.britannica.com/art/novel
2Ibid
3Ibid
2
of protagonist character from childhood to maturity. The bildungroman usually
tell the reader about the struggle and conflict that protagonist face in their life,
which in the end of the story protagonist will overcome their struggle and can
become a valid and a hero for their society. This type of sub-genre is applied in
Harry Potter novel series by J.K Rowling that tells about chronicle life of a wizard
boy, Harry Potter and his best friends Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley, they
are student at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. The main story focus
of this novel is Harry‟s struggle against Lord Voldemort, the Dark wizard who
intends to become immortal, to overthrow the Ministry of Magic, subjugate non-
magic people and destroy anyone who stands in his way4. On July 2013, the Book
has been sold more than 450 milion copies worldwide, it is make the best-selling
book series in history also it had been translated into seventy-three languages.5
In the process of translating this novel, translator will be find various
dificulties in translating activity that is not easy to match with target language.
There will be some expression which are difficult to be define the meaning, even
though translator is know the words as word by word but still cannot get what the
sentence esentially mean, the expression could be idiomatic.
Idiomatic words meaning cannot be translated word by word, so it must
be learned as a whole word for example an idiom word on this novel “then you
ought to hold your tongue” . The idiom word Hold your Tongue has to be
4Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince Accesed on August 08, 2016
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Potter_and_the_Half-Blood_Prince 5Harry Potter book best selling book accesed on August 08,2016
https://www.news.com.au/entertainment/books-magazines/books
3
translated directly, if Translator doesn‟t really know about idiom from source
language they might be translating word by word as a result it will make reader
difficult to understand or false to interpret the story itself. Therefore a translator
need to have a good knowledge about idiom both from source language and target
language.
After reading this novel, the researcher has found various of idioms.
According to fernando6 he grouped idiom into three sub classes : Pure idioms,
semi idioms and literal idiom.
To translate idiom on this novel, translator will be deal with some or many
difficulties that are not easy to translate to target language. Translator often finds
difficulty on accuracy in target language. It will be good translation if an idiom
word in target language has similar meaning and form but it is rare to find
precisely equivalent words.
To obtain a good translation, translator has to know which strategies are
most appropriate to translate this novel and know the idiom words from both
target and source language also the function and characteristic of them.
So, from above explanation, researcher is interested to analyse idiomatic
word in Harry Potter and the Half blood prince novel which is translated by
translator into target language (Indonesia) using Mona Baker‟s theory. For the
purpose of research to analysed strategy of idiomatic expression
6 Chitra Fernando, Idioms and Idiomaticity( Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 1996)
p.35-36
4
B. Focus of the Research
The analysis is limited only to discuss translation strategy that used by
Indonesian translator in translating Idiomatic expression of from English to
Indonesian
C. Research Question
Based on the background of the study the research question are :
1. What types of strategies does translator use to translate idiomatic
expression in the Novel Harry Potter and The Half Blood Prince?
2. How to deal with meaning equivalencies in translating this novel?
D. Significance of the study
This research hopefuly can be advantage and give more knowledge on
idiomatic expression for the researcher himself and the readers since based on
researcher experience translating the idiomatic expression is quite difficult. The
researcher wants to know how profesional translator solve the problem they face
when they face with idiomatic expression.
E. Objective of the Research
Based on the research question, the the following is the purpose of the
research :
1. To Know the strategies that the transalator uses to translate idiomatic
translation in the Novel Harry Potter and The Half Blood Prince.
5
2. To find Strategy deal with meaning equivalencies in Translating idiomatic
expression in The Novel Harry Potter and The Half Blood Prince.
F. Methodology of the Reasearch.
1. Method of the Research
This research is using qualitative method to obtain the information which
contain idiomatic expression in order to find conclusion that are available in the
novel. The researcher attempted to explain the accuracy of translation from the
source language into target language.
2. Technique of Data Analyis
The collected data will be analyzed through qualitative analysis
techniques. The data analysis is applied by using theory Mona Baker to analyze
the text, based on a full and comprehensive study concerning the idiomatic
expression used in the novel.
3. The Unit of analysis
The unit of analysis of this research is the text of a novel entitled Harry
Potter and the Half Blood Prince especially the idiom contained.
4. Time and Venue
This research is begin on the tenth semester started from beginning of
march 2016 in Adab and Humanities Faculty, English Letter Department, The
State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta Ciputat.
6
CHAPTER II
IDIOMATIC TRANSALTION CONCEPT
A. Previous Research
There are some previous researches that is related to this research. The
first is the researcher about the accuracy, clarity and naturalness in the translation
of phrasal verb by Ratna Susilawati7 from Gunadarma University Jakarta entitled
Translation Analyis on English Phrasal Verb Into Indonesian In Mark Twain’s
Novel : “The adventures of Tom sawyer” . The results of Ratna susilawati‟s
research shows that the accuracy and the clarity of the phrasal verbs is above
average or good while the naturalness below average or poor. According to the
accuracy, clarity and naturalness are important features that should be possessed
by the translation in order to be good translation. The difference between this
research and Ratna Susilawati‟s reasearch is the theory, corpus and focused of the
research.
The second is the research about translation methods and meaning
equivalence of idiomatic phrasal verb by Windawati8 from state Islamic
University of Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta entitled Translation Methods and
Meaning Eqivalence Phrasal Verbs in X-MEN CLASS movie. The results of
Widawati‟s research shows that eight methods were used in translation. The most
7Ratna susilawati,hendra firmawwan,nurochman translation analysis on English Phrasal Verb into
Indonesian in mark twain’s novel :the Adventures of Tom Sawyer (Faculty of Letter Gunadarma University,2008) 8Windawati Translation methods and meaninng equivalence of idiomatic phrasal verbs in X-MEN
first class movie (Faculty of Letters and Humanities, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah,2015)
7
frequently method that been had found in her research are idiomatic,
communicative, faithful and semantic translation. In her research equivalence can
be classified into formal equivalence and dynamic equivalence. Her analysis
explained that dynamics equivalence was most collected in X-MEN movie as
dynamic more focus on the reader and target language.
The Third is the research journal about translation procedure of idiomatic
phrasal verb by nahid yaramadzehi, Ali Beikian and Fresteh Nadri9 from chabahar
Maritime University, Chabahar, Sistan Baluchestan Province, Iran entitled A
Study of Persian Translation of English Phrasal Verb in Harry Potter and the
Order of the phoenix. The result of their study showed that equuivalence is the
most frequent as well as the most successful translation procedure used in persian
translations. According to the mean of the score received of the accuracy, clarity
ad naturalness of the translation procedure.
From the previous research above, there are some similarities and
differences with this reasearch. First similarity from all the research including this
current research is focusing on idiomatic expression. The differences can be seen
in the aim of the research. First research purpose is to decribe the accuracy, clarity
and naturalness is the good way to translating text. The second research purposes
is to know methods and meaning equivalence between SL and TL, the last
research is focused on translation procedure. However, this current research is
focused on analyzing the transaltion strategy and to find out whether it is suitable
9Ali Beikian and Fresteh Nadri,A Study of Persian Translation of English Phrasal
Verb in Harry Potter and the Order of the phoenix. (chabahar Maritime
University,2013)
8
or not. The translation strategy used here is by Mona Baker which state that they
are :
1. Using an Idiom of similar meaning and form2. Using an Idiom of similar
meaning but dissimilar form3. Translation by Paraphrase, 4. Translation by
Omission
B. Theoritical Framework
1. Definition of Translation
There are many translation theorists that have their own definiton of
transaltion, it is depending how they view the transaltion. Based on the Cambridge
advanced Learner‟s Dictionary, translation is “something that is translated, or the
process of translating something, from one language to another. This theory also
has similar meaning by Hatim and Munday that state the translation as “the
process of transfering a written text from source language (SL) to target language
(TL)”.10
From both definition there is no explicit expression whether the meaning
or message that being transferred and both of theories are emphasis on translation
as process.
Meanwhile, larson stated “translation is an activity to translate the source
language into the target language or the language of recipient which is start the
first language using semantics structure language form of a second”. By the same
10Basil Hatim and Jeremy Munday Translation an advanced resource book ( New
York : Routledge,2004) p.6
9
token Nida and Taber in Choliludin11
adds “Translation as translating consist of
reproducing the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in
term of meaning and scondly in terms of style. They emphasis translation must be
sounds natural to target language.
C. The Objective of Translation
Nida states: He (the translator) is not content to translate in such a way that
the people are likely to understand rather he insist that the translation must be so
clear that no one can possibly misunderstand”
From that statement above, it can be said that translator must translate his
work to be focus in meaning not grammatical so the reader from target language
can catch the message and same impression as SL.
D. The Process of Translation
Translation a text is an activity that eed a process. Nida propose simpler
and more common transalting process illustrated in a scheme as follow :
11
Eugene A Nida and Charles R. Taber The Theory and Practice of Translation (Leiden : The United Bible society,1982) p.12
10
(Analysis) (Restructuring)
X TRANSFER Y
Figure 2 : Translation process by Nida and Taber (1974:33)
The explanation of the scheme as follows :
1. The translator has to read text from source language and figure out what the
meaning and the message of the text. It needs more time to read and also repeat to
read the text to get a clear grasp of the entire content.
2. The translator need to make analysis both through grammatical and meaning
analysis that covers the referential and connotative meaning.
3. Translator need to transfer message into the target language after finishing the
analysis of the text and understanding the message from source language. In this
stage translation is not perfect yet so the translator needs to consult to the more
professional person about figurative language and style to get a better translation.
4. in the last stage, the transalation must be applied with grammar of the target
language and maintain the meaning of the source language. After the process of
restructuring the transaltion has also been completed.
A (SOURCE) B (RECEPTOR)
11
E. Idiom
Amineh adelnia states “ Idioms are linguistic expression or lexical items
representing objects, concepts or phenomena of material life particular to a given
culture”12
. Larson state idiom is “ a string of words whose meaning is different
from the meaning conveyed by the individual word”13
. He also states that idiom
“carries certain emotive connotation not expresses in the other lexical items”14
.
Additionaly in Longman dictionary of English Idioms , Idioms are referred to as
“fixed group of words with a special different meaning from the meaning of the
separate words”. From above explanation it can say that idiom cannot be
translated literally because their won‟t be predicted from the usual meaning of
their consituentsand also most idioms don‟t have direct equivalents in other
languages since they are very cultural by nature and simply translating them
literally will result essentially nonsense in other language. For example the idiom
“Hold your tongue” refer to not say something hardly and in indonesian is
translated as “...kau harus tutup mulut” we can see that if this idiom will be
translated word by word as “... tahan lidahmu” it will make no sense to the
readers.
Mona Baker states in her book that idioms are frozen paterns of language
which allow little or no variation in form and often carry meanings which cannot
12
Amineh adelnia, Translation of idiom : A Hard Task for Translator, journal of English studies(university of isfahan,2011) p.1 13
Mildred L. Larson, Meaning Based Translation A Guide to Cross Language Equivalence(London and New York, University Press of America,1984) p. 20 14
IbidP.145
12
be deduced from their individual components15
. So by stating this definiton she
consider five condition for idioms which come as follow:
1. the order of the words in an idiom cannot be changed. The way the words are
put together is fixed and they cannot change their place.
2. The words in an idiom cannot be omitted. We as the users of the language are
not permitted to delete some of the words of a particular element.
3. There are no extra words that might be added to an idiom.
4. No words in an idiom can be replaced by another word.
5. The grammatical strctures of an idiom cannot also be changed.
F. Categorizing Idiom
According to Fernando16
, Idiom can be grouped into three sub classes :
Pure idioms, semi-idioms and literal Idioms.
1.Pure Idioms
A pure idiom is non literal meaning expression which cannot be easily changed.
The example is below:
SL : Hi Tim, Break a Leg for tonight.
TL : Hi Tim, semoga suskes malam ini.
15
Mona Baker In Other Words : A course Book on Translation(London: Routledge,1992) P.63 16
Chitra Fernando loc.cit.
13
From the term above we know that “Break a Leg” is pure idiom, because its real
meaning has nothing to do with with leg. Here is another example of pure idioms :
Kick the bucket, hit the sack
2. Semi-Idiom
A semi-Idiom is an idiom that has at least one word that has literal meaning for
example:
SL : Let‟s give a Big Hand for our new Manager.
TL : Mari beri Tepuk Tangan Pada Manager baru kita.
The example above is one example of a semi-idiom, in which big is the non literal
element while the word Hand is used literally. Here is example for semi idiom
words : middle of nowehere, Fish out of water.
3. Literal Idioms
Literal idioms semantically is not complex like two other of above idioms and it‟s
easy to understand even for one who is not familiar with the expression.
SL : Julia is about coming out of her room.
TL : Julia baru saja keluar dari kamarnya.
From the above example, the idiom of “coming out” will easily understand
because it uses the literal words. here is another example: Pull up,push down
G. Idiomatic Phrasal Verb
14
Idiomatic expression is special part of language because of their unique
pattern that different from literal meaning. Idiomatic expression is usualy use in
casual condition in daily life.
According to della summers “Idiomatic expression add color to the
language, helping to emphasize meaning and to make observation,judgement and
explanation lively and interesting. They are also very useful tools for
communicating a great deal of meaning in just a few words”17
Beekman and callow states that idiomatic expression is an expression two
or more words that cannot be understood literally and semantically and the
idiomatic expression has unity function.18
In other word for above explanation, the researcher conclude that
idiomatic expression is combination of words that is has different meaning from
their individual word which create new meaning.
Wyatt states “definition of phrasal verb is formed from two(or sometimes
three ) parts of a verb, and adverb or preposition. These adverbs and preposition
are often called particles when they are used in phrasal verb”19
in addition palmer
give an example “combination of verb plus adverb such as make up,give in,put
down”20
17
Della summers,longman american dictionary (pearson education limited 1999) 18
Beekman,and john callow translating the word of God (Grand rapids zondervan,1974) 19
Rawdon Wyatt, check your english vocabulary for phrasal verb and idiom (London,A & C black publisher ltd,2006) 20
Frank R. Palmer The English Verb ( London, Longman Group UK Limited,1987)
15
H. Translation Strategy of Idiomatic Expression
In translating process, some translator will be face difficulties on
translating idiom. Baker21
summarized the difficulties such as : (a) an idiom or
fixed expression may have no equivalent in the target language, (b) an idiom or
fixed expression may have a similar counterpart in the target language, but its
context of use maybe different; the two expression may have different
connotations, for instance, or they may not be pragmatically transferable, (c) an
idiom may be used in the source language in both its literal and idiomatic senses
at the same time and this play on idiom my not be successfully reproduced in the
target language and the convention regarding idioms in written discourse, the
contexts in which they can be used and their frequency of use may be different in
the source language and target language.
In addition, according to machali22
translator might be mistaken in losing
the tone or meaning of idioms in translating them as they think of the idioms as
ordinary expressions. Therefore, in order to transfer the messages of idioms to be
translated accurately and efficiently, the translator must choose the most
appropriate strategy.
Therefore Baker proposed four idiom translation strategies in her book “In Other
Words : A course book on Translation23
. The idiom translation strategies are using
21
Baker Op.Cit., 68 22
Rochayah Machali Pedoman Bagi Penerjemah( Bandung, Kaifa, 2009) p.3 23
Baker Op.Cit., 40
16
an idiom of similar meaning and form, using an idiom of similar meaning but
dissimilar form,Translation by paraphrase, and translation omission.
1. Using an idiom of similar meaning and form
This strategy is to translate idioms by using an idiom very similar in its
form and meaning to the source language idiom. It must express roughly the same
meaning and be of equivalent lexical items. For the example :
SL : Neville has a big heart so everyone like him,
TL : Neville seorang berhati besar sehingga banyak orang yang menyukainya.
The idiom Big Heart whic means to be kind and generoustranslated into
indonesian to be berhati besar because both of target language and source
language has the same structure.
2.Using an Idiom of Similar Meaning with Dissimilar Form
Idiom or fixed expression in the target language which has a meaning
similar to that of source idiom or expression but which consists of different lexical
item. For the Example :
SL : They were playing cat and mouse in the field.
TL : Mereka bermain petak umpat di lapangan.
The idiom playing cat and mouse which means „alternate kind of behavior
when dealing with someone,often it matters of pursuit‟ can be translated into
bermain petak umpetwhich has similar meaning with the target language.
17
3. Translation by Paraphrase
According to baker the third strategy of idiom which is by paraphrase is
most common strategies to translate idioms because sometimes it‟s difficult to
find equivalent of idiom in target language because of different stylistic
preferences of the source and target languages. For the example :
SL : It‟s a piece of cake to pass the exam since I have studied two month in
advance.
TL : Hal yang mudah lulus dari ujian karena saya telah belajar dua bulan
sebelumnya.
The Idiom a piece of cake which means easy has no match idiom with
similar preference in target language. If it translate literally it become “sepotong
kue”so it paraphrased into mudah which more suitable in target language over
translated by using literal translation.
4.Translation by Omission
According to baker 24
omission is allowed only in some cases : First, when
there is no close equivalent in the target language ;secondly when it is difficult to
paraphrase ; finally an idiom maybe omitted for stylistic reasons. For example:
SL : She might get up the juice to kiss me
TL : Dia mungkin akan menicum saya.
24
Baker. Op Cit.,77
18
Since there is no equivalent in target language and it‟s difficult to be paraphrased
as well so the idiom can be translated by using omission.
I. Equivalence in Translation
Equivalence is an important thing in translation because every translator
always aim for meaning equivalence. Many scholars put the equivalence as most
important parts for the translation. Equivalence translation occurs when source
language and target language are related to the same relevant features of sitaution
substance.
According to25
nida argued that there are two different types of
equivalence namely formal correspondence and dynamic equivalence.
1. Formal Correspondence
Formal correspondence is a equivalence theory that focus attention on the
message itself in both form and content, its main objective is to match the form
and content of the message as closely as possible.26
From the definiton it can be
conclude that the message in receptor culture is always be compared with source
language and it can be said that formal correspondence is an theory that focused
on source languge.
2. Dynamic Equivalence
25
Eugene A. Nida and Charles R. Taber The Theory and Practice of Translation (Leiden :E.J Brill,1964 ) p. 12 26
Eugene A NidaToward science of Translating (Leiden :E.J Brill,1964 ) P.159
19
Nida states that the goal of dynamic equivalence is to produce the closest
natural equivalent to the source-language message.27
From the definition it can be
conclude that dynamic equivalence is more focused sense of naturalness of
translation in target language. The naturalness can make the works is more
readable fo the readers.
27
Eugene A Nida Op.cit. p.166
20
CHAPTER III
A. DATA DESCRIPTION
In this Chapter researcher tabulates the data which are the idiomatic
expressions in the Novel of Harry Potter and The Half Blood Princeby J.K
Rowling which translated in Indonesian Harry Potter dan Pangeran Berdarah
Campuran oleh Listiana Srisanti. The researcher tried to tabulated the collecting
data thorugh the following table:
NO IDIOMATIC
EXPRESSION IN SL
IDIOMATIC
EXPRESSION IN
TL
CATEGORIES
OF IDIOMS IN
SL
IDIOM
TRANSLATION
STRATEGIES
1 How On Earth Bagaimana
Mungkin
Pure Idioms Translation by
Paraphrase
2 Giving Leg-up Memberi
dukungan
Pure Idioms Translation by
Paraphrase
3. Catch the Eye Berkontak Mata Literal Idioms Similar
Meaning but
disimilar form
4 Call it day Anggap cukup Pure Idioms Translation by
Paraphrase
5. Hold your Tongue Tutup Mulut Pure Idioms Translation by
paraphrase
21
6 Hold against Jangan
Menyalahkan
Pure Idioms Translating by
Paraphrase
7 Take off hat Angkat Topi Pure Idioms Similar
meaning with
similar form
8 Rub it in Diulang-ulang Pure Idioms Translation by
Paraphrase
9. Having A word Bicara Pure Idiom Translation by
Paraphrase
10. Not Right in the
Head
Tidak Beres
dengan otaknya
Literal Idiom Translation by
Paraphrase
B. Data Analysis
From the tabulated data,there are ten data of idioms. The researcher will
try to analyze and classify the idiomatic expression by using relevant theory, then
analyze the translation strategies used in the translation whether they deal with the
meaning equivalence or not.
Datum1
SL How on earth was his government
supposed to have stopped that bridge
collapsing?
P. 1
22
TL Bagaimana Mungkin pemerintahnya
diharapkan bisa mencegah jembatan itu
ambruk.
P.10
From the data above, the Idiom How on Earthis classified into Pure
Idioms. The Idiom is translated into Bagaimana Mungkin in target language. The
speaker uses this expression when he can believe about the situation that happen.
After knowing the meaning in translation and understanding the type, the
strategy used for translating this idiom is by paraphrase. It could be seen from
translation “How On Earth” was translated into “Bagaimana Mungkin”which is
more understandable for reader to cath the meaning rather than translate it by
using literal translation.
In this translation, Translator uses dynamic equivalent because it showed
from the use of common word in target language that make it easy to understand
by reader.
Datum 2.
SL The ministry‟s littered with slughorn‟s old favourites,
he was always good at giving leg-ups
p.70
TL Kementrian dipenuhi mantan murid-murid favorit
slughorn, dia memang pintar memberi dukungan.
p.11
23
This idiomatic expression, is classified into pure idiom, this type of idiom
cannot be understood from individual words. The Translator using Baker‟s Third
strategy translation by paraphrase because the form and the words in target
language are different from source language. The meaning of Giving Leg-Ups
according to Merriam Webster dictionary is to give someone an advantage over
others. In the context of the novel, to describe the treat of their teacher that give an
advantage for his favourite student to get job. In target language is suitable with
meaning of target language.
This translation also using dynamic equivalence because translator not
directly translated into target language but find out the real meaning first in the
source language and find the correct words in target language that is suitable.
Datum 3
SL but Harry knew he was trying to catch the eye of the
curvy and attractive barmaid, Madam Rosmeta
P.206
TL Tetapi Harry tahu dia sedang berusaha berkontak-
mata dengan Madam Rosmeta.
P.313
The idiom of catch the eye typed into literal idiom, because both of the
words are use literal meaning. The word catch which means to attract and hold;
to make a contact with and the eye also has literal meaning and if it translated into
Indonesian become berkontak mata. The translator applies Baker‟s first strategy
by similar meaning and form. Therefore this translation dealt with fromal
24
correspondence because the message of the translation is still keeping the natural
meaning from the source language.
Datum 4.
SL Shall we call it a day and go back to school,then? P.207
TL Bagaimana kalau kita anggap cukup dan kita kembali
ke sekolah
P.314
From the data above the idiom “call it a day”is classified into pure idiom.
The idiom is translated into “anggap cukup” in target language. This expression is
using by Hermione granger when she persuade her friend to finish the topic of the
conversation and go back to school.
After knowing the meaning of the translation of the idiom, the strategy
that used to translate this idiom is translation by paraphrase. It could be seen by
translation “call it a day” was translated into “anggap cukup”that was more
understandable for readers rather than translating by using literal meaning.
The translation is dealt with dynamic equivalence because the translator is
not directly translate the idiom into target language but they search the real
meaning first in source language and find the correct and find the correct words
that more acceptable in target language.
25
Datum 5
SL Then you ought to Hold your tongue P.21
TL Kalau begitu kau harus tutup Mulut P.314
The idiomatic words “Hold your tongue”is classified as pure idiom which
cannot be translated by using literal translation. The translator is using Baker‟s
third strategy which is Translation by Paraphrase. This idiom is using
paraphrase strategy because the form and the words in the target language is
different from the source language. The meaning Hold your tongue according to
Macmillan Dictionarywas to say nothing although you want to speak. In the
context of the novel, the speaker used this expression to tell not say anything. So
the idiom “Hold your tongue” translated into “tutup mulut”is suitable with the
real meaning in source language.
The translation also dealt with dynamic equivalence because it shows
from the use of the common word in the target language.
Datum 6
SL Don‟t go holding that against me ! you‟ll be
Gryffindor like her, I suppose.
P.58
TL Jangan menyalahkanku karena itu! Kau Gryffindor
seperti dia,Kukira.
P.95
26
From the data above the idiom “Holding that against me”is classified into
pure idiom. The idiom is translated into “menyalahkanku” in target language.
This expression is used by slughorn when he had conversation with Harry Potter.
After knowing the meaning in translation and understanding the type, the
strategy used to translate this idiom is translation by paraphrase. It could be seen
from translation “Holding it against me” was translated into
“menyalahkanku”that was more understandable for readers rather than translating
by using literal meaning.
The translation is dealt with dynamic equivalence because the translator
is not directly translate the idiom into target language but they search the real
meaning first in source language and find the correct and find the correct words
which more acceptable in target language.
Datum 7
SL I take my hat off to you-or I would, if I were not
afraid of showering you in spider.
P.65
TL Aku akan angkat Topi untukmu-atau akan, kalau aku
tidak takut menghujanimu dengan labah-labah.
P.104
The idiom “take my hat off”was type into literal idiom because both of
the words are use literal meaning. the word hat and topi is similiar in meaning
27
and the form of the language also has similarity so researcher can conclude that
this translation is using Baker‟s first strategy similar meaning with similar form.
The expression of take my hat off usually said by somone who give a respect to
other people.
This expression is dealt with formal correspondence because the
message of the translation is still keeping the natural meaning from the source
language.
Datum 8
SL D‟you have to rub it in, Hermione? How d‟you think I
feel about that now?
P.530
TL Apakah masih perlu diulang-ulang lagi,Hermione?
Bagaimana menurutmu perasaanku tentang itu
sekarang?
P.796
The idiomatic expressionwas classified into pure idiom. The idiom rub it
inwas translated into diulan-ulang in target language. The researcher analyzed that
the translator applied Baker‟s Third Strategy of translation idiom by Paraphrasing
the idiom due to There are no identical word to translate rub it in in the target
language.
28
For this idiomatic expression the translator is dealt with dynamic
equivalence because the translator paraphrasing the meaning of the word so it
more readable.
Datum 9
SL I‟m going to be having a word with them about who
they let buy their products.
P.514
TL Aku harus bicara dengan mereka soal siapa saja yang
sebaiknya mereka izinkan membeli produk mereka.
P.774
The above idiomatic expression can be classified as pure idioamtic word
because it cannot be translated by using literal translation. However it used the
third Baker‟s strategy which is translation by Paraphrase. The idiom was
translate into target languageonly one word “bicara”.
The translation is using dynamic equivalence to make the translation
more natural for target language reader.
29
Datum 10
SL That‟ll be the son, I told you he‟s not right in the
head.
P.176
TL Pasti anak laki-lakinya, Kan sudah kubilang ada yang
tidak beres dengan otaknya.
P.266
From the data above the idiom “Right in the head”is classified into
Literal idiom. The idiom is translated into “tidak beres dengan otaknya” in
target language. This expression is used by character on this Novel Tom Riddle
when he pass by the house of Mr. Gaunt.
After knowing the meaning in translation and understanding the type, the
strategy that used to translate this idiom is translation by paraphrase. It could be
seen by translation “Right in the head” was translated into “tidak beres dengan
otaknya” that was more understandable for readers rather than translating by
using literal meaning.
The translation is dealt with dynamic equivalence because the translator
not directly translate the idiom into target language, but they searching the real
meaning first in source language and find the correct and find the correct words
which more acceptable in target language.
30
BAB IV
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
After analyzing the data and based on the research findings, the researcher
found two types of idiomatic expression in the SL which were pure idiom and and
literal idiom. It shows that pure idiom was the most used idiom category in the
novel. From this study the researcher concludes that the translation of idiom is one
of most difficult challanges for translator. Therefore, translator should know some
strategies to translate the idiom because the selection of appropriate idiomatic
translation can affect the acuracy of translation.
The researcher only found three out of four strategy that used to translating
the idiom which were translation by similar meaning with similar form, similar
meaning with dissimilar form, Translation by paraphrase. The most frequent
strategy that translator used is to translate idiom words from English into
Indonesian is translating by paraphrase, since they are most common way to
translate idioms.
There are two types of equivalence which are used in the movie, there are
formal correspondence and dynamic equivalence.the analysis explains that
dynamic equivalence which was most collected in the novel. This translation is
often used dynamic equivalence in this novel, as dynamic focuses more on the
reader and target language. The impact of using dynamic equivalence in
translation is make reader more understand the translation. Therefore it can be
31
concluded that good translation is when reader could fully understand the message
from the source language.
B. Suggestion
According to the conclusion above, the researcher gives some suggestion
as below:
1. For The Researcher who are interested in idiomatic translation since the
idiomatic translation drawing the attention to be explored, it is necessary
to conduct further study. Therefore, it is expected for the researcher to
develop their research regarding idiomatic translation.
2. For college student who are interested in idiomatic translation, from this
study researcher hopes that this study can help them to do research in the
field of idiomatic expression.
32
30
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Books :
Basil, Hatim Jeremy Munday (2004) Translation an Advance Resource Book.
London:Routledge.
Beekman,John and John Callow (1974) Translating the Word of God. Grand
Rapids:Zondervan
Baker, Mona (1992) In Other Words : A course Book on Traslation. London
:Routledge.
Larson, L Mildred Meaning Based Translation A Guide To Cross Languae
Equivalence (1984) London : London and New York, University Press of America
Nida, Eugene and Charles R. Taber (1974) The Theory and Practice of
Translation Vol VIII Helps For Translator. Netherland EJ Brill,Leiden
Palmer, R Frank (1987) The English Verb London :Longman Group
Wyatt Rawdon, Check your english Vocabulary for Phrasal Verb and Idiom
(2006) London:A&C Publisher.