Download - TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013
![Page 1: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
THE BRAIN
![Page 2: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
All your…
![Page 3: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
![Page 7: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• 3 pounds of squidgy, whitish, buttery gloop…. cytoplasm• 1500ml• 3 times bigger than any ape or
Australopithecus
![Page 11: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• 30 billion neurons (fire in patterns)
Each with about 5000 dendrites; synaptic connections in 3d space
WE DO NOT HAVE A CONVINCING OVERARCHING THEORY FOR HOW IT WORKS YET
![Page 13: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Smart ape
Embodied
![Page 14: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Mind on the hoof: 4Fs
![Page 15: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Embedded
…in a specific culture
![Page 16: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Umwelt: sensory world
![Page 17: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Ultraviolet
![Page 18: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Olfactory
![Page 19: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Tactile
![Page 20: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Infra red
![Page 21: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Auditory – Echolocation
![Page 22: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
•What is it like to be a bat?
![Page 23: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
subsonic sound
![Page 24: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Color Vision
![Page 25: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Psychedelic Umwelt of hyperspectral color and polarized light
![Page 26: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Electrical fields
![Page 27: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
![Page 28: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Extended phenotype
![Page 30: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
![Page 33: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
![Page 34: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Language and social learning
![Page 40: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
7. “My second favorite organ”
![Page 42: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
• 30 billion neurons (fire in patterns)
Each with about 5000 dendrites synaptic connections in 3d space
WE DO NOT HAVE A CONVINCING OVERARCHING THEORY FOR HOW IT WORKS YET
![Page 43: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
![Page 44: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Synapse
![Page 45: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Interesting bits
![Page 46: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Sensory
![Page 48: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Dinner napkin cerebral cortex
![Page 50: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Cerebral cortex
![Page 51: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
?
![Page 52: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
?
![Page 53: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Neuroscience—a golden age
• Like ocean unchartered territory
![Page 54: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Baby brainTwice the number of neurons!
Very few connections
![Page 55: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Ship coming out of the fog
• Newborn
• 4 weeks
• 8 weeks
• 3 months
• 6 months
![Page 56: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
10. Neural Darwinism
![Page 57: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
![Page 58: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Selection
1. More connections produced than needed
2. Competing for limited nutients and O2
3. Neurons that fire together wire together
4. Use or lose… brain constructs itself by the logic of evolution and embryology; not analogous to a manufactured computer
• 600 phonemes at birth
• 45 per language
![Page 59: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Active Perception
• Fuzzy input-degeneracy
![Page 60: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Mind on the hoof: 4Fs
![Page 61: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
INFERENCE MACHINE
• What if?
• Living in the subjunctive tense?
• Scientific method: wet-wired?
• Curiosity/Creativity?
• Making it up as we go along (on the fly)?
• Who do we think we are?
![Page 62: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
![Page 63: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
![Page 64: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Adolescent brain
![Page 65: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
![Page 66: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
![Page 67: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
TAKE HOMES
• 1. Embodied and embedded
• 2. Construct self (brain) based on experienceNeural Darwinism
• 3. Neuroscience in infancy (excited about new discoveries)
• 4. The brain is not a computer WHY?
• 5. Spotting patterns/makes predictions/fuzzy metaphor and language precedes logic
![Page 68: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
ONLY ONCE IN THE WORLD…
• We are only once in the world, thrown into a situation that we have not chosen. Randomly tossed into a specific period and place. We do choose our particular geographic, historic, linguistic, cultural or socio-economic backdrop. We are left in the lurch, so to speak, only to do our utmost, with the hand dealt, during a finite span between the contingency of birth, and the certainty of death.
![Page 69: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
![Page 70: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
It will be short. The Interim is mine; And a man’s life no more than to say ‘one.’
Shakespeare: Hamlet. (V.2. 73-75)
![Page 71: TOK Brain Powerpoint 2013](https://reader035.vdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022062405/556642d4d8b42a3b398b4a6f/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)