Download - Undestanding cash flow statement
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
How to Read Cash Flow Statement
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
What is Cash Flow Statement?
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
It is a statement which provides information about the historical changes in cash and cash equivalent of the entity.
It provides the user of financial information with a basis on which to assess the ability of the entity to generate cash and its needs to utilise that cash.
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
A statement of cash flows classifies cash flows during the period into:
•Operating activity
• Investing activity and
•Financing activity
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
Definitions
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
Cash comprises cash on hand and demand deposits
Cash equivalents are held for meeting short term cash commitments rather than for investment or other purpose. For an investment to qualify as cash equivalent it must be:
•Readily convertible to a known amount of cash i.e. it has short maturity and•Subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
Operating Activities are the principal revenue producing activities of the enterprise and other activities that are not investing or financing activities.
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
Investing Activities are the acquisition and disposal of long-term asset and other investments not included in cash equivalent.
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
Financing Activities are the activities that result in changes in the size and composition of equity capital and borrowings of the enterprise.
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
What do these Activities indicate?
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
Operating Activities
It indicates to what extent the operations of entity have generated cash flows which are available for use in other activities.
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
Investing Activities
It indicates extent of expenditure made in resources intended to generated future income and cash flows.
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
Financing Activities
It is useful in predicting the claims that outside providers of capital will have over the future cash flows.
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
How to evaluate cash flows from these activities?
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
Operating Activities
Since this activity represents internal cash generation it is always better to have positive and increasing cash flows from operating activity.
Negative cash flows from this activity indicates that the entity is incurring cash losses
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
Investing Activities
Since this activity indicates flow of investment in and out of business for future profit generation, it is better to have negative cash flow here i.e. outflow.
Positive cash flow or inflow of cash in this activity indicates that the entity is selling its resources to generate cash, which is not good.
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
Financing Activities
This activity indicates change in capital structure i.e. equity or borrowing. While there is a limit to increase the equity capital (authorised share capital) the major volatile component here is borrowing
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
Financing Activities
Negative cash flow i.e. outflow in this activity would mean that the entity is reducing its debt, there by reducing interest burden which is quite good.
Positive cash flow here indicates increasing debt burden, which should be avoided.
Roshankumar S PimpalkarEmail: [email protected]
Comparison of cash flow statement of more than one year can easily help to assess the solvency and liquidity position of an entity.
Roshankumar S Pimpalkar