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Author:
CONNIE MARIO FIDALGO
BASIC SKILLS FOR E.F.L ( English as a foreign language)
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INTRODUCCIN
Por lo que se refiere al nmero de habitantes, el ingles sehalla junto con el espaol, el chino y el ruso, a la cabeza de lacompleja lista de no menos de 5.000 lenguas habladasactualmente en el mundo. La importancia literaria, cultural,econmica y poltica de estas lenguas es enorme, como lo estambin el papel que desempea como instrumentos derelacin internacional.
El Ingls ocupa, sin lugar a dudas, un sitio de preferencia en elabanico de idiomas que se habla en el mundo. Se puede decirque mas de 300 millones de personas lo tienen como lenguamaterna, habiendo llegado a convertirse, incluso, en segundalengua en numerosos pases.
Como idioma, el ingls ha variado considerablemente en los1.500 aos de su existencia. Se form en Gran Bretaadespus de su invasin por un grupo de tribus germnicas; apartir de entonces a sufrido una evolucin constante hastaalcanzar el grado de desarrollo que hoy conocemos.
Nos enfrentamos al aprendizaje de una nueva lengua y por esodebemos comprender que los idiomas no se puedentraducir;los debemos entender para as poder hacer parte de unanueva cultura.
En las pginas que siguen se ofrece un temario que contienelas bases fundamentales para el estudio del Ingles. Para unoptimo aprendizaje debes seguir las instrucciones y practicara diario para as acostumbrar tu odo a esta lengua quedesconoces.
La fontica tambin es muy importante, una pronunciacincorrecta es bsica para una conversacin clara y amena.
Disfruta del curso, y ANIMO!!!
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A - B - C - D - E - F - G - H - I - J - K
ei bi ci di i ef yi eich ai yei kei
L - M - N - O - P - Q - R - S - T - U - V
el em en ou pi qiu ar es ti iu vi
W - X - Y - Z
doble-iu ecs uai zet-zi
A - E - I - O - U
ei i ai ou iu
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
one two three four five six seven eight nine
10 11 12 13 14 15 16
ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen
17 18 19 20 21
seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty twenty-one
30 40 50 60 70 80 90
thirty fourty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety
100 1.000 10.000
one-hundred one-thousand ten-thousands
100.000 1.000000
one hundred-thousands one-million
1ST
FIRST
2ND
SECOND
3RD
THIRD
4TH
FOURTH5TH
FIFTH
6TH
SIXTH
7 TH
SEVENTH
8TH
EIGHTH 9TH
NINTH10TH
TENTH
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Pets :
Parrot - Hamsters - Canarys - Dog - Cat - Bunny - Lizards
Turtle - Gold Fish ...
Farm Animals :
Pig - Rooster - Hen - Chick - Sheep - Lamb - Goose - CowGoat - Duck Horse - Donkey ...
Forest Animals :
Bat - Owl - Spider - Snake - Frog - Mouse - Fox - Racoon
Schunk Squirrel - Porcupine - Eagle - Deer - Moose - Bear ...
Zoo Animals :
Whale - Dolphins - Seals - Pinguins - Polar Bear - Koala - Kangaroo
Panda - Camel Alligator - Monkeys - Lions - Tigers - Hippopotamus
Rhinoceros - Zebra - Giraffe Elephants ...
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Circle Triangle
Square Rectangle
Oval Diamond
Heart Star
Red - Blue - Yellow - Green - Orange - Brown
Black - White - Pink - Gray - Gold - Silver - Purple
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Rainny - Windy - Cloudy - Foggy
Stormy - Cold - Warm - Sunny
Humid
Spring = March 21 / June 21
Summer = June 21 / September 21
Fall = September 21 / December 21
Winter = December 21 / March 21
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Head Hair Face Neck
Eyes Eyebrows Eyelashes Ears
Nose Mouth Teeth Tongue
Chin Cheek Shoulders Arms
Elbows Hands fingers
Chest Stomach Buttocks
Legs Knees Feet Back
Skin Nails
Shirt - T/Shirt - Blouse - Sweater - Coat - Jacket - Dress
Rain coat - Under wear - Pajamas - Suit - Skirt - Pants - Sweat
pants - Sweat shirt - Shorts - Overalls - Gloves - Scarf - Tie
Purse - Belt - Cap - Slippers - Bathrobe - Hat - Swimming suitSneakers - High heals - Sandals - Socks - Shoes - Tight...
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This is a house
Arm chair - Sofas - Carpet - Fire place - Telephone
Living Room Courtain - Pictures - Picture frames - Cd/Cassettes...
Dinning Romm Dinning table - Table cloth - Napkins - Chair - Chandeliers....
Bed Room Bed - Cover - Blanket - Pillows - Quilt - Shelf - Dresser - Night table
Lamp - Rug - Courtains - Mirror - Picture frames - Clock - Fan - Radio...
Toilet - Toilet paper - Scale - Trash can - Tissues - Towel - Bath mat
Bathcourtain - Tooth paste - Tooth brush - Shower - Sink - Bathtub
Bath Room Mirror - Faucet - Comb - Hair brush - Soap - Shampoo - Conditioner
Shaver - Shaving cream...
Sink - Stove - Oven - Microwave - Toaster - Refrigerator - Cupboard
Kitchen Table - Pots - Aprons - Pans - Plates - Bowls - Cutlery ( forks, knifes and
spoons ) Food - Cleaning cloth, dishes ...
Yard Flowers - Plants -Trees - Playground - Pool...
Chimney
Roof
Window
Doorbell
Door
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Air plane - Bus - Taxi - Car - Campers - Van
Truck - Motorcycle - Subway - Ambulance
Police Car - Helicopter - Sail Boat - Ship ...
School - Office - Police Station - Library - Museum - Fire Station
Train Station - Factory - Bank - Mall - Hospitals - Post Office
Laundry - Air Port - Restaurants - Movie Theatre - Hair Salon
Super Market - Flower Shop - Video Store - Departament Store
Bakery - Book Store - Toy Store - Discotec...
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Cheff - Baker - Sales Clerk - Florist - Bank Teller - Business Person
Secretary - Factory Worker - Taxi Driver - Nurse - Doctor
Dentist - Mail Carrier - Fire Fighter - Veterinarian
Pharmacist - Farmer - Fisher Man - Police Officer - Astronaut
Pilot - Weather Forecaster - Photographer - Artist - NewsReporter - Singer - Coach - Movie Star - Programmer
Engineer - Teacher - Student - Scientist - Principal - Librarian
Construction Worker - Carpenter - Mechanic - Garbage Collector
Esthetisist ...
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Mountains - Volcanos - Water Falls - Islands - Rivers - Beach - Sea
Hill - City - Forests - Deserts - Fields - Lakes - Farms - Village ...
North - South - East - West
Asia - Afica - North America - South America - Australia - AntarcticaEurope .
Indian Ocean - Antarctic Ocean - Arctic Ocean - Atlantic Ocean - Pacific Ocean
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* Note: All the sentences must beggin withcapital letters.
EXAMPLE:Juliana walks to the school . =
s a p
Nouns: propper nouns: Juan, Claudia, Cali, Colombia...
Common nouns: Chair, Table, Pencil, Dog, Cow.
Pronouns:
Verbs Regular verbs: Past tense + ED
Irregular verbs: You have to learnthe list
Complement of the sentence.
This is an example of apresent affirmative sentence.
////////// SINGULAR PLURAL
1oST PERSON I WE
2oND PERSON YOU YOU
3oRD PERSON HE, SHE, IT THEY
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EXAMPLE: Does Juliana walk to the school ?
au s a p =
Be - Am - Are - Is
Have - Has
Do - Does
Can - Could
Will - Would
Shall - Should
May - Might
always
This is an example of apresent interrogative sentence.
EXAMPLE :
Juliana does not walk to the school =s au n a p
NO
NOT
This is an example of a present negative sentence .
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PRESENT
AFFIRMATIVE
SHORT
FORM
NEGATIVE
FORM QUESTION
I am I m I am not Am I ?
You are You re You are not Are you ?
He is He s He is not Is he ?
She is She s She is not Is she ?
It is It s It is not Is it ?
We are We re We are not Are we ?
You are You re You are not Are you ?
They are They re They are not Are they ?
Verb to be + Main verb + ing
EXAMPLES: I am walking around the park .
Im walking around the park.
I am not walking around tha park.
Am I walking around the park?
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PRESENT
AFFIRMATIVE
SHORT
FORM
NEGATIVE
FORM WITH DO
PAST
PARTICIPLE
I have I ve I havent I dont have I have done
You have You ve You havent You dont have You have come
He has He has He hasnt He doesnt have She has been
She has She has She hasnt She doent have He has beenIt has It has It hasnt It doesnt have It has begun
We have We ve We haven t We dont have We have forgotten
You have You ve You havent You dont have You have come
They have They ve They havent They dont have They have sent
Verb to have + past participle
EXAMPLES:
I have done all my work.
I havent done my work .
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PRESENT PAST PAST PARTICIPLE
Be Was Been
Become Became Become
Begin Began Begun
Blow Blew Blown
Bring Brought Brought
Burn Burned BurnedBuy Bought Bought
Can Could Could
Catch Caught Caught
Choose Chose Chosen
Come Came Come
Cut Cut CutDo Did Done
Drink Drank Drunk
Drive Drove Driven
Eat Ate Eaten
Feel Felt Felt
Find Found Found
Forget Forgot Forgotten / Forgot
Get Got Got / Gotten
Give Gave Given
Go Went Gone
Hang Hung Hung
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PRESENT PAST
PAST
PARTICIPLE
Have Had Had
Hear Heard Heard
Keep Kept Kept
Know Knew Known
Lead Led Led
Leave left Left
Lend Lent Lent
Let let LetLose Lost Lost
Make Made Made
May Might Might
Mean Meant Meant
Meet Met Met
Must Must Must
Put Put Put
Read Read Read
Ring Rang Rung
Rise Rose Risen
Run Ran Run
Say Said Said
See Saw SeenSell Sold Sold
Send Sent Sent
Shine Shone Shone
Sit Sat Sat
Sleep Slept Slept
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PRESENT PAST PASTPARTICIPLE
Speak Spoke Spoken
Spend Spent Spent
Stand Stood Stood
Take Took Taken
Tell Told Told
Think Thought Thought
Throw Threw Thrown
Understand Understood Understood
Wear Wore Worn
Win Won Won
Write Wrote Written
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Going Through Customs:
Here is my documentation.
They are for my own use.
Must I pay something?
Is everything alright?
Where can I get my luggage?
Wheres the exit ( or the way out)?
At The Hotel:
Im Mr ( Mrs, Miss )..
Im looking for a room for tonight.Do you have any rooms free?
Id like to see the room first.
I dont like it.
Ill have it.
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Ill be here for at least... days.
How much do you charge per day?
Bring my things up please.
I need...Wait a moment.
Heres your tip.
Come in.
Is there anything for me?
Make out my bill please.
Social Dealings:
Whats your name?
My name is...
I dont Know.I dont think so.
Not very much.
Very good.
Very well ( or fine )
Thats all.This way.
The sooner the better.
Im glad.
Dont forget.
Its very funny.
Thank you.
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Really?
Listen.
Hey !
How nice.
Of course ( Of course not ).
Good luck.
How awful.
How boring.
How strange.
It doesnt matter.You are wrong.
Dont bother.
Its no trouble.
Can I help you?
Youre welcome.Please sit down.
You are very kind.
Excuse me... Im very sorry.
Im glad to see you.
We enjoyed ourselfs very much.
Thank you for your hospitality.
May I?
Its a pleasure to meet you.
How are you?
See you later ( or sometime )
Hello - Good Bye.
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Problems:
I dont understand.Please repeat it.
Please speak more slowly.
Please write it down.Whats the matter?
What do you want?
Where are you going?
Could you help me please?
I need a police officer.
Who are you?What are you doing here?
I dont know you ( or him / her ).
What have I done?
It wasnt I.
Go away.
Are you talking to me?What should I do?
Do I have to wait for long?
I m in a hurry.
I have no idea.