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United States Constitution
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Journal
What is the purpose of a government?
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Federalists vs. Anti-federalists
• Federalists- Those who wanted a large federal government and had many issues with the Articles of Confederation.
• Anti-federalists- Those who did not want a large federal government. They wanted the majority of the power to go to the individual states.
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Constitutional Convention
• Purpose of the meeting – to revise the Articles of Confederation
• 55 delegates from 12 states participated (Rhode Island did not)
• G. Washington was quickly voted president of the convention
• Two plans are proposed…
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Virginia Plan
• Proposed the following;– Strong central govt.– Three branches
• Legislative, executive, judicial– Legislative branch would consist of 2 houses
• Representation would be based on population of the state
– Executive branch would consist of 3 people
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New Jersey Plan
• Favored the smaller states• Proposed the following;
– one legislative house• Representation should be equal – two per
state– Congress should have all the power
• Allowed to raise money and regulate commerce
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The Great Compromise
• After much debate, a decision was made
• Three Branch Government
• Executive Branch – one person known as the President
• Legislative Branch – two houses
• One based on population of the state
• One equal number (2) of representatives per state
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Creating Your Venn Diagram• Fold your paper in half – (hamburger)
• On the top portion ONLY, cut it 2 times to create 3 sections
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Creating Your Venn Diagram
• Draw 2 circles – one toward the left side, the other towards the right
• Make sure the circles overlap in the middle section.
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Debate Over Slavery
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Journal
What is your definition of “compromise”?
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Debate Over Slavery
• Now that they know one house will be based on population…do the slaves count in that population???
• South felt they should count to gain more representation in Congress
• North felt they shouldn’t because they can’t vote. Also, some states wanted to try to ban slavery
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Three-Fifths Compromise
• Agreed that each enslaved person would be counted as 3/5 of a free person.– EX: 500 slaves would count as 300 people– Pop. of “free people” in Georgia = 82,548– Pop. of “enslaved people” in Georgia = 7,600
3/5 x 7,600 = 4,560
82,548 + 4,560 = 87,108
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Creating Your 3/5 Foldable
• Fold your paper in half – (hamburger)
• Open in and fold the top and the bottom towards the fold in the middle
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Creating Your 3/5 Foldable
• Glue your map over both flaps. • Cut the map in half – See teacher’s
example
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Inside Your Foldable
What the North wanted….
What the South wanted…
The Three-Fifths Compromise
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Journal
• Think of some everyday examples of people who “make the laws” in your life. List at least 3 examples.
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Legislative Branch
CONGRESS
SENATE = 100 delegates
2 representatives per state
House of Representatives = 435 delegates
# based on state population
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How they are re-elected…
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Legislative Branch – Two Houses
• Senate– # of people = 100– # per state = 2– Requirements
• Age 30+ yrs• Citizenship 9 yrs• Residency Requirements – live in that state
– Length of Term = 6 yrs– Elected to Office by the voters of that state
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Legislative Branch – Two Houses
• House of Representatives– # of people = 435– # per state = at least 1; based on pop.– Requirements
• Age 25+ yrs• Citizenship 7 yrs• Residency Requirements – live in that state
– Length of Term = 2 yrs– Elected to Office by the voters of their district
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Our 18 Congressional Districts, 2010 Census-We had 19 in the 2000census, but our population didn’t grow at the same rate as other states so we technically lost a seat…
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Why has the Number of Reps Increased?
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Legislative Branch
• Jobs and Responsibilities –Passes/Make Laws
• Override President’s veto• Approves treaties• Can impeach the Pres.• Prints money• Declares war (stop)
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Distributing Representation
• Members are redistributed every 10 years based on census info gathered in each state
• How to Calculate State Representatives:1. State population = X
country’s population
2. X × 435 = _______
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Distributing Representation• EX: pop. of Illinois in 2000= 12,400,000
in 2010= 12,800,000
pop. of US in 2000= 281,400,000
in 2010= 308,700,000
2000 State pop/US pop= .044*435= 19.1 (19)
2010…
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Change from 2000-2010
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Electoral College
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Electoral College
Senate
House
100 Senators+ 435 Representatives 535 People in the Electoral College
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Electoral College