AIR FORCE Magazine / May 200134
Structure of theForce
USAFAlmanac■ The Air Force in Facts and Figures
USAF air superiority fighter for the future: Three F-22 Raptors sit on the flight line at Edwards AFB, Calif.
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How the Air Force Is Organized
There is considerable variation in how themajor commands and subordinate units ofthe Air Force are organized. This overviewdescribes the typical organization chain.
The Department of Defense (DOD) is aCabinet agency headed by the Secretary ofDefense. It was created in 1947 to consoli-date pre-existing military agencies—the WarDepartment and the Navy Department. Sub-ordinate to DOD are the three military de-partments (Army, Navy, and Air Force),each headed by a civilian secretary.
The Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS) consti-tute the corporate military leadership ofDOD. The chairman and vice chairman ofthe JCS serve full-time in their positions.The service chiefs are the military heads
of their respective services, although JCSresponsibilities take precedence.
The Department of the Air Force isheaded by the Secretary of the Air Force,who is supported by a staff called theSecretariat. The Chief of Staff, USAF,heads the Air Staff, and the military headsof the major commands report to the Chiefof Staff.
Most units of the Air Force are assignedto one of the major commands. Majorcommands are headed by general officersand have broad functional responsibili-ties. Commands may be divided into num-bered air forces.
The fundamental unit of the workingAir Force is the wing. The typical air force
base is built around a wing. Until recently,most wings were headed by colonels butnow are usually under the command of ageneral officer. An objective wing typi-cally contains an operations group, whichincludes aircrews, intelligence units, andothers; a logistics group, which can in-clude maintenance and supply squadrons;a support group, which can include suchfunctions as security forces and civil en-gineers; and a medical group.
Most individual officers and airmen areassigned to a squadron, which may becomposed of several flights.
In addition to these, there are numer-ous others, including centers, field oper-ating agencies, and direct reporting units.
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2001 35
The title General of the Army for Henry H. Arnold was changed to General of the Air Force by an Act of Congress May 7, 1949. The position of Chief of Staff wasestablished by a DOD–approved Army–Air Force Transfer Order issued Sept. 28, 1947.aThe Army Air Corps became a subordinate element of the Army Air Forces June 20, 1941. Since the Army Air Corps had been established by statute in 1926, itsdisestablishment required an act of Congress, which did not take place until 1947. Between March 9, 1942, and Sept. 18, 1947, the Army Air Corps continued toexist as a combatant arm, and personnel of the Army Air Forces were still assigned to the Army Air Corps.
Designation
Aeronautical Division, US Signal CorpsAug. 1, 1907–July 18, 1914
Aviation Section, US Signal CorpsJuly 18, 1914–May 20, 1918
Division of Military Aeronautics,Secretary of WarMay 20, 1918–May 24, 1918
Army Air ServiceMay 24, 1918–July 2, 1926
Army Air CorpsJuly 2, 1926–Sept. 18, 1947a
Army Air ForcesJune 20, 1941–Sept. 18, 1947
United States Air ForceSept. 18, 1947
Commander (at highest rank)
Chief, Aeronautical DivisionCapt. Charles deForest ChandlerCapt. Arthur S. CowanCapt. Charles deForest ChandlerMaj. Samuel Reber
Chief, Aviation SectionLt. Col. Samuel ReberLt. Col. George O. SquierLt. Col. John B. Bennet
Director of Military AeronauticsMaj. Gen. William L. Kenly(Kept same title three months intoabsorption by Air Service)
Director of Air ServiceJohn D. RyanMaj. Gen. Charles T. Menoher
Chief of Air ServiceMaj. Gen. Charles T. MenoherMaj. Gen. Mason M. Patrick
Chief of Air CorpsMaj. Gen. Mason M. PatrickMaj. Gen. James E. FechetMaj. Gen. Benjamin D. FouloisMaj. Gen. Oscar WestoverMaj. Gen. Henry H. Arnold
Chief, Army Air ForcesLt. Gen. Henry H. Arnold
Commanding General, AAFGen. of the Army Henry H. ArnoldGen. Carl A. Spaatz
Chief of Staff, USAFGen. Carl A. Spaatz
Dates of Service
Aug. 1, 1907–June 30, 1910July 1, 1910–June 19, 1911June 20, 1911–Sept. 9, 1913Sept. 10, 1913–July 17, 1914
July 18, 1914–May 5, 1916May 20, 1916–Feb. 19, 1917Feb. 19, 1917–May 20, 1918
May 20, 1918–August 1918
Aug. 28, 1918–Nov. 27, 1918Jan. 2, 1919–June 4, 1920
June 4, 1920–Oct. 4, 1921Oct. 5, 1921–July 2, 1926
July 2, 1926–Dec. 13, 1927Dec. 14, 1927–Dec. 19, 1931Dec. 20, 1931–Dec. 21, 1935Dec. 22, 1935–Sept. 21, 1938Sept. 29, 1938–June 20, 1941
June 20, 1941–March 9, 1942
March 9, 1942–Feb. 9, 1946Feb. 9, 1946–Sept. 26, 1947
Sept. 26, 1947–April 29, 1948
The Nation’s Air Arm and Its Early Leaders
A trio of legendary leaders: Gen.H.H. “Hap” Arnold, Commanding
General of the Army Air Forces, isjoined at a ceremony in Luxembourg
in 1945 by Gen. Carl A. Spaatz(center) and Maj. Gen. Hoyt
Vandenberg (right). Spaatz went onto become the first Chief of Staff of
the US Air Force. Vandenbergsucceeded him in 1948.
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 200136
USAFLeaders Through the Years
USAF Chiefs of Staff
Gen. Carl A. SpaatzGen. Hoyt S. VandenbergGen. Nathan F. TwiningGen. Thomas D. WhiteGen. Curtis E. LeMayGen. John P. McConnellGen. John D. RyanGen. George S. BrownGen. David C. JonesGen. Lew Allen Jr.Gen. Charles A. GabrielGen. Larry D. WelchGen. Michael J. DuganGen. John Michael Loh (acting)Gen. Merrill A. McPeakGen. Ronald R. FoglemanGen. Ralph E. Eberhart (acting)Gen. Michael E. Ryan
Sept. 26, 1947April 30, 1948June 30, 1953
July 1, 1957June 30, 1961
Feb. 1, 1965Aug. 1, 1969Aug. 1, 1973July 1, 1974July 1, 1978July 1, 1982July 1, 1986July 1, 1990
Sept. 18, 1990Oct. 30, 1990Oct. 26, 1994Sept. 2, 1997Oct. 6, 1997
April 29, 1948June 29, 1953June 30, 1957June 30, 1961Jan. 31, 1965July 31, 1969July 31, 1973
June 30, 1974June 20, 1978June 30, 1982June 30, 1986June 30, 1990Sept. 17, 1990
Oct. 29, 1990Oct. 25, 1994Sept. 1, 1997Oct. 5, 1997
Air Combat Command
June 1, 1992June 23, 1995Feb. 28, 1996
April 5, 1996June 11, 1999
Feb. 8, 2000
Gen. John Michael LohGen. Joseph W. RalstonLt. Gen. Brett M. Dula (acting)Gen. Richard E. HawleyGen. Ralph E. EberhartGen. John P. Jumper
June 22, 1995Feb. 27, 1996
April 4, 1996June 11, 1999
Feb. 8, 2000
Secretaries of the Air Force
Stuart SymingtonThomas K. FinletterHarold E. TalbottDonald A. QuarlesJames H. Douglas Jr.Dudley C. SharpEugene M. ZuckertHarold BrownRobert C. Seamans Jr.John L. McLucas (acting)John L. McLucasJames W. Plummer (acting)Thomas C. ReedJohn C. StetsonHans Mark (acting)Hans MarkVerne OrrRussell A. RourkeEdward C. Aldridge Jr. (acting)Edward C. Aldridge Jr.James F. McGovern (acting)John J. Welch Jr. (acting)Donald B. RiceMichael B. Donley (acting)Gen. Merrill A. McPeak (acting)Sheila E. WidnallF. Whitten Peters (acting)F. Whitten PetersLawrence J. Delaney (acting)
April 24, 1950Jan. 20, 1953Aug. 13, 1955April 30, 1957Dec. 10, 1959Jan. 20, 1961
Sept. 30, 1965Feb. 15, 1969May 14, 1973July 18, 1973
Nov. 23, 1975Jan. 1, 1976April 6, 1977
May 18, 1979July 26, 1979Feb. 9, 1981
Nov. 30, 1985April 7, 1986June 8, 1986
Dec. 16, 1988April 29, 1989May 21, 1989Jan. 20, 1993July 13, 1993Aug. 5, 1993
Oct. 31, 1997July 30, 1999Jan. 20, 2001
Sept. 18, 1947April 24, 1950
Feb. 4, 1953Aug. 15, 1955
May 1, 1957Dec. 11, 1959Jan. 24, 1961
Oct. 1, 1965Feb. 15, 1969May 15, 1973July 18, 1973Nov. 24, 1975
Jan. 2, 1976April 6, 1977
May 18, 1979July 26, 1979Feb. 9, 1981Dec. 9, 1985April 8, 1986June 9, 1986
Dec. 16, 1988April 29, 1989May 22, 1989Jan. 20, 1993July 14, 1993Aug. 6, 1993Nov. 1, 1997
July 30, 1999Jan. 20, 2001
USAF Vice Chiefs of Staff
April 28, 1948March 17, 1950
Oct. 9, 1950June 29, 1953June 30, 1957June 30, 1961June 30, 1962July 31, 1964Jan. 31, 1965May 31, 1966July 31, 1966July 31, 1968July 31, 1969April 30, 1972Oct. 31, 1973Aug. 18, 1975
March 31, 1978June 30, 1978Feb. 29, 1980May 31, 1982
Oct. 5, 1983July 31, 1984July 31, 1985Jan. 31, 1987May 24, 1990
March 25, 1991July 28, 1994July 11, 1997May 26, 1999April 17, 2000
Oct. 10, 1947May 27, 1948May 22, 1950Oct. 10, 1950
June 30, 1953July 1, 1957July 1, 1961July 1, 1962
Aug. 1, 1964Feb. 19, 1965June 13, 1966
Aug. 1, 1966Aug. 1, 1968Aug. 1, 1969May 1, 1972Nov. 1, 1973
Sept. 1, 1975April 1, 1978July 1, 1978
March 1, 1980June 1, 1982Oct. 6, 1983Aug. 1, 1984Aug. 1, 1985Feb. 1, 1987
May 25, 1990May 16, 1991July 29, 1994July 11, 1997May 27, 1999April 17, 2000
Gen. Hoyt S. VandenbergGen. Muir S. FairchildLt. Gen. Lauris Norstad (acting)Gen. Nathan F. TwiningGen. Thomas D. WhiteGen. Curtis E. LeMayGen. Frederic H. Smith Jr.Gen. Willliam F. McKeeGen. John P. McConnellGen. William H. BlanchardLt. Gen. Hewitt T. Wheless (acting)Gen. Bruce K. HollowayGen. John D. RyanGen. John C. MeyerGen. Horace M. WadeGen. Richard H. EllisGen. William V. McBrideGen. Lew Allen Jr.Gen. James A. HillGen. Robert C. MathisGen. Jerome F. O’MalleyGen. Lawrence A. SkantzeGen. Larry D. WelchGen. John L. PiotrowskiGen. Monroe W. Hatch Jr.Gen. John Michael LohGen. Michael P.C. CarnsGen. Thomas S. Moorman Jr.Gen. Ralph E. EberhartGen. Lester L. LylesGen. John W. Handy
Chief Master Sergeants of the Air Force
CMSAF Paul W. AireyCMSAF Donald L. HarlowCMSAF Richard D. KislingCMSAF Thomas N. BarnesCMSAF Robert D. GaylorCMSAF James M. McCoyCMSAF Arthur L. AndrewsCMSAF Sam E. ParishCMSAF James C. BinnickerCMSAF Gary R. PfingstonCMSAF David J. CampanaleCMSAF Eric W. BenkenCMSAF Frederick J. Finch
April 3, 1967Aug. 1, 1969Oct. 1, 1971Oct. 1, 1973Aug. 1, 1977Aug. 1, 1979Aug. 1, 1981Aug. 1, 1983July 1, 1986Aug. 1, 1990
Oct. 26, 1994Nov. 5, 1996
July 30, 1999
July 31, 1969Sept. 30, 1971Sept. 30, 1973
July 31, 1977July 31, 1979July 31, 1981July 31, 1983
June 30, 1986July 31, 1990Oct. 25, 1994Nov. 4, 1996
July 30, 1999
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2001 37
Established March 21, 1946. Reassigned to Continental Air Command(1948). Discontinued July 1, 1950. Re-established as a major commandand organized Jan. 1, 1951. Redesignated Aerospace Defense CommandJan. 15, 1968. Inactivated March 31, 1980.
Air (Aerospace) Defense Command
Lt. Gen. George E. StratemeyerMaj. Gen. Gordon P. SavilleLt. Gen. Ennis C. WhiteheadGen. Benjamin W. ChidlawMaj. Gen. Frederic H. Smith Jr. (acting)Gen. Earle E. PartridgeLt. Gen. Joseph H. AtkinsonLt. Gen. Robert M. LeeMaj. Gen. Robert H. Terrill (acting)Lt. Gen. Herbert B. ThatcherLt. Gen. Arthur C. Agan Jr.Lt. Gen. Thomas K. McGeheeGen. Seth J. McKeeGen. Lucius D. Clay Jr.Gen. Daniel James Jr.Gen. James E. HillGen. James V. Hartinger
Nov. 30, 1948Sept. 1, 1949
Aug. 24, 1951May 31, 1955July 19, 1955
Sept. 16, 1956Feb. 28, 1961
July 5, 1963July 31, 1963July 31, 1967Feb. 28, 1970June 30, 1973Sept. 30, 1973Aug. 31, 1975Dec. 6, 1977
Dec. 31, 1979March 31, 1980
March 27, 1946Dec. 1, 1948Jan. 1, 1951
Aug. 25, 1951June 1, 1955July 20, 1955
Sept. 17, 1956March 1, 1961
July 6, 1963Aug. 1, 1963Aug. 1, 1967
March 1, 1970July 1, 1973Oct. 1, 1973
Sept. 1, 1975Dec. 6, 1977Jan. 1, 1980
Air Force Communications Command
Formerly Air Force Communications Service. Redesignated Air Force Com-munications Command Nov. 15, 1979. Redesignated Air Force Command,Control, Communications, and Computer Agency, an FOA, July 1, 1991.
Feb. 15, 1962June 30, 1965Oct. 18, 1965
July 2, 1967Aug. 1, 1969
Oct. 31, 1973Aug. 24, 1975Oct. 31, 1977
June 21, 1979July 27, 1981June 1, 1984
Aug. 28, 1986March 29, 1988
May 16, 1989Nov. 9, 1990July 1, 1991
July 1, 1961Feb. 16, 1962
July 1, 1965Oct. 19, 1965July 15, 1967Aug. 1, 1969Nov. 1, 1973
Aug. 25, 1975Nov. 1, 1977
June 22, 1979July 27, 1981June 1, 1984
Aug. 28, 1986March 29, 1988
May 16, 1989Nov. 9, 1990
Maj. Gen. Harold W. GrantMaj. Gen. Kenneth P. BergquistMaj. Gen. J. Francis Taylor (acting)Maj. Gen. Richard P. KlockoMaj. Gen. Robert W. PaulsonMaj. Gen. Paul R. StoneyMaj. Gen. Donald L. WerbeckMaj. Gen. Rupert H. BurrisMaj. Gen. Robert E. SadlerMaj. Gen. Robert T. HerresMaj. Gen. Robert F. McCarthyMaj. Gen. Gerald L. PratherMaj. Gen. John T. StihlMaj. Gen. James S. Cassity Jr.Maj. Gen. Robert H. LudwigMaj. Gen. John S. Fairfield
See Electronic Security Command.
Air Force Intelligence Command
June 1, 1993Oct. 1, 1993
Maj. Gen. Gary W. O’ShaughnessyMaj. Gen. Kenneth A. Minihan
Oct. 1, 1991June 2, 1993
Organized as AAF Materiel and Services July 17, 1944. Redesignated AAFTechnical Service Command Aug. 31, 1944. Redesignated Air TechnicalService Command July 1, 1945. Redesignated Air Materiel CommandMarch 9, 1946. Redesignated Air Force Logistics Command April 1, 1961.Inactivated July 1, 1992.
Air Force Logistics Command
Lt. Gen. Nathan F. TwiningGen. Joseph T. McNarneyLt. Gen. Benjamin W. ChidlawGen. Edwin W. RawlingsLt. Gen. William F. McKee (acting)Gen. Samuel E. AndersonGen. William F. McKeeGen. Mark E. Bradley Jr.Gen. Kenneth B. HobsonGen. Thomas P. GerrityLt. Gen. Lewis L. Mundell (acting)Gen. Jack G. MerrellGen. Jack J. CattonGen. William V. McBrideGen. F. Michael RogersGen. Bryce Poe IIGen. James P. MullinsGen. Earl T. O’LoughlinGen. Alfred G. HansenGen. Charles C. McDonald
Oct. 13, 1947Aug. 31, 1949Aug. 20, 1951Feb. 28, 1959
March 14, 1959July 31, 1961
June 30, 1962July 31, 1965July 31, 1967Feb. 24, 1968
March 28, 1968Sept. 11, 1972Aug. 31, 1974Aug. 31, 1975Jan. 31, 1978July 31, 1981Nov. 1, 1984
July 31, 1987Oct. 31, 1989
July 1, 1992
March 9, 1946Oct. 14, 1947Sept. 1, 1949
Aug. 21, 1951March 1, 1959
March 15, 1959Aug. 1, 1961July 1, 1962Aug. 1, 1965Aug. 1, 1967
Feb. 24, 1968March 29, 1968Sept. 12, 1972
Sept. 1, 1974Sept. 1, 1975Feb. 1, 1978Aug. 1, 1981Nov. 1, 1984
July 31, 1987Oct. 31, 1989
Air Force Materiel Command
Gen. Ronald W. YatesGen. Henry Viccellio Jr.Lt. Gen. Kenneth E. Eickmann (acting)Gen. George T. Babbitt Jr.Gen. Lester L. Lyles
June 30, 1995May 9, 1997
May 29, 1997April 20, 2000
July 1, 1992June 30, 1995
May 9, 1997May 29, 1997April 20, 2000
Air Force Reserve Command
Jan. 26, 1972March 15, 1972
April 8, 1975April 16, 1979Oct. 31, 1982Oct. 31, 1986Oct. 31, 1990Oct. 31, 1994June 9, 1998
Sept. 25, 1998
Aug. 1, 1968Jan. 27, 1972
March 16, 1972April 16, 1975April 17, 1979
Nov. 1, 1982Nov. 1, 1986Nov. 1, 1990Nov. 1, 1994June 9, 1998
Sept. 25, 1998
Maj. Gen. Rollin B. Moore Jr.Brig. Gen. Alfred Verhulst (acting)Maj. Gen. Homer I. LewisMaj. Gen. William LyonMaj. Gen. Richard BodycombeMaj. Gen. Sloan R. GillMaj. Gen. Roger P. ScheerMaj. Gen. John J. Closner IIIMaj. Gen. Robert A. McIntoshMaj. Gen. David R. Smith (acting)Maj. Gen. James E. Sherrard III
Formerly Air Force Reserve, AFRC became a major command Feb. 17, 1997.
Sept. 1, 1982July 30, 1984Oct. 1, 1986
Oct. 29, 1987March 29, 1990March 23, 1992
June 30, 1992Sept. 13, 1994Aug. 26, 1996Aug. 14, 1998Feb. 22, 2000
Gen. James V. HartingerGen. Robert T. HerresMaj. Gen. Maurice C. PaddenLt. Gen. Donald J. KutynaLt. Gen. Thomas S. Moorman Jr.Gen. Donald J. KutynaGen. Charles A. HornerGen. Joseph W. AshyGen. Howell M. Estes IIIGen. Richard B. MyersGen. Ralph E. Eberhart
July 30, 1984Oct. 1, 1986
Oct. 29, 1987March 29, 1990March 23, 1992
June 30, 1992Sept. 13, 1994Aug. 26, 1996Aug. 14, 1998Feb. 22, 2000
Air Force Space Command
Air Education and Training Command
Lt. Gen. John K. CannonLt. Gen. Robert W. HarperMaj. Gen. Glenn O. Barcus (acting)Lt. Gen. Charles T. MyersLt. Gen. Frederic H. Smith Jr.Lt. Gen. James E. BriggsLt. Gen. Robert W. BurnsLt. Gen. William W. MomyerLt. Gen. Sam Maddux Jr.Lt. Gen. George B. SimlerLt. Gen. William V. McBrideLt. Gen. George H. McKeeGen. John W. RobertsGen. Bennie L. DavisGen. Thomas M. Ryan Jr.Gen. Andrew P. IosueLt. Gen. John A. ShaudLt. Gen. Robert C. OaksLt. Gen. Joseph W. AshyGen. Henry Viccellio Jr.Gen. Billy J. BolesGen. Lloyd W. NewtonGen. Hal M. Hornburg
Oct. 13, 1948June 30, 1954July 25, 1954July 31, 1958July 31, 1959July 31, 1963
Aug. 10, 1964June 30, 1966Aug. 30, 1970Sept. 9, 1972
Aug. 31, 1974Aug. 28, 1975
April 1, 1979July 28, 1981
June 22, 1983Aug. 27, 1986June 5, 1988
June 24, 1990Dec. 9, 1992
June 19, 1995March 17, 1997
June 22, 2000
April 13, 1946Oct. 14, 1948
July 1, 1954July 26, 1954Aug. 1, 1958Aug. 1, 1959Aug. 1, 1963
Aug. 11, 1964July 1, 1966
Sept. 1, 1970Sept. 9, 1972Sept. 1, 1974
Aug. 29, 1975April 1, 1979
July 29, 1981June 23, 1983Aug. 28, 1986June 6, 1988
June 25, 1990Dec. 10, 1992June 20, 1995
March 17, 1997June 22, 2000
Established as Army Air Corps Flying Training Command Jan. 23, 1942.Redesignated AAF Flying Training Command March 1942, then AAFTraining Command July 31, 1943. Redesignated ATC July 1, 1946.Redesignated AETC July 1, 1993.
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 200138
Air Force Special Operations Command
Maj. Gen. Thomas E. EggersMaj. Gen. Bruce L. FisterMaj. Gen. James L. Hobson Jr.Maj. Gen. Charles R. HollandLt. Gen. Maxwell C. Bailey
May 22, 1990June 30, 1991July 22, 1994
July 9, 1997Aug. 5, 1999
June 30, 1991July 22, 1994
July 9, 1997Aug. 5, 1999
Air Mobility Command
Gen. Hansford T. JohnsonGen. Ronald R. FoglemanGen. Robert L. RutherfordGen. Walter KrossGen. Charles T. Robertson Jr.
Aug. 22, 1992Oct. 17, 1994July 15, 1996Aug. 3, 1998
June 1, 1992Aug. 23, 1992Oct. 18, 1994July 15, 1996Aug. 3, 1998
October 1948Sept. 25, 1950
Jan. 4, 1954Aug. 5, 1962
April 19, 1974Jan. 31, 1977April 1, 1981Nov. 1, 1988
Jan. 28, 1994Jan. 28, 1998
Nov. 28, 1945October 1948Oct. 13, 1950Jan. 26, 1954Aug. 6, 1962
April 20, 1974Feb. 1, 1977April 1, 1981Nov. 1, 1988
Jan. 28, 1994Jan. 28, 1998
Col. William A.R. RobertsonMaj. Gen. George G. FinchMaj. Gen. Earl T. RicksMaj. Gen. Winston P. WilsonMaj. Gen. I.G. BrownMaj. Gen. John J. PeschMaj. Gen. John T. GuiceMaj. Gen. John B. ConawayMaj. Gen. Philip G. KilleyMaj. Gen. Donald W. ShepperdMaj. Gen. Paul A. Weaver Jr.
Air National Guard
Air Proving Ground Command
Designated a center December 1957.
August 1948June 1950July 1952April 1955July 1957
Maj. Gen. Carl A. BrandtMaj. Gen. William E. KepnerMaj. Gen. Bryant L. BoatnerMaj. Gen. Patrick W. TimberlakeMaj. Gen. Robert W. Burns
October 1946August 1948
July 1950July 1952
August 1955
Air University
May 17, 1948Oct. 15, 1948July 27, 1951Feb. 28, 1953April 14, 1953May 31, 1955
June 30, 1958July 31, 1961Dec. 31, 1963July 31, 1965July 31, 1968July 31, 1970Oct. 31, 1973Aug. 31, 1975
July 1, 1979July 24, 1981Aug. 1, 1984Nov. 6, 1986
July 12, 1988Oct. 6, 1989Jan. 4, 1990
Oct. 26, 1992June 30, 1993
March 15, 1946May 17, 1948Oct. 16, 1948July 28, 1951
March 1, 1953April 15, 1953June 1, 1955July 15, 1958Aug. 1, 1961Jan. 1, 1964Aug. 1, 1965Aug. 1, 1968Aug. 1, 1970Nov. 1, 1973
Sept. 1, 1975July 1, 1979
July 24, 1981Aug. 1, 1984Nov. 6, 1986
July 12, 1988Oct. 6, 1989Jan. 4, 1990
Oct. 27, 1992
Maj. Gen. Muir S. FairchildMaj. Gen. Robert W. HarperGen. George C. KenneyLt. Gen. Idwal H. EdwardsMaj. Gen. John DeF. Barker (acting)Lt. Gen. Laurence S. KuterLt. Gen. Dean C. StrotherLt. Gen. Walter E. ToddLt. Gen. Troup Miller Jr.Lt. Gen. Ralph P. Swofford Jr.Lt. Gen. John W. Carpenter IIILt. Gen. Albert P. ClarkLt. Gen. Alvan C. Gillem IILt. Gen. F. Michael RogersLt. Gen. Raymond B. FurlongLt. Gen. Stanley M. UmsteadLt. Gen. Charles G. ClevelandLt. Gen. Thomas C. RichardsLt. Gen. Truman SpangrudLt. Gen. Ralph E. HavensMaj. Gen. David C. ReedLt. Gen. Charles G. BoydLt. Gen. Jay W. Kelley
Established as AAF School of Applied Tactics Oct. 16, 1943 (assumedhistory of Air Services School, dating from 1920). Redesignated AAF SchoolJune 1, 1945. Given Majcom status Nov. 29, 1945. Redesignated AU May12, 1946. Part of ATC between May 1978 and July 1983. Ceased to be aMajcom and was assigned to AETC July 1, 1993.
Air Force Systems Command
Formerly Air Research and Development Command. Redesignated Air ForceSystems Command April 1, 1961. Inactivated July 1, 1992.
Maj. Gen. David M. SchlatterLt. Gen. Earle E. PartridgeLt. Gen. Donald L. PuttLt. Gen. Thomas S. PowerMaj. Gen. John W. Sessums (acting)Lt. Gen. Samuel E. AndersonMaj. Gen. John W. Sessums (acting)Gen. Bernard A. SchrieverGen. James FergusonGen. George S. BrownGen. Samuel C. PhillipsGen. William J. EvansGen. Lew Allen Jr.Gen. Alton D. SlayGen. Robert T. MarshGen. Lawrence A. SkantzeGen. Bernard P. RandolphGen. Ronald W. Yates
Feb. 1, 1950June 24, 1951June 30, 1953April 15, 1954
July 1, 1957Aug. 1, 1957
March 10, 1959April 25, 1959Sept. 1, 1966Sept. 1, 1970Aug. 1, 1973
Sept. 1, 1975Aug. 1, 1977
March 14, 1978Feb. 1, 1981Aug. 1, 1984
July 17, 1987April 1, 1990
June 24, 1951June 20, 1953April 14, 1954June 30, 1957July 31, 1957
March 9, 1959April 24, 1959Aug. 31, 1966Aug. 30, 1970July 31, 1973
Aug. 31, 1975July 31, 1977
March 13, 1978Feb. 1, 1981Aug. 1, 1984
July 17, 1987April 1, 1990July 1, 1992
Activated as Alaskan Air Force (1942). Redesignated Eleventh Air Force(1942). Redesignated Alaskan Air Command (1945). Redesignated 11th AirForce Aug. 9, 1990, under PACAF.
Alaskan Air Command
Feb. 25, 1949Dec. 27, 1950Oct. 14, 1952Feb. 26, 1953
Feb. 1, 1956Feb. 24, 1956July 16, 1956Oct. 23, 1956
June 27, 1957Aug. 18, 1957Aug. 13, 1958July 19, 1961July 25, 1961Aug. 8, 1963
Aug. 14, 1963Nov. 14, 1966July 24, 1969July 31, 1972June 5, 1973
March 2, 1974March 18, 1974
June 30, 1975Oct. 14, 1976
June 30, 1978April 1, 1981
Aug. 31, 1983Sept. 26, 1985May 22, 1988Aug. 9, 1990
Brig. Gen. Joseph H. AtkinsonBrig. Gen. Frank A. Armstrong Jr.Maj. Gen. William D. OldBrig. Gen. W.R. AgeeMaj. Gen. George R. AchesonBrig. Gen. T. Alan Bennett (acting)Lt. Gen. Joseph H. AtkinsonMaj. Gen. Frank A. Armstrong Jr.Maj. Gen. James H. DaviesLt. Gen. Frank A. Armstrong Jr.Brig. Gen. Kenneth H. GibsonMaj. Gen. C.F. NecrasonBrig. Gen. Jack A. Gibbs (acting)Maj. Gen. Wendell W. BowmanCol. Alfred Walton (acting)Maj. Gen. James C. JensenMaj. Gen. Thomas E. MooreMaj. Gen. Joseph A. CunninghamMaj. Gen. Donavon F. SmithMaj. Gen. Charles W. Carson Jr.Col. David T. Stockman (acting)Maj. Gen. Jack K. GambleLt. Gen. James E. HillLt. Gen. M.L. BoswellLt. Gen. Winfield W. Scott Jr.Lt. Gen. Lynwood E. ClarkLt. Gen. Bruce K. BrownLt. Gen. David L. NicholsLt. Gen. Thomas G. McInerney
Oct. 1, 1946Feb. 26, 1949Dec. 27, 1950Oct. 27, 1952Feb. 26, 1953
Feb. 1, 1956Feb. 24, 1956July 17, 1956Oct. 24, 1956
June 28, 1957Aug. 19, 1957Aug. 14, 1958July 20, 1961July 26, 1961Aug. 9, 1963
Aug. 15, 1963Nov. 15, 1966July 25, 1969Aug. 1, 1972
June 18, l973March 3, 1974
March 19, 1974July 1, 1975
Oct. 15, 1976July 1, 1978April 1, 1981
Sept. 1, 1983Sept. 27, 1985May 22, 1988
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2001 39
Electronic Security Command
Formerly USAF Security Service. Redesignated: Electronic Security Com-mand Aug. 1, 1979; Air Force Intelligence Command Oct. 1, 1991; Air In-telligence Agency, Oct. 1, 1993.
July 5, 1949Feb. 21, 1951Feb. 13, 1953
Jan. 3, 1957Aug. 5, 1959
Sept. 20, 1959Aug. 31, 1962Oct. 15, 1965July 18, 1969Feb. 23, 1973May 16, 1974July 31, 1975Jan. 18, 1979July 31, 1983
April 16, 1985Aug. 14, 1989
Oct. 1, 1991
Oct. 26, 1948July 6, 1949
Feb. 22, 1951Feb. 14, 1953
Jan. 4, 1957Aug. 6, 1959
Sept. 21, 1959Sept. 1, 1962Oct. 16, 1965July 19, 1969Feb. 24, 1973May 17, 1974Aug. 1, 1975
Jan. 19, 1979Aug. 1, 1983
April 17, 1985Aug. 15, 1989
Col. Roy H. LynnCol. Travis M. HetheringtonMaj. Gen. Roy H. LynnMaj. Gen. Harold H. BassettMaj. Gen. Gordon L. BlakeMaj. Gen. John B. AckermanMaj. Gen. Millard LewisMaj. Gen. Richard P. KlockoMaj. Gen. Louis E. CoiraMaj. Gen. Carl W. StapletonMaj. Gen. Walter T. GalliganMaj. Gen. Howard P. SmithMaj. Gen. Kenneth D. BurnsMaj. Gen. Doyle E. LarsonMaj. Gen. John B. MarksMaj. Gen. Paul H. MartinMaj. Gen. Gary W. O’Shaughnessy
Headquarters Command
Established as Bolling Field Command (1946). Redesignated HeadquartersCommand, USAF, March 17, 1958. Inactivated in 1976.
Brig. Gen. Burton M. HoveyBrig. Gen. Sydney D. GrubbsBrig. Gen. Morris J. LeeBrig. Gen. Stoyte O. RossMaj. Gen. Reuben C. Hood Jr.Maj. Gen. Brooke E. AllenMaj. Gen. Rollen H. AnthisMaj. Gen. Milton B. AdamsMaj. Gen. Nils O. OhmanMaj. Gen. John L. LockeMaj. Gen. Maurice R. ReillyMaj. Gen. William C. Norris
Jan. 3, 1946Dec. 14, 1948
Oct. 2, 1950June 14, 1952
Aug. 1, 1956Aug. 3, 1959
Jan. 10, 1966Dec. 1, 1967July 5, 1968May 1, 1972
Feb. 26, 1974Sept. 1, 1975
Dec. 13, 1948Oct. 1, 1950
June 13, 1952July 4, 1956
June 30, 1959Dec. 31, 1965Nov. 30, 1967June 30, 1968April 30, 1972Feb. 25, 1974
August 1975June 30, 1976
Continental Air Command
Established Dec. 1, 1948. Inactivated Aug. 1, 1968.
Lt. Gen. George E. StratemeyerLt. Gen. Ennis C. WhiteheadMaj. Gen. Willis H. HaleLt. Gen. Leon W. JohnsonLt. Gen. Charles B. Stone IIILt. Gen. William E. HallLt. Gen. Gordon A. BlakeLt. Gen. Edward J. TimberlakeLt. Gen. Henry Viccellio Sr.
Dec. 1, 1948April 15, 1949Dec. 14, 1950Feb. 18, 1952Dec. 15, 1955
July 1, 1957Sept. 30, 1961
July 1, 1962Aug. 1, 1966
April 15, 1949Dec. 14, 1950Feb. 18, 1952Dec. 14, 1955June 30, 1957Sept. 30, 1961June 30, 1962
July 1966Aug. 1, 1968
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 200140
Strategic Air Command
Gen. George C. KenneyGen. Curtis E. LeMayGen. Thomas S. PowerGen. John D. RyanGen. Joseph J. NazzaroGen. Bruce K. HollowayGen. John C. MeyerGen. Russell E. DoughertyGen. Richard H. EllisGen. Bennie L. DavisGen. Larry D. WelchGen. John T. ChainGen. George L. Butler
Oct. 18, 1948June 30, 1957Nov. 30, 1964Jan. 31, 1967July 28, 1968April 30, 1972July 31, 1974July 31, 1977July 31, 1981July 31, 1985
June 30, 1986Jan. 31, 1991June 1, 1992
March 21, 1946Oct. 19, 1948
July 1, 1957Dec. 1, 1964Feb. 1, 1967
July 29, 1968May 1, 1972Aug. 1, 1974Aug. 1, 1977Aug. 1, 1981Aug. 1, 1985July 1, 1986Feb. 1, 1991
Established as Continental Air Forces Dec. 13, 1944. RedesignatedStrategic Air Command March 21, 1946. Inactivated June 1, 1992.
Tactical Air Command
Established March 21, 1946. Reassigned to Continental Air Command(1948). Removed from CAC and returned to major command status Dec. 1,1950. Inactivated June 1, 1992.
Lt. Gen. Elwood R. QuesadaMaj. Gen. Robert M. LeeMaj. Gen. Glenn O. BarcusGen. John K. CannonGen. Otto P. WeylandGen. Frank F. EverestGen. Walter C. Sweeney Jr.Gen. Gabriel P. DisoswayGen. William W. MomyerGen. Robert J. DixonGen. William L. CreechGen. Jerome F. O’MalleyGen. Robert D. RussGen. John Michael Loh
March 21, 1946Dec. 24, 1948July 17, 1950Jan. 25, 1951April 1, 1954Aug. 1, 1959Oct. 1, 1961Aug. 1, 1965Aug. 1, 1968Oct. 1, 1973May 1, 1978Nov. 1, 1984
May 22, 1985March 27, 1991
Nov. 23, 1948June 20, 1950Jan. 25, 1951
March 31, 1954July 31, 1959
Sept. 30, 1961July 31, 1965July 31, 1968
Sept. 30, 1973April 30, 1978
Nov. 1, 1984April 20, 1985
March 26, 1991June 1, 1992
Activated as 8th Air Force (1942). Redesignated Eighth Air Force Sept. 18,1942. Redesignated US Strategic Air Forces in Europe (1944). Redesig-nated USAFE Aug. 7, 1945.
US Air Forces in Europe
Brig. Gen. John F. McBlain (acting)Lt. Gen. Curtis E. LeMayLt. Gen. John K. CannonGen. Lauris NorstadLt. Gen. William H. TunnerGen. Frank F. EverestGen. Frederic H. Smith Jr.Gen. Truman H. LandonGen. Gabriel P. DisoswayGen. Bruce K. HollowayGen. Maurice A. PrestonGen. Horace M. WadeGen. Joseph R. HolzappleGen. David C. JonesGen. John W. VogtGen. Richard H. EllisGen. William J. EvansGen. John W. PaulyGen. Charles A. GabrielGen. Billy M. MinterGen. Charles L. Donnelly Jr.Gen. William L. KirkGen. Michael J. DuganGen. Robert C. OaksGen. James L. JamersonGen. Richard E. HawleyGen. Michael E. RyanLt. Gen. William J. Begert (acting)Gen. John P. JumperGen. Gregory S. Martin
Oct. 20, 1947Oct. 15, 1948Jan. 20, 1951July 26, 1953
June 30, 1957July 31, 1959
June 30, 1961July 31, 1963July 31, 1965July 31, 1966July 31, 1968Jan. 31, 1969Aug. 31, 1971June 30, 1974Aug. 31, 1975July 31, 1977Aug. 1, 1978Aug. 1, 1980
June 30, 1982Nov. 1, 1984May 1, 1987
April 12, 1989June 26, 1990July 29, 1994July 16, 1995April 4, 1996Oct. 5, 1997Dec. 5, 1997
Jan. 13, 2000
Aug. 14, 1947Oct. 20, 1947Oct. 16, 1948Jan. 21, 1951July 27, 1953
July 1, 1957Aug. 1, 1959July 1, 1961Aug. 1, 1963Aug. 1, 1965Aug. 1, 1966Aug. 1, 1968Feb. 1, 1969
Sept. 1, 1971July 1, 1974
Sept. 1, 1975Aug. 1, 1977Aug. 1, 1978Aug. 1, 1980July 1, 1982Nov. 1, 1984May 1, 1987
April 12, 1989June 26, 1990July 29, 1994July 17, 1995April 4, 1996Oct. 6, 1997Dec. 5, 1997
Jan. 13, 2000
Northeast Air Command
Maj. Gen. Lyman P. WhittenMaj. Gen. Charles T. MyersLt. Gen. Glenn O. Barcus
Oct. 6, 1950March 14, 1952
July 26, 1954
March 14, 1952July 26, 1954
March 31, 1957
Newfoundland Base Command, part of Military Air Transport Service,reorganized and redesignated Northeast Air Command, a new majorcommand, Oct. 1, 1950. Inactivated March 31, 1957.
Pacific Air Command/Seventh Air Force
Formerly Seventh Air Force. Redesignated Pacific Air Command Dec. 15,1947. Discontinued June 1, 1949.
Maj. Gen. Ralph H. WootenBrig. Gen. Robert F. Travis
Aug. 31, 1948June 1, 1949
April 1947Sept. 1, 1948
Military Airlift Command
Maj. Gen. Robert W. HarperLt. Gen. Laurence S. KuterLt. Gen. Joseph SmithLt. Gen. William H. TunnerGen. Joe W. Kelly Jr.Gen. Howell M. Estes Jr.Gen. Jack J. CattonLt. Gen. Jay T. Robbins (acting)Gen. Paul K. CarltonGen. William G. Moore Jr.Gen. Robert E. HuyserGen. James R. AllenGen. Thomas M. Ryan Jr.Gen. Duane H. CassidyGen. Hansford T. Johnson
June 1, 1948Oct. 28, 1951
June 30, 1958May 31, 1960July 18, 1964July 31, 1969
Sept. 12, 1972Sept. 25, 1972
March 31, 1977June 30, 1979June 26, 1981June 30, 1983Sept. 19, 1985Sept. 20, 1989
June 1, 1992
July 1, 1947June 1, 1948
Nov. 15, 1951July 1, 1958
June 1, 1960July 19, 1964Aug. 1, 1969
Sept. 12, 1972Sept. 26, 1972
April 1, 1977July 1, 1979
June 26, 1981July 1, 1983
Sept. 20, 1985Sept. 20, 1989
Antecedents: AAC Ferrying Command (1941); AAF Ferrying Command(1942); Air Transport Command (1942, inactivated June 1, 1948). MilitaryAir Transport Service established June 1, 1948. Redesignated Military AirliftCommand Jan. 1, 1966. In 1982, the inactivated Air Transport Commandwas consolidated with MAC. Inactivated June 1, 1992.
Pacific Air Forces
Lt. Gen. Ennis C. WhiteheadLt. Gen. George E. StratemeyerLt. Gen. Earle E. Partridge (acting)Gen. Otto P. WeylandGen. Earle E. PartridgeGen. Laurence S. KuterGen. Emmett O’Donnell Jr.Gen. Jacob E. SmartGen. Hunter Harris Jr.Gen. John D. RyanGen. Joseph J. NazzaroGen. Lucius D. Clay Jr.Gen. John W. VogtGen. Louis L. Wilson Jr.Lt. Gen. James A. HillLt. Gen. James D. HughesLt. Gen. Arnold W. BraswellGen. Jerome F. O’MalleyGen. Robert W. BazleyGen. Jack I. GregoryGen. Merrill A. McPeakLt. Gen. James B. DavisGen. Jimmie V. AdamsGen. Robert L. RutherfordGen. John G. LorberGen. Richard B. MyersGen. Patrick K. GambleLt. Gen. Lansford E. Trapp (acting)
April 25, 1949May 20, 1951June 9, 1951
March 25, 1954May 31, 1955July 31, 1959July 31, 1963July 31, 1964Jan. 31, 1967July 31, 1968July 31, 1971
Sept. 30, 1973June 30, 1974May 31, 1977
June 14, 1978July 1, 1981
Sept. 30, 1983Nov. 1, 1984
Dec. 16, 1986July 22, 1988Oct. 30, 1990Feb. 19, 1991Jan. 25, 1993Oct. 12, 1994
July 7, 1997July 23, 1998April 9, 2001
Dec. 30, 1945April 26, 1949May 21, 1951
June 10, 1951March 26, 1954
June 1, 1955Aug. 1, 1959Aug. 1, 1963Aug. 1, 1964Feb. 1, 1967Aug. 1, 1968Aug. 1, 1971Oct. 1, 1973July 1, 1974
June 1, 1977June 15, 1978
July 1, 1981Oct. 8, 1983Nov. 1, 1984
Dec. 16, 1986July 22, 1988Nov. 5, 1990
Feb. 19, 1991Jan. 26, 1993Oct. 12, 1994
July 7, 1997July 23, 1998April 9, 2001
Activated as Far East Air Forces Aug. 3, 1944. Redesignated Pacific AirCommand, US Army, Dec. 6, 1945. Redesignated FEAF Jan. 1, 1947.Redesignated Pacific Air Forces July 1, 1957.
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2001 41
Activated as Panama Canal Air Force (1940). Redesignated Caribbean Air Force(1941). Redesignated 6th Air Force Feb. 5, 1942, then Sixth Air Force Sept. 18,1942. Redesignated Caribbean Air Command July 31, 1946. Redesignated US AirForces Southern Command July 8, 1963. Inactivated Jan. 1, 1976.
US Air Forces Southern Command/Caribbean
Maj. Gen. Hubert R. HarmonBrig. Gen. Glen C. Jamison (acting)Maj. Gen. Willis H. HaleBrig. Gen. Rosenham BeamBrig. Gen. Emil C. KielMaj. Gen. Reuben C. Hood Jr.Maj. Gen. Truman H. LandonMaj. Gen. Leland S. StranathanMaj. Gen. Robert A. BreitweiserMaj. Gen. Reginald J. ClizbeMaj. Gen. Kenneth O. SanbornMaj. Gen. Arthur G. SalisburyMaj. Gen. James M. Breedlove
Oct. 3, 1947Nov. 12, 1947Oct. 19, 1949Nov. 5, 1950
June 10, 1953June 16, 1956
June 1, 1959Sept. 8, 1963
July 9, 1966June 14, 1968
April 7, 1972October 1974
Jan. 1, 1976
July 31, 1946Oct. 4, 1947
Nov. 13, 1947Oct. 20, 1949Nov. 6, 1950
June 11, 1953June 20, 1956
Aug. 3, 1959Sept. 11, 1963
Aug. 6, 1966June 14, 1968
April 7, 1972October 1974
Chairmen of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
Gen. of the Army Omar N. BradleyAdm. Arthur W. Radford, USNGen. Nathan F. Twining, USAFGen. Lyman L. Lemnitzer, USAGen. Maxwell D. Taylor, USAGen. Earle G. Wheeler, USAAdm. Thomas H. Moorer, USNGen. George S. Brown, USAFGen. David C. Jones, USAFGen. John W. Vessey Jr., USAAdm. William J. Crowe Jr., USNGen. Colin L. Powell, USAAdm. David Jeremiah, USN (acting)Gen. John M. Shalikashvili, USAGen. Henry H. Shelton, USA
Aug. 16, 1949Aug. 15, 1953Aug. 15, 1957
Oct. 1, 1960Oct. 1, 1962July 3, 1964July 2, 1970July 1, 1974
June 21, 1978June 18, 1982
Oct. 1, 1985Oct. 1, 1989Oct. 1, 1993
Oct. 25, 1993Oct. 1, 1997
Aug. 15, 1953Aug. 15, 1957
Sept. 30, 1960Sept. 30, 1962
July 1, 1964July 2, 1970July 1, 1974
June 20, 1978June 18, 1982Sept. 30, 1985Sept. 30, 1989Sept. 30, 1993Oct. 24, 1993
Sept. 30, 1997
Vice Chairmen of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
Gen. Robert T. Herres, USAFAdm. David E. Jeremiah, USNAdm. William A. Owens, USNGen. Joseph W. Ralston, USAFGen. Richard B. Myers, USAF
Feb. 28, 1990Feb. 28, 1994Feb. 27, 1996Feb. 29, 2000
Feb. 6, 1987March 1, 1990March 1, 1994March 1, 1996March 1, 2000
US Central Command
Nov. 27, 1985Nov. 23, 1988
Aug. 9, 1991Aug. 5, 1994
Aug. 13, 1997July 6, 2000
Jan. 1, 1983Nov. 27, 1985Nov. 23, 1988
Aug. 9, 1991Aug. 5, 1994
Aug. 13, 1997July 6, 2000
Gen. Robert C. Kingston, USAGen. George B. Crist, USMCGen. H. Norman Schwarzkopf, USAGen. Joseph P. Hoar, USMCGen. J.H. Binford Peay III, USAGen. Anthony C. Zinni, USMCGen. Tommy R. Franks, USA
US European Command
July 11, 1953Nov. 20, 1956
Nov. 1, 1962May 5, 1969Nov. 1, 1974
June 27, 1979June 25, 1987June 23, 1992Oct. 21, 1993July 10, 1997May 2, 2000
Gen. Matthew B. Ridgway, USAGen. Alfred M. Gruenther, USAGen. Lauris Norstad, USAFGen. Lyman L. Lemnitzer, USAGen. Andrew J. Goodpaster, USAGen. Alexander M. Haig Jr., USAGen. Bernard W. Rogers, USAGen. John R. Galvin, USAGen. John M. Shalikashvili, USAGen. George A. Joulwan, USAGen. Wesley K. Clark, USAGen. Joseph W. Ralston, USAF
Aug. 1, 1952July 11, 1953
Nov. 20, 1956Nov. 1, 1962May 5, 1969Nov. 1, 1974
June 27, 1979June 25, 1987June 23, 1992Oct. 21, 1993July 10, 1997May 2, 2000
USAF Academy Superintendents
Lt. Gen. Hubert R. HarmonMaj. Gen. James E. BriggsMaj. Gen. William S. StoneMaj. Gen. Robert H. WarrenLt. Gen. Thomas S. Moorman Sr.Lt. Gen. Albert P. ClarkLt. Gen. James R. AllenLt. Gen. Kenneth L. TallmanMaj. Gen. Robert E. KelleyLt. Gen. Winfield W. Scott Jr.Lt. Gen. Charles R. HammLt. Gen. Bradley C. HosmerLt. Gen. Paul E. SteinLt. Gen. Tad J. OelstromLt. Gen. John R. Dallager
July 27, 1954July 28, 1956
Aug. 17, 1959July 1, 1962July 1, 1965Aug. 1, 1970Aug. 1, 1974
June 28, 1977June 16, 1981June 16, 1983June 26, 1987
July 1, 1991July 8, 1994Aug. 1, 1997June 9, 2000
July 27, 1956Aug. 16, 1959June 30, 1962June 30, 1965July 31, 1970July 31, 1974
June 27, 1977June 15, 1981June 15, 1983June 25, 1987
July 1, 1991July 7, 1994
July 31, 1997June 9, 2000
DODLeaders Through the Years
Secretaries of Defense
James V. ForrestalLouis A. JohnsonGeorge C. MarshallRobert A. LovettCharles E. WilsonNeil H. McElroyThomas S. GatesRobert S. McNamaraClark M. CliffordMelvin R. LairdElliot L. RichardsonJames R. SchlesingerDonald H. RumsfeldHarold BrownCaspar W. WeinbergerFrank C. CarlucciRichard B. CheneyLes AspinWilliam J. PerryWilliam S. CohenDonald H. Rumsfeld
March 28, 1949Sept. 19, 1950Sept. 12, 1951Jan. 20, 1953
Oct. 8, 1957Dec. 1, 1959
Jan. 20, 1961Feb. 29, 1968Jan. 20, 1969Jan. 29, 1973May 24, 1973Nov. 19, 1975Jan. 20, 1977Jan. 20, 1981Nov. 23, 1987Jan. 20, 1989Jan. 20, 1993Feb. 3, 1994
Jan. 23, 1997Jan. 20, 2001
Sept. 17, 1947March 28, 1949Sept. 21, 1950Sept. 17, 1951Jan. 28, 1953
Oct. 9, 1957Dec. 2, 1959
Jan. 21, 1961March 1, 1968Jan. 22, 1969Jan. 30, 1973
July 2, 1973Nov. 20, 1975Jan. 21, 1977Jan. 21, 1981Nov. 23, 1987
March 21, 1989Jan. 21, 1993Feb. 3, 1994
Jan. 24, 1997Jan. 20, 2001
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 200142
US Special Operations Command
June 27, 1990May 20, 1993Feb. 29, 1996
Sept. 25, 1997Oct. 27, 2000
Gen. James J. Lindsay, USAGen. Carl W. Stiner, USAGen. Wayne A. Downing, USAGen. Henry H. Shelton, USAGen. Peter J. Schoomaker, USAGen. Charles R. Holland, USAF
April 16, 1987June 27, 1990May 20, 1993Feb. 29, 1996
Nov. 5, 1997Oct. 27, 2000
US Strategic Command
Feb. 13, 1994Feb. 21, 1996June 25, 1998
Gen. G. Lee Butler, USAFAdm. Henry G. Chiles Jr., USNGen. Eugene E. Habiger, USAFAdm. Richard W. Mies, USN
June 1, 1992Feb. 14, 1994Feb. 22, 1996June 26, 1998
US Transportation Command
Sept. 21, 1989Aug. 24, 1992Oct. 17, 1994July 14, 1996Aug. 2, 1998
Gen. Duane H. Cassidy, USAFGen. H.T. Johnson, USAFGen. Ronald R. Fogleman, USAFGen. Robert L. Rutherford, USAFGen. Walter Kross, USAFGen. Charles T. Robertson Jr., USAF
July 1, 1987Sept. 22, 1989Aug. 25, 1992Oct. 18, 1994July 15, 1996Aug. 3, 1998
North American Aerospace Defense Command
July 30, 1959July 30, 1962
March 30, 1965July 29, 1966July 31, 1969
Sept. 30, 1973Aug. 29, 1975
Dec. 5, 1977Dec. 31, 1979July 30, 1984Feb. 5, 1987
March 30, 1990June 30, 1992Sept. 12, 1994Aug. 26, 1996Aug. 13, 1998Feb. 22, 2000
Gen. Earle E. Partridge, USAFGen. Laurence S. Kuter, USAFGen. John K. Gerhart, USAFGen. Dean C. Strother, USAFGen. Raymond J. Reeves, USAFGen. Seth J. McKee, USAFGen. Lucius D. Clay Jr., USAFGen. Daniel James Jr., USAFGen. James E. Hill, USAFGen. James V. Hartinger, USAFGen. Robert T. Herres, USAFGen. John L. Piotrowski, USAFGen. Donald J. Kutyna, USAFGen. Charles A. Horner, USAFGen. Joseph W. Ashy, USAFGen. Howell M. Estes III, USAFGen. Richard B. Myers, USAFGen. Ralph E. Eberhart, USAF
Sept. 12, 1957Aug. 1, 1959Aug. 1, 1962April 1, 1965Aug. 1, 1966Aug. 1, 1969Oct. 1, 1973
Sept. 1, 1975Dec. 6, 1977Jan. 1, 1980
July 30, 1984Feb. 6, 1987April 1, 1990
June 30, 1992Sept. 13, 1994Aug. 27, 1996Aug. 14, 1998Feb. 22, 2000
NORADLeaders Through the Years
US Pacific Command
Feb. 28, 1947Dec. 3, 1947
April 30, 1949July 10, 1953July 31, 1958
June 30, 1964July 31, 1968Sept. 1, 1972
Aug. 30, 1976Oct. 31, 1979
July 1, 1983Sept. 18, 1985Sept. 30, 1988March 1, 1991July 11, 1994July 19, 1994Jan. 31, 1996Feb. 20, 1999
Adm. John H. Towers, USNAdm. Louis E. Denfeld, USNAdm. Dewitt C. Ramsey, USNAdm. Arthur W. Radford, USNAdm. Felix B. Stump, USNAdm. Harry D. Felt, USNAdm. U.S. Grant Sharp, USNAdm. John S. McCain Jr., USNAdm. Noel A.M. Gayler, USNAdm. Maurice E. Weisner, USNAdm. Robert L.J. Long, USNAdm. William J. Crowe Jr., USNAdm. Ronald J. Hays Jr., USNAdm. Huntington Hardisty, USNAdm. Charles R. Larson, USNLt. Gen. Harold T. Fields, USAAdm. Richard C. Macke, USNAdm. Joseph W. Prueher, USNAdm. Dennis C. Blair, USN
Jan. 1, 1947Feb. 28, 1947
Dec. 3, 1947April 30, 1949July 10, 1953July 31, 1958
June 30, 1964July 31, 1968Sept. 1, 1972
Aug. 30, 1976Oct. 31, 1979
July 1, 1983Sept. 18, 1985Sept. 30, 1988March 1, 1991July 11, 1994July 19, 1994Jan. 31, 1996Feb. 20, 1999
US Space Command
Feb. 5, 1987March 30, 1990
June 30, 1992Sept. 12, 1994Aug. 26, 1996Aug. 13, 1998Feb. 22, 2000
Gen. Robert T. Herres, USAFGen. John L. Piotrowski, USAFGen. Donald J. Kutyna, USAFGen. Charles A. Horner, USAFGen. Joseph W. Ashy, USAFGen. Howell M. Estes III, USAFGen. Richard B. Myers, USAFGen. Ralph E. Eberhart, USAF
Sept. 23, 1985Feb. 6, 1987April 1, 1990
June 30, 1992Sept. 13, 1994Aug. 27, 1996Aug. 14, 1998Feb. 22, 2000
Formerly US Atlantic Command, established Dec. 1, 1947, redesignatedOct. 7, 1999.
US Joint Forces Command
Feb. 1, 1950Aug. 15, 1951April 12, 1954Feb. 28, 1960April 30, 1963April 30, 1965June 17, 1967Sept. 30, 1970
Oct. 31, 1972May 30, 1975
Sept. 30, 1978Sept. 30, 1982Nov. 27, 1985Nov. 22, 1988May 18, 1990July 13, 1992Oct. 31, 1994
Sept. 24, 1997Sept. 5, 2000
Adm. William H.P. Blandy, USNAdm. William M. Fechteler, USNAdm. Lynde D. McCormick, USNAdm. Jerauld Wright, USNAdm. Robert L. Dennison, USNAdm. Harold P. Smith, USNAdm. Thomas H. Moorer, USNAdm. Ephraim P. Holmes, USNAdm. Charles K. Duncan, USNAdm. Ralph W. Cousins, USNAdm. Isaac C. Kidd Jr., USNAdm. Harry D. Train II, USNAdm. Wesley D. McDonald, USNAdm. Lee Baggett Jr., USNAdm. Frank B. Kelso II, USNAdm. Leon A. Edney, USNAdm. Paul D. Miller, USNGen. John J. Sheehan, USMCAdm. Harold W. Gehman Jr., USNGen. William F. Kernan, USA
Feb. 3, 1947Feb. 1, 1950
Aug. 15, 1951April 12, 1954Feb. 28, 1960April 30, 1963April 30, 1965June 17, 1967Sept. 30, 1970Oct. 31, 1972May 30, 1975
Sept. 30, 1978Sept. 30, 1982Nov. 27, 1985Nov. 22, 1988May 18, 1990July 13, 1992Oct. 31, 1994
Sept. 24, 1997Sept. 5, 2000
US Southern Command
June 1948October 1949
April 1952June 1954
January 1957February 1958
July 1960January 1961
June 1963February 1965February 1969
September 1971January 1973
July 1975September 1979
May 1983March 1985
June 1987July 1989
November 1990November 1993
January 1994February 1996
June 1996July 1997
Sept. 8, 2000
November 1947June 1948
October 1949April 1952June 1954
January 1957April 1958July 1960
January 1961June 1963
February 1965February 1969
September 1971January 1973August 1975
October 1979May 1983
March 1985June 1987
September 1989November 1990December 1993
February 1994March 1996
July 1996August 1997
Sept. 8, 2000
Lt. Gen. Willis Crittenberger, USALt. Gen. Matthew B. Ridgway, USALt. Gen. William H.H. Morris, USALt. Gen. Horace L. McBride, USALt. Gen. William K. Harrison, USALt. Gen. Robert M. Montague, USALt. Gen. Ridgely Gaither, USALt. Gen. Robert F. Sink, USALt. Gen. Andrew P. O’Meara, USAGen. Andrew P. O’Meara, USAGen. Robert W. Porter, USAGen. George R. Mather, USAGen. George V. Underwood, USAGen. William B. Rosson, USALt. Gen. Dennis P. McAuliffe, USALt. Gen. Wallace H. Nutting, USAGen. Paul F. Gorman, USAGen. John R. Galvin, USAGen. Fred F. Woerner, USAGen. Maxwell R. Thurman, USAGen. George A. Joulwan, USAMaj. Gen. W.A. Worthington, USAGen. Barry McCaffrey, USARAdm. James Perkins, USNGen. Wesley K. Clark, USAGen. Charles E. Wilhelm, USMCGen. Peter Pace, USMCFormerly US Caribbean Command (1947). Activated in 1963.
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 200144
PeopleUSAF Total Force
(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Numbers are rounded and may not sum to totals. FYs 1995–2000 are actual figures; FY 2001 is an estimate.
Air Force active duty
OfficersEnlistedCadets
Total Air Force active duty
Career re-enlistments (second term)RateFirst-term re-enlistmentsRate
Civilian personnel
Direct hire (excluding technicians)ANGTechnicians: AFRCIndirect hire—foreign nationals
Total civilian personnel
Guard and Reserve
Air National Guard, Selected ReserveAFRC, paidAFRC, nonpaid
Total Ready Reserve
Standby
Total Guard and Reserve
FY99
70,318286,169
4,103
360,590
30,39284%
8,19649%
126,68522,892
9,4706,693
165,740
105,71571,77254,271
231,758
17,129
248,887
FY97
73,983299,373
4,029
377,385
34,90086%
12,30056%
139,51723,404
9,4226,841
179,184
110,02373,31166,827
250,161
14,500
264,661
FY00
69,023282,356
4,275
355,654
32,04284%
9,91752%
122,31222,781
9,5836,508
161,184
106,36671,35750,307
228,030
16,470
244,500
FY01
70,200282,800
4,000
357,000
31,32785%
9,69653%
118,68723,472
9,6006,129
157,888
108,02274,47050,542
233,034
16,725
249,759
FY95
78,444317,938
4,027
400,409
37,20088%
13,50065%
146,18024,174
9,4326,643
186,429
109,82678,70699,000
287,532
14,435
301,967
FY96
76,388308,608
4,005
389,001
37,20087%
12,90059%
143,66223,931
9,4366,695
183,724
110,47176,13871,910
258,519
14,437
272,956
FY98
71,892291,590
3,988
367,470
31,30085%
10,40054%
133,33223,388
9,3766,749
172,845
108,09871,97056,459
236,527
16,042
252,569
USAF Marital Status(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Total percent marriedPercent of enlistedPercent of officersNumber of USAF couplesNumber married to members of other services
625973
15,884
1,216
Numbers are rounded. Does not include 4,275cadets.
USAF Educational Levels(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
EnlistedHigh schoolSome college (< 2 years)AA/AS degree or equivalent hoursBachelor’s degreeMaster’s degreeTotal
OfficersBachelor’s degreeMaster’s degreeDoctoral degreeProfessional degreeTotal
Percent
10
71.3
144
0.7100
4444
210
100
Number
28,236
201,319
39,53011,294
1,977282,356
30,37030,370
1,3816,902
69,023
Armed Forces Manpower Trends, End Strength in Thousands(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Active duty military
Air ForceArmyMarine CorpsNavy
Total
Selected Guard and Reserve
Air National GuardAFRCArmy National GuardArmy ReserveMarine Corps ReserveNaval Reserve
Total
Direct-hire civiliana
Air Forceb
Armyb
Navy/Marine CorpsDefense agencies
Totalc
Numbers are rounded and may not sum to totals.
FY02 numbers are programmed manpower.aFull-time equivalents.bIncludes Army and Air National Guard technicians, who were converted from state to federal employees in FY 1969.
FY00
360480173372
1,384
10473
329192
3987
824
156202188116
661
FY01
358480173372
1,383
10574
327190
3987
821
154197182112
645
FY02
360482173372
1,387
10774
326191
3885
821
152195171
99
617
FY95
400509175435
1,519
11078
375241
41101
946
249249182142
822
FY96
389491175417
1,472
11074
370226
4298
920
238229176135
779
FY97
377492174396
1,439
11072
370213
4295
902
237214175135
760
FY98
367484173382
1,407
10872
362205
4193
881
174237211126
748
FY99
361479173373
1,386
10371
344222
3989
869
162209193117
681
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2001 45
Includes active Title 5 civilians with permanentappointments, US citizens only.
Excludes Title 32 technicians, temporary employees,and foreign/local nationals.
aScientific and Technical.
bSenior Executive Service (Includes ES, IE, and IP).
The Civilian Force(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Wage Grade
Grade
123456789101112131415161718
Total
Force
132359422223
1,6961,0641,7473,0702,928
12,4453,3191,597
19052
2000
29,246
Wage GradeLeader
Grade
123456789101112131415161718
Total
Force
0952
16363884
204586110
53400000
1,147
Wage GradeSupervisory
Grade
123456789101112131415161718
Total
Force
1837203966
112161201856
1,011396233115186
95392512
3,622
GeneralSchedule/
Other
Force
191298
1,0423,3359,7266,1188,8341,197
11,767731
14,97116,85610,396
3,1521,243
000
45164309
90,375
Grade
123456789101112131415161718STa
SESb
Other
Total
Air Force Personnel Strength(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
2001 number is programmed.
Year
1971197219731974197519761977197819791980198119821983198419851986198719881989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001
Year
19391940194119421943194419451946194719481949195019511952195319541955195619571958195919601961196219631964196519661967196819691970
Year
19071908190919101911191219131914191519161917191819191920192119221923192419251926192719281929193019311932193319341935193619371938
Strength
31327112351
114122208311
1,218195,023
25,6039,050
11,6499,6429,441
10,5479,6709,674
10,07810,54912,13113,53114,78015,02815,09915,86116,24717,23319,14721,089
Strength
23,45551,165
152,125764,415
2,197,1142,372,2922,282,259
455,515305,827387,730419,347411,277788,381973,474977,593947,918959,946909,958919,835871,156840,028814,213820,490883,330868,644855,802823,633886,350897,426904,759862,062791,078
Strength
755,107725,635690,999643,795612,551585,207570,479569,491559,450557,969570,302582,845592,044597,125601,515608,199607,035576,446570,880535,233510,432470,315444,351426,327400,409389,001377,385367,470360,590355,654357,000
Air Force Civilian Personnel:Average Age and Length of Service
Average length of service(overall)General scheduleFederal wage systemAverage age
16 years47 years46 years46 years
Oth
er
Min
ori
ties
Gra
de
To
tal
Bla
ck
s
Wo
me
n
Active Duty Force Demographics(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Officers
GeneralColonelLieutenant ColonelMajorCaptainFirst LieutenantSecond Lieutenant
Total
Enlisted
Chief Master Sergeantof the Air Force
Chief Master SergeantSenior Master SergeantMaster SergeantTechnical SergeantStaff SergeantSergeant/Senior AirmanAirman First ClassAirmanAirman Basic
Total
Total personnel
2713,756
10,17115,24824,136
6,9578,484
69,023
12,8725,693
28,80641,93868,35556,17752,61610,21515,683
282,356
351,379
9173689875
1,590524625
4,485
5401,0856,0168,304
11,51310,200
9,6522,1602,897
52,367
56,852
10315
1,2982,2644,6631,5051,764
11,819
317683
3,0514,978
11,49914,10412,631
3,3203,770
54,353
66,172
066
227629
1,759715949
4,345
71188
1,2812,2583,9676,1155,7261,0571,180
21,843
26,188
Average ages of military personnel: Officers 35, Enlisted 28Total does not include 4,275 cadets.
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 200146
Active Duty Force by Grade(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Grade
Officers
GeneralLieutenant GeneralMajor GeneralBrigadier GeneralColonelLieutenant ColonelMajorCaptainFirst LieutenantSecond LieutenantTotalCadets
Enlisted
Chief Master Sergeantof the Air Force
Chief Master SergeantSenior Master SergeantMaster SergeantTechnical SergeantStaff SergeantSergeant/Senior AirmanAirman First ClassAirmanAirman BasicTotal
Total strength
Number
113587
1383,756
10,17115,24824,136
6,9578,484
69,0234,275
12,8725,693
28,80641,93868,35556,17752,61610,21515,683
282,356
355,654
USAF Personnel byGeographic Area
(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Total militarypersonnel
US territory andspecial locations
Total in foreigncountries
Western and southernEuropeGermanyUKTurkeyItalySpainAll other countries
East Asia and PacificJapan/OkinawaSouth KoreaGuamAll other countries
Africa, Near East,South AsiaSaudi ArabiaEgyptAll other countries
Western hemispherePanamaCanadaAll other countries
Other areas
355,654
289,529
66,125
32,82614,661
9,4101,7594,026
2602,710
23,75913,194
8,6691,731
165
8,9735,895
703,008
3230
83240
244
USAF Personnel Strength by Commands, FOAs, and DRUs(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Major commands
Air Combat Command (ACC)Air Education and Training Command (AETC)Air Force Materiel Command (AFMC)Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC)Air Force Space Command (AFSPC)Air Force Special Operations Command (AFSOC)Air Mobility Command (AMC)Pacific Air Forces (PACAF)United States Air Forces in Europe (USAFE)Total major commands
Field Operating Agencies (FOAs)
Air Force Agency for Modeling and SimulationAir Force Audit AgencyAir Force Base Conversion AgencyAir Force Center for Environmental ExcellenceAir Force Civil Engineer Support AgencyAir Force Communications AgencyAir Force Cost Analysis AgencyAir Force Flight Standards AgencyAir Force Frequency Management AgencyAir Force Historical Research AgencyAir Force History Support OfficeAir Force Inspection AgencyAir Force Legal Services AgencyAir Force Logistics Management AgencyAir Force Manpower & Innovation AgencyAir Force Medical Operations AgencyAir Force Medical Support AgencyAir Force News AgencyAir Force Office of Special InvestigationsAir Force Operations GroupAir Force Pentagon Communications AgencyAir Force Personnel CenterAir Force Personnel Operations AgencyAir Force Program Executive OfficeAir Force Real Estate AgencyAir Force Review Boards AgencyAir Force Safety CenterAir Force Security Forces CenterAir Force Services AgencyAir Force Studies and Analyses AgencyAir Force Technical Applications CenterAir Force Weather AgencyAir Intelligence Agency*Air National Guard Readiness CenterTotal FOAs
Direct Reporting Units (DRUs)
Air Force Doctrine CenterAir Force Operational Test and Evaluation CenterUnited States Air Force Academy11th WingTotal DRUs
Other
Other active dutyUSAFA cadets
Total for all categories
Military
84,47368,45226,115
41017,347
8,96549,93032,01925,724
313,435
2100
4483
30020
11420
94
110400
49115
8148
3091,435
219452968
4433
01166
4328164
532622
10,735111
17,532
66510
2,5011,5824,659
15,7534,275
355,654
Civilian
10,07514,12258,28614,519
4,350585
7,7988,3584,864
122,957
13822261375115349
263031632521
1111885602193
45911
283965
221211435014
17417
0190
2,043457
7,270
13204
1,972811
3,000
27,9570
161,184
Total
94,54882,57484,40114,92921,697
9,55057,72840,37730,588
436,392
34822261419198649
46144
517229
131511
67200141
69402
1,894230735
1,93366451154
116446255
81532812
12,778568
24,802
79714
4,4732,3937,659
43,7104,275
516,838
*Air Intelligence Agency now falls under Air Combat Command.
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2001 47
Firefighters are in the Air Force’scivil engineering career field. Here,
two firefighters from Osan AB, SouthKorea, work on an injured teammateduring a simulated fire in a Restora-tion of Operations exercise at Osan
in February.
Specialties in the Enlisted Force(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Code
1A1C1N1S1T1W2A2E2F2G2M2P2R2S2T2W3A3C3E3H3M3N3P3R3S3U3V4A–V4Y5J5R6C6F7S89
Career Field
Aircrew OperationsCommand Control Systems OperationsIntelligenceSafetyAircrew ProtectionWeatherManned Aerospace MaintenanceCommunications–Electronics SystemsFuelsLogistics PlansMissile & Space Systems MaintenancePrecision MeasurementMaintenance Management SystemsSupplyTransportation & Vehicle MaintenanceMunitions & WeaponsInformation ManagementCommunications–Computer SystemsCivil EngineeringHistorianMorale, Welfare, Recreation, & ServicesPublic AffairsSecurity ForcesPrinting ManagementMission SupportManpowerVisual InformationMedicalDentalParalegalChapel Service SupportContractingFinancialSpecial InvestigationSpecial Duty IdentifiersReporting IdentifiersUnassignedTotal
Percentages have been rounded.
US
AF
ph
oto
by
SS
gt .
Ge
org
e F
. T
ho
mp
son
Jr.
Assigned
6,25311,97411,396
4112,6722,458
60,71013,026
3,565769
2,4831,1661,721
11,09912,29214,67111,56213,29017,834
1064,7851,511
22,3900
9,952791
1,40720,255
2,550979420
1,2943,794
7366,5375,493
4282,356
Percent
2.24.24.00.10.90.9
21.54.61.30.30.90.40.63.94.45.24.14.76.30.01.70.57.90.03.50.30.57.20.90.30.10.51.30.32.31.9
0100
Specialties in the Officer Force(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Total does not include 4,275 cadets. Percentages have been rounded.
Code
X011121314151621313233343536384X51526162636465718X9X
Utilization Field Title
Commander & DirectorPilotNavigatorSpace, Missile, Command & ControlIntelligenceWeatherOperations SupportAircraft Maintenance & MunitionsSecurity ForcesCivil EngineeringCommunications–Computer SystemsMWR & ServicesPublic AffairsPersonnelManpowerMedicalLawChaplainScientific/ResearchDevelopmental EngineeringAcquisitionContractingFinancialSpecial InvestigationsSpecial Duty IdentifiersReporting IdentifiersOtherTotal
Assigned
88211,800
4,4374,7472,711
6991,5833,920
7501,4024,090
348368
1,585319
12,4561,302
588911
2,3302,351
954922367
1,8575,341
369,023
Percent
1.317.1
6.46.93.91.02.35.71.12.05.90.50.52.30.5
18.01.90.91.33.43.41.41.30.52.77.7
0100
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 200148
Terms ExplainedFunding levels can be expressed in sev-eral ways. Budget authority is the valueof new obligations that the federal gov-ernment is authorized to incur. Theseinclude some obligations to be met inlater years. Figures can also be expressedin outlays (actual expenditures, some ofwhich are covered by amounts that wereauthorized in previous years).
Another difference concerns the valueof money. When funding is in current orthen-year dollars, no adjustment for in-flation has taken place. This is the actualamount of dollars that has been or is to bespent, budgeted, or forecast. When fund-ing is expressed in constant dollars, orreal dollars, the effect of inflation hasbeen factored out to make direct compari-sons between budget years possible. A
specific year, often the present one, ischosen as a baseline for constant dollars.
Normally, Congress first authorizes pay-ment, then appropriates it. Authoriza-tion is an act of Congress that estab-lishes or continues a federal program oragency and sets forth guidelines to whichit must adhere. Appropriation is an act ofCongress that enables federal agenciesto spend money for specific purposes.
Budgets
Air Force Budget—A 10-Year Perspective(Budget authority in current and FY02 constant $ millions)
Current dollarsMilitary personnelOperations & maintenanceProcurementRDT&EMilitary constructionFamily housingRev. & mgmt. fundsTrust & receiptsTotal
Constant FY02 dollarsMilitary personnelOperations & maintenanceProcurementRDT&EMilitary constructionFamily housingRev. & mgmt. fundsTrust & receiptsTotal
Percentage real growthMilitary personnelOperations & maintenanceProcurementRDT&EMilitary constructionFamily housingTotal
FY9221,38122,81623,24912,867
1,2001,112
n/a-286
82,340
29,04628,67926,97215,128
1,4101,299
n/a-334
103,054
-8.7-18.7
-5.62.75.0
22.6-10.6
FY9320,14122,17921,80312,979
1,0531,212
n/a-221
79,146
26,21327,20024,80014,991
1,2151,386
n/a-252
96,285
-9.8-5.7-8.1-1.3
-13.96.5
-6.8
FY9418,16824,52517,71612,021
1,554923n/a
-33274,575
23,07229,27719,79513,596
1,7551,033
n/a-371
88,738
-12.08.1
-20.2-9.044.8
-25.3-7.5
FY9519,60224,56116,52911,787
8161,106
n/a-470
73,932
24,29828,76418,16713,087
9071,218
n/a-515
86,248
5.3-0.9-8.4-3.8
-48.417.9-2.3
FY9619,30923,51915,55812,427
1,2851,124
n/a-231
72,992
23,40426,92416,85213,540
1,4041,215
n/a-248
83,381
-3.7-6.5-7.33.4
55.3-0.2-3.4
FY9719,18622,72814,24714,017
1,5671,135
790-453
73,216
22,59725,48315,25715,050
1,6941,211
846-478
81,879
-3.4-5.8-9.511.120.7-0.4-1.9
FY9819,11125,17415,25814,265
1,5371,114
234-409
76,284
21,81627,52216,18915,153
1,6441,177
253-429
83,553
-3.57.06.20.8
-2.8-2.81.8
FY9919,35727,10718,43413,807
8621,0821,510-248
81,914
21,45029,11119,32114,510
9101,1321,573-258
87,938
-1.75.9
19.5-4.3
-44.6-3.75.4
FY0020,23525,83018,33014,487
1,4241,162
28-289
81,207
21,56127,27318,94114,991
1,4781,201
0-298
85,319
0.5-5.5-1.93.5
62.86.2
-2.7
FY0120,89228,05620,93913,686
9661,050
0-289
85,298
21,56528,57221,29713,920
9851,066
0-293
87,137
03.3
12.5-7.1
-33.2-11.3
1.8Numbers do not add due to rounding.
Air Force Major Force Programs(Total Obligation Authority in FY02 constant $ billions)
ForcesStrategic ForcesGeneral-Purpose ForcesAirlift ForcesGuard and Reserve ForcesSpecial Operations ForcesTotal
SupportIntelligence & CommunicationsResearch & DevelopmentCentral Supply & MaintenanceTraining, Medical, & PersonnelAdministration & OtherTotal
FY01
4.020.810.3
8.20.5
43.7
20.96.74.89.01.8
43.1
FY92
13.021.5
7.27.50.4
49.6
22.19.27.5
10.21.8
50.9
FY93
10.219.4
8.57.80.4
46.2
21.98.66.79.91.7
48.9
FY94
6.618.6
9.07.80.4
42.5
21.27.74.79.11.7
44.6
FY95
5.417.9
9.58.10.5
41.3
18.68.64.79.51.8
42.9
FY96
5.417.9
9.17.80.5
40.5
19.08.74.49.31.6
43.0
FY97
4.117.5
9.07.60.5
38.7
18.88.34.28.81.7
41.8
FY98
4.617.8
9.47.90.5
40.2
19.58.34.28.91.8
42.6
FY99
4.519.211.0
8.30.4
43.2
20.37.44.68.91.8
42.9
FY00
4.319.510.5
8.40.5
43.0
19.87.54.99.01.8
43.0
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2001 49
USAF
Service Shares
Per
cen
t o
f D
oD
Bu
dg
et
98969492908886848280787674727068
Fiscal Year
040200
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
-5
Army
Navy
DoD Agencies
06
Note: At press time, DOD had provided no FY2006 service amounts or percentages. Outyear data are those contained in the most recent 2001–05 FYDP, converted to2002 dollars. Numbers have been rounded.
Service Shares(In FY02 constant $ billions)
FY05
94
78
97
44
313
30%
25%
31%
14%
FY04
94
78
97
44
312
30%
25%
31%
14%
FY03
93
78
96
44
311
30%
25%
31%
14%
FY01
87
72
96
45
301
29%
24%
32%
15%
FY02
93
77
96
43
309
30%
25%
31%
14%
FY00
89
77
95
46
306
29%
25%
31%
15%
FY06
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Budget authority
Air Force
Army
Navy
Defense agencies, DoD–wide
Total
Percent of budget authority
Air Force
Army
Navy
Defense agencies, DoD–wide
Defense Department Budget Topline(In current and FY02 constant $ billions)
FY06
346
—
338
—
FY00
291
306
281
295
FY01
295
301
284
290
FY02
309
309
304
304
FY03
318
311
306
300
FY04
327
312
317
303
FY05
336
313
331
309
Budget authority(current $)
Budget authority(constant FY02 $)
Outlays(current $)
Outlays(constant FY02 $)
Note: At press time, DOD had released no FY2006 deflator, preventing conversion of 2006 amounts into 2002 dollars. Numbers have been rounded.
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 200150
Explanatory Note
Data for 1962–2000 are historical. Data for 2001–02 are pro-jections. These four tables are based on “The Economic andBudget Outlook: Fiscal Years 2002–11,” published by theCongressional Budget Office, January 2001. (Constant dollarfigures are derived.)
Federal Budget CategoriesConstant FY02 $ billions
Federal Budget CategoriesCurrent $ billions
Defense
$52.6
53.7
55.0
51.0
59.0
72.0
82.2
82.7
81.9
79.0
79.3
77.1
80.7
87.6
89.9
97.5
104.6
116.8
134.6
158.0
185.9
209.9
228.0
253.1
273.8
282.5
290.9
304.0
300.1
319.7
302.6
292.4
282.3
273.6
266.0
271.7
270.2
275.5
295.0
301.0
319.0
Year
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Deficit/Surplus
$5.9
4.0
6.5
1.6
3.1
12.6
27.7
0.5
8.7
26.1
26.4
15.4
8.0
55.3
70.5
49.8
54.9
38.7
72.7
74.0
120.1
208.0
185.7
221.7
238.0
169.3
194.0
205.2
277.8
321.6
340.5
300.5
258.9
226.4
174.1
103.4
30.0
+0.7
+86.4
+125.0
+142.0
Entitlements
$34.7
36.2
38.9
39.7
43.4
50.9
59.7
64.7
72.5
86.9
100.8
116.0
130.9
169.5
189.2
203.8
227.5
247.1
291.4
339.4
370.8
410.6
405.6
448.3
461.8
474.2
505.1
549.6
627.0
702.3
716.1
736.5
783.6
817.7
856.9
896.3
938.6
976.8
1,029.0
1,089.0
1,157.0
TotalOutlays
$106.8
111.3
118.5
118.2
134.5
157.5
178.1
183.6
195.6
210.2
230.7
245.7
269.4
332.3
371.8
409.2
458.7
504.0
590.9
678.2
745.8
808.4
851.9
946.4
990.5
1,004.1
1,064.5
1,143.7
1,253.2
1,324.4
1,381.7
1,409.5
1,461.9
1,515.8
1,560.6
1,601.3
1,652.6
1,703.0
1,789.0
1,853.0
1,923.0
Year Total Deficit/ Entitlements DefenseOutlays Surplus
1962 647.0 35.7 210.2 318.7
1963 665.7 23.9 216.5 321.2
1964 699.6 38.4 229.7 324.7
1965 686.9 9.3 230.7 296.4
1966 759.6 17.5 245.1 333.2
1967 862.7 69.0 278.8 394.4
1968 936.2 145.6 313.8 432.1
1969 914.8 2.5 322.4 412.1
1970 922.0 41.0 341.8 386.1
1971 949.1 117.8 392.4 356.7
1972 1009.4 115.5 441.0 347.0
1973 1012.2 63.4 477.9 317.6
1974 999.9 29.7 485.8 299.5
1975 1130.5 188.1 576.6 298.0
1976 1195.5 226.7 608.4 289.1
1977 1235.5 150.4 615.3 294.4
1978 1287.1 154.0 638.4 293.5
1979 1270.6 97.6 623.0 294.5
1980 1312.5 161.5 647.3 299.0
1981 1365.8 149.0 683.5 318.2
1982 1414.2 227.7 703.1 352.5
1983 1485.4 382.2 754.5 385.7
1984 1500.8 327.1 714.5 401.7
1985 1609.3 377.0 762.3 430.4
1986 1652.9 397.2 770.6 456.9
1987 1617.4 272.7 763.8 455.0
1988 1647.1 300.2 781.6 450.1
1989 1688.6 303.0 811.5 448.8
1990 1755.5 389.1 878.3 420.4
1991 1780.5 432.3 944.1 429.8
1992 1801.6 444.0 933.7 394.6
1993 1784.4 380.4 932.4 370.2
1994 1802.0 319.1 965.9 348.0
1995 1822.9 272.3 983.4 329.0
1996 1823.9 203.5 1,001.5 310.9
1997 1827.6 118.0 1,023.0 310.1
1998 1845.5 33.5 1,048.2 301.7
1999 1860.9 +0.8 1,067.4 301
2000 1890.6 +91.3 1,088.3 311.8
2001 1904.9 +128.5 1,119.5 309.4
2002 1,923.0 +142.0 1,157.0 319.0
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2001 51
Federal Budget Outlay CategoriesPercentages of GDP
25
20
15
10
5
0
CP
I p
erc
en
tag
e c
ha
ng
e
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
CPI=Consumer Price Index
Inflation Rates
% change
1.01.31.31.62.93.14.25.55.74.43.26.2
11.09.15.86.57.6
11.313.510.3
6.23.24.33.61.93.64.14.85.44.23.13.02.72.52.92.42.22.23.42.82.8
Year
19621963196419651966196719681969197019711972197319741975197619771978197919801981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002
Defense
Entitlements
Other
62 66 70 74 78 82 86 90 94 98 02
Year
19621963196419651966196719681969197019711972197319741975197619771978197919801981198219831984198519861987198819891990199119921993199419951996199719981999200020012002
Defense
9.28.98.67.47.88.99.48.78.17.36.75.95.65.65.24.94.74.74.95.25.86.15.96.16.26.15.85.65.25.44.94.54.13.73.53.33.13.03.03.02.8
Deficit/Surplus
1.00.71.00.20.41.63.20.10.92.42.21.20.63.54.12.52.51.52.72.43.76.04.85.45.43.63.93.84.85.45.54.63.73.12.31.30.30.0
+0.9+1.2+1.3
Entitlements
6.16.06.15.85.76.36.96.87.18.08.68.89.1
10.910.910.310.3
9.910.711.111.511.910.510.810.510.210.110.210.911.811.511.211.311.211.111.010.910.710.510.510.6
TotalOutlays
18.818.518.517.217.819.420.519.319.319.419.618.718.721.321.420.720.720.121.622.223.123.522.122.922.521.621.221.221.822.322.221.521.020.720.319.619.118.718.218.017.7
62 66 70 74 78 82 86 90 94 98 02
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 200152
Hazardous Duty Pay(Effective Jan. 1, 2001)
Pay GradeO-10O-9O-8O-7O-6O-5O-4O-3O-2O-1E-9E-8E-7E-6E-5E-4E-3E-2E-1
Monthly Rate$150$150$150$150$250$250$225$175$150$150$240$240$240$215$190$165$150$150$150
Provided to qualified rated officers and flight surgeons.
Officers in pay grade O-7 are paid $200 per month. Officers in pay grade O-8 or above are paid$206 per month.
Continuous pay ends following the 25th year of service. Grades O-6 and below with more than25 years of service may receive $250 per month for continued operational flying.
Aviation Career Incentive Pay(Effective Jan. 1, 2001)
MonthlyRate
$585 495 385 250
Years of Serviceas an Officer
more than 22more than 23more than 24
more than 25
MonthlyRate
$125 156 188 206 650
840
Years ofAviation Service
as an Officer
2 or fewer more than 2more than 3more than 4more than 6
more than 14
Amounts have been rounded to the nearest dollar.aBasic pay for pay grades 0-7 through 0-10 is limited to $10,850.10, regardless of cumulative years of service.bCommissioned officers with more than four years’ active service as enlisted members.Basic pay while serving as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff or Chief of Staff of the Air Force is $12,488.70, regardless of cumulative years of service, but the generalofficer cap of $10,850.10 applies, as well.Basic pay while serving as Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force is $4,719, regardless of cumulative years of service.
E-9E-8E-7E-6E-5E-4E-3E-2E-1 4 mos.+E-1<4 mos.
Enlisted Members
Pay GradeO-10a
O-9a
O-8a
O-7a
O-6O-5O-4O-3O-2O-1O-3Eb
O-2Eb
O-1Eb
Commissioned OfficersYears of Service
Monthly Military Basic Rates of Pay(Effective Jan. 1, 2001)
<2 2 3 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 268,519 8,819 — — — 9,157 — 9,664 — 10,356 — 11,049 11,104 11,335 11,7377,550 7,748 7,913 — — 8,114 — 8,452 — 9,157 — 9,664 9,803 10,005 10,3566,838 7,062 7,211 7,252 7,437 7,748 7,820 8,114 8,199 8,452 8,819 9,157 9,383 — —5,682 6,068 — 6,113 6,341 6,515 6,716 6,916 7,117 7,748 8,281 — — — 8,3234,211 4,627 4,930 — 4,949 5,161 5,189 — 5,361 6,005 6,311 6,617 6,791 6,968 7,3103,369 3,955 4,229 4,280 4,451 4,451 4,584 4,832 5,156 5,482 5,637 5,790 5,965 — —2,839 3,457 3,688 3,740 3,953 4,128 4,410 4,629 4,782 4,935 4,987 — — — —2,638 2,991 3,228 3,489 3,656 3,840 3,993 4,190 4,292 — — — — — —2,301 2,621 3,019 3,120 3,185 — — — — — — — — — —1,998 2,079 2,513 — — — — — — — — — — — —0 0 0 3,489 3,656 3,840 3,993 4,190 4,356 4,451 4,580 — — — —0 0 0 3,129 3,185 3,286 3,457 3,590 3,688 — — — — — —0 0 0 2,513 2,684 2,783 2,884 2,984 3,120 — — — — — —
— — — — — — 3,127 3,197 3,287 3,392 3,498 3,602 3,743 3,883 4,061— — — — — 2,622 2,698 2,768 2,853 2,945 3,041 3,138 3,278 3,417 3,6131,831 1,999 2,075 2,150 2,227 2,303 2,379 2,455 2,530 2,607 2,684 2,759 2,891 3,035 3,2511,575 1,740 1,817 1,892 1,970 2,046 2,123 2,197 2,273 2,328 2,368 — 2,370 — —1,382 1,549 1,624 1,701 1,778 1,856 1,931 2,008 — — — — — — —1,289 1,424 1,501 1,576 1,653 — — — — — — — — — —1,215 1,307 1,384 1,385 — — — — — — — — — — —1,169 — — — — — — — — — — — — — —1,043 — — — — — — — — — — — — — —964.8 — — — — — — — — — — — — — —
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2001 53
Housing Allowance(Effective Jan. 1, 2001)
WithDependents
$1,152.601,152.601,152.601,152.601,037.701,000.50
881.70729.30622.80557.10
783.90707.40653.70
748.80690.60641.10592.50532.80462.90431.10410.70410.70
PayGrade
O-10O-9O-8O-7O-6O-5O-4O-3O-2O-1
O-3EO-2EO-1E
E-9E-8E-7E-6E-5E-4E-3E-2E-1
WithoutDependents
$936.60936.60936.60936.60859.20827.40766.50614.70487.50410.70
663.60564.00485.40
568.20521.70445.50403.20372.00323.40317.40257.70230.10
Annual Pay for Federal Civilians(Effective Jan. 1, 2001)
General Schedule
NOTE: Since January 1994, locality-based comparability payments have been applied to General Schedule (GS) and Senior Executive Service (ES) positions in the continentalUnited States. In other words, pay is higher in areas of the US where nonfederal salaries are higher. Because there are 30 locality pay areas recognized by the Office of PersonnelManagement, there are in effect 30 different GS and ES pay schedules based on the schedule above. Locality pay adjustments do not apply to employees already receivingspecial salary rates that exceed the locality rate nor to overseas employees.
ES-6
$125,700
Senior Executive Service
ES-1
$109,100
ES-2
$114,200
ES-3
$119,400
ES-4
$125,500
ES-5
$125,700
Grade Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 Step 5 Step 6 Step 7 Step 8 Step 9 Step 10
GS-1 $14,244 $14,719 $15,193 $15,664 $16,139 $16,418 $16,884 $17,356 $17, 375 $17,819GS-2 16,015 16,395 16,926 17,375 17,571 18,088 18,605 19,122 19,639 20,156GS-3 17,474 18,056 18,638 19,220 19,802 20,384 20,966 21,548 22,130 22,712GS-4 19,616 20,270 20,924 21,578 22,232 22,886 23,540 24,194 24,848 25,502GS-5 21,947 22,679 23,411 24,143 24,875 25,607 26,339 27,071 27,803 28,535GS-6 24,463 25,278 26,093 26,908 27,723 28,538 29,353 30,168 30,983 31,798GS-7 27,185 28,091 28,997 29,903 30,809 31,715 32,621 33,527 34,433 35,339GS-8 30,107 31,111 32,115 33,119 34,123 35,127 36,131 37,135 38,139 39,143GS-9 33,254 34,362 35,470 36,578 37,686 38,794 39,902 41,010 42,118 43,226GS-10 36,621 37,842 39,063 40,284 41,505 42,726 43,947 45,168 46,389 47,610GS-11 40,236 41,577 42,918 44,259 45,600 46,941 48,282 49,623 50,964 52,305GS-12 48,223 49,830 51,437 53,044 54,651 56,258 57,865 59,472 61,079 62,686GS-13 57,345 59,257 61,169 63,081 64,993 66,905 68,817 70,729 72,641 74,553GS-14 67,765 70,024 72,283 74,542 76,801 79,060 81,319 83,578 85,837 88,096GS-15 79,710 82,367 85,024 87,681 90,338 92,995 95,652 98,309 100,966 103,623
Subsistence Allowance(Effective Jan. 1, 2001)
Officers
Enlisted Members
When on leave or authorized tomess separately
When rations in-kind are notavailable
When assigned to duty underemergency conditions where noUS mess facilities are available
E-1 <4 Months
$7.07/day
$7.97/day
$10.56/day
Cash/In-Kind
$160.42/month
All Other Enlisted
$7.66/day
$8.63/day
$11.43/day
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2001 55
EquipmentTotal Active Inventory (TAI): aircraft assigned to operating forces for mission,training, test, or maintenance. Includes primary, backup, and attrition aircraft.Primary Aircraft Inventory (PAI): aircraft assigned to meet Primary AircraftAuthorization (PAA).
Type TAI PAI Type TAI PAI
Bomber
B-1B-2B-52Total
Fighter/Attack
A-10OA-10F-15F-16F-22F-117YF-117Total
Helicopter
HH-60TH-53UH-1Total
Reconnaissance/BM/C3I
E-3E-4E-8EC-18EC-130EC-135NC-135OC-135RC-135RQ-1U-2WC-135Total
Special Ops Forces
AC-130MC-130MH-53Total
Tanker
HC-130KC-10KC-135
Active Duty Inventory(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
752185
181
12984
614773
352
31,658
635
62130
32483
22312
218
312
137
214838
107
1259
254
631649
128
11466
514670
344
31,414
434
4794
24383
16102
165
290
107
16403591
1054
229
NKC-135Total
Trainer
AT-38T-1T-3T-6T-37T-38T-39T-41T-43TC-18TC-135TE-8TG-3TG-4TG-7TG-9TG-10TG-11TU-2UV-18Total
Transport
C-5C-9C-12C-17C-20C-21C-32C-37C-130C-135C-137C-141NC-130VC-25Total
Total Active
3328
93180110
13417416
33
114213
14941243
1,293
812330671375
43
19242
6922
567
4,401
3296
80152110
10352284
33
100202
10840242
1,038
702230551273
42
16442
5222
494
3,662
18
7626
126569797
18
8
4
10223233
1323
122
2341
17284
1,362
16
721893
460643
15
4
4
7204211
1222
112
2150
16260
1,153
Air National Guard Inventory(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Type TAI PAI
Bomber
B-1
Fighter/Attack
A-10OA-10F-15F-16Total
Helicopter
HH-60G
Reconnaissance/BM/C3I
EC-130
Special Ops Forces
MC-130
Tanker
HC-130KC-135Total
Transport
C-5C-21C-22C-26C-38C-130C-135C-141Total
Total ANG
Bomber
B-52
Fighter/Attack
A-10OA-10F-16Total
Helicopter
HH-60
Reconnaissance/BM/C3I
WC-130
Special Ops Forces
MC-130
Tanker
HC-130KC-135Total
Transport
C-5C-130C-141Total
Total AFRC
9
448
70122
23
14
14
86977
32107
44183
442
8
396
55100
21
10
12
86472
289940
167
390
Air Force Reserve CommandInventory
(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Type TAI PAI
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 200156
Age of the Active Duty Fleet(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Age in Years
A/OA-10B-1B-2B-52C-5C-9KC-10C-12C-17C-18a
C-20C-21C-25C-32C-37C-130b
C-135b
C-137b
C-141b
E-3E-4E-8F-15F-16F-22F-117c
G-3G-4G-7G-9G-10G-11H-1b
H-53b
H-60b
RQ-1T-1T-3T-6T-37T-38T-39T-41T-43U-2UV-18Total
Percentd
0–3
1
31
43
617
82
761
13
99
2%
3–6
11
20
1
3
2
401
4
12
29078
1256
6%
6–9
6
1521
15
1
72222
14
8932
469
11%
9–12
3
11
1
1
2
15
1132314
5531
123
2
565
13%
12–15
73
39
234
84
18
95126
144
49
12
424
10%
15–1850
2
248
371
1
5
10148
15
10
14
343
8%
21–244
4
8
14
316
4
273
2%
24+
853123
14
237293
169
44
1
6238
417509
33
114
1,809
41%
Average18.813.3
6.138.818.829.515.720.5
3.615.012.915.7
9.92.01.4
28.038.718.333.920.826.3
2.814.410.1
2.09.49.6
15.015.013.6
5.65.2
29.728.110.4
2.15.95.60.3
37.233.539.630.526.517.016.521.2
aIncludes EC-18. bIncludes all types. cIncludes YF-117. dPercentages are rounded.
18–21159
11
5
9
1659
3
3
364
8%
Total213
7521858123593067
71375
243
297293
26932
49
614773
355
314
9412
624363
8180110
13417509
33
1135
34,402
Total Number of USAF Aircraft in Service Over Time(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Type of aircraft
BomberTankerFighter/interceptor/attackReconnaissance/electronic warfareTransportSearch & rescue (fixed wing)Helicopter (includes rescue)TrainerUtility/observation/other
Total active dutyAir National GuardAFRC
Total active duty, ANG, and AFRCTotal aircraft, including
foreign-government-owned
FY98
179317
1,613211610
9165
1,24796
4,4471,351
430
6,228
6,327
FY00
181316
1,595209570
12168
1,26189
4,4011,362
442
6,205
6,304
FY94
178326
1,781225733
34189
1,188107
4,7611,586
468
6,815
7,028
FY95
183325
1,750318690
12123
1,205104
4,7101,461
462
6,633
6,725
FY96
185314
1,637257654
9174
1,19398
4,5211,426
447
6,394
6,476
FY97
177310
1,631252612
9178
1,23498
4,5011,375
454
6,330
6,412
FY99
179317
1,594211592
10165
1,24798
4,4131,360
430
6,203
6,302
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2001 57
Age of the Air National Guard Fleet(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Age in Years
A-10B-1C-5C-21C-22C-26C-38C-130C-135C-141F-15F-16H-60TotalPercent
0–3
29
111%
Percentages have been rounded.
21–2423
8
1092
14210%
3–6
6
27
12
453%
6–9
5
34
127
584%
9–12
1
34
13311
17913%
12–15
18
2
24
251
29522%
15–1811
3
17
3126
16012%
18–2168
15
533
1219%
Average19.813.329.413.015.7
6.62.5
19.740.434.222.313.5
9.920.6
24+
13
88223
179
35026%
Total102
1813
23
122
256223
17126569
181,361
Age of the Air Force Reserve Command Fleet(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Age in Years
0–3
7
72%
3–6
15
153%
6–9
17
174%
9–12
15
172355
12%
12–15
24
51
7517%
15–181
7
2
102%
18–2148
1
4911%
21–243
30.7%
24+
932576944
21148%
Average20.038.529.319.939.733.912.810.123.8
Percentages have been rounded.
A-10B-52C-5C-130C-135C-141F-16H-60TotalPercent
Total52
932
14369447023
442
DMSP: Defense Meteorological Satellite Program DSCS: Defense Satellite Communications System DSP: Defense Support Program GPS: Global Positioning SystemAs of FY00, satellite data show the number of satellites that are primary mission capable.
ICBMs and Spacecraft in Service(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Type of system
Minuteman II ICBMMinuteman III ICBMPeacekeeper ICBM
Total ICBMs
DMSP satelliteDSCS satelliteDSP satellite (data classified)GPS satelliteMilstar
Total satellites
FY98
0530
50
580
25
—26
2
35
FY97
0530
50
580
25
—26
2
35
FY00
0500
50
550
25
—24
2
33
FY94
0500
50
550
25
—24
1
32
FY95
0530
50
580
35
—25
2
35
FY96
0530
50
580
25
—26
2
35
FY99
0500
50
550
25
—26
2
35
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 200158
USAF Squadrons by Mission Type(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Active forcesBomberAir refuelingStrategic command & controlFighterReconnaissanceElectronic warfareSpecial Operations ForcesGround theater air controlAirborne theater air controlWeatherRescueTheater airliftLong-range airliftSpecial missionAeromedical airliftICBMSpace operationsSpace communicationsSpace warningSpace surveillanceSpace launchRange
Total
Reserve forcesANG Selected ReserveAFRCSpace operationsSpace warning
Total
Grand total
FY99
1024
246
03
138807
1220
23
1410
18652
204
8862
30
153
357
FY97
1023
154
43
165907
1317
23
1410
18652
213
8860
10
149
362
FY00
1026
246
13
147807
1220
23
14817632
202
8868
42
162
364
FY96
1023
154
43
165717
1215
23
1410
29752
212
8748
10
136
348
FY98
1025
247
03
138807
1120
23
1410
18652
205
8862
30
153
358
Description
Minuteman over MassachusettsRed stripe with “Happy Hooligans” logoDark gray bison’s skull against prairie/mountain profileSubdued hawk with banner in talonsGray lightning boltBlack falcon with talons extended and “California” logoTexas star on subdued jagged stripes with “Houston” logoStars of Little Dipper constellation and “Duluth” logoSubdued “Vermont” on top of tail with figure of Ethan AllenSubdued “Atlantic City” at top of tailSubdued eagle and “Oregon” logoStarburst state flag and “Arizona” logo
Air National Guard Air Defense Unit Fin Flashes
Aircraft
F-15A/BF-16A/BF-16A/BF-15A/BF-15A/BF-16C/DF-16C/DF-16A/BF-16C/DF-16C/DF-15A/BF-16A/B
Unit and Location
102nd FW, Otis ANGB, Mass.119th FW, Hector IAP, N.D.120th FW, Great Falls IAP, Mont.a
123rd FS (142nd FW), Portland IAP, Ore.125th FW, Jacksonville IAP, Fla.144th FW, Fresno Yosemite IAP, Calif.147th FW, Ellington Field, Tex.a
148th FW, Duluth IAP, Minn.158th FW, Burlington IAP, Vt.a
177th FW, Atlantic City IAP, N.J.a
114th FS (173rd FW), Klamath Falls IAP, Ore.b
162nd FW, Tucson IAP, Ariz.b
aGeneral-purpose units (no longer air defense only).bANG training units.
Aircraft per Active DutyUSAF Squadron
(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
Aircraft
A/OA-10B-1BB-2B-52C-5C-9AC-17C-130AC-130EC-130HHC-130P/NMC-130MH-53JMH-60GKC-10AKC-135C-141BE-3E-8F-15F-15EF-16F-117AU-2HH-60G
Number
1216102016
65
151211
89
188
152711
53
21102815
211
USAF Aircraft Flying Hours(In thousands, as of Sept. 30, 2000)
Active duty
ANG
AFRC
Total
FY00
1,555
342
139
2,036
FY94
1,750
412
155
2,317
FY95
1,709
403
141
2,253
FY96
1,657
380
144
2,181
FY97
1,680
375
150
2,205
FY98
1,644
361
149
2,154
FY99
1,633
357
142
2,132
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2001 59
Ph
ot o
by
Eri
k H
ilde
bra
nd
t
Among the Air National Guard aircraftfin flashes are the subdued-eagle
emblems displayed on these F-15sfrom the Oregon ANG.
Class A Aircraft Mishaps(As of Sept. 30, 2000)
(Loss of life, permanent total disability, destroyed aircraft, or more than $1 million in property damage)
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
Fiscal Year
Mis
hap
s p
er 1
00,0
00 f
lyin
g h
ou
rs
10-year average: 1.37
Data provided by USAF.
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
fatalities destroyed aircraft
Tota
l nu
mb
er p
er y
ear
91
Fiscal Year
92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 10-yearaverage
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 200160
Source: USAF
USAF Aircraft Tail Markings
Code
ACAF
AK
AKALAN
AVAZBBBCBDCA
CBCCCICOCTDCDEDM
DR
DYEDEFEGELENET
FCFEFFFL
FMFSFTFWGAGAHA
HDHH
HIHLHOHOHTHVIDILISJZKCLALILNLRMAMAMDMIMK
MM
Unit and Location
177th FW (ANG), Atlantic City IAP, N.J.34th OG, USAF Academy, Colo.
3rd Wing, Elmendorf AFB, Alaska
354th FW, Eielson AFB, Alaska187th FW (ANG), Dannelly Fld, Ala.176th Wing (ANG), Kulis ANGB, Alaska
31st FW, Aviano AB, Italy162nd FW (ANG), Tucson IAP, Ariz.9th RW, Beale AFB, Calif.110th FW (ANG), W.K. Kellogg Arpt, Mich.917th Wing (AFRC), Barksdale AFB, La.129th RQW (ANG), Moffett Fed Afld,Calif.14th FTW, Columbus AFB, Miss.27th FW, Cannon AFB, N.M.146th AW, Channel Islands ANGS, Calif.140th Wing, Buckley AFB, Colo.103rd FW (ANG), Bradley IAP, Conn.113th Wing (ANG), Andrews AFB, Md.166th AW (ANG), New Castle Co. Arpt, Del.355th Wing, Davis–Monthan AFB, Ariz.
305th RQS (AFRC), Davis–Monthan AFB,Ariz.7th BW, Dyess AFB, Tex.412th TW, Edwards AFB, Calif.147th FW (ANG), Ellington Fld, Tex.33rd FW, Eglin AFB, Fla.28th BW, Ellsworth AFB, S.D.80th FTW, Sheppard AFB, Tex.46th TW, Eglin AFB, Fla.
336th TG, Fairchild AFB, Wash.90th SPW, F.E. Warren AFB, Wyo.1st FW, Langley AFB, Va.920th RQG (AFRC), Patrick AFB, Fla.
482nd FW (AFRC), Homestead ARS, Fla.188th FW (ANG), Fort Smith MAP, Ark.23rd FG, Pope AFB, N.C.122nd FW (ANG), Fort Wayne IAP, Ind.116th BW (ANG), Robins AFB, Ga.165th AW (ANG), Savannah IAP, Ga.185th FW (ANG), Sioux Gateway Airport,Iowa53rd WEG, Holloman AFB, N.M.154th Wing, Hickam AFB, Hawaii
419th FW (AFRC), Hill AFB, Utah388th FW, Hill AFB, Utah49th FW, Holloman AFB, N.M.Luftwaffe RTU, Holloman AFB, N.M.46th TG, Holloman AFB, N.M.30th SPW, Vandenberg AFB, Calif.124th Wing (ANG), Boise Air Term., Idaho182nd AW (ANG), Greater Peoria RAP, Ill.85th Group (ACC), NAS Keflavik, Iceland159th FW (ANG), NAS New Orleans JRB442nd FW (AFRC), Whiteman AFB, Mo.2nd BW, Barksdale AFB, La.106th RW (ANG), F.S. Gabreski IAP, N.Y.48th FW, RAF Lakenheath, UK944th FW (AFRC), Luke AFB, Ariz.102nd FW (ANG), Otis ANGB, Mass.104th FW (ANG), Barnes MAP, Mass.175th Wing (ANG), Martin State Arpt, Md.127th Wing (ANG), Selfridge ANGB, Mich.440th AW (AFRC), Gen. Mitchell IAP/ARS, Wis.341st SPW, Malmstrom AFB, Mont.
Aircraft
F-16C-150, gliders, T-41,UV-18C-12, C-130H,F-15C/D/EA/OA-10A, F-16C/DF-16C/DC-130H, HC-130N,HH-60GF-16C/DF-16A/B/C/DT-38A, U-2A/OA-10AB-52H, A/OA-10AHC-130P, HH-60G
T-1, T-37B, T-38AF-16C/DC-130EF-16C/DA/OA-10AF-16C/DC-130HA/OA-10A,EC-130E/HHH-60G
B-1BVariousF-16C/DF-15C/DB-1BAT-38B, T-37B, T-38AA-10A, F-15A/B/C/D/E,F-16A/B/C/D, UH-1NUH-1NUH-1NF-15C/DC-130E, HC-130P/N,HH-60GF-16C/DF-16A/BA/OA-10AF-16C/DB-1BC-130HF-16C/D
QF-4C-130H, F-15A/B,KC-135RF-16C/DF-16C/DF-117A, T-38AF-4FAT-38B, C-12, F-15AUH-1NA/OA-10A, C-130EC-130EHH-60GF-15A/BA/OA-10B-52HHC-130P, HH-60GF-15C/D/EF-16C/DF-15A/BA/OA-10AA/OA-10A, C-130JF-16C/D, C-130EC-130H
UH-1N
Code
MNMNMO
MTMTMYMYNC
NMNONVNYOFOH
OHOHOK
OKOKOS
OTOT
OTPAPD
PR
RA
RIRSSASCSDSISJSLSPSTSWTDTHTXTXTYVAVNWA
WEWIWMWPWRWVWVWWWYXLXPYJ
ZZ
Unit and Location
133rd AW (ANG), Minn.–St. Paul IAP/ARS148th FW (ANG), Duluth IAP, Minn.366th Wing, Mountain Home AFB, Idaho
5th BW, Minot AFB, N.D.91st SPW, Minot AFB, N.D.347th Rescue Wing, Moody AFB, Ga.479th FTG (AETC), Moody AFB, Ga.145th AW (ANG), Charlotte/Douglas IAP,N.C.150th FW (ANG), Kirtland AFB, N.M.926th FW (AFRC), NAS New Orleans JRB152nd AW (ANG), Reno/Tahoe IAP, Nev.174th FW (ANG), Syracuse Hancock IAP, N.Y.55th Wing, Offutt AFB, Neb.178th FW (ANG), Springfield–Beckley MAP,Ohio179th AG (ANG), Mansfield Lahm Arpt, Ohio180th FW (ANG), Toledo Exp Arpt, Ohio137th AW (ANG), Will Rogers World Arpt,Okla.138th FW (ANG), Tulsa IAP, Okla.552nd ACW, Tinker AFB, Okla.51st FW, Osan AB, South Korea
85th TES, 53rd Wing (ACC), Eglin AFB, Fla.422nd TES, 53rd Wing, Nellis AFB, Nev.
Det. 1, 53rd WEG, Holloman AFB, N.M.111th FW (ANG), Willow Grove ARS, Pa.939th RW (AFRC), Portland IAP, Ore.
156th AW (ANG), Luis Munoz Marin IAP,Puerto Rico12th FTW, Randolph AFB, Hondo Arpt,Tex.143rd AW (ANG), Quonset State Arpt, R.I.86th AW, Ramstein AB, Germany149th FW (ANG), Kelly AFB, Tex.169th FW (ANG), McEntire ANGS, S.C.114th FW (ANG), Joe Foss Fld, S.D.183rd FW (ANG), Capital MAP, Ill.4th FW, Seymour Johnson AFB, N.C.131st FW (ANG), Lambert–St. Louis IAP, Mo.52nd FW, Spangdahlem AB, Germany82nd TW, Sheppard AFB, Tex.20th FW, Shaw AFB, S.C.53rd Wing, Tyndall AFB, Fla.181st FW (ANG), Hulman RAP, Ind.136th AW (ANG), NAS F.W. JRB, Tex.301st FW (AFRC), NAS F.W. JRB, Tex.325th FW, Tyndall AFB, Fla.192nd FW (ANG), Richmond IAP, Va.71st FTW, Vance AFB, Okla.57th Wing, Nellis AFB, Nev.
53rd WEG, Tyndall AFB, Fla.115th FW (ANG), Truax Fld, Wis.509th BW, Whiteman AFB, Mo.8th FW, Kunsan AB, South Korea93rd ACW, Robins AFB, Ga.130th AW (ANG), Yeager Arpt, W. Va.167th AW (ANG), E. W. Va. RAP, W. Va.35th FW, Misawa AB, Japan153rd AW (ANG), Cheyenne MAP, Wyo.47th FTW, Laughlin AFB, Tex.139th AW (ANG), Rosecrans Mem Arpt, Mo.374th AW, Yokota AB, Japan
18th Wing, Kadena AB, Japan
Aircraft
C-130HF-16A/BB-1B, F-15C/D/E,F-16C/D, KC-135RB-52HUH-1NHC-130P, HH-60GAT-38B, T-6AC-130H
F-16C/DA/OA-10AC-130EF-16C/DVariousF-16C/D
C-130HF-16C/DC-130H
F-16C/DE-3B/C, TC-18EA/OA-10A, C-12,F-16C/DF-15C/D/E, F-16C/DA-10A, F-15C/D/E,F-16C/D, HH-60GF-117A/OA-10AHC-130P, HH-60G,C-130EC-130E
AT-38B, T-1A, T-6A,T-37B, T-38A, T-43AC-130EC-130EF-16C/DF-16C/DF-16C/DF-16C/DF-15EF-15A/BA/OA-10A, F-16C/DVariousF-16C/DQF-4F-16C/DC-130HF-16CF-15C/DF-16C/DT-1A, T-37B, T-38AA-10, F-15C/D/E,F-16C/D, HH-60,RQ-1E-9AF-16C/DB-2A, T-38AF-16C/DE-8C, TE-8AC-130HC-130EF-16C/DC-130HT-1A, T-37B, T-38AC-130HC-21A, C-130E/H,UH-1NE-3B, F-15C/D,KC-135R, HH-60G
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2001 61
Airman Basic(E-1)
No insignia
Airman(E-2)
Airman First Class(E-3)
Senior Airman(E-4)
Staff Sergeant(E-5)
Technical Sergeant(E-6)
USAF Grades and Insignia
Second Lieutenant(O-1)
First Lieutenant(O-2)
Captain(O-3)
Major(O-4)
Lieutenant Colonel(O-5)
Colonel(O-6)
Brigadier General(O-7)
Major General(O-8)
Lieutenant General(O-9)
General(O-10)
Master Sergeant(E-7)
Senior Master Sergeant(E-8)
Chief Master Sergeant(E-9)
Chief Master Sergeant ofthe Air Force
First SergeantThe diamond device, shown
here on senior master sergeantstripes, denotes an E-7 throughE-9 who advises and assists a
squadron commander inmanaging unit activities.
EnlistedOfficer
Command Chief MasterSergeant
The star device shown heredenotes an E-9 who serves in a9E000 position, formerly known
as a senior enlisted advisor.
62 AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2001
Awards and DecorationsThis display represents, in correct order of precedence, selected ribbons from World War II to present day. For information regarding ribbons not depicted, refer to AFI 36-2803.
62 AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2001
*Also awarded with gold, silver, or bronze devices. The gold frame on the ribbon denotes a unit citation; without, an individual citation.
Medal of Honor Air Force Cross Defense DistinguishedService Medal
Distinguished ServiceMedal (AF)
Silver Star
Bronze Star MedalAirman’s MedalDistinguished FlyingCross
Legion of MeritDefense SuperiorService Medal
Purple Heart Defense MeritoriousService Medal
Meritorious ServiceMedal (AF)
Air Medal Aerial AchievementMedal
Joint ServiceCommendation Medal
Air ForceCommendation Medal
Joint ServiceAchievement Medal
Air ForceAchievement Medal
Presidential UnitCitation
Joint MeritoriousUnit Award
AF Outstanding UnitAward
AF OrganizationalExcellence Award
Prisoner of War Medal Combat ReadinessMedal
Air Force GoodConduct Medal
Good Conduct Medal Air Reserve ForcesMeritorious Service Medal
Outstanding Airmanof the Year
Air Force RecognitionRibbon
American DefenseService Medal
American CampaignMedal
Asiatic–PacificCampaign Medal
European–African–MiddleEastern Campaign Medal
World War IIVictory Medal
Army of OccupationMedal
Medal for HumaneAction
National DefenseService Medal
Korean Service Medal Antarctica ServiceMedal
Armed ForcesExpeditionary Medal
Vietnam Service Medal Southwest AsiaService Medal
Armed ForcesService Medal
HumanitarianService Medal
Military OutstandingVolunteer Service Medal
Air Force OverseasRibbon–Short
Air Force OverseasRibbon–Long
AF LongevityService Award Ribbon
USAF Basic MilitaryTraining Instructor
Ribbon
Armed Forces ReserveMedal
USAF NCO PMEGraduate Ribbon
USAF Basic MilitaryTraining Honor
Graduate Ribbon
Small Arms ExpertMarksmanship Ribbon
Air Force TrainingRibbon
Philippine DefenseRibbon
Philippine LiberationRibbon
Philippine IndependenceRibbon
Philippine PresidentialUnit Citation
ROK Presidential UnitCitation
RVN Gallantry Crosswith Palm*
United NationsService Medal
United NationsMedal
NATO Medal Republic of VietnamCampaign Medal
Kuwait Liberation Medal,Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Kuwait Liberation Medal,Government of Kuwait
Republic of Korea WarService Medal
Air Force RecruiterRibbon
Kosovo CampaignMedal
AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2000 73
Wings and Badges
Silver and Bronze StarsWhen worn together on a single
ribbon, silver stars will be worn to thewearer’s right of any bronze star.
Silver Staris worn in the same manner as the
bronze star, but each is worn in lieuof five bronze service stars.
Bronze Starrepresents participation in
campaigns or operations, multiplequalifications, or an additional award
to any of the various ribbons onwhich it is authorized.
Bronze Oak Leaf Clusterrepresents second and subsequent
entitlements of awards.
Silver Oak Leaf Clusterrepresents the sixth, 11th, etc.,
entitlements or is worn in lieu of fivebronze OLCs.
Silver/Bronze Oak Leaf ClustersSilver OLCs are worn to the wearer’s rightof the bronze OLCs on the same ribbon.
Valor Devicerepresents valor and does not denotean additional award. Only one may be
earned on any ribbon. It is worn tothe wearer’s right of any clusters on
the same ribbon.
Berlin Airlift Deviceis worn with the Army of Occupation
Medal to denote service of 90consecutive days in direct support of
the Berlin Airlift, June 26, 1948, toSept. 30, 1949.
Mobility Deviceis worn with the Armed Forces
Reserve Medal to denote active dutyfor at least one day during a
contingency.
Pilot
Navigator/Observer
Enlisted Aircrew
Astronaut
Flight Surgeon
Flight Nurse
Officer Aircrew Member
Missile withOperationsDesignator
Missile
The astronaut designator indicates a USAF ratedofficer qualified to perform duties in space (50 milesand up) and who has completed at least oneoperational mission. Pilot wings are used here toillustrate the position of the designator on the wings.
Shown here and on p. 74 are current wings andbadges. The basic level of wings or badges isillustrated. Most wings and badges have two othercategories of accomplishment—senior and eithercommander, master, or chief. A star centered abovethe badge indicates the senior level, while a starsurrounded by a wreath above the badge representsthe master level.
Devices
Five USAF career fields are authorized to wear acolored beret along with the crest of that particular
field. Below are those badges on their particular beretcolor.
Berets
Combat ControlTeam
CombatWeather
The parachutist badgeindicates the wearer is
at the master level.
Tactical AirControl Party
Pararescue
ForceProtection
Officers display theirrank in a plain blue
shield above the motto“Defensor Fortis.”
Hourglass Deviceis issued for the Armed Forces
Reserve Medal in bronze for 10 yearsof service, silver for 20, and gold for
30 years.
74 AIR FORCE Magazine / May 2000
Badges, continued
Biomedical Science Dental CorpsCorps
Buddhist Christian
Jewish Muslim
Medical
Chaplain
Enlisted Medical Medical Corps
Medical Service Nurse CorpsCorps
Acquisition and FinancialManagement
Communications and Information Explosive Ordnance Disposal Force Protection
Chaplain Service Support Civil Engineer Command and Control
Band Air Traffic Control
Historian IntelligenceInformation Management
Public AffairsParalegalParachutist
Operations SupportMeteorologistManpower and Personnel
MaintenanceLogisticsJudge Advocate
Weapons DirectorTransportation
Supply/FuelsSpace/MissileServices