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USING
QUESTIONNAIRES
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Steps to a Successful Survey
Step 1 – What do you want to know?
Step 2 – What is the audience?
Step 3 - Audience + Purpose = Design
Step 4 – Pilot survey
Step 5 – Gather Information
Step 6 - How will this information be used?
Step 7 - Celebrating your success.
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What do you want to know?
• Be clear about the goal of the questionnaire.
• What will it accomplish?
• What do you want to find out?
• What information do you require - Opinions, Preferences,
Ideas, Priorities, etc?
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What is the audience?
• How are you going to use the questionnaire?
• Identify who should be interviewed?
• How will you select the sample?
• How big should the sample be?
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Audience + Purpose = Design
• How should you write the questions?
• What will you do with the responses?
• Have you included one open-ended type question?
• Have you included a copy of the questionnaire in the
appendix of the investigation?
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Pilot survey
• Are the instructions clear and were the questions
understood?
• Are the alternative options appropriate?
• Are the answer what you expected?
• Can the responses be presented as charts, graphs
and tables.
• Do you need to modify the questionnaire?
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Gather Information
• Have you completed the survey?
• Have you collated responses using tally
charts?
• Have you recorded results in a spreadsheet?
• Have you included a copy of the spreadsheet
in the appendix of the investigation?
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How will this information be
used?
• Have you used the most appropriate chart, graph or
table to present the results?
• Have you used the evidence from the questionnaire to
form a conclusion about local/Wales perspective of the
Individual Investigation?
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Celebrating your success
• Does your evidence contribute to all assessment criteria?
• Planning –
Have you explained why you designed and used a
questionnaire, why and how you selected your sample,
and how the results will be analysed?
• Using Sources – Have you included questionnaire and
results?
• Presentation – Have you used a variety of charts, graphs
and tables to present the results?
• Conclusion and evaluation – Have you drawn conclusion
from responses and evaluate how well the survey,
questionnaire and sample provided required evidence?
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Celebrating your success
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Types of Questions
• Two important aspects are structure of the questions
and the types of response formats for each question.
• There are many different types of questions.
• The most common are closed and open questions.
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Closed (or multiple choice)
questions
• Respondent choose an option and are asked to tick or
circle the chosen answer.
• These questions provide data which is easy to
present in the form of a chart, graph or table.
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Two choices questions
This type should be limited to only 1 or 2.
Did you watch television at all yesterday?
Yes / No
Do not present in pie chart or bar chart, just
state a fraction or percentage.
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Multiple Choice questions
Which of these shops do you prefer?
Next / River Island / Top Shop / Primark
Present as bar chart if interested in how
many for each option but use a pie chart
if proportion of the whole is important.
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Number scales
Make sure categories do not overlap, they
must be mutually exclusive.
1. How old are you?
Under 20 20 – 30 31 – 40 41 – 50 51 – 60 61 or more
2. How often do you watch TV on a typical day?
Less than 1 hour 1 – 3 hours more than 3 hours
Present as bar chart if interested in how many for each
option but a pie chart if proportion of the whole is
important.
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Rank order
Please indicate, in rank order, your preferred
chocolate bar, putting 1 next to your favourite
through to 5 for your least favourite.
Double Decker ……..
Crunchie ……..
Wispa ……..
Mars Bar ……..
Creme Egg ……..
Present as a table or component bar chart
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Agreement scale
4 options ensure a choice is made, with 5
options many choose the middle.
How much do you agree with the following
statement?
Assessment by coursework is easier than
assessment by examination.Strongly agree Agree Disagree Strongly disagree
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Rating scale
1. How would you rate this product?
Excellent Good Fair Poor
2. On a scale of 1 to 5 where 1 is not interested at all and 5 is very interested.
How interested are you in using this exhibit in an
exhibition?
1 2 3 4 5
Present as bar chart if interested in how many for each
option but a pie chart if proportion of the whole is
important.
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Open-ended questions
• Respondents answer in their own words.
• These questions can be difficult to analyse.
• Should be at the end of the questionnaire.
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What are your favourite TV programmes?
(Please specify their titles)
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What do you think are the main causes of racism?
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