Download - Vaccine Timeline
Vaccine Timeline
A Look Through Time
START
Instructions:
For this assignment you will use the following timeline to answer questions 1 and 3. To answer question 2 you will need to find creditable resources dealing with the topic on the internet. DUE: 3/2/2004 This assignment is to be turned in on paper.
1. Why is it possible to eliminate a disease like smallpox but not tetanus?
2. Write a paragraph discussing the conditions surrounding the retraction of the Rotavirus vaccine from the market. Specifically compare the sample size used in the trials for testing the Rotavirus vaccine to that of the complication rate. Why is it that the Rotavirus vaccine was initially viewed as safe?
3. Compare Dr. Kortum’s children’s immunization records which can be found within the timeline. For each child list the ages that they received the Hepatitis B vaccine as well as the Chicken Pox (Varicella) vaccine. What accounts for the differences you see in the ages they received them? Are there any vaccines that one child has that another doesn’t, and WHY?
To Timeline
19051796
1879
1881
1882
1890
1897
1926
1927
1935
1937
1945 1952
1964
1967
1970
1974
1977
1981
1972
1971
1971
• MMR (tri-valent measles/mumps/rubella) licensed.
1972
• U.S. ended routine use of smallpox vaccine
See also 1796 , 1905 , 2003
1992
1985
1997
1998
1999
2001
2003
Today
1994
1995
Back to the start
1995
• Chicken Pox vaccine licensed and put into wide spread use.
See also 1974
2003
• Smallpox vaccine stored in emergency first responder med-kits.
See also 1796 , 1905 , 1972
2001
Katie’s Immunization
1999
• Rotavirus vaccine pulled off market due to significant adverse reactions.
1998
• First vaccine for Rotavirus
Structure of rotavirus obtained by electron cryomicroscopy and computer image processing.
www.bcm.tmc.edu/biochem/ biochem_images.html
1994
Max’s immunization
Max with baby Katie
1997
Zach’s Immunizations
1992
• First vaccine for Hepatitis A
Alex’s immunizations
1985
• First vaccine for Haemophilus influenzae B (HiB)
1981
• First vaccine for Hepatitis B
Photo courtesy of CDC
1977
• First vaccine for Pneumonia
1974
• First vaccine for Chicken Pox (Varicella)
See also 1995
1970
• First vaccine for Rubella
1967
• First vaccine for Mumps
1964
• First vaccine for Measles
1952
• First vaccine for Polio
1945
• First vaccine for Influenza
1937
• First vaccine for Typhus
1935
• First vaccine for Yellow Fever
1927
• First vaccine for Tuberculosis
1926
• First vaccine for Pertussis or the Whooping Cough
1890
• First vaccine for Tetanus
• First vaccine for Diphtheria
Tetanus
• Tetanus is a disease caused by the toxin of the bacterium Clostridium tetani that affects the central nervous system, sometimes resulting in death. Spores of the bacterium Clostridium tetani live in the soil and are found around the world. In the spore form, C. tetani may remain dormant in the soil, and it can remain infectious for more than 40 years.
1897
• First vaccine for the Plague
1882• First vaccine for Rabies
1881
• First vaccine for Anthrax
1879
• First vaccine for Cholera
1796
• Smallpox vaccine is created, the first vaccine for any disease.
See also 1905 , 1972 , 2003
1905
• In 1905 the US Supreme Court upholds state law mandating smallpox vaccinations
See also 1796 , 1972 , 2003
Smallpox
• Smallpox is a viral disease unique to humans. It is caused by the variola virus. To sustain itself, the virus must pass from person to person in a continuing chain of infection and is spread by inhalation of air droplets or aerosols.
References • Smallpox information
– http://www.bt.cdc.gov/agent/smallpox/overview/disease-facts.asp– http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/EID/vol5no4/henderson.htm
• Tetanus information– http://www.uhseast.com/14545.cfm
• Vaccine timeline information– http://www.909shot.com/Timeline/timeline.htm– http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_vaccines
• Images– http://www.idph.state.il.us/about/vpcd.htm– Microsoft health clipart collection on-line