Download - Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
1/34
6/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo 1
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
2/34
Central Nervous System
Brain
Spinal cord
Peripheral Nervous System
Cranial nerves
Spinal nerves
6/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo2
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
3/34
Prosencephalon
Telencephalon
(Cerebrum)
Diencephalon
(Thalamus,
Hypothalamus)
Mesencephalon
Rhombencephalon Metencephalon (Pons)
Myelencephalon
(Medulla Oblongata)
Cerebellum6/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo 3
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
4/34
6/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo 4
Planes of the brain
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
5/34
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
6/34
6/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo 6
SAGITAL SECTION
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
7/346/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo 7
LATERAL ASPECT
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
8/346/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo 8
FRONTAL SECTION
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
9/346/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo 9
GANGLIA BASALIS
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
10/34
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
11/34
Epidural space Meningea artery
Subdural space
Superficial cerebral vein andsinuses
Subarachnoid space Filled by CNS
Cerebral artery
6/20/2013 11Wahyuni Atmodjo
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
12/34
Lateral ventricle (pair)
Frontal, occipital and temporalhorn
foramina of Monro third
ventricle Third ventricle
Aqueduct of Sylvii forth
ventricle Forth ventricle
Laterally foramen luschka
subarachnoid space
Medially foramen magendi
subarachnoid space
6/20/2013 12Wahyuni Atmodjo
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
13/34
Produced by choroid plexus in ventricles
Secreted 0.5 ml/min 300 ml/day
Circulation Occupies subarachnoid spaces of the brain and MS Vert Sacral II
Reabsoption Return to the sinus venosus via arachnoid granulation
due to the differences of pressure
6/20/2013 13Wahyuni Atmodjo
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
14/34
Arachnoid granulation
Sinus sagitalis
superior
CSF
6/20/2013 14Wahyuni Atmodjo
Absorption of CSFreturn to the blood
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
15/346/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo 15
Blood supply of the brain
Vertebral-basilar a
Internal carotid a
BrainstemCerebellum
Spinal cord
Hemisphere Cerebri
Diencephalon
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
16/34
VC IV : bifurcatio A.
carotis communisA.carotis externa andinterna
Perforate the skullcarotid canal of temporal
bone caverosus sinus perforate duramater subarachnoid space
Divided into A. cerebrianterior and A. cerebrimedia
6/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo 16
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
17/34
6/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo 17
A. vertebrobasilarisalis
A. Subclvia
A. Vertebralis
For. transversalia VC 1-7
foramen magnum
A. Basilaris
A. cerebri posterior
CIRCULUS WILLISI
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
18/34
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
19/34
A. cerebri media Cortical branch lateral surface of hemisphere
Central branch caudate nuclei, internal capsule
A. cerebri anterior Cortical branchmedial surface of cortex
Central branch caudate nuclei, internal capsule
A. ophtalmica Supply frontal area, eye, frontal n ethmoid sinus, dorsum of nose
A. communicans posterior Join posterior cerebral a circle of Willis
A. choroidal anterior Ends in choroid plexus
6/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo 19
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
20/34
Centralbranches A. striata
lateralis
Upper division A. prefrontal,
A. precentral,
A. central,
A. postcentral,
A. parietal
Lower division A. middle temporal, A. temporal anterior, A.
temporo-occipital, A. angular
6/20/2013 20Wahyuni Atmodjo
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
21/34
A. pericallosal: Corpus callosum
A. callosomarginal
Paracentral lobe
Gyrus frontalis superior
A. Orbitofrontal: frontal lobe
A. polar frontal: Frontal pole
A. striae medialis : Capsula interna
6/20/2013 21Wahyuni Atmodjo
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
22/34
Medial branches A. calcarine
A. callosal
A. parieto-occipital
Lateral branches A. temporal anterior
A. temporal posterior
A. occipito temporal
A. choroidal posterior Plexus choroideus of lateral
ventricle
Central branches A. Thalamoperforating
A. Thalamogeniculate
Wahyuni Atmodjo6/20/2013 22
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
23/34
Basilar a
Posterior cerebral
Posteriorcommunicating
Internal carotid
Anterior cerebralAnterior
communicating
6/20/2013 23Wahyuni Atmodjo
V d i
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
24/34
Venous drainage
6/20/2013 24Wahyuni Atmodjo
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
25/34
Normal perfussion 50 ml/100 gr CNS/min Neurons stop the signal 20 ml/100 g
CNS/min Neurons stop the signal after 5 min cardiac
arrest
Destructive necrosis 10 ml/100 gCNS/min
6/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo 25
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
26/34
6/20/2013 26Wahyuni Atmodjo
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
27/34
is a sheet ofneural tissue that is outermost to the
cerebrum of the mammalian brain.
It plays a key role in memory, attention, perceptualawareness, thought, language, and consciousness.
It is constituted of up to six horizontal layers, in
terms of neurons and connectivity.
The human cerebral cortex is 24 mm (0.08
0.16 inches) thick.
50 billion neurons and 500 billion neuroglia cells
6/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo 27
B d A
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
28/34
6/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo 28
Brodmanns Area (47 AREA)
MEDIAL ASPECT
LATERAL ASPECT
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,1217,18,19,20,23,24,25,28,
31,32,34,36,37,38
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,17,
18,19,20,21,22,36,37,38,39,
40,41,42,44,45,46,47
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
29/34
Motor Primary area 4
Supplementary area 6
Sensory 3,1,2 primary somatic sensory
5 somatic sensory association
40 secondary somatic sensory
LESI PADA sensoric area: loss of vibration, poprioception, fine
touch, crude touch pain, and
thermoception
6/20/2013 29Wahyuni Atmodjo
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
30/34
6/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo 30
Primary somasthetic area (area 3,1,2)
Secondary somasthetic area
Somasthetic association area ( 5, 7)
Occipital lobe
Primary visual area (17)
Secondary visual area (18, 19)
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
31/34
6/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo 31
Primary auditory area (41, 42) Secondary auditory area (22)
Sensory speech area of WERNICKE Active listening :21, 37, 39, 46
Passive listening: 9, Listen to tones
Precentral
Posterior region (area 4)
Primary motor area Anterior region
Secondary motor area
Reading:area 44, 45, 46
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
32/34
Brocas: speaking or use the
wordsMotor speech
function, 44, 45
Lesi: Expressive aphasia
Wernicke: understanding the
spoken word Sensory
speech function, area 22
Lesion receptive aphasia
6/20/2013 Wahyuni Atmodjo 32
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
33/34
TIA (transient ischemic attack)
Strokes
Hemorrhagic Cerebral hemorrhage
Ischemic Cerebral infarction
Aneurysma
Arteriovenosus malformation (AVM)
Cerebrovascular accident HEAD INJURY
6/20/2013 33Wahyuni Atmodjo
-
7/28/2019 Vascularization and Cortex of the Brain-2011
34/34
A stroke is an interruption of the blood supply toany part of the brain:
Hemorrhagic strokes An incident of vascular bleeding into the brain
Ischemic strokes (sudden vascular insufficiency) Trombus (a blood clot formed within a vessel)
Embolus ( a blood clot is carried along in the blood stream)