Download - Vertebrate ch1
Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy
Chapter 1
By Geonyzl L. Alviola
Comparative Vertebrate Morphology
Deals with anatomy and its significance We use “COMPARISON” as a tool. Emphasize the functional and evolutionary
themes. For example:
two types of tail shapes among fishes
As we compare.......
What we notice? …..D _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
After observing the D __________
Whats next....?
We asked WHY?
Lets explain the situation....
Comparison of parts highlights these differences and help us to pose a question.
Functional analysis helps answer our question and give us better understanding of animal design.
Why does an elephant had a cylindrical limbs?
Comparative analysis
Could be used in historical or nonhistorical context
Historical – we refer to evolutionary event.
Nonhistorical – refers to the outside look and usually extrapolative (process of estimating)
used in testable predictions.
Historical Predecessors
Anaximander
Developed ideas about the course of change from fishlike and scaly animals to land forms.
Empedocles
He made argument that creatures who came together in practicalways to survive
Acient Egyptians
They had the basic knowledge on internal anatomies of humans, cats and other animals because they mummified these animals.
Aristotle
Describe and classified bout 540 animals
Galen
Assembled anatomical writings based on dissection of Apes.
Leonardo Da Vinci
Drawn perfect figures of man in his arts.
Andreas Vesalius
Published De Humani Corporis Fabrica
Corrected the work of Galen
Pierre Belon
Published the illustration of a human and bird skeleton showing
The basic archetype of an animal is in the mind of the Creator
William Harvey
He specialized the circulatory system
Dissected the animals and advocated the study of comparative anatomy
Nehemiah Grew
Plant physiologist and he first used the term “comparative anatomy”
Cael von Linne
Binomial system of naming
Published the Systema Naturae
Believed that organism do not change
Louis Jean-Marie Daubenton
Compared the anatomies of animals
Louis Agassiz
He studied fossil of fishes and first to recognize evidene of worldwide ice ages.
Published Natural Theology
Evidence of the Existence and Attributes of the Deity Collected from the Appreance of Nature
Jean-Baptiste De Lamarck
Published the Philosophie Zoologique
Discussed the 3 issues of evolution
fact
course
mechanism
FACT – species change through time
COURSE – progressive changes in species along an ascending scale, from the lowest to the simplest to the most complex
MECHANISM – need itself produces heritable evolutionary changes- when environment or behavior changed, an animal developed new needs to meet the demands of the environment.
George Frederic Dagobert Cuvier
Have the same belief with Linne
That animals do not change.
The efficient design fo each animal is evidence that it could not have changed since creation.
Published
- Historie Naturelle des Poisons (natural history of fishes)
The founder of comparative anatomy
Alfred Russel Wallace
Survival to the fittest He observe that the
human population increases faster than food to correspond with Darwin.
Charles Darwin
Natural Selection Books:
- On the Origin of Species
- The Descent of Man
Richard Owen
Published the 3rd edition of comparative anatomy
Thomas Huxley
Darwin' bulldog One of the people who
oppose Darwin's theory
Karl Ernst Von Baer
Paper on the Origin of the Mammalian Egg and Man
On The Development of Animals
Research into the Development of fishes
Karl Heinrich Heackel
Contribute the knowledge of the three germ layers
Biogenetic Law
that ontogeny recapitulates phylogeny—i.e., the development of the animal embryo and young traces the evolutionary development of the species.