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Virtual Infrastructure ImplementationBest Practices From A to Z
Edward Aractingi
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About me
Edward AractingiMarshall University Computing Services Systems Administration MS, MCSE, RHCT, Security+, A+http://edward.aractingi.net
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Agenda
Marshall University, Data Center & RTIVirtualization Decision & PlanningPlanning Best Practice
Hardware & Network UpgradeStorage and Network Infrastructure
Implementation Best Practice Deployment and Unattended installationVirtual Server High Availability ArchitectureUpgrade to VI 3
Operation Best PracticeSNMP Management and MonitoringBackup Strategies
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About Marshall University
State Funded University Huntington, WV24 associate programs, 44 baccalaureate46 graduate programsEnrolls 16,000 students including 4,000 graduate and medical students
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MU Data Center
Almost 200 ServerDell PowerEdge ServersEMC CLARiiON SAN arraysMicrosoft Windows Server 2003RedHat Enterprise Linux
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Rehall Transportation Institute
Staff over 50 professors, graduate students and full time employeesTransportation and Economic development in the Appalachian regionDatabase, GIS and Web AppsTEDIS Servers environment hosted in MU Data Center
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Planning Best Practice for Virtual Infrastructure Implementation
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TEDIS before VMware
8 Dell PowerEdge 2650 with 4G RAM2 Dell PowerEdge 1750 with 4G RAM11 TB of Storage on SAN ArraysWindows™, Oracle©,SQL Server, ESRI© GIS applicationsCentralized Administration
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Virtualization Decision
The growing need for more serversEnd-of-life / Warranty physical servers Extremely dynamic OS, DB, Web platforms environmentServer consolidation and resource optimization.Faster server provisioning (3-4 weeks 5-10 mins)Target…….. 100% virtualized environmentEffective implementation now is 92%
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VMware Documentation
Use what VMWare providesDocs /Whitepaper User Forums
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Planning / Project Management
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Change Management
Staging the upgradeTargeting powerful serversApplication and Web serversUsed TEDISLOGGive users access to VMs
Development Virtual Environment
Virtu
al L
ayer
Phy
sica
l Lay
erRTIDBX01
Physical machines with VMWare ESX Hosts each with 12GB of memory
RTIWEBx01 RTIAPP01
Other managementconsoles
RTIWEB02
Virtual Guests
RTIWEB01Web Servers on
Physical machines(Clustered?)
RTIDB01 RTIDB02
RTIAPP02Backup ServerDHCP Server
RTIDC02 RTIDC01Domain Controllers on Physical servers
Oracle RAC Servers
Virtual CenterManagement Console
Page 1
TEDIS Virtualization Plan – Phase 1Tuesday, October 25, 2005
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Hardware Expansion
Part of the plan, we needed more hardwareSpend on maxing existing server resources rather than buying newserversBumped the memory to 12 GB on every serverAdded two-port NIC card to every serverTotal is 64 GB of memory and 12 CPUsResult: Able to go from 8 servers to 36 VMs with minimum cost and maximum flexibility
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Prepare Configuration Sheets
Network configurations example
DHCP ScopesSAN Storage Groups
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Logical Network Architecture
UCSSystems
INTERNET
RTI
TEDISProduction
VLAN3
TEDISManagement
VLAN 2
MU
TEDISVPN
MUVPN
MU PIX
TEDIS PIXVLAN 1
10.5.2.*/24
10.5.1.*/2410.101.16.*RTI Users
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Implementation Best Practice for Virtual Infrastructure Implementation
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Physical Network Infrastructure
The best security practice is at the network layerConfigure network equipments to block external access to serviceconsole’s network COMPLETELY
External Network & Internet
2650PowerEdge
RTIESX04
2650PowerEdge
RTIESX02
RTIWEB01RTIWEB02
2650PowerEdge
RTIESX06
2650PowerEdge
RTIESX05
2650PowerEdge
RTIESX03
2650PowerEdge
RTIESX01
350PowerEdge
1 2 21 22 23 24 CONSOLE
9600, N, 8, 1
PowerConnect52243
4
5
6
1
2
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22
21
24
23 PWRDIAG
RPSFDX
LNK/ACT
FDXLNK/ACT
1000=GREEN 10/100=ORANGE
1000=GREEN 10/100=ORANGEMODE
STACKSPEEDDUPLXSTATMASTRRPSSYST
Catalyst 3750 SERIES
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1X
2X
11X
12X
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
13X
14X
23X
24X
1 2 3 4
RTICS02
21 22 23 24 CONSOLE
9600, N, 8, 1
PowerConnect52243
4
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7
10
9
12
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17
20
19
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21
24
23 PWRDIAG
RPSFDX
LNK/ACT
FDXLNK/ACT
1000=GREEN 10/100=ORANGE
1000=GREEN 10/100=ORANGEMODE
STACKSPEEDDUPLXSTATMASTRRPSSYST
Catalyst 3750 SERIES
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1X
2X
11X
12X
13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
13X
14X
23X
24X
1 2 3 4
RTICS01
Pix Firewall
VM Network Nics
VM Kernel & Console
Nics
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Virtual Network Infrastructure
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Storage Area Network
EMC CLARiiON CX700 (10 Terabytes)EMC CLARiiON CX200 (1 Terabyte)SAN Management with EMC Navisphere8 servers connected to CX700 with production dataA specific storage group for all ESX Servers LUNsEMC documentation includes extensive support for ESX
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Unattended Installation
Scripted InstallationUsing one ESX to host the installation filesNFS ShareDHCP reservationRecommended for:
5 or more serversPlanning to replace hardwareStaff got hit by a bus
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Dell OpenManage
Dell Remote Access Card (DRAC)TFTP ServerRemote floppy disk imageNo server room access
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KickStart CD
Looking for faster methods of ESX DeploymentFacilitate replacement of failed or retired hardwareOnce CD to recover and install ESX unattendedIntegrated with PXE *
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Kickstart file example
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P2V Utilization
Physical Machine connected directly to LUNs with over a terabyte of data.Use Raw Device Mapping (RDM)Deployed in few hoursSaved many days
SAN
SAN LUN / VMFSVMFS Volume
Physical Machine
Mapping file Address resolution
FC
P2V
ESX Host
Virtual Machine
FC
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Upgrade to VI3
Created a new LUN for VMFS v3Migrated all VMs from ESX01 before upgradeUsed two environments for a whileVMotion for minimum VM downtime Migrating other ESX servers Destroy old VMFS 2
SANVMFS 2 VolumeOn SAN LUN
Upgrade to VI3
ESX Host ESX Host ESX Host ESX Host VI3 ESX Host
VMFS 3 Volume
Managed byManaged byManaged byManaged by
Virtual Center 1.5 Virtual Center 2.0Managed by
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VirtualCenter Servers
Distributed, clustered redundant serversTwo Cross-host clustered SQL DB serversTwo Cross-host clustered VC service servers2 SQL Servers2 VCenter servers
OD
BC
OD
BC
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Virtual Center Security
Role-basedActive DirectoryAcross domain Extremely flexible
No host SSH accessNo remote rootSubnet restrictionsSSL for http accessC:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\VMware\VMwareVirtualCenter\SSL\/etc/vmware/ssl
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Operation Best Practice for Virtual Infrastructure
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Third Party Tools
Dell OpenManage Server AdministratorEMC Navisphere Agent for LinuxCommvault iDataAgent for LinuxChanged fstab, sshd and other linux servicesIPSwitch’s Whatsup Pro for monitoring SNMPCentralized log management: Splunk, Syslog-ng *
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Install Dell OpenManage
http://www.dell.com/downloads/global/solutions/Installing_Dell_OpenManage_50_on_ESX_3.pdf ./srvadmin-openipmi.sh install-force dkms install --force -m openipmi -v 35.13.RHEL3
./srvadmin-install.sh
esxcfg-firewall -o 1311,tcp,in,OpenManageRequest
srvadmin-services.sh start
Centralized management with ITA
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Dell OM Server Administrator
Installed on the clientProvide Hardware infoUpdate firmware driversSend alerts
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Use SNMP for Remote Management
Edit snmpd.conf# vi /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
Configure it to point to the management server IP address use a community name (here it's public) trapsink *.*.*.* trapcommunity public
Then start snmpd service # service snmpd start
Configure it to autostart# chkconfig snmpd on
Test it on local machine #snmpwalk -v 1 -c public localhost system
Test it on another system (x.x.x.x is the esx server's IP) #snmpwalk -v 1 -c public x.x.x.x system Compile ESX MIBs from ESX CD mediaConfigure your management server to receive SNMP and act upon.
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Register MIBs
/usr/lib/vmware/snmp/mibs/ on ESXVMWARE-ESX-MIB.mibVMWARE-RESOURCES-MIB.mibVMWARE-ROOT-MIB.mibVMWARE-SYSTEM-MIB.mibVMWARE-TRAPS-MIB.mibVMWARE-VMINFO-MIB.mib
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IPSwitch Whatsup Pro
Monitoring
Send alerts
Forward SNMP
Log history
Reporting
Shortcuts
Monitors:
Ping
Http
902
VC service
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EMC Navisphere Agent
# esxcfg-firewall -o 6389,tcp,in,EMCNaviAgent# esxcfg-firewall -o 6389,tcp,out,EMCNaviAgent
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Patch Management
Hardware Drivers and FirmwareDell OpenManage IT Assistant
ESX Servers updatesesxupdate (Setup local depot) *
VMs OS updatesWSUS server and RedhatUp2date
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Operation Best Practice Backup Strategies
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Backup Strategies
Commvault host agent to backup the entire VMFS volumeSnapView clones for off-network backupIndividual backup agents on VMsConsolidated backup on a physical machine
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Install Commvault Agent on VI 3
Install Commvault Agent for linuxOpen Commvault Static and dynamic portsConfigure subclient for pre/post-backup scripts
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SAN Clone
Commvault iDataAgent with Pre-backup and Post-backup scriptsUse SnapView to clone the entire VMFS volumeMinimize recovery time and scheduled downtime Reduce network traffic for backup Creating frequent point-in-time images Use clone on a different machine to backup the LUN
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Consolidated Backup with VI3
Used our Commvault Media Agent Has HBA and connected to the SANHosts the magnetic store for our D2D2TMinimize network trafficOptimize storage utilization
SAN LUN / VMFS
VMware Host
VMware Host
VMware Host
Backup Media AgentWindows
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VCB SAN and Backup Configuration
Backup VMs at file level.Save Backup AgentsUsed Commvault Media Agent as VCB Proxy Subclient for every VM
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HA / DRS
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Challenges Summary
User involvement at early stages might be a barrierIn some cases, there is a need to rearchitect the data centerNetwork performance is as important as other resourcesSecuring the hosts is very criticalThe risk for proliferating number of VMsMisuse features (clone VM as backup instead of Snapshot)Licensing issues (OS, Backup Agent, Apps)SAN Disk usage (vmdk files are partially used)
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Conclusion Continued
80% Planning /Project Management with 20% implementationLeverage existing management toolsAutomate any possible activitySpare resources are VERY useful Remember ESX implements Linux commands and conceptsVMware VI provides many features, use them when possibleVirtualization is an exciting technology, enjoy it!
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Presentation Download
Please remember to complete yoursession evaluation form
and return it to the room monitorsas you exit the session
The presentation for this session can be downloaded at http://www.vmware.com/vmtn/vmworld/sessions/
Enter the following to download (case-sensitive):
Username: cbv_repPassword: cbvfor9v9r
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