![Page 1: Volcanic degassing along the enigmatic South Sandwich arc · 2020-05-02 · Volcanic degassing along the enigmatic South Sandwich arc Emma Liu, Kieran Wood, Alessandro Aiuppa, Gaetano](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050503/5f954507f53d89456d08f8eb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Volcanic degassing along the enigmatic
South Sandwich arc
Emma Liu, Kieran Wood, Alessandro Aiuppa, Gaetano Giudice, Marcello Bitetto, Tom Pering,
Thomas Wilkes, Andrew McGonigle, Brendan
McCormick Kilbride, Tobias Fischer, Scott
Nowicki, Emily Mason, Tom Richardson, Tom Hart
Key Points
• Mt Michael is the most active volcanic emitter
of the South Sandwich arc, with an SO2 flux of
145 ± 59 t d-1 (similar to the 2005-15 satellite OMI
average of 263 ± 63 t d-1 (Carn et al., 2017)
• Fumarolic emissions and geothermal ground
heating are pervasive along the arc, especially
on Candlemas and Bellingshausen.
• Recent lavas and tephra deposits are preserved
in glacial ice and subaerial exposures, including
pristine hydromagmatic products from Ashen
Hills, Saunders.
[email protected] @EmmaLiu31
![Page 2: Volcanic degassing along the enigmatic South Sandwich arc · 2020-05-02 · Volcanic degassing along the enigmatic South Sandwich arc Emma Liu, Kieran Wood, Alessandro Aiuppa, Gaetano](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050503/5f954507f53d89456d08f8eb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Candlemas has extensive fumarolic emissions
Aphyric andesite lavas show
concentric ‘ogives’
Diffuse fumarolic degassing from
the Lucifer Hills cone complex
![Page 3: Volcanic degassing along the enigmatic South Sandwich arc · 2020-05-02 · Volcanic degassing along the enigmatic South Sandwich arc Emma Liu, Kieran Wood, Alessandro Aiuppa, Gaetano](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050503/5f954507f53d89456d08f8eb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Mt Michael is emitting a strong summit plume
SO2 flux = 145 ± 59 t d-1 (January 2020)
Ashen Hills have depositional
features characteristic of
hydromagmatic activity
![Page 4: Volcanic degassing along the enigmatic South Sandwich arc · 2020-05-02 · Volcanic degassing along the enigmatic South Sandwich arc Emma Liu, Kieran Wood, Alessandro Aiuppa, Gaetano](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050503/5f954507f53d89456d08f8eb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Bellingshausen exposed through sector collapses
Heterogeneous gas
compositions from
crater fumaroles
Stratigraphy exposed on
two flanks by large-scale
collapses
![Page 5: Volcanic degassing along the enigmatic South Sandwich arc · 2020-05-02 · Volcanic degassing along the enigmatic South Sandwich arc Emma Liu, Kieran Wood, Alessandro Aiuppa, Gaetano](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050503/5f954507f53d89456d08f8eb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Zavadovski degassing from steeply inclined crater
![Page 6: Volcanic degassing along the enigmatic South Sandwich arc · 2020-05-02 · Volcanic degassing along the enigmatic South Sandwich arc Emma Liu, Kieran Wood, Alessandro Aiuppa, Gaetano](https://reader033.vdocuments.net/reader033/viewer/2022050503/5f954507f53d89456d08f8eb/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Many thanks to Pelagic Australis expedition team
A multi-disciplinary expedition to explore the volcanology, ecology and glaciology of the South
Sandwich Islands and South Georgia