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Warm up
Name a time you felt like you were being discriminated against because of things about yourself that you just cannot change
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Vietnam War
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What was the war in Vietnam?
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Vietnam -Overview
• Longest war in U.S. history
• More than 58,000 killed• 300,000 wounded• 14,000 disabled • 800,000 Vietnam
veterans diagnosed as having “significant” to “severe” problems of readjustment.
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Public Opinion
• Two out of three Americans judge the Vietnam war to have been a “mistake.”
• Over 50% do not have a clear idea what the war was about.
• About 1/3 can’t even remember which side we supported.
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A Different War• First “living-room
war – people watched footage of combat on the nightly news
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76% of the men sent to Vietnam were from lower to middle class families.
The average age of a soldier was 19.
Most soldiers were drafted – few enlisted.
Soldiers served a “tour of duty” – about 1 year.
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Background of the War• Vietnam – was a
French colony that was invaded by the Japanese during WWII.
• Ho Chi Minh – leader of the Vietnamese – called the Vietminh.
• Ho Chi Minh supported Communism
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Background
• French- control South Vietnam (Democracy)
• Ho Chi Minh – controlled North Vietnam (communism)
• French pull out of Vietnam, US is afraid that all of Vietnam will become communist now
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Reasons for U.S. Involvement
• Containment – American policy of resisting further expansion of communism around the world
• Domino Theory – President Eisenhower’s – belief that if one country falls to communism, neighboring countries would fall.
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The Two Leaders of Vietnam
• Ho Chi Minh – leader of North Vietnam
• Ngo Dihn Diem – “placed” into office by the United States. Leader of the South Vietnam
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LBJ and Vietnam
• LBJ will escalate - increase U.S. involvement in the war.
• Sec. of Defense – Robert McNamara – recommends the U.S. send more troops
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Trouble in the Gulf
• August 1964 –Gulf of Tonkin • The U.S.S. Maddox was attacked by
N. Vietnamese torpedo boats• LBJ ask Congress to act• Gulf of Tonkin Resolution gave LBJ
a “Blank check” to do whatever steps needed to repeal attacks
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Now that we are in war, we need manpower
• Many people do not know why we are in Vietnam
• Others do not agree with why we are in Vietnam
• Therefore, no one wants to go fight
• Many thought we were fighting Vietnam’s own civil war (war that they should settle themselves)
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So what do they do?DRAFT!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
•Required all men to register when they reached the age 18
•Mainly targeted men who were:• Poor• Minority • Uneducated
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So who are you?
Gentlemen, when you came in you filled out a draft card that would have been filled out during Vietnam
Let’s see who gets drafted!!!!!
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Lives affected by the draft
There will be approx. 9 families in class today
In your families you will find out who has been drafted
As a family you will have to decide what are you going to do now that your family member has been drafted
Here are your options…
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Options
• Go to Vietnam• Conscientious objectors – men that claimed
because of their religious beliefs that they could not fight in the war.
• Deferments – delayed entrance or not have to go at all. Mainly included upper class – because they could afford college.
• Prison- resisting the draft is a crime• Dodge draft – go to Canada.YOU HAVE 5 MINUTES TO DECIDE
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Let’s see what happens to you
Read off draft board decisions
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What was it really like in Vietnam?
Dead Presidents: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rg1v9KZvzVU
Forest Gump:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jVA2cMSgj_U
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zWAVtoKOri8
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Letter from Vietnam
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Protests
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Trouble for Diem
• Diem is Catholic and outlaws buddist practices in Vietnam
• In protest to the Diem- Buddhist monks set themselves on fire.
• Nov. 1, 1963 – Diem is executed
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Protests
• Woodstock- musical antiwar demonstration
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Kent State
• May 4, 1970
• Kent State University in Ohio
• Students upset because Pres. Nixon ordered U.S. troop into Cambodia.
• Student start protest march – national guard throws tear gas at students.
• Students throw rocks at National Guard.
• Minutes later – 4 students were shot dead.
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Resisters of the Vietnam War
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What was your fate?
Issues when veterans returned home from Vietnam•Country did not support them•No jobs•Post Traumatic Stress Disorder•Nightmares•High Suicide rate•Alcoholism•Abusive•Desperation
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How did the Vietnam War end?
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Nixon
• Vietnamization – called for the gradual withdrawal of U.S. troops and for the Army of South Vietnam to take more control of the war.
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Nixon
• “Peace with Honor” – Pres. Nixon wanted to maintain U.S. dignity in the face of withdrawal from the war.
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Homework
Write a 1 page summary answering the following prompt:
Based on our activity today:
Why was the Vietnam War so opposed in the United States? What were the effects of the Vietnam War on society emotionally, politically and economically?