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Wednesday, August 18, 2010
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Question
Hypothesis
Experiment
Results
Conclusions
Theory
Replication
New Questions
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People respond to questions about a subject
Questionnaires or interviews Problem: Accuracy
1960s toothpaste Populations and Samples
Bias Target Population
Sample
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Testing method Intelligence, personality, aptitude
Case-study method Investigation of an individual or small group
Longitudinal method Observe a group of participant over a long period of time
Cross-sectional method Observe members from different age groups to avoid the
long wait for results Naturalistic-observation method
Observing people in an every day setting, often unknowingly
Laboratory-observation method Observations in any place that provides the opportunity for
observation or experimentation
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Correlations – how closely related one thing is to anotherHeight and ability to reachStress and healthGrades and extracurricular involvementPositive v. negative
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Independent variableThe manipulated factor (warm temperature)
Dependent variableThe variable that depends on the
manipulated factor (aggression - result) Experimental group
Receive treatment Control group
Do not receive treatment Placebo
A “fake” treatment
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Single – participants do not know if they are in the experimental group or the control group
Double – participants and researchers are unaware of the control groups or the experimental groups
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1. Hypothesis2. 5 volunteersDebriefing:1. Target population?2. Double-blind?3. Independent variable?4. Dependent variable?5. Control group or experimental group?6. Was the hypothesis proved or
disproved?