Download - Welcome! Monday, 1/14
Welcome! Monday, 1/14Gametes – sperm and egg are gametes
Gene – A section of DNA that codes for a protein
Chromosome – Visable DNA
Chromatids – two exact copies of a chromosome
Centromere – Where chromatids join
TOC
• 1. Reviewing terms from book 1/8• 2. Probability 1/8• 3 Mitosis/Meiosis 1/11• 4 Meiosis Notes
Somatic Cell – any cell in the body other than gametes
Human somatic cells have a total of 46 chromosomes or 23pairs.
Homologous Chromosomes – similar size, shape, and genetic content
Diploid – two sets of chromsomesdiploid number in a human somatic cell can be written as: 2n=46
Haploid – one set of chromsomeshaploid number in a human gamete can be written as: n=23
Zygote – fertilized egg
Fertilization – uniting of sperm and egg
autosomes – any of the chromosomes not used in determining sex
Of the 23 pairs of chromosomes, how many pairs are autosomes? 22
Male: XY Female: XX
Ultimately, the sex of the child is determined by the male.
Meiosis – form of division that results in half of the chromosomes
Crossing over – breaking/joining and remixing of homologous chromosomes
Independent assortment -is the random assortment of chromosomes during the production of gametes
Random fertilization: The ovum has 8 million possible chromosome combinations, so does the sperm cell. 8 million x 8 million = 64 trillion possible diploid combinations in EACH
AND EVERY zygote! WOW!!In other words, you're unique...(...just like everyone else.....).
Spermatogenesis – process that makes sperms
sperm – a male gamete used in reproduction
Oogenesis - The formation, development, and maturation of an ovum – a mature eggPolar body - minute cell produced and ultimately discarded in the development of an oocyte
Life cycle
Parthenogenesis - is type of asexual reproduction in which a female gamete or egg cell develops into an individual without fertilization