Download - What are the MONO MERS of each POLY MER?
What are the MONOMERS of each POLYMER?
POLYMER MONOMER• Proteins
• Lipids
• Carbohydrates
• Nucleic acids
NUCLEOTIDES
AMINO ACIDS
CARBON RINGS
FATTY ACID TAILS
DNADeoxyribose Nucleic Acid
Each nucleotide is made up of:• PHOSPHATE GROUP• DEOXYRIBOSE SUGAR• BASES (A, T, C or G) held
together by Hydrogen bonds.
DNA’s “alphabet”: A, T, C and G
DNA REPLICATION
How fast does it happen?• http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/dna-replication-advanced-detail
When does DNA replicate?• Interphase (G1, S, G2)• Prophase• Metaphase• Anaphase• Telophase• Cytokinesis?
A simpler view of DNA replication
• http://www.johnkyrk.com/DNAreplication.html
Who do you have to remember?• Helicase: unwinds the double helix• DNA POLYmerase: brings the MANY nucleotides
and matches A to T and C to G
DNA CODES FOR PROTEINS:
The different kinds of proteins:• Structural • Hormones• Enzymes (………ase) amylase, lactase, …. • Defense• Transport
Basic structure of an amino acid (the monomer of a protein).
• Carbon middle
• Amino group
• Carboxyl group
• R group
DNA is precious. It may not leave the nucleus.
• mRNA: a complimentary copy of a section of the DNA molecule. It carries instructions for building proteins in ribosomes.
• mRNA DOES NOOOOT HAAAAVE THYAMINE. It has URACIL instead.
If the DNA code is …
• ATC.CGG.GGT.TAA.CGG.TGC.CCA.AAT.TCA
• What is the other side of the DNA molecule?
• And the codons mRNA for the bottom strand?
TAG CCAGCC GCCATT GGTACG AGTTTA
AUC CGG GGU UAA CGG UGC CCA AAU UCA
In DNA A goes with T and C goes with G.In RNA A goes with U, T goes with A and C goes with G.
Videos of protein synthesis(transcription and translation)
• http://www.wisc-online.com/Objects/ViewObject.aspx?ID=AP1302
• You didn’t get it?• http://www.wiley.com/college/boyer/047000
3790/animations/translation/translation.htm
Words you need to know by now…
• DNA: a nucleic acid carrying the genetic code of an organism or virus.
• mRNA: a nucleic acid complimentary copy of a section of DNA. Carries instructions for making a protein to the nucleus
• tRNA: a nucleic acid which brings amino acids to the mRNA in the nucleus
• Codon: a group of three bases in the mRNA• Anticodon: a group of three bases in the tRNA complimentary to
the codon.• Transcription: look it up.
• Translation: look it up. (you will need a dictionary for this)
• UUU• AGC• AUG• AGT• CCG• CCU• UUA• UAG
• UUU. UUG. CCA. UAA.