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June 2008 Chapter Nine - Recreation
Chapter Nine
RECREATION INTRODUCTION
Purpose
This chapter provides policies for park and recreation facilities designed to serve Whatcom Countyas a whole. It does not focus extensively on open space resource areas which are addressedunder land use. Nor does it address neighborhood parks which are also discussed under land usein the urban growth area section. This chapter also adopts by reference the entire Comprehensive
Parks and Recreation Open Space Plan which includes background information, standards for parkand trail development, recreation and senior service programs and an action plan for providing parkand recreation facilities. The policies in this plan repeat most of the policies found in theComprehensive Park and Recreation Open Space Plan . In addition, this chapter also adopts, byreference, the entire Whatcom County Bicycle Plan.
Process
In August 1989, Whatcom County adopted a Comprehensive Park and Recreation Open Space Plan as an official element of the county's comprehensive plan. Subsequently, in July 1991, theWhatcom County Council adopted Preserving a Way of Life: A Natural Heritage Plan for Whatcom County . This plan has some overlap with the Comprehensive Park and Recreation Open Space Plan but focuses primarily on preserving and protecting natural areas in the county withoutnecessarily assuming they need to be in public ownership. The Natural Heritage Plan was adoptedby resolution with reference to specific goals; several goals were modified and others deferred to
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June 2008 Chapter Nine - Recreation
BACKGROUND SUMMARY
Leisure time is a relatively new concept to Americans. It was not too long ago that the averageAmerican worked 48 hours per week and children had daily chores. Today more leisure time isgenerally available.
However, too much leisure time can be a problem if not channeled wisely. Our rapidly changinglifestyles have brought about many frustrations which frequently manifest in juvenile delinquency,alcohol and drug abuse and other misuses of leisure time. For the younger generation, especiallythose who find it difficult to obtain gainful and meaningful employment, it is a real challenge to makewise use of leisure time. If Americans are provided with opportunities to use leisure time in socially
and personally satisfying ways, many problems can be avoided. Recreation not only provides adiversion and refreshment from the pace of our complex lives, but it also enriches our mentalhealth.
With the existence of two National Forests, the North Cascades National Park, Washington StateDepartment of Natural Resources land, three state parks and land held by private timbercompanies within Whatcom County, it is hard to believe there is an additional need for public openspace.
However, most public land cited above is located in the eastern two-thirds of the county and littlepublic land is available near the population centers. With the county now undergoing a major shifttowards urban development, the public is becoming aware of the lost opportunities for close-inpublic open space. Added to this concern is the fact that while Whatcom County has more than130 miles of saltwater shoreline, only about 6% is currently accessible to the public. Nearlyeveryday the opportunity for additional public access is reduced as land is developed.
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June 2008 Chapter Nine - Recreation
GOAL 9A: Address county-wide recreational needs by adequate provision of dayuse parks.
Policy 9A-1: Because the cities currently provide the highly developed urban parks, thecounty's role should be to provide rural day use parks that are centeredaround a unique feature or recreation opportunity.
Policy 9A-2: Because of the unique features of the site, location within the county is nottoo important although they must have good road access.
Policy 9A-3: Development standards will vary according to the use intended. For theintensive use park areas, all facilities and improvements should be built to ahigh standard and designed to be easily maintained.
Policy 9A-4: All parks must be designed to create a minimal impact upon surroundingproperty and to the site itself.
Policy 9A-5: Day use parks should be designed with one entrance and control point sothat entrance fees can be charged.
Policy 9A-6: If possible, day use parks should be located on an existing or proposed trailroute.
Policy 9A-7: The parks should be designed to accommodate a range of age groups andinterests.
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June 2008 Chapter Nine - Recreation
Multi-Use Camping Parks
Multi-use camping parks provide camping opportunities in addition to other uses. LighthouseMarine Park and Silver Lake Park fit this category. The type of camping can vary from primitivecamp sites to the full-service RV site. It should be recognized that much of the camping activity usewill be from non-county residents.
GOAL 9B: Provide multi-use camping parks to serve county resident needs as wellas provide a tourism draw.
Policy 9B-1: All the policy statements and design standards for day use parks should alsoapply to multi-use camping parks.
Policy 9B-2: Because camping parks will attract many non-county residents, they shouldbe recognized for their tourism value but at the same time county residentsshould not subsidize the cost of camping.
Policy 9B-3: A wide variety of camping types should be offered including primitive sites,tent sites, full-service RV sites and group camping areas.
Policy 9B-4: The camping areas should be physically separated from the other parts of thepark with the ability to be closed off during winter months.
Policy 9B-5: Most large camping areas should be designed to a high standard with full-service hookups, flush toilets and rest rooms, showers, laundry and othersupport facilities
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June 2008 Chapter Nine - Recreation
addition, trails, loops or alternate routes should be designated for the horseback and mountain bikerider groups where conditions warrant.
Properly built and maintained old logging roads in reforested areas provide some of the best ridingtrails since they are much wider than a footpath for easier passing, and their base is usually firmand less prone to damage. It is not enough, however, to simply direct horses and bikes to old roadgrades. They are often seeking the same views and aesthetic experience that hikers wish. Sometrails will therefore need to be improved to a higher standard to accommodate the use. On sharedroutes, appropriate design elements need to be implemented to avoid conflicts and to enhance thetrail experience for each group.
The difficulties in obtaining continuous access through private lands is a major issue in traildevelopment that can discourage citizens, planners and administrators from pursuing what mightotherwise be a worthwhile project. Access is usually obtained by way of gift or purchase of aneasement or parcel of land containing the trail corridor. On private timber land, access is normallypermitted in most areas on an informal basis with the understanding that closures may occur due tologging, fire danger or other circumstances. Horse club volunteers have been successful inobtaining permission to construct new trails on private and state timber land with and without formaleasements.
In developed areas of the county where multiple properties are involved, the task becomes morecomplicated since lack of participation by one landowner can obstruct the trail. Concerns rangefrom vandalism, fire and nuisances to liability and invasion of privacy. In most cases, trail design,careful facility planning and public education will help avoid these problems. An existing statute(RCW 4.24.210) already protects landowners from liability where they allow public access to theirland without charge Where access is denied an alternate needs to be considered
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June 2008 Chapter Nine - Recreation
Policy 9C-1: Trails should be interesting and attractive. Trails which follow natural watercourses, pass significant natural resources, traverse interesting scenery or
cross areas of outstanding beauty provide interesting and enjoyableexperiences for the trail user.
Policy 9C-2: Trails should be looped and interconnected to provide a variety of trail lengthsand destinations.
Policy 9C-3: Trails should link other recreational uses in the Foothills area and connect toexisting trail systems in the National Forest and state land.
Policy 9C-4: The wet climate of Whatcom County may preclude extensive multi-use ofsome trails or require seasonal limitations on their use. Trail routes shouldtake into account soil conditions, steep slopes, surface drainage and otherphysical limitations that could impact the areas from over-use.
Policy 9C-5: Bicycle trails should provide opportunities for the recreational rider as well asthe touring and commuter bicyclist.
Policy 9C-6: Bicycle routes and paths should minimize the conflicts between motorists andbicyclists.
Policy 9C-7: Hiking trails should have a variety of lengths and grades for the casual strolleras well as the serious hiker.
Policy 9C 8: Hiking trails should reach areas of natural beauty with the purpose of
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June 2008 Chapter Nine - Recreation
Policy 9C-15: Sharing of corridors for major utilities, trails and other transportationrights-of-way is encouraged when not in conflict with goals to protect wildlife,
public health and safety.
Policy 9C-16: Implement the goals, policies and recommendations of the latest WhatcomCounty Bicycle Plan and continue to update the plan as needs and conditionschange.
Policy 9C-17: Promote the integration of trails within subdivisions, planned unitdevelopments and other development proposals that provide internalcirculation and connect to nearby opportunities.
Policy 9C-18: Acquisition of and planning for trail corridors should be encourages as newsubdivisions and development occurs, if the trail has been identified in a park,trail, open space or other plan adopted by Whatcom County.
Specialized Recreation Areas
Specialized areas include nature interpretative centers and small park sites, including those related
to Urban Growth Areas, small towns, and neighborhood developments.
GOAL 9D: Provide specialized recreation areas taking advantage of uniqueopportunities to serve both county residents and visitors.
Policy 9D-1: Because these facilities are unique, adopt specific standards for each oneindividually
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June 2008 Chapter Nine - Recreation
Policy 9E-1: As economically feasible, acquire for public use as much of the saltwatershoreline as possible. Public and private resources should be explored to
further this policy. A reasonable goal is to acquire for public access aminimum of 15% of the saltwater shoreline and adjacent tidelands inWhatcom County.
Policy 9E-2: Continue to review the Nooksack River Plan (Jones and Jones, 1973) andimplement those elements which are beneficial, appropriate and economicallyfeasible.
Policy 9E-3: Provide pedestrian, interpretative and small boat access sites for a diversity
of public shoreline.
Recreation Resource Management Areas
These open space areas are identified as large undeveloped parcels of land having unique orattractive natural features. Often they will also contain extensive trail systems. They lack distinctboundaries and are intended to emphasize open space and recreation values. The land may ormay not be in public ownership. It is not intended for Whatcom County to acquire these parcels of
land but rather to secure conservation and access easements to ensure that public access ismaintained and unique scenic areas preserved.
GOAL 9F: Identify large undeveloped parcels of land with unique or attractivefeatures and with the cooperation/coordination of public agencies andprivate landowners provide conservation opportunities and, wherepossible public access
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June 2008 Chapter Nine - Recreation
impacting neighbors and the land in which riding occurs, and is in general creating a problem forless intrusive recreational activities.
GOAL 9G: Coordinate with the DNR to provide ORV opportunities.
Policy 9G-1: Recognizing that there will continue to be a demand for ORV riding, thecounty should continue to assess its role in the ORV program. Between theWashington State Department of Natural Resources and the Forest Service,some joint solution may be possible.
Activity Centers
Activity centers are indoor facilities which provide recreational opportunities. They include theexisting senior/community centers, Plantation Rifle Range, and the Roeder Home, full scale indoorrecreation centers (multi-purpose centers) and indoor aquatic facilities. Five of the eightsenior/community centers managed by the county are owned by the Cities of Blaine, Everson,Lynden, Sumas, and the Pt. Roberts Park District. Combined, these eight facilities served over206,546 visitors in 2003, 80% of whom were seniors. There is an increasing trend for use bydifferent agencies and community groups and even church congregations who rent the facilities in
Lynden and Bellingham. With appropriate scheduling, the existing senior/community centers havethe capacity to absorb additional activity.
The Plantation Rifle Range includes two outdoor ranges, a trap field, an indoor range, and ameeting room which served 16,824 people in 2003. It is a unique facility which receives 60% of itsuse from law enforcement agencies.
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June 2008 Chapter Nine - Recreation
Policy 9H-4: Expand the Plantation Rifle Range to meet the needs of citizens and lawenforcement agencies.
Policy 9H-5: Acquire property for a buffer area around the Plantation Rifle Range to insurethe ability to continue its use in the future.
Policy 9H-6: Continue to utilize the Roeder Home as the cultural arts facility flagship whileutilizing partnerships, leased space, or creative opportunities toaccommodate program expansion.
Policy 9H-7: Continue to monitor the need for additional aquatic facilities in the community,
with the basic assumption that Whatcom County will not be an indoor aquaticprovider in the near future.
Policy 9H-8: Continue to search for partnerships with other public agencies and privategroups in providing recreation facilities such as golf facilities, camping, andresort centers.
Policy 9H-9: Expand the partnership concept to incorporate school buildings and other
public or private facilities which can accommodate meetings and recreationalfunctions.
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June 2008 Chapter Nine - Recreation ** Action Plan
RECREATION - ACTION PLAN
General Park and Recreation Services
1. Continue to monitor park and recreation service needs throughout the county andencourage others to provide the identified service needs.
2. Stress a good public image and the importance of public relations to all employees of theParks and Recreation Department.
3. As economically feasible, and as need warrants, implement the recreation and serviceprograms in Chapter VII of the Comprehensive Park and Recreation Open Space Plan .
4. Continue to implement those elements of the Nooksack River Plan (Jones and Jones 1973)which are beneficial, appropriate and economically feasible.
Park Facilities
5. As economically feasible, and as need warrants, implement the Comprehensive Park and Recreation Open Space Plan including the goals and policies and maps incorporated herein
through adoption of the six-year capital improvement program.
6. Develop facilities and areas that will be particularly attractive to Whatcom County residents.
7. Develop and maintain facilities at a high standard. These standards should be establishedin accordance with the Comprehensive Park and Recreation Open Space Plan and theWhatcom County Comprehensive Plan
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June 2008 Chapter Nine - Recreation ** Action Plan
13. Work with timber companies and other private property owners to acquire the landcurrently leased for the Plantation Rifle Range and a buffer around the rifle range.
14. Preserve additional cultural heritage sites such as the Hovander House, the RoederHome, and Tennant Lake Interpretive Center for recreation purposes.
15. Galbraith/Lookout Mt. - Develop and implement a plan to acquire Rights of Way for trailcorridors and purchase of additional park acreage, along with pursuit of formal usageagreements with private land owners, to preserve the recreational value for residentsand tourists.
16. Stewart Mt. - Negotiate with Crown corporation to obtain formal usage agreements foraccess to logging trails, to open public access corridors between Lake Whatcomrecreation areas and the South Fork Valley.
Preservation of Natural Areas
17. Complete the inventory and study of Recreation Resource Management Areas inaccordance with policies under goal 9(F).
18. Make it advantageous to land developers and landowners to dedicate land for publicuse.
19. Develop design standards that provide for the integration of open space and recreationopportunities within subdivisions, planned unit developments and other developmentproposals
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June 2008 Chapter Nine - Recreation ** Action Plan
Trails
25. Incorporate existing and proposed trails into a comprehensive and integrated system oflooped and interconnected trails which give users a wide choice of routes andenvironments.
26. Continue to update the trails inventory to identify all designated and non-designatedtrails in the county.
27. Work with private property owners and developers to acquire trail corridors oreasements. Monitor land development proposals to ensure that existing trails are not
lost.
28. Provide non-motorized access to regional recreational and outstanding scenic areas inthe county.
29. Reduce conflicts between the various trail user groups and provide appropriate signage.
30. Provide bike lanes or wide shoulders where appropriate in conjunction with major roadimprovements.
31. Coast Millennium Trail - Continue to develop trail corridors, particularly off-roadsegments such as the airport connector and shoreline access.
32. Hertz North Lake Whatcom Trail Extension - Develop and implement a plan to eitheracquire Rights of Way for a trail corridor along the abandoned RR R/W between the
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June 2008 Chapter Nine - Recreation ** Action Plan
circulation and connect to nearby commercial and activity centers, and recreationalopportunities.
Funding
Develop a stronger financial base for recreational services by:
39. Designing future recreation facilities and areas with the ability to charge user fees.
40. Investigating new innovative methods of financing facility development, maintenance,and operating needs.
41. Considering joint ventures with private clubs, public agencies, commercial operationsand other groups to build and maintain facilities.
42. Providing facilities that will encourage tourism.
43. Where timber needs to be removed due to disease, windfall or for park facilityimprovements, timber shall be harvested and sold using best management practices.
44. Consider the establishment of park impact fees based on the Growth Management Act.
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Multi-Use Camping Areas3M-Lighthouse Marine Park12M-Birch Bay State Park29M-Lk. Whatcom Property North30M-Larrabee State Park31M-Pine/Cedar Lakes39M-Skookum/South Fork Site47M-Silver Lake ParkDay Use Parks5D-Semiahmoo Park9D-Birch Bay Property13D-Proposed Cherry Point15D-Berthusen Park17D-Hovander Park18D-Tennant Lake Interp. Center
22D-Little Squalicum Park Site33D-Samish Park35D-Dittrich (E. Lake Samish Park)36D-Lake Whatcom Park-South Bay42D-Nooksack River Park44D-Ostrom Property53D-Lookout MountainSpecialized Facilities11S-Bay Horizon Park19S-N.W. Soccer Park andBaseball/Softball Complex20S-Nooksack Estuary Interp. Center26S-Truax Park28S-Plantation Rifle Range48S-Bodigers Pond
Waterfront Facilities1W-Monument Park4W-Lily Point Access7W-Dacota Creek Access8W-California Creek Access10W-Birch Bay Access16W-Hovander Boating41W-Proposed Major Boating Access49W-Nessett/E. Acme Farm Complex50W-Deming Homestead Eagle Park54W-Maple Beach Park55W-Teddy Bear Cove56W-Squires Lake ParkRecreation Resiource Management Areas24RS-Lummi Mountain
27RS-Squalicum Mountain32RS-Chuckanut Mountain34RS-Lookout Mountain37RS-Stewart Mountain38RS-Nooksack/South Fork40RS-Van Zandt Dike43RS-North Sumas Mountain45RS-Vedder Mountain46RS-Red/Black Mountain51RS-Canyon Lake Creek Community Forest52RS-Stimpson Family Nature ReserveDeleted Park Sites6-Haynie Park14-Pleasant Valley School21-Birchwood Property
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Public Shoreline-DevelopedA2-Gulf Rd.A3-Pt. Roberts MarinaA4-Blaine MarinaA9-Birch Bay Village MarinaA13-Lake TerrellA15-Nook. River (Ferndale)A23-DNR CampgroundA30-Toad LakeA33-Squalicum LakeA34-WWU-Lakewood Fac.A35-Sudden Valley MarinaA36-So. Bay Boat LaunchA38-Cain LakeA40-Nooksack (Guide)A41-Wiser LakeA45-Riverside Pk.-Everson
A46-Fazon LakeA47-Nooksack (Nug. Corner)A48-Silver Lk. Boat LaunchA50-Nooksack (Boulder Cr.)A52-Nooksack Fish HatcheryA59 Nooksack (Glacier)A61-Hutchinson CreekA63-Bloedel Donovan ParkPark SitesP3-Lighthouse Pt. BeachP5-Semiahmoo ParkP12-Birch Bay St. ParkP18-Tennant LakeP30-Wildcat CoverP31-Pine.Cedar LakesP33-Lake Samish ParkP47-Silver Lake Park
P49-Nessett/E. Acme Farm ComplexP50-Deming Homestead Eagle ParkP55-Squires Lake ParkPublic Shoreline-UndevelopedA1-Maple Beach ParkA5-Drayton HarborA10-Cottonwood BeachA11-Aldergrove LookoutA12-Trigg Rd. AccessA17-Lummi BeachA18-Lummi Island StairwayA22-Reil Harbor BeachA26-Lummi Bay Aqua. DikeA28-Bancroft Rd. AccessA39-Nooksack (River Rd.)A56-Canyon LakeA57-Middle Fork (Mosquito Lk. Rd.)
A58-Mosquito LakeA60-Nooksack (Strand Rd.)A65- Sumas River AccessA66-Cornell Creek Rd. AccessPark SitesAreasP1-Monument ParkP7-Dakota CreekP10-Birch Bay AccessP16-Hovander Marine ParkP22-Little Squalicum BeachP29-Smith CreekP35-Dittrich (E. Lk. Samish Park)P36-So. Bay Lake WhatcomP39-Skookum CreekP42-Nooksack (Day Use)Recommended Shoreline AcquisitionA6-Drayton Harbor View
A7-California CreekA14-Unick/Gulf Rd. AccessA16-Pt. MigleyA20-Portage IslandA24-Neptune BeachA25-Sandy PointA27-Fish PointA29-Locust Ave. AccessA31-Chuckanut BayA32-Governor's PointA42-Nooksack (Timon Rd.)A43-Nooksack (Abbott Rd.)A44-Judson LakeA49-Maple FallsA51-Nooksack (Eastwood Rd.)A53-Nooksack (Silver Lake Rd.)A54-Nooksack (N. Fork Rd.)
A55-Nooksack (Mosquito Lk. Rd.)A62-Nooksack (Acme)Park SitesAreasP4-Lily PointP8-California CreekP13-Cherry Point BeachP20-Nooksack River EstuaryP41-S. Fork Nooksack Boat Access
Shoreline of Statewide Significance
! Public Shoreline - Developed
# Public Shoreline - Undeveloped # Recommended Shoreline Acquisition