Download - When do you think spiritual beliefs began?
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When do you think spiritual beliefs began?
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• No one knows exactly when or where.• But it is certain that people had strong
spiritual beliefs in ancient times.• http://cavemanchemistry.com/oldcave/shanidar.jpg
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• Animism was practiced by many peoples during prehistoric times. .http://www.worldbook.com/wb/images/content_spotlight/conservation/cave.jpg
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The term used for those beliefs is ”Animism.”
The word “Animism” comes from the Latin anima which means “soul” or having “breath”.
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• Even today, people all over the globe follow animist beliefs.
• http://www.newagemultimedia.com/firebrace/performance.jpg
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• Animism is the belief that spirits inhabit animate (living) things.
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objectshttp://www.indiatravelogue.com/images1/wildlife/snake.jpg
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• Southeast Asia some people believe banyan trees are sacred.
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Sacred tree in Indonesia
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• The Bwa and Nuna people of central Burkina Faso seek the help of powerful spirits who live in the wild forests, bush country, and rivers surrounding their villages.
• They create masks to bring the spirits to life.
• Dancing these masks on market days and at funerals and initiation ceremonies honors the spirits and brings forth their blessings.
• http://cti.itc.virginia.edu/~bcr/African_Mask_Faces.html
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• Wishing to control the spirit forces and have their help against the powers of destruction, the Bwa and Nuna create masks that make
the spirits visible and put them in touch with the people.
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• Nuna animal spirit masks depict the nature spirits associated with such powerful animals as the hawk, buffalo, and crocodile. http://cti.itc.virginia.edu/~bcr/African_Mask_Faces.html
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• The crocodile's body is covered with scales in the form of a checkerboard pattern, which represents the separation between knowledge and ignorance. The crocodile maskers dance in pairs, with fluid undulating motions.
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• Buffalo Mask ofThe Nuna peoplesHampton University Museum
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Spirits can also inhabit geographical landforms
• featureshttp://www.art3st.com/artprojects/lj/photoproject/nov2004/sunrise-ftpierce-nov2004.jpg
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• Geographical landforms such as mountains, bodies of water also are important to animist beliefs
• Ghana has a famous spirit called Mame Water.
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• In Ghana there is a water spirit called Mami Water
• The fishermen consider her so sacredthey do not talk about heropenly.
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Natural phenomenon such as lightning thunder, earth quakes can be given humanlike or supernatural spiritual powers
Tupan, a god of the Tupi-Guarani people of the Amazon rainforest is a spirit who lives in the sky and is believed to cause thunder.
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• Natural phenomena can be a good or evil spirit http://earthscience.files.wordpress.com/2007/05/tornado.jpg
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There are also ancestor spirits.www.newagemultimedia.com/firebrace/Pict0028.jpg
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• Hopi - Honoring the ancestral spirits http://search.yahoo.com/?fr=slv8-
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A holy burial place for the Tupi-Guaraní of the rain forest of Brazil www.nickwinter.com/.../brazil/iguacu_2.jpg
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Democratic Republic of Congo – ancestor spirit mask
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People believed they had to maintain a favorable (good) relationship with the spirits or else suffer their wrath (anger).
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• Bali Paying tribute to the spirits of the ancestors. http://blog.baliwww.com/wp-content/photos/pemangku_1.jpg
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• Animists also believe that spirits inhabit inanimate (nonliving) objects. http://www.newagemultimedia.com/firebrace/performance.jpg
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Saami Sacred Stones in Karelia, RussiaSaamis believed that in this stones (seidas) there live spirits that might
help if one sacrificed them animals (usually reindeers) and things.
http://heninen.net/seid/english.htm
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In Japan the mysterious forces of nature, called ke, were believed to be inside objects and space to create mononoke. Mononoke gathered in trees and stones.
The oi-ya in the old shrine compound of the Naiku Ise
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Off-shore rock kami
www.aarweb.org/.../Images275/rock-kami.jpg
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In North America Medicine wheels are stone structures built by certain indigenous people for spiritual and ritual purposes.
http://www.wolfcreekarts.com/Medicine_Wheel.htm
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• Arizona Indian medicine wheel
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• Stonehenge a massive prehistoric stone monument in England
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Animals are also given humanlike powers
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http://www.eddystoneinn.com/photos/totems/totems_alaska.JPG
The figure on the top of this Tlingit totem pole is Raven the creator. North America
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How do we know about these ancient traditions when the people had no
writing?
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Oral tradition
From generation to generation stories were passed down in families, clans, tribes, and villages.
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As long as words have been spoken there have been storytellers and people to listen to them.
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• Stories were a way of explaining things that people did not understand.
http://www.pvv.ntnu.no/~erikad/Themepages/Travel/Mali/griot.jpg
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In many cultures storytelling is not just narration or speaking.
There is also music and dance, singing and religion.
Tupa –Guaraniof Brazil
www.sescsp.org
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When the stories were good they were retold over and over.
http://www.cowboypoetry.com/cfTheStoryTeller.jpg
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• Myths • Folktales• Fables
• Oral history
Teach lessons about human behaviorTell the beliefs and values of the people
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• Pueblo Indian story teller - pottery
www.bahti.com/Media/story2.jpg
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Oral Tradition keeps the past alive, keeps beliefs strong, and makes learning about cultures fascinating!
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http://www.montykins.com/mkins/Storyteller.jpg