Transcript
Page 1: Word formation 1 Lesson 7B CLASSIFYING GRAMMAR CLASSIFYING MORPHOLOGY

Word formation 1

Lesson 7B

Page 2: Word formation 1 Lesson 7B CLASSIFYING GRAMMAR CLASSIFYING MORPHOLOGY

CLASSIFYING GRAMMAR

MORPHOLOGY SYNTAX

GRAMMAR

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CLASSIFYING MORPHOLOGY

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THE OVERALL PICTURE

Inflection

Derivation Composition

Word formation

MORPHOLOGY SYNTAX

GRAMMAR

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swim

• CONVERSION

• when a word changes its word class

to swim (verb) a swim (noun)

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CONVERSION

• to rain rain

• to bicycle a bicycle

• to cheat a cheat

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CNN, NATO

• ACRONYMS

• initials which are pronounced as single words

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ping-pong, teeny-weeny

• REDUPLICATION

• a lexeme with two identical, or very similar, constituents

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motel, brunch, heliport

• BLENDING

• when a word is made out of shortened forms of other words

• BR-eakfast + l-UNCH = BRUNCH

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BLENDING

• motel

• heliport

• mo-tor? + ho-tel

• heli-copter + air-port

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gas

• CLIPPING

• when a word of more than one syllable is reduced to a shorter form

gasoline gas

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CLIPPING

burger

deli

mike

hamburger

delicatessen

microphone

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edit, televise, demo

• BACK FORMATION

• When a word of one type is reduced to form a word of a different type

editor edit

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BACK FORMATION

• television televise

• demonstration demo

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Aussie• HYPOCORISM

• A longer word is reduced to a single syllable and then -y or -ie is added

• Australian Auss + -ie Aussie

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HYPOCORISM

• moving picture

move+ ie

movie

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quack, woof

• ONOMATOPEIA

• When a word is created to sound like the thing it names

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Darwinian

• EPONYM

• when a word is derived from the name of a person

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EPONYMY

• Buzz Lightyear is derived from Buzz Aldrin the astronaut

• Garibaldi biscuits were marketed in England after Garibaldi’s visit (and you can still buy them)

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nylon, aspirin

• COINAGE

• the invention of a totally new word

This often occurs with scientific names and

trade names of new products

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Quiz (1)

• vet = clipping

• fantabulous = blending (fantastic + fabulous)

• Google = coinage (a new invention)

• to Google (vb) = conversion from Google (noun)

• doc = clipping (from doctor)

• zig-zag =reduplication

• fahrenheit = eponym

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Quiz (2)

• ‘Sob!’ = onomatopeia

• hankie = hypocorism

• AIDS = acronymy

• to biograph = back-formation from

biography (noun)

• infotainment = blending (information +

entertainment)

• to party = conversion from party (noun)


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