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Working with Emotional Intelligence
to Create Positive Change
Robert K. Bitting, Ph.D., L.M.H.C.June, 2013NYSCAA
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What is What is IntelligenceIntelligence??Typically focused on:
◦ analytic reasoning◦ verbal skills◦ spatial ability◦ attention◦ memory◦ judgment
Murky concept with definitions by many experts...
What’s the key?
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IQ:IQ:
A weak predictor for◦Achievement◦Job performance success◦Overall success, wealth
Still a component of employment/career success; maybe 20-25%
So, where’s the rest come from?
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One Place:One Place:Emotional IntelligenceEmotional Intelligence How we perceive emotions and facilitate
thought.How we understand and manage
emotions.Refers to feelings that a person has in a
relationship.Capacity to reason with emotions and
emotional signals – self and others.Self-awareness, social awareness, self-
management, relationship management.
What’s Your Definition?
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Two Important People:Two Important People:
Carl Rogers (and the Big “E”)
and…
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The “Godfather” of E.I. The “Godfather” of E.I. Albert EllisAlbert Ellis
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
Connection Between How We: Think, Feel and Behave
The Idea of “Changing the Thought, Changing the Behavior”
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Thoughts
Feelings Behaviors
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YOU
(CHOICE)
Thoughts
Feelings Behaviors
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Ellis: ABCDEEllis: ABCDEA – Activating or “red flag” eventB – Belief or BehaviorC – Consequences (Emotional or
other)D – Dispute w/ more
rational/realistic expectations (Choose to “reframe”)
E – Effects (positive) of these more rational beliefs/behaviors
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Ellis: Typical Thinking ErrorsEllis: Typical Thinking Errors
Ignoring the PositiveExaggerating the NegativeOvergeneralizing
QUIT MUSTERBATING!!
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Three Key Questions:Three Key Questions:What Do You Want?What Are You Doing To Get What You Want?
How’s It Working?
(Also, quit awfulizing and whining!)
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Based On Acceptance Based On Acceptance (Unconditional)(Unconditional)SelfOthersLife
Really?: Let’s hear what Ellis has to say about this!
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So…more potent predictors So…more potent predictors of of Career Success Career Success are:are:
Ability to handle frustrationsManage own emotionsManage own social skills
Do you know any highly intelligent
people who aren’t socially adept?
(Anyone in NYSCAA?)
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Problem: how we’ve Problem: how we’ve historically viewed emotions:historically viewed emotions:
•Chaotic•Haphazard•Superfluous•Incompatible with reason•Disorganized•Largely visceral•Resulting from the lack of effective
adjustment
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How we are now viewing How we are now viewing emotions:emotions:
•Arouse, sustain, direct activity•Part of total economy of living organisms•Not in opposition to intelligence•A higher order of intelligence
Emotional processingmay be an essential partof rational decision making
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Evolutionary Advantage to Evolutionary Advantage to EmotionEmotion For example:
◦Fight or flight response
◦But… Can basic
emotions overwhelm rational thinking?
◦Have you ever been “HIJACKED”?
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The main purpose of the innermostpart of the brain is survival.
To Get To Get at at EmotionEmotion, Go , Go Deep...Deep...
Amygdala isdeep within the most elemental Parts of the brain.
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Basic Emotions—we all have ‘em Basic Emotions—we all have ‘em – are they “hard-wired” or – are they “hard-wired” or learned?learned?
The “4 Core”JoySadnessAngerFear
Others?
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•“Being nice”•Letting feelings
hang out”
So (Again) What is Emotional So (Again) What is Emotional Intelligence (EI)?Intelligence (EI)?
The capacity for recognizing our own feelings and those of others, for motivating ourselves, and for managing emotions well in ourselves and in our relationships.
•a field in a field in infancyinfancy
•fast-growingfast-growing
•aspects harken aspects harken to research of to research of the 1940the 1940’’ss
•a field in a field in infancyinfancy
•fast-growingfast-growing
•aspects harken aspects harken to research of to research of the 1940the 1940’’ss
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Emotional self-awarenessEmotional self-awareness
The inability to notice our true feelings leaves us at their mercy.
People with greater certainty about their feelings are better pilots of their lives and have a surer sense about how they feel about personal decisions.
How do you stay open to your emotional experiences?--
can we tolerate the full range?
Self-awareness
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Value of taking time for self- Value of taking time for self- awareness requires abilitiesawareness requires abilities
to recognize appropriate body cues and emotions
to label cues and emotions accurately
to stay open to unpleasant as well as pleasant emotions
Includes the capacity for experiencing and recognizing multiple and conflicting emotions
Emotional Self Awareness
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Managing OneManaging One’’s Own s Own EmotionsEmotionsEI is like a smoke alarm. EI tells us
a particular emotion is arising.Tremendous individual variability
vis-à-vis duration and intensity of emotion.
EI can help us “reframe” and move forward more quickly.
Self -regulation
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Out of Control Out of Control EmotionsEmotionsImpair reasoning (even smart people sometimes act stupidly – example?)
May increase the likelihood that chronic emotional problems will result, (e.g., clinical depression or chronic anxiety or hostility)
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Using emotions to maximize Using emotions to maximize intellectual processing and intellectual processing and decision-making:decision-making:As a person matures, emotions
begin to shape and improve thinking by directing a person’s attention to important changes.
Example: Learning to Delay Gratification
Self- Motivation
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Utilizing mild emotional swings Utilizing mild emotional swings to more effectively:to more effectively:
• Promote or hinder motivation - anxiety, hostility, sadness • Understand emotional swings to increase perspective on future events.
Read Blink, by Malcolm Gladwell – a great book for “reading” other people!
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Developing empathyDeveloping empathyEmpathy is the ability to
recognize another’s emotional state, which is very similar to what you are experiencing.
“Here I am, as I am” leads us closer to conditions for Unconditional Acceptance, Social Interest, and the Big E.
socialawareness
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Developing Developing empathyempathy also also links to:links to:
Greater emotional stability
Greater interpersonal sensitivity
Better school and work performance
Developing empathy
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The The Art of Social RelationshipsArt of Social Relationships----managing emotions in othersmanaging emotions in others
Effective friend, negotiator, and leader.
Ability to guide interactions, inspire, and make others. comfortable in social situations
Influence and persuade others.
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The The ““Dark SideDark Side””:The danger of :The danger of the nice personalitythe nice personality
Have you ever met a nice person, but the “bells have gone off?”
Charisma draws in but not always to desired ends, e.g., Hitler, Jim Jones.
Empathy can be faked; so can other emotions.
Anyone you know?
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The Development of The Development of ““EIEI””A genetic
contribution is likely
But it is not destinyEarly expression of
emotion by parents helps learning
Early abuse hinders learning
Poor ability to read others’ emotions may lead to the development of poor social skills.
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Emotion-Related “Dysfunction”Emotion-Related “Dysfunction”(the Everyday Type!)(the Everyday Type!)
Can lead to THE 4 HORSEMEN of Negative Emotions:
DefensivenessStonewallingCriticismCONTEMPT!!
Impacts on physical health:
Cardiovascular disease
Progression of diabetes, cancer, hypertension
OVERALL BAD STUFF
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Dysfunction at Work - Dysfunction at Work - Questions to Ask:Questions to Ask:
Is the person in the wrong job?Does the job require the person
to be difficult?What is remarkable about the
group dynamics of the organization?
What about individuals, personal and interpersonal?
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Importance of EI to Organizations:Importance of EI to Organizations:
50% of work satisfaction is determined by the relationship a worker has with… his/her boss.
EI is a prerequisite for effective leadership across borders.◦Requires a high level of self-mastery and people skills; ability to put yourself into the positions of others.
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What is Improving EI Worth?What is Improving EI Worth?
Increases retention.Decreases absenteeism.Increases overall organizational growth.
Could increase production as much as 20%
Current estimates to American Business: Losing between $5.6 and
$16.8 Billion annually
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Nine Nine StrategiesStrategies for for
TAKING THE TIME FOR MINDFULNESS
Recognizing and naming emotions
Understanding the causes of feelings
Differentiating between emotion and the need to take action
Preventing depression through “learned optimism”
Managing anger through learned behavior or distraction techniques
Listening for the lessons of feelings
Using “gut feelings” in decision making
Developing listening skills
Promoting Emotional
Intelligence
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Using Using E.I. E.I. in the Workplacein the Workplace• Should skills related to EI find their way into workplace strategic planning?
• Can such skills be effectively developed in the workplace?
• Would the introduction of skills related to EI radically modify the workplace – and if so, how?
• How does effective customer service relates to the basic concepts of E.I.?
• What is the EI skill set applied to where you work?