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World’s consumption of natural oils and fats
1991 79.2 million tons2001 117 million tons
Malaysia Indonesia Argentina = Producers
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Surfactants
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Classification of Surfactants
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Encapsulation systems
Liposome:Lipid bilayer
enclosing an aqueous core
Lipid nanoparticle: Lipid monolayer
enclosing a solid lipid core Solid particles stabilizing an emulsion
Polymeric nanoparticle
Nanoemulsion: Lipid monolayer enclosing a liquid lipid core
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EmulsionR > 100 nm
Drop size grows continuously with time leading to phase separation.
(Thermodynamically unstable)
Require input work to make.
Milky appearance
MicroemulsionR~ 5-50 nm
Ultra low interfacial tension between oil and water.
(Thermodynamically stable)
Spontaneous formation at right condition. (Composition dependent)
Translucent appearance.
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