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WRETC, New Delhi, 21 August 2014
W t t EWaste‐to‐Energy
Presentation by: Gaurav KediaChairman, Indian Biogas AssociationMD, Arka BRENStech Pvt. Ltd.
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Structure
dIndian Biogas Association
Biogas ‐ an introductionBiogas ‐ an introduction
Biogas potential and present scenario
Bi A d f I di b l d I d t i l t
Biogas potential and present scenario
Bi A d f I di b l d I d t i l tBiogas: A need for Indian urban, rural and Industrial sector
Socio‐economic model of Biogas
Biogas: A need for Indian urban, rural and Industrial sector
Socio‐economic model of Biogas
Challenges for Biogas
Case study : Muni Seva Ashram
Challenges for Biogas
Case study Muni Seva AshramCase study : Muni Seva AshramCase study : Muni Seva Ashram
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Indian Biogas Association
The association was founded in 2011 and isnow mushrooming. The sole motto of the
i ti i “ ti Bi iassociation is “propagating Biogas in asustainable way”.
www.biogas‐india.com
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Biogas Plant – An Understanding
M M M
Three important rules for Biogas production: Mix well, Pump/feed well, and Heat well!
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Substrate from Agricultural, Urban and Industrial origin
Cow Dung poultry litterCow Dung, poultry litter
Agricultural residues as rice straw, banana stem, maize , ,stalks
Sugar mill press mud, Distilleries spent wash, Sago plant effluent
Municipal Solid Waste, slaughter house waste, vegetable market waste,vegetable market waste, kitchen waste
Silage from agricultural crops g g pas Napier grass, Sugar beet, Sugar cane, Maize
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Modularisation
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Modular Biogas plant in Germany
Ca 45 000 m3 biogas/dayCa. 45,000 m3 biogas/day, Liquid fertilizer storage capacity ca. 48,000 m3
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Organic fertilizer
Weighted average arable land of world:Weighted average arable land of world:
~40% of land area, whereas India has
~61% of land area as arable land i.e.
1,697,000 square kilometers
Weighted average organic farming in
world: 242,708 hectares (Total =
21,358,307 hectares), whereas organic
farming in India is just 41,000 hectaresg j ,
Chemical fertilizer consumption in India:
16,122,580 metric tons, which could be
reduced by the use of organic fertlizer
Rates for organic fertilizer can be veryfiedIf you think organic food is expensive, have you priced cancer lately?
www.biogas‐india.com
between 2500 – 7000 INR for 70% TDS‐ Joel Salatin, founder of Polyace farms
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Fertilizer production I
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Renewable energy country attractiveness indices
www.biogas‐india.com‐ E&Y, 2014, URL: goo.gl/4Ghkw
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Utilization of Biogas
Drying, Gas conditioning with or
BIOGAS
y g,Desulfurization
gwithout CO2 separation
CompressionReformation (possibly)
BoilerBottling or gas
p
Filling
(possibly)
CHP Fuel
Heat
Bottling or gas grid
b f
station
FuelElectricity & Heat Electricity
cell
Substitute for LPG or nature
gas
and heat
www.biogas‐india.com
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Financial Analysis
1.8‐2.1 Units of Electricity
INR 14 7 @ INR 7/KWh*
0.4 Kg of Compressed Biogas
INR 14.7 @ INR 7/KWh
1 Ncum of Biogas g p g
INR 20 @ INR 50/Kg*
g
INR 5 @ INR 5/NCum
Not to forget – Biofertilizer is an intrinsic part of revenue
* CAPEX & OPEX almost similar for both type of plants
Not to forget Biofertilizer is an intrinsic part of revenue for Biogas business!
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Biofuels in Comparison
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Scenario
Scattered marketScattered market
No established player at national level
Market needs someone offering end to end solution
Experienced and skilled workforce is lacking
Government active intervention is needed
Promotion of organic crops is lacking
Different approach is needed for small, medium and large scale biogas plant promotion
Supply chain management is to be streamlined
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Challenges
Finance
TechnicalEnergy management
ChallengesgSocial
engineeringO&M
CostPolicy
www.biogas‐india.com
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Socio‐economic model of Biogas: An example
Source: emapsworld.com www.biogas‐india.com
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Gobar Bank Concept
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• Bhitbhudrak model showed the importance of social
Project Uniqueness
• Bhitbhudrak model showed the importance of social engineering along with technology to make biogas a success
• The design was kept very simple and yet robust• The length of pipeline in the village is 2500 meters• The villagers are facilitated with cleaner and consistent source
of energy for cookingof energy for cooking• Improved economics of village:
‐ By way of providing more earnings from dung
‐ By way of improved crop production because of use of organic fertilizer• Improved health and hygienep yg• Providing smoke free atmosphere into kitchen• Providing cleaner environment in to village • Women empowermentWomen empowerment
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Biogas, Enrichment and Bottling unit at Jaipur ‐ I
Indigenously developed LPSA system
www.biogas‐india.com
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PEDA 1 MW Biogas Plant, Ludhiana
www.biogas‐india.com
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Gas storage
BioEnergiFer
g
InputStirrer
Slurry outlet
Gas outlet
Bio‐diegester
www.biogas‐india.com
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BioEnergiFer ‐ II
www.biogas‐india.com
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Present situation in India
Photo sources:STRDEL/AFP/Getty ImagesWikimedia
www.biogas‐india.com
http://assets.knowledge.allianz.com/
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Proposed Scheme
Two phase processing in module
Percolation
Two phase processing in module
Waste Sorting
PercolationHigh Quality
BiogasCapture and
Sell
Remove H2O and
O i
Add Nutrients
Remove H2O and Nutrients
High QualityImpurities Composting
Organic Fertilizer
Sort and sell
Co post g
Remove H2O
www.biogas‐india.com
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Proposed two phase system
Biogas, >70% methane
BiowasteActive liquid
Biogas ReactorProcess module
Process tank
Solid – Liquid separation Hydrolysis – Methanogenesis separation Anaerobic Digestion and Aerobe Composting integrated
www.biogas‐india.com
Anaerobic Digestion and Aerobe Composting integrated
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Similar existing plant – Norway I
www.biogas‐india.com
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Similar existing plant – Norway II
www.biogas‐india.com
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Similar existing plant – Norway III
www.biogas‐india.com
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Muni Seva Ashram: A Case Study
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Geographical location MSA
• Near Vadodara close to the district border to Panch Kola and• Near Vadodara, close to the district border to Panch Kola and not far away from border to Madhya Pradesh.
• Road and grid access are quite good.Road and grid access are quite good.
• Distance to industrial sites (Apollo tires, Suzlon, etc. are quite near, so there is a good chance for third party buyers for power.
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MSA Mission
"To serve the deficient and needy sections of the societyTo serve the deficient and needy sections of the society,without regards to cast, creed, religion or financial status of therecipient, employing the best available appropriate technologiesd i l t h ith th t "and in complete harmony with the nature."
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Solar Cooling
• Vapour Absorption Chiller (VAC) refrigeration system that canachie e cooling p to 6 0Cachieve cooling up to 6 0C
• Scheffler dishes allow water to reach temperature of 180 0C ‐Corresponding steam at 8 to 10 kg/cm2 pressurep g g/ p
• 100 Tr of cooling out of this solar Air Conditioning System usingScheffler Concentrators
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Solar Crematorium
• World's First and only “Solar Crematorium”y
• System to be backed by biogas for buffer supply
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Renewable heaven
• MSA is using solar street lamp, cooker, and many otherrenewablesrenewables
• Sustainability at Ashram has got the human dimension as well!
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Summary
• Biogas: Versatile and efficient• Biogas: Versatile and efficient
• R&D: Improvement of efficiency and environmental performance of biogas production and utilization
F Bi d l t l t l li i i l• For Biogas development, clear governmental policies are crucial
• Integration and compensation of biogas – technically, financially and socially
• Trees can be retained
• Biogas is a quick, easily controlled fuel
• No smoke or smell (unless there is a leak)
• Clean pots
• Sludge is a better fertilizer than manure or synthetic fertilizers (and
is cheaper than manufactured products)is cheaper than manufactured products)
• Reduced pathogen transmission compared to untreated waste
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Q&A
Commonsense is the realised sense of proportion!
Gaurav KediaE: info@biogas‐india.com M: +91‐9983498904W: www.biogas‐india.com