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www.1spatial.com© 1Spatial 2010. All rights reserved.
An Internet of PlacesMaking Location Data Pervasive
Paul Watson
Giuseppe Conti*
Federico Prandi*
* Fondazione Graphitech
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Role of Spatial Information Location critical to our understanding
and model of the world Navigation Land & Property Management Environment & Natural Resources Asset Management Retail (Logistics/Store Planning) Defence & Intelligence Insurance
£100 billion of business per annum underpinned by spatial data in UK alone
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Internet of Places
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Point MultiPoint LineString MultiLineString
Polygon Polygon (holes) MultiPolygon Collection
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Use Case
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Objectives
Spatio-temporal fabric for Web content Discover content from all sources – real-time/static “Spatialise” existing Web content Allow spatio-temporal data to merge with other data Bridge structured, semi-structured and unstructured data Change metaphor from keyword search to virtual exploration Manufacture (join) spatio-temporal data on-demand Present spatio-temporal data useably (devices)
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Dependencies
Common data model for spatio-temporal and all other data Semantic spatio-temporal search (space – time – task) Flexible data enrichment services Flexible data adaptation services Orchestration services Augmented reality & Semantic 3D GeoBrowsers
many commonalities with SOA-based spatial data supply chain
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Semantic Web - Vision
The Semantic Web provides a common framework that allows data to be shared and reused across application, enterprise, and community boundaries. (2001)
The first step is putting data on the Web in a form that machines can naturally understand, or converting it to that form. This creates what I call a Semantic Web – a web of data that can be processed directly or indirectly by machines. – Weaving the Web (2000)
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RDF & SPARQL
RDF - Machine-readable, triples (subject-predicate-object – all URI’s) Subject:Cambridge – Predicate:isInCounty – Object:Cambridgeshire Single uniform data model for all information Look up every URI in an RDF graph over the Web Information merges naturally Set RDF links between data from different sources Represent scattered information in a single model Schema languages (RDF-S & OWL) allow tightly structured data,
unstructured data or anything in between SPARQL - W3C Query language and protocol to select parts of
RDF graphs globally unambiguous queries
Subject ObjectPredicate
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Linked Data Relationship to Semantic Web
Futureproofing data access
Compatibility with machine reasoning (RIF, OWL)
“Upgrade” existing data sources with new “firmware”
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Why Linked Data?
Equally applicable to unstructured, semi-structured, and structured data and content
Elimination of internal data 'silos' Automatic Integration of internal and external data Easy linking of enterprise, industry-standard, open public and public subscription
data Complete data modelling of any legacy schema Flexible and easy updates and changes to existing schema An end to the need to re-architect legacy schema resulting from changes to the
business or M & A Report creation and data display based on templates and queries, not requiring
manual crafting Flexible data access, analysis and manipulation - user level Internal linked data stores can be maintained by existing DBA procedures and
assets
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Linking Open Data cloud diagram
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Web Information Retrieval
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Limitations of Keyword Search
Requires that search can be expressed in pre-arranged keywords e.g. Olympic Games
Inadequate for concepts which are not readily expressible in keywords, like time & space e.g. events within 10 miles of Cambridge city centre, in the last 30 mins
Returns whole documents Not “joined up” – manual integration Rudimentary presentation – not contextual
But – contrast the traditional SDI approach (Cathedral not Bazaar)
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GeoCrawling & Indexing
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Tags
AfricaPrecipitation
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Flexible Semantic Search – finding tags
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Relevant ontology setInferred from user’s task
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Recognising Implicitly Spatio-temporal Content
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Geoparsing
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Federated Search - DNS
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Data Expiry
Sensors
Social
Master
B2B
Dynamic
Static
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Presentation
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Content Adaptation
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Rich client Navigation
Raster Only Thin client
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Conceptual Architecture
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unlocking data,empowering businessthank you for listening