Dr. Abd. Nassir bin IbrahimDirector, Industrial Technology Division

Malaysia Nuclear AgencyPresident, Malaysian Society for NDT

(MSNT)

2

Malaysia before Malaysia before 1980: economy 1980: economy depends on prime depends on prime commodity namely commodity namely rubber, palm oil, rubber, palm oil, coconut, pineapple coconut, pineapple and tinand tinGDP RM12.8 billionGDP RM12.8 billionGrowth rate 1%Growth rate 1%Percapita income Percapita income RM 788RM 788

22

Malaysia after 1980: economic turning point from commodity dependent to industry1980 also marked the era of oil and gas industryPETRONAS INCOME 2007:RM41.7 billions (35.4% of Total Malaysian Income)

3

2006: Malaysia’s GDP was at RM277.3 billionEconomic growth was around 6%Per capita income stood at RM19, 739.

4

Manjung Power Plant

Kerteh oil refinery

Steel plant

Malaysia in 2020: fully developed nationNeed for energy to mobilize industryPOSSIBILITY OF GOING TO NUCLEAR ERAExpected GDP RM920 billionExpected percapita income RM45,000

6

The Alberta Energy and Utilities Board and TransCanada Corporation are investigating the Dec. 1 and Dec. 2 rupture of TransCanada's natural gas pipeline in northern Alberta.The EUB says the breaks resulted in no injuries or environmental damage.The first break in the 36-inch pipeline carrying sweet gas occurred at approximately 5:45 p.m. Dec. 1 about 30 kilometres southwest of the community of Little Smokey, about 110 kilometres southeast of Grande Prairie, then at around 7 a.m. the next day another rupture and resulting fire occurred roughly 15 kilometres downstream of the original incident.

THIS HAPPENED IN CANADA20TH JULY 2009

Petronas RM3bil gas pipeline between Lawas town and Long Sukang exploded around 2am resulted in the evacuation of nearby villages with some houses and vehicles reportedly damaged, Lawas MP Datuk Henry Sum said.

COMPETENCY OF MANPOWERABILITY TO DEVELOP AND WRITE NDT PROCEDURE (REQUIREMENT BY ASME SECTION V-SUBSECTION A NONDESTRUCTIVE TESTING METHOD OF EXAMINATION, ARTICLE 1 GENERAL REQUIREMENT, T-150 (a), (b) and (c)RELIABILITY OF EQUIPMENTQUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (ACCREDITED TO ISO 17020)

Perform test and compile the resultsPassing the judgement on the status of tested object. Misjudge the result may have the following consequent:

Sending faulty part to service can have deadly consequentRejecting sound objects causing losses to organization

In case of RT, safety and security of radioactive materials depend on operatorsOperator has the ability to falsify the results

ASME BPVC Section I - Rules for Construction of Power BoilersASME BPVC Section II – MaterialsASME BPVC Section III - Rules for Construction of Nuclear Facility ComponentsASME BPVC Section V-NondestructiveTesting–ASME BPVC Section VIII - Rules for Construction of Pressure VesselsASME BPVC Section XI - Rules for Inservice Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Components

CertificationCertification

Employer based system Central certification system

ASNT-TC-1A ISO 9712 / EN 473

Employer has a quality procedure: “written practice”describing the details of the qualification process from experience and training to examination and certificationEmployer has to organize training, examination and certification and to store all documentsRecommendation ASNT-TC-1A as guidance

Guidelines which the Employer uses to create a Written Practice.The document is not and has never been a Standard SNT-TC-1A is a Recommended PracticeThe first edition of SNT TC 1A was published in 1966 Purpose: to provide a set of guidelines for certification of NDT operator Edition: 1966, 1968, 1971, 1975, 1980, 1984, 1988, 1992, 1996 (1), 1996 (2) with 1998 Addenda, 2001, 2006 (12th edition)Written Practice created must be acceptable, not only to the Employer, but also to the Purchaserr

TYPES OF CERTIFICATION (2)TYPES OF CERTIFICATION (2)CENTRAL CERTIFICATION SYSTEMCENTRAL CERTIFICATION SYSTEM

• Examination and training are strictly isolated by structure

• Work is based on a international Standard

• Annually checked by accreditation body

• Participants receive a registered and controlled certificate

• Example: ISO/EN 9712, PCN, JPK

PRO AND CON PRO AND CON OF EBS AND OF EBS AND

CCPCCP•• CCP is very CCP is very

independentindependent•• Cost efficientCost efficient•• Internationally Internationally

acceptedaccepted•• Transferable Transferable

between jobsbetween jobs

•• EBS gives EBS gives deeper deeper knowledge of knowledge of company company productsproducts

•• Underlines Underlines responsibility of responsibility of employeremployer

•• Not transferableNot transferable

Employer based (SNT TC 1A)Central certification SchemeCSWIPACCPPCNEN473ISO 9712

21

MERGED FROM1ST JANUARY 2013

MOVING TOWARDINTERNATIONAL HARMONIZATIONBACKED BY ICNDT-INTRODUCED MRA

IAEA VIENNA

MINISTRY OF HUMAN RESOURCE

To provide an internationally accepted means for evaluating and documenting the competence of NDT persons whose duties require the theory & practical knowledge for tests they perform, specify, supervise or evaluate.

ADMINISTERED BY JPKBASED ON ISO 9712APPROVED BY AELBAPPROVED BY PETRONAS AND OTHER END USERSCERTIFICATION BODY IS ACCREDITED TO ISO 17024 BEEN LISTED AS COUNTRY WHO INTEND TO BE PART OF MRA

TRAINEE OPERATOR ARE REQUIRED TO ATTEND AND TO POSSESS TRAINING CERTIFICATE OF PART 1 LEVEL 1 OR LEVEL 1 (AT LEAST PASSING EQUIPMENT OPERATING EXAMINATION)

Gabungan Kursus Asas Radiografi Bahagian I dan Bahagian II, Tahap I (Part I dan Part II, Level I) adalah setaraf dengan silibus yang telah ditetapkan oleh Majlis Latihan Vokasional Kebangsaan (MLVK) bagi kursus kemahiran sebagaiJururadiogarfi Industri Tahap I. (COMBINATION OF PART 1 AND PART II LEVEL 1 RT IS EQUIVALENT TO A SYLLABUS OF RT1 TRAINING COURSE IN ACCORDANCE TO A NATIONAL CERTIFICAT ION SCHEME

FOR SITTING RPO EXAMINATION THE CANDIDATE MUST HAVE A MINIMUM EXPERIENCE AS RT LEVEL 1 (NATIONAL CERTIFICATION SCHEME) FOR A PERIOD OF:

6 MONTHS (DEGREE IN ENGINEERING, SCIENCE)12 MONTHS (DIPLOMA IN ENGINEERING OR SCIENCE)36 MONTHS (SPM, STPM, POLYTECHNIQUE)

BEGINNING FROM 1ST JANUARY 2015 PERSONNEL TO BE RECOGNIZED AS AN APPROVE OPERATOR BY AELB MUST BE TRAINED, QUALIFIED AND CERTIFIED TO LEVEL 2LEVEL 1 PERSONNEL WILL ONLY BE APPROVED AS AN ASSISTANT RADIOGRAPHER

OBJECTIVE: TO HAVE ALL RCA MEMBER STATES (18 states) TO BECOME PARTY OF AN AGREEMENT FOR MUTUAL RECOGNITION OF NDT CERTIFICATESINITIATED IN 2003 IN BANGLADESH-FIRST DRAFT OF AGREEMENT2005: 2ND DRAFT IN SRI LANKA AND PREPARE GUIDELINE FOR HARMONIZATIONAUSTRALIA AND NEW ZEALAND HAS SET THE PACE

1. HAVING RECOGNIZED NCB2. MEMBERSHIP OF APCNDT AND ICNDT3. CERTIFICATION SCHEME ACCORDANCE WITH ISO 97124. NCB CONFORMANCE TO ISO 170245. NCB ACCREDITED BY IAF RECOGNIZED BODY6. SCHEME ACCEPTED BY APCNDT7. APPLICATION FOR RECOGNITION8. ENDORSEMENT FOR MUTUAL RECOGNITION

CountryCountry 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88

BangladeshBangladesh // // // 20082008 20102010 20102010 20112011 20122012

ChinaChina // // // 20082008 20102010 20102010 20102010 20102010

IndiaIndia // // // 20082008 20092009 20092009 20092009 20092009

IndonesiaIndonesia 20082008 // 20082008 20092009 20102010 20102010 20112011 20122012

MalaysiaMalaysia // // // 20102010 20112011 20122012 20122012 20122012

MongoliaMongolia // // // 20072007 20082008 20082008 20092009 20102010

MyanmarMyanmar 20082008 20082008 20082008 20102010 20112011 20122012 20122012 20122012

PakistanPakistan // // // 208208 20102010 20102010 20102010 20112011

PhillippinePhillippine // // // 20072007 20072007 20072007 20072007 20082008

KoreaKorea 20092009 20092009 20102010 20112011 20112011 20112011 20112011 20122012

SingaporeSingapore 20082008 20092009 20092009 20092009 20082008 20092009 20092009

Sri LankaSri Lanka 20082008 // // 20072007 20092009 20092009 20102010 20102010

ThailandThailand 20082008 // 20082008 20102010 20112011 2001220012 20102010 20122012

VietnamVietnam 20072007 // 20072007 20092009 20092009 20092009 20102010 20122012

Timetable for RCA/IAEA Sponsored Project on Harmonization

CountryCountry 20072007 20082008 20092009 20102010 20112011 20122012

AustraliaAustralia

New ZealandNew Zealand

PhillippinesPhillippines

IndiaIndia

SingaporeSingapore

MongoliaMongolia

ChinaChina

Sri LankaSri Lanka

PakistanPakistan

BangladeshBangladesh

IndonesiaIndonesia

MalaysiaMalaysia

MyanmarMyanmar

VietnamVietnamThailandThailandKoreaKorea

Timetable to destination

Reliability of NDT greatly relies with a Reliable NDT personnel certification Do you want to avoid farmers /cowboys qualified in 3 days to test your product/fabricated structure? -Do you want the personnel testing your product are really trained & certified Choose Appropriate Third party personnel Certification

Application of common certification standard ISO 9712 Application of harmonized examination proceduresAccreditation against ISO/IEC 17024 Recognition by Industry and NDT community

The signatories to the ICNDT MRA are the full and associate members of the ICNDT that choose to support the Multilateral Recognition Agreement. From left to right: Representative from China, South Korea, Singapore, Malaysia and India

Other countries signed:Australia, Brazil, Ukraine and Russia

IN MALAYSIA

IN BANGLADESH

IN ETHIOPIA

IN KUWAIT

IN GHANA

IN INDONESIA

Boresonic inspection of rotor shafts consists of the volumetric inspection of the entire area of the bore or central drill-hole, along the length of the rotor

Detection, characterization and dimensioning, loss of tube wall thickness, erosion, cracking, corrosion, loose parts, sludge, performance of profilometry measurements, with a view to increasing the safety and availability of the component.This inspection is performed using multifrequency, digital, robot-operated, remote control equipment

automatic and manual UT inspections are performed on all the welds required by the aforementioned Code to be inspected every 10 years

Inspection of condenser and heat exchanger tube bundles by means of the EDDY CURRENT technique

Inspection of longitudinal and circumferential welds in BWR vessels from the outside of the latter

Description of service

visual inspections performed remotely in LWR vessel using high definition underwater TV cameras

Steam turbine casing joint .

Incipient crack in a casing joint bolt

Combined action between creep and fatigue can cause crack growth in rotor boreCheck with MT, PT and ET

.

UT used for crack detection in nuclear steam line. Cracks longer than the critical length can result in rupture.

Fluorescent penetrant inspection for crack detection in pump castings & shafts for Nuclear power plant assemblies in Bangalore, India. were tested by Team Trinity NDT usingFPI revealed fine pinholes both isolated and clustered at some important areas of castings

in July 2012 in Belgium on the Doel 3 nuclear reactor’s vessel, many indications that "could be assimilated to potential cracks" were detected.Since 1991 37 defects have been detected on the core's shells1of the French reactors’ vessels, including 20 on Tricastin No. 1 reactor’s vessel. These manufacturing defects are periodically checked and do not evolve while operating.In September 2011, a defect was observed on a bottom mounted instrumentation penetration at Gravelines’ reactor n°1. It led ASN to request the extension of controls in thisarea of the vessels.

MALAYSIA HAS ESTBLISHED A QUALIFICATION AND CERTIFICATION FOR NDT PERSONNEL BASED ON ISO 9712ISO 9712 IS AN INDEPENDENT AND IMPARTIAL SHEMENCB RECOGNIZED BY AELB, TNB, PETRONAS ETCNCB WAS ACCREDITED TO ISO 17024NATIONAL NCB IS MOVING TOWARD INTERNATIONAL RECOGNITION MRA