Foreign Animal Disease Preparedness

Lisa Becton, DVM, MSNational Pork Board

Trade Limiting FAD’s of Swine

Two Basic FAD Categories

• Vesicular Diseases– Foot and Mouth Disease

(FMD)– Swine Vesicular Disease

(SVD)

• Swine Fevers– Classical Swine Fever

(CSF)– African Swine Fever (ASF)

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Commonalities • All Viruses

– FMD – Affects multiple species– CSF, ASF, SVD - Affects only pigs

• Not in U.S. • No threat to public health or food safety • FMD / CSF have vaccines

– ASF & SVD no vaccines

“Look-a-like” – Seneca Valley Virus (SVV); Vesicular Stomatitis Virus (VSV) - impact??

FMD & SVD

ASF & CSF

Impacts

Threats

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Impact of Foreign Animal Diseases

Foot & Mouth Disease

• Estimated decrease of $14 billion (9.5%) in US farm income. – Philip L. Paarlberg, PhD;

John G. Lee, PhD; Ann H. Seitzinger, PhD Potential revenue impact of an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in the United States JAVMA, Vol 220, No. 7, April 1, 2002

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Classical Swine Fever

• Losses for hogs, including the value of animals destroyed, range from $2.6 billion to $4.1 billion– Paarlberg PL, Hillberg

Seitzinger, Lee JG, et al. Supply reductions, export restrictions, and expectation for hog returns in a potential classical swine fever outbreak in the United States. J swine Health Prod. 2009; 17(3) :155-162

Economic Impacts of FMD

• Cumulative losses over 10 years to*: – Pork – 57 Billion – Beef – 71 Billion– Poultry - 1 Billion – Corn - 44 Billion – Soybeans – 25 Billion – Wheat – 1.8 Billion

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*Center for Agricultural and Rural Development Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute model

Economic Impact of CSF

• Cumulative losses over 10 years to*: – Pork – 51 Billion – Corn – 28.4 Billion – Soybeans – 16.8 Billion

*Center for Agricultural and Rural Development Food and Agricultural Policy Research Institute model for CSF

Industry Approach

Emergency Prep

USDA Goals for FMD Response • The goals of an FMD response are to:

– (1) Detect, control, and contain FMD in animals as quickly as possible

– (2) Eradicate FMD using strategies that seek to stabilize animal agriculture, the food supply, the economy, and protect public health

– (3) Provide science- and risk-based approaches and systems to facilitate continuity of business for non-infected animals and non-contaminated animal products

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FAD Plans • FAD Needs Assessment• FAD Response Strategy

Document • FAD Crisis

communications plan• Packer / Processor FAD

Response Strategy • FAD Push Packs /

Tabletop • Secure Pork Supply Plan

• FAD Research Gap Analysis

• Boarder Protection Gap Analysis

• FAD Oral Fluids Gap Analysis

• FMD Vaccine Strategy– FMD Vaccine Surge

Capacity • Emerging Disease

Response Strategy

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Coordinated Efforts• FAD preparedness and implementation involves all

sectors of industry:– NPB– NPPC – seek Congressional funding for key areas of need– AASV– USDA– NAHLN diagnostic laboratories– State Associations– Allied industry

Other Activities - FAD Preparedness

Feed Risk Pathway Analysis• Initiated by industry after PEDV – completed by

USDA• Assessing FMDV, CSF and PRV• Looked at risks of disease entry by feed • Essentially for the pathogens listed above,

negligible risk…

However, a 2nd study specifically assessing SECD was also initiated…

ASF Risk Pathway Assessment • Started in June 2015• USDA Center for Emerging Issues & Univ of MN

– 1: Determine the most likely pathways of entry for African swine fever (ASF) into the United States

– 2: Determine the most likely point(s) or port(s) of entry for ASF into the United States

– 3: Determine the most likely geographic locations or hotspots for establishing outbreaks of ASF in the United States

Strategic Visits Outside the US• Dec 2007 China

– Investigate high path PRRS and PCV

• Oct 2011 Russia– Fact-finding about status and challenges with ASF– Visited with producer associations, diagnostic labs, and

Federal vets

Strategic Visits (continued)

June 2013 China• General visit viewing

agriculture (USDA-led)

July 2015 Poland & Latvia• NPPC-led; visited first farm

that broke with ASF

FAD Research

• Report on Strategic planning for Swine Disease Research (FAD)

• Report on Swine FAD Oral Fluids Consortium

FAD Research Areas• Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV)

– Vaccine development (specific to swine)– Bio-therapeutic agents for management of symptoms– Evaluation of epidemiologic and movement data to

identify areas of high risk for FMDV

• Classical Swine Fever– Evaluation of the efficacy of current diagnostic assay

for CSF

ASF Research• African Swine Fever

– Identification of conserved genes (vaccine potential)– Vaccine prototypes– Specific oral fluids test development

• General FAD Research– Investigation of the animal welfare implications due to

movement restrictions (all FAD’s)– Development and standardization of assay for all FAD’s– Disinfection against FAD (packing plants)

Swine Health Information Center (SHIC)

• Will be looking at Emerging Diseases of Swine that may/may not already be in the US– i.e. Seneca Valley Virus

• Funding for research on diagnostics, epidemiology, data analysis, vaccine needs

• Help to identify what gaps:– Rapid and accurate diagnostic tests– Speed up response time to new events– Have early treatment options

SHIC• But it is NOT looking at foreign animal diseases or

current endemic, known diseases (like PRRS)

• $5 million for 5 years

• Dr. Paul Sundberg, Executive Director

Educational Information

FAD Awareness Materials• Pork Checkoff has a new kit called the FAD Push

Pack, free to producers & includes:– Sturdy, laminated, barn friendly wall charts (12X18)

for:• Foot and Mouth Disease, Swine Vesicular Disease Classical

Swine Fever, African Swine Fever, Visitor and Employee Biosecurity

– A special report on ASF– A Fact sheet on what to do in case a FAD is diagnosed

in the United States

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One in Every Barn!• Available @ The Pork Store

– www.pork.org – Item #: 04892– Free to Pork Producers

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Biosecurity

Identification and Surveillance

Validated PIN’s

Surveillance

Commerce

Business Continuity

• Demonstrate pre-event – Valid Pre-Harvest

Traceability

– Biosecurity Standards

– Disease Surveillance

– Information Sharing

Buffer Zone (BZ)Buffer Zone (BZ)

Surveillance Zone (SZ)Surveillance Zone (SZ)

Buffer Vaccination Zone (BVZ)Buffer Vaccination Zone (BVZ)

Infected Zone (IZ)Infected Zone (IZ)

Control Area (CA) Control Area (CA)

Infected Premises (IP)Infected Premises (IP)

Contact Premises (CP)Contact Premises (CP)

Suspect Premises (SP)Suspect Premises (SP)

Vaccinated Premises (VP)Vaccinated Premises (VP)

At Risk Premises (ARP)At Risk Premises (ARP)

Free Zone (FZ)Free Zone (FZ)

Monitored Premises (MP)Monitored Premises (MP)

What the State Vet can determine:1. Site is a part of Secure Pork? 2. Valid traceability system up and running? 3. Standardized biosecurity in place? 4. Achieved a negative disease status?

PIN# -123456A: Sow Farm

PIN#-1234567B: Wean to Finish

PIN#-765432A: Pork Packer

PackerReceived Pigs from SPS sites:

AA13579 on XX / XX /2012BB24688 on XX / XX /2012ETC…..

PIN#-AA13579: Wean to Finish

PIN#-BB24688: Wean to Finish

PIN#-1234567C: Swine Finisher

Permitted Movements

SPS Producer Pilot• Center for Food Security and Public Health

– Piloted all of the producer components of SPS in Iowa • Data sharing via Ag Connect• Trained & implemented / audited biosecurity standards • Trained & Implemented AOS • Demonstrated sample collection • Demonstrated permitted movements• Visualization of information by SAHO

• Next phase of pilot will be multi-state

FAD Preparedness summary• With increasing global commerce and travel,

protection of the industry is more important than ever

• Need robust system of identification and surveillance for FAD and others

• Continue to work on “tying all the information together” for rapid decision-making and response

• Continued need for research to help fill in the gaps and focus on what’s coming!

This message funded by America’s Pork Producers and the Pork Checkoff

Thank You