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DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
ASSESSMENT REPORT FOR
PROPOSED EXPANSION OF STEEL MANUFACTURING UNIT
CAPACITY
Existing – Steel Ingots/Billets: 29,400 TPA
After Expansion – Steel Ingots/Billets: 1, 26,000 TPA
Round,Square, TMT Bars, Angle, Channel, Flats, MS Pipes etc.: 1, 20,000 TPA
Project Area- 4.77 acres
[TOR letter no: “F.No. IA-J-11011/153/2018-IA.II(I)” on dated 21st June, 2018]
Study Period: March to May, 2018
Monitoring done by M/s CPTL, Mohali (NABL accredited), MoEF&CC recognized,
NABL Certificate TC- 6728, Validity: 09.11.2017 to 08.11.2019
[Project or Activity of Schedule 3(a) Metallurgical industries (ferrous & non ferrous),
Cat-A]
IN THE EXISTING STEEL MANUFACTURING UNIT OF
M/S JAY AAY ALLOYS PVT. LTD.
Kala Amb, Trilokpur Road, Tehsil-Nahan, District-Sirmaur, Himachal Pradesh
Prepared by
Chandigarh Pollution Testing Laboratory- EIA Division (QCI/ NABET Certificate No: NABET/EIA/1619/SA 057)
Address: E- 126, Phase- VII, Industrial Area, Mohali, Punjab- 160055.
Contacts: 0172-4669295, 5090312
E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected], Website: www.cptl.co.in
NOVEMBER, 2018
CPTLE-DEIA-JAA-11/2018
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA for M/s Jay Aay Alloys Pvt. Ltd.,
Trilokpur Road, Kala Amb, Tehsil-Nahan, Dstrict-Sirmaur (H.P.)
S.No. Functional Area Name of Experts Signature
1 WP
(Cat-B)
Mrs. Sheetal Kashyap
2 AP,AQ
(Cat-A)
Er. Navin Handa
3 AP,AQ
(Cat-B)
Mr. R.S. Rana
4 SHW Mrs. Neha Gupta
5 SE Mrs. Ramandeep Kaur
6 EB Mr. Subhajit Saha
7 HG,GEO,LU Mr. Punit Lal Mahto
8 LU
(Cat-B)
Mr. Sandeep Singh
9 N Er. Som Nath Bansal
10 SC Dr. Roshan Lal Rangila
11 RH Mr. Davinder Chitkara
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Supporting Members:
S.No. Name of Experts Signature
1 Mr. Sumitava Dutta
2 Mr. Sandeep Singh Dhanoa
3 Mrs. Sheetal Kashyap
4 Mr. R.S. Rana
5 Mr. Sanjeev Kumar Sharma
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Declaration by the Head of the accredited consultant organization/ authorized person
I, Mr. Sital Singh, hereby, confirm that the above mentioned experts prepared the EIA of M/s
Jay Aay Alloys Pvt. Ltd., Trilokpur Road, Kala Amb, Tehsil-Nahan, District-Sirmaur (H.P.).
I also confirm that the consultant organization shall be fully accountable for any misleading
information mentioned in this statement.
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Particulars Page No.
Project at a Glance xi
TOR Letter xii - xxii
TOR Compliance xxiii-xxxv
Draft Environment Impact Assessment Report 1- 164
CHAPTER 1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Purpose of The Report 2
1.2 Identification of the Project & Project Proponent 2
1.2.1 Identification of the project 2
1.2.2 Project Proponent 3
1.3 Brief Description 3
1.3.1 Nature of the Project 3
1.3.2 Size of the Project 3
1.3.3 Location of the Project 3
1.3.4 Importance of the Project to the Country, Region 7
1.4 Scope of the study 7
1.4.1 Methodology 8
CHAPTER 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 Type of the Project 9
2.2 Need for the Project 9
2.3 Location of the Project 9
2.4 Size or Magnitude of Operation 15
2.4.1 Proposed Product Details 15
2.4.2 Raw Materials 15
2.4.3 Land 15
2.4.4 Water Requirement 16
2.4.5 Power Requirement 17
2.4.6 Manpower Requirement 17
2.5 Proposed Schedule or Approval & Implementation 17
2.6 Technology & Process Description 17
2.7 Description of Mitigation Measures 20
2.8 Air Pollution Control Systems 20
CHAPTER 3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
3.1.1 Study Area 21
3.1.2 Study Period 21
3.1.3 Components of Study 21
3.1.4 Methodology 22
3.2 Environmental Baseline Data 23
3.3 Meteorology 24
3.3.1 Climate 24
3.3.2 Temperature 24
3.3.3 Rainfall 25
3.3.4 Micro Meteorology at Site 26
3.4 Ambient Air Quality 27
3.5 Water Environment 32
3.6 Noise Environment 37
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3.7 Soil Environment 39
3.8 Physiography 42
3.8.1 Geology 42
3.8.2 Drainage 43
3.8.3 Geomorphology and Soil 44
3.8.4 Hydrogeology 47
3.8.5 Ground Water Resources 52
3.8.6 Ground Water Development 52
3.8.7 Water Conservation and Artificial Recharge 54
3.9 Land Environment 56
3.9.1 List of Industries within 10km radius of project site 58
3.10 Biological Environment 62
3.11 Socioeconomic Environment 67
3.11.1 Introduction 67
3.11.2 Population 68
3.11.3 Religion wise distribution of population 69
3.11.4 Growth of Population 71
3.11.5 Sex Ratio 72
3.11.6 Literacy 72
3.11.7 Economic/Industrial Base 73
3.11.8 Socio-Economic Survey 74
3.11.9 Methodology applied for section of sample & data
collection
74
3.12 Traffic Study 76
3.13 Slag Analysis 78
CHAPTER 4.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIROMENTAL IMPACTS &
MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 General 79
4.2 Construction Phase Impacts 79
4.2.1 Air Environment 80
4.2.2 Water Environment 81
4.2.3 Noise Environment 81
4.2.4 Land Environment 81
4.2.5 Demography & Socio Economic Pattern 83
4.2.6 Ecological Environment 83
4.3 Operational Phase- Long Term 84
4.4 Occupational Safety & Health 90
4.4.1 General Safety Measures 90
4.4.2 General Health Measures 90
4.4.3 Occupational Health Monitoring: 91
4.4.4 Occupational Audit, Frequency, Review and Corrective
action
92
4.4.5 Corrective Measures 92
4.5 Impacts on Biological Environment 92
CHAPTER 5.0 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
5.1 Analysis of Alternatives for location of proposed
expansion
94
5.2 Analysis of Alternative For Technology Selection 94
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5.3 Conclusion and Recommendation 95
5.4 Green Belt Development and Selection of Plant 95
CHAPTER - 6.0 ENVIROMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
6.0 Prelude 96
6.1 Environment Monitoring Program 96
6.2 Objective of Monitoring Plan 96
6.3 Schedules for Environment Monitoring 96
6.4 Environmental Monitoring during Construction Phase 97
6.5 Environmental Monitoring during Operation Phase 98
6.5.1 Plantation 99
6.5.2 Budget allocation for Monitoring 99
CHAPTER-7.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.0 Preamble 100
7.1 Public Consultation 100
7.2 Risk Assessment 100
7.3.1 Social Impact Assessment 115
7.3.2 Rehabilitation & Resettlement Plan 116
CHAPTER 8.0 PROJECT BENEFITS
8.1 Introduction 117
8.2 Employment Potential 117
8.2.1 Direct Employment 117
8.2.2 Indirect Employment 117
8.3 Improvement In Infrastructure 118
8.4 Education 118
8.5 Other Tangible Benefits 118
8.6 Corporate Environment Policy 119
8.7 Details of Infrastructure Facility 119
8.8 Corporate Environment Responsibility 119
8.9 Litigation And Pending Cases 119
CHAPTER-9.0 ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
9.1 Estimated Project Cost 120
9.2 Schedule of Project Implementation 120
9.2.1 Implementation Strategy 120
CHAPTER-10.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
10.0 Introduction 121
10.1 Summary of Potential Impacts with Mitigation Measures
during Construction Phase
121
10.1.1 Land Environment 121
10.1.2 Air Environment 121
10.1.3 Water Environment 121
10.1.4 Noise Environment 122
10.1.5 Solid Waste Management 122
10.1.6 Sanitation, Welfare and Safety Measures of Construction
Workers
122
10.2 Summary of Potential Impacts with Mitigation Measures
during Operational Phase
122
10.2.1 Air Environment 122
10.2.2 Water Environment 123
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10.2.3 Noise Environment 123
10.2.4 Solid Waste Management 123
10.2.5 Occupational Health & Safety 124
10.3 Structure and Administrative Responsibilities of
Environment Management Cell (EMC)
126
CHAPTER-11.0 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
11.1 Project Name and location 129
11.2 Products and capacities 129
11.3.1 Land Area 129
11.3.2 Raw Materials 129
11.3.3 Water Requirement 130
11.3.4 Power Requirement 130
11.3.5 Manpower Requirement 130
11.4 Process Description 130
11.5 Description of Mitigation Measures 132
11.6 Cost Details 132
11.7 Site Details 132
11.8 Baseline Environmental Data and their impacts 132
11.8.1 Ambient Air Quality 133
11.8.2 Water Quality 133
11.8.3 Noise Environment 133
11.8.4 Soil Quality 133
11.8.5 Ecological Environment 133
11.8.6 Sensitive Ecosystem 134
11.8.7 Socioeconomic Condition 134
11.9 Possible Hazards & Risks from Cement grinding unit 134
11.10 Emergency Plan 135
11.11 CER Activities (Corporate Environmental Responsibility) 135
11.12 Environment Monitoring Plan 135
CHAPTER-12.0 DISCLOSURE OF THE CONSULTANT ENGAGED
12.1 Organizational Profile 136
12.2 Scope of Services 136
LIST OF TABLES
Table
No.
Particulars Page No.
CHAPTER 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 Salient Features of the Project 14
2.2 Land breakup 15
CHAPTER 3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
3.1 Primary Data 23
3.2 Maximum and Minimum Temperature at District-Sirmour-2010 25
3.3 Average Annual Rainfall for Three Years (In mm) 26
3.4 Ambient air Monitoring Stations 28
3.5 Ambient Air Quality Abstract 31
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3.6 Surface Water Sampling Stations 34
3.7 Details of Ground Water Monitoring Stations 34
3.8 Results of surface Water Sample (Markanda river) 35
3.9 Results of Ground Water Samples 36
3.10 Noise Monitoring Stations 38
3.11 Noise Level Results Leq dB (A) in and Around Project Area 38
3.12 Noise Standards (Source-CPCB) 39
3.13 Detail list of Soil Quality Monitoring Stations 40
3.14 Result of Soil Samples (% W/W except pH) 41
3.15 Land Use/Land Cover Area Statistics 57
3.16 Aspect to be covered in the study Area 62
3.17 Summary of Data Collected from various sources 63
3.18 Results of floral study 64
3.19 Results of Faunal Study 66
3.20 Slag Analysis 78
CHAPTER 4.0 ANTICIPATED ENVIONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION
MEASURES
4.1 Input data for Air Quality Modeling 87
4.2 Predicted 24 hourly short terms Maximum Incremental
Concentrations
87
CHAPTER - 6.0 ENVIROMENT MONITORING PROGRAM
6.1 Environmental Monitoring Program for Construction Phase 98
6.2 Environmental Monitoring Program For Operation Phase 98
CHAPTER-7.0 ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.1 Possible Risk 105
7.2 List of Key Person 113
7.3 List of Key persons of offsite EP 115
CHAPTER-10.0 ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
10.1 EMP Budget 127
CHAPTER-11.0 SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
11.1 Raw Material Detail 129
11.2 Water requirement 130
11.3 Power Requirement 130
11.4 Possible Risk 134
LIST OF FIGURES
Fig no. Particulars Page No.
CHAPTER 1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Location Map (From India Map to Local Map) 4
1.2 General Location Map 5
1.3 Map showing Study Area and Project Site 6
CHAPTER 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 Location of the Project in Google Image 10
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2.2 Layout Plan 11
2.3 Master Plan 12
2.4 Site Photographs 13
2.5 Water Balance Diagram 16
2.6 Flow chart of manufacturing process 18
2.7 Material Balance Flow Chart 19
CHAPTER 3.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
3.1 Wind Rose Diagram for Study Period 27
3.2 Locations of Air, Soil and Noise Sampling 30
3.3 Locations of Surface water and Ground water 33
3.4 Drainage Map of the Study Area 45
3.5 Physiography and drainage of district Sirmaur 46
3.6 Hydrogeology of district Sirmour 48
3.7 Depth to Water Level – Pre-Monsoon 50
3.8 Depth to Water Level – Post-Monsoon 51
3.9 Ground Water Map- District Sirmaur 53
3.10 Typical Rain Water Harvesting Pit Design 55
3.11 Flowchart showing the methodology adopted for land use/land
cover mapping 57
3.12 10 Km radius False Color Composite Satellite Map 59
3.13 Chart showing the distribution of land use/ land cover in the
study area 60
3.14 Land Use / Land Cover Map of Study Area (10 Km Buffer) 61
3.15 Religion Wise population 2011- Nahan 70
3.16 Caste wise distribution of Population 2011-Nahan 70
3.17 Growth of Population 2001-2011- Nahan 71
LIST OF ANNEXURES
S.No. Particulars Page
No.
I Detection Limit For Drinking Water, Surface Water & Soil 137
II Land Permission 138
III Land Papers 140
IV Land Document 152
V Memorandum of Association 155
VI Renewal of Consent to Operate of Air and Water 158
VII Renewal Of Consent to Operate of Hazardous Waste 159
VIII Application for NOC 160
IX Copy of Electricity Bill 164
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PROJECT AT A GLANCE
Name of Project M/S Jay Aay Alloys Pvt. Ltd.
Type of Project Steel Manufacturing Unit
Location Trilokpur Road, Kala Amb, Tehsil-Nahan, Distt.-
Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh
Product Steel Ingots/Billets,, Round, Square, TMT Bars, Angle,
Channel, Flats, MS Pipes etc.
Capacity (TPD)
Product & Bye Product Existing (TPA) Additional (TPA) Total(TPA)
Steel Ingot/ Billets 29,400 96,600 1,26,000
Flats, Bars, H.R. Coil,
Patra(TPA)
25,000 95,000 1,20,000
Cost of the Project Existing – Rs 2.8065 Cr
Proposed- Rs 5.00 Cr
Total- Rs 7.8065 Cr
Total Land 4.77 Acres
Power Requirement
Existing 6000 KW
Proposed 9000 KW
Total 15000 KW
Source of power H.P.P.C.L, HP
Source of Water Supply Own Tube- well
Consumption of Water (KLD)
EXISTING PROPOSED TOTAL
Domestic 8 KLD 6 KLD 14.0 KLD
Cooling 24 KLD 39 KLD 63.0 KLD
Total 32 KLD 45 KLD 77.0 KLD
Effluent Quantity Domestic = 11.2KLD
Cooling = Recirculation
Effluent treatment Domestic- through Septic tank and used for plantation
Air Pollution Control Multi Cyclones And Bag Filter
Solid Waste Slag from furnace
Hazardous Solids from APCD to be disposed off at designated TSDF
site. Used oil from DG set is/will be used for lubrification of
machines.
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TOR COMPLIANCE:
Sr.No Particulars Remarks
1 Executive Summary Provided at Chapter-11
2 Introduction
i. Details of the ElA Consultant
including NABET accreditation
CPTL-EIA Division,
(QCI/ NABET Certificate No:
NABET/EIA/1619/SA 057)
ii. Information about the project
proponent
Provided at para 1.2.2 in Chapter 1
iii. Importance and benefits of the project Provided at para 1.3.4 in Chapter 1
3 Project Description
i. Cost of project and time of
completion
Total cost of the project is Rs 7.8065 Crores.
The proposed expansion will be completed
within one year after grant of Environment
Clearance.
ii. Products with capacities for the
proposed project.
The capacity of the Steel Ingots/Billets unit
after expansion will be 1, 26,000 TPA and
about 1,20,000 Round, Square, TMT/MS
Bars, Angle, Channel, Flats, MS Pipes etc
iii. If expansion project, details of
existing products with capacities and
whether adequate land is available for
expansion, reference of earlier EC if
any.
Existing capacity of plant for making Steel
Billets/Ingots@29,400TPA and Round,
Square, TMT/MS Bars, Angle, Channel,
Flats, MS Pipes etc @25,000TPA capacity.
The projects have already 4.77 acres land.
No additional land is required for expansion.
iv. List of raw materials required and
their source along with mode of
transportation.
S.No. Raw
Material
Source Mode of
Transport
1. MS Scrap From
Domestic &
as well as
International
Markets
Mostly by
Road 2. Ferro-
Alloys
v. Other chemicals and materials
required with quantities and storage
capacities.
NA
vi. Details of Emission, effluents,
hazardous waste generation and their
management.
Provided at para 2.7 in Chapter 2
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vii. Requirement of water, power, with
source of supply, status of approval,
water balance diagram, man-power
requirement (regular and contract).
Refer to para 2.4.4 & figure 2.5 for water
requirement and water balance diagram
respectively, refer to para 2.4.5 & 2.4.6 for
power and manpower requirement in Chapter
2
viii. The Project proponent shall furnish
the requisite documents from the
competent authority in support of
drawl of ground water and surface
water and supply of electricity
Copy of application for NOC and Electricity
bill copy is attached as Annexure VIII & IX
respectively.
ix. Process description along with major
equipments and machineries, process
flow sheet (quantitative) from raw
material to products to be provided
Provided at para 2.6 and fig. 2.6 in Chapter
2
x. Hazard identification and details of
proposed safety systems.
Refer to para 7.2 in Chapter 7
xi. Expansion/modernization proposals:
a. Copy of all the Environmental
Clearance(s) including Amendments
thereto obtained for the project from
MoEF&CC/SEIAA shall be attached
as an Annexure. A certified copy of
the latest Monitoring Report of the
Regional Office of the Ministry of
Environment, Forest and Climate
Change as per circular dated 30th
May, 2012 on the status of
compliance of conditions stipulated in
all the existing environmental
clearances including amendments
shall be provided. In addition, status
of compliance of Consent to Operate
for the ongoing/existing operation of
the project from SPCB/PCC shall be
attached with the EIA-EMP report.
The industry is not covered under EIA
notification S.O. 3067 (E) dated 01.12.2009
because the production capacity of the
industry is <30,000 Tons per annum. but
fully complied with all the regulatory
requirements.
Attached as Annexure-VI, VII, & VIII
b. In case of the existing project has not
obtained environmental clearance,
reasons for not taking EC under the
provisions of the EIA Notification
1994 and/or EIA Notification 2006
shall be provided. Copies of consent
to Establish/No objection Certificate
and Consent to Operate (in case of
The unit was established prior to EIA
notification and the production capacity of
the industry is <30,000 per annum , it did not
require EC under the EIA notification
1999,2006.
Renewal of consent to operate are attached as
annexure VI, VII & VIII
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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unit operating prior to EIA
notification 2006, CTE and CTO of
FY-2005-2006) obtained from the
SPCB shall be submitted. Further,
compliance report to the conditions of
consents from the SPCB shall be
submitted.
4 SITE DETAILS
i. Location of the project site covering
village, Taluka / Tehsil, District and
State, Justification for selecting the
site, whether other sites were
considered.
The plant is located at Village-Kala Amb,
Trilokpur road, Tehsil-Nahan, District-
Sirmaur, HP. Justification of existing
location is given in para 1.3.3 of Chapter 3.
Index Map of district Sirmaur is attached as
Figure 2.3 in Chapter 2
ii. A topo sheet of the study area of
radius of 10 km and site location on
1:50,000/1:25,000 scale on an A3/A2
sheet. (Including all eco-sensitive
areas and environmentally sensitive
places)
Refer to Figure 1.3 in Chapter 1
iii. Co-ordinates (lat-long) of all four
corners of the site.
Latitude-30°30'14.59"N, 30°30'16.05"N,
30°30'15.06"N, 30°30'13.31"N
Longitude- 77°12'32.28"E, 77°12'35.59"E,
77°12'38.27"E, 77°12'34.99"E
iv. Google map-Earth downloaded of the
project site
Provided at Figure 2.1 in Chapter 2
v. Layout maps indicating existing unit
as well as proposed unit indicating
storage area, plant area, greenbelt
area, utilities etc. If located within an
Industrial area/Estate/Complex,
layout of Industrial Area indicating
location of unit within the Industrial
area/Estate.
Layout map provided at Figure 2.2 in
Chapter 2
Land description provided at para 2.4.3 and
Table 2.2 in Chapter 2
vi. Photographs of the proposed and
existing (if applicable) plant site. If
existing, show photographs of
plantation/greenbelt, in particular.
Attached as Fig. 2.4 of Chapter 2
vii. Land use break-up of total land of the
project site (identified and acquired),
government/private - agricultural,
forest, wasteland, water bodies,
settlements, etc shall be included. (not
Provided at para 3.9 , table 3.15 of Land Use
in Chapter 3
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required for industrial area)
viii. A list of major industries with name
and type within study area (10 km
radius) shall be incorporated. Land
use details of the study area.
List of major industries is attached at para
3.9.1 of Chapter 3.
Land use detail is provided at Para 3.9 of
Chapter 3
ix. Geological features and Geo-
hydrological status of the study area
shall be included.
Refer to para 3.8.3 and 3.8.4 in Chapter 3
x. Details of Drainage of the project up
to 5km radius of study area. If the site
is within 1 km radius of any major
river, peak and lean season river
discharge as well as flood occurrence
frequency based on peak rainfall data
of the past 30 years. Details of Flood
Level of the project site and
maximum Flood Level of the river
shall also be provided. (mega green
field projects)
Refer to Figure 3.4 for Drainage map & para
3.8.2 for Drainage study in Chapter 3.
No major river /seasonal river is located
within 1 km radius of project. Hence no data
is required.
xi. Status of acquisition of land. If
acquisition is not complete, stage of
the acquisition process and expected
time of complete possession of the
land.
The project is for expansion in the existing
unit having 4.77 acres of land and no more
land is required.
xii. R&R details in respect of land in line
with state Government policy
NA, as no resettlement and rehabilitation is
involved.
5 Forest and wildlife related issues (if applicable):
i. Permission and approval for the use
of forest land (forestry clearance), if
any, and recommendations of the
State Forest Department. (If
applicable).
No Forest land is involved, so it is not
applicable
ii. Land use map based on High
resolution satellite imagery (GPS) of
the proposed site delineating the
forestland (in case of projects
involving forest land more than 40
ha).
The existing land use is available quite
accurately on Google map and has been
verified at site. It is a plain area having mix
land use located in the foot hills.
Location of Google image is attached at Fig.
2.1 and Land use and Land cover map is
attached as Fig. 3.14.
iii. Status of Application submitted for
obtaining the stage I forestry
clearance along with latest status shall
NA as no forest land is involved in the
proposal.
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be submitted
iv. The projects to be located within 10
km of the National Parks,
Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves,
Migratory Corridors of Wild
Animals, the project proponent shall
submit the map duly authenticated by
Chief Wildlife Warden showing these
features vis-a-vis the project location
and the recommendations or
comments of the Chief Wildlife
Warden-thereon
The project is not located within 10 km of
the National Parks, Sanctuaries, Biosphere
Reserves, Migratory Corridors of Wild
Animals.
v. Wildlife Conservation Plan duly
authenticated by the Chief Wildlife
Warden of the State Government for
conservation of Schedule I fauna, if
any exists in the study area.
NA, as no such environmental sensitivity is
involved.
vi. Copy of application submitted for
clearance under the Wildlife
(Protection) Act, 1972, to the
Standing Committee of the National
Board for Wildlife.
NA, in view of above (v).
6 ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS
i. Determination of atmospheric
inversion level at the project site and
site specific micro-meteorological
data using temperature, relative
humidity, hourly wind speed and
direction and rainfall.
Provided at para 3.3 of Chapter 3
ii. AAQ data (except monsoon) at 8
locations for PM10, PM2.5, S02, NOX,
CO and other parameters relevant to
the project shall be collected. The
monitoring stations shall be based
CPCB guidelines and take into
account the pre dominant wind
direction, population zone and
sensitive receptors including reserved
forests.
Refer to para 3.4 of Chapter 3
iii. Raw data of all AAQ measurement
for 12 weeks of all stations as per
frequency given in the NAQQM
Notification of Nov. 2009 along with
Provided at para 3.4, table 3.4 & table 3.5 in
Chapter 3
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- min., max., average and 98% values
for each of the AAQ parameters from
data of all AAQ stations should be
provided as an annexure to the EIA
Report.
iv. Surface water quality of nearby River
(60m upstream and downstream) and
other surface drains at eight locations
as per CPCB/MoEF & CC guidelines.
Detail and result of Surface water is provided
at para 3.5 and Table 3.8 respectively of
Chapter 3. Location of surface water is
provided at Table 3.6 of Chapter 3.
v. Whether the site falls near to polluted
stretch of river identified by the ·
CPCB/MoEF & CC.
No, the site does not fall near to polluted
stretch of river identified by the
CPCB/MoEF & CC.
vi. Ground water monitoring at minimum
of 8 locations shall be included.
Ground water monitoring location and results
are provided at Table 3.7 and Table 3.9
respectively.
vii. Noise levels monitoring at 8 locations
within the study area.
Provided at para 3.6, Table 3.10 and Table
3.11 in Chapter 3
viii. Soil Characteristic as per CPCB
guidelines.
Provided at para 3.7 and Table 3.14 in
Chapter 3
ix. Traffic study of the area, type of
vehicles, frequency of vehicles for
transportation of materials, additional
traffic due to proposed project, road
width, parking arrangement etc.
Refer to para 3.12 in Chapter 3
x. Detailed description of flora and
fauna (terrestrial and aquatic) existing
in the study area shall be given with
special reference to rare, endemic and
endangered species. If Schedule-I
fauna are found within the study area,
a Wildlife Conservation Plan shall be
prepared and furnished.
Provided at para 3.10 and Table 3.18 and
Table 3.19 in Chapter 3
xi. Socio-economic status of the study
area.
Refer to para 3.11 in Chapter 3
7 Impact Assessment and
Environment Management Plan
i. Assessment of ground level
concentration of pollutants from the
stack · emission based on site-specific
meteorological features. In case the
project is located on a hilly terrain,
the AQIP Modeling shall be done
using inputs of the specific terrain
Provided at para 4.3 in Chapter 4
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
xxix
characteristics for determining the
potential impacts of the project on the
AAQ. Cumulative impact of all
sources of emissions (including
transportation) on the AAQ of the
area shall be well assessed. Details of
the model used and the input data
used for modeling shall also be
provided. The air quality contours
shall be plotted on a location map
showing the location of project site,
habitation nearby, sensitive receptors,
if any.
ii. Water Quality modeling- in case, if
the effluent is proposed to be
discharged in to the local drain, then
Water Quality Modeling study should
be conducted for the drain water
taking into consideration the upstream
and downstream quality of water of
the drain.
NA
iii. Impact of the transport of the raw
materials and end products on the
surrounding environment shall be
assessed and provided. In this regard,
options for transport of raw materials
and finished products and wastes
(large quantities) by rail or rail-cum
road transport or conveyor-cum-rail
transport shall be examined
Traffic study is provided at para 3.12
iv. A note on treatment of wastewater
from different plant operations, extent
recycled and reused for different
purposes shall be included. Complete
scheme of effluent treatment.
Characteristics of untreated and
treated effluent to meet the prescribed
standards of discharge under E(P)
Rules.
No waste water is generated from the
industrial operations. Cooling water required
is recycled and only make up water
equivalent to evaporation loss and blow
down is added.
v. Details of stack emission and action
plan for control of emissions to meet
standards
Provided at para 4.2.1 of Chapter 4
vi. Measures for fugitive emission Fugitive emission from charging and melting
operation in Induction Furnace will be
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
xxx
control collected through side suction hood and
routed to bag filter through spark arrestor.
The green belt and regular sprinkling of
water at raw material handling yard helps to
control the fugitive dust.
vii. Details of hazardous waste generation
and their storage, utilization and
disposal. Copies of MOU regarding
utilization of solid and hazardous
waste shall also be included. EMP
shall include the concept of waste-
minimization, recycle/reuse/recover
techniques, Energy conservation, and
natural resource conservation.
Provided at Chapter 7
viii. Proper utilization of fly ash shall be
ensured as per Fly Ash Notification,
2009. A detailed plan of action shall
be provided.
NA as no fossil fuel will be used during the
process operation.
ix. Action plan for the green belt
development plan in 33 % area i.e.
land with not less than 1,500 trees per
ha. Giving details of species, width of
plantation, planning schedule etc.
Shall be included. The green belt
shall be around the project boundary
and a scheme for greening of the
roads used for the project shall also
be incorporated.
Out of the total plant area approx. 10% land
is already developed as green belt. After
expansion about 33% of total land will be
developed as green belt.
Action plan for green belt development and
selection plants is given in para 5.4 of
Chapter 5.
x. Action plan for rainwater harvesting
measures at plant site shall be
submitted to harvest rainwater from
the roof tops and storm water drains
to recharge the ground water and also
to use for the various activities at the
project site to conserve fresh water
and reduce the water requirement
from other sources.
Ground water management strategy along
with draft scheme of RWH is provided at
Para 3.9 and Fig. 3.10 of Chapter 3
xi. Total capital cost and recurring
cost/annum for environmental
pollution control measures shall be
included.
Total Capital cost is Rs. 90.0 Lakh and
Recurring cost is Rs 20 Lakh for
environmental pollution control measures
shall be included.
xii. Action plan for post-project
environmental monitoring shall be
submitted
Noted and agreed for compliance.
Details of Environmental monitoring is
provided at para 6.4 of Chapter 6.
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xiii. Onsite and Offsite Disaster (natural
and Man-made) Preparedness and
Emergency Management Plan
including Risk Assessment and
damage control. Disaster management
plan should be linked with District
Disaster Management Plan.
Refer to para 7.2 in Chapter 7
Complied
8 Occupational health
i. Details of existing Occupational &
Safety Hazards. What are the
exposure levels of above mentioned
hazards and whether they are within
Permissible Exposure level (PEL). If
these are not within PEL, what
measures the company has adopted to
keep them within PEL so that health
of the workers can be preserved,
Provided at para 4.4 in Chapter 4
ii. Details of exposure specific health
status evaluation of worker. If the
workers' health is being evaluated by
pre designed format, chest x rays,
Audiometry, Spirometry, Vision
testing (Far & Near vision, colour
vision and any other ocular defect)
ECG, during pre placement and
periodical examinations give the
details of the same. Details regarding
last month analyzed data of above
mentioned parameters as per age, sex,
duration of exposure and department
wise.
Detail provided at para 4.4.3 in Chapter 4
iii. Annual report of health status of
workers with special reference to
Occupational Health and Safety.
Will be provided with Final EIA report
iv. Plan and fund allocation to ensure the
occupational health & safety of all
contract and casual workers.
10 Lakh is allocated for this purpose. Details
are provided at para 10.2.5 of Chapter 10
9 Corporate Environment Policy
i
Does the company have a well laid
down Environment Policy approved
by its Board of Directors? If so, it
may be detailed in the EIA report.
Detail provided in Chapter 10
ii Does the Environment Policy Detail provided in Chapter 10
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
xxxii
prescribe for standard operating
process / procedures to bring into
focus any infringement / deviation /
violation of the environmental or
forest norms / conditions? If so, it
may be detailed in the EIA.
iii What is the hierarchical system or
Administrative order of the company
to deal with the environmental issues
and for ensuring compliance with the
environmental clearance conditions?
Details of this system may be given.
Detail provided at para 10.3 of Chapter 10
iv Does the company have system of
reporting of non-compliances /
violations of environmental norms to
the Board of Directors of the
company and / or shareholders or
stakeholders at large? This reporting
mechanism shall be detailed in the
EIA report.
Detail provided in Chapter 10
10 Details regarding infrastructure
facilities such as sanitation, fuel,
restroom etc. to be provided to the
labour force during construction as
well as to the casual workers
including truck drivers during
operation phase.
Construction workers and vehicles drivers
will be provided with drinking water, canteen
and toilet/washroom facility. Rest room
facility for truck drivers will be provided
11 Corporate Environment
Responsibility (CER)
i. i. To address the Public Hearing issues,
an amount as specified under
Ministry’s Office Memorandum vide
F.No. 22-65/2017-IA.III dated 1st May
2018 amounting to Rs ------crores,
shall be earmarked by the project
proponent, towards Corporate
Environment Responsibility (CER).
District CER projects shall be carved
out based on the local public hearing
issues. Project estimate shall be
prepared based on PWD schedule of
rates for each distinct Item and
schedule for time bound action plan
Rs. 4.0 Lakh is allocated for CER activity.
Activities will be undertaken on the basis of
public consultation and provision of
MoEFCC OM dated 1st May 2018.
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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shall be prepared. These CER projects
as indicated by the project proponent
shall be implemented along with the
main project. Implementation of such
program shall be ensured by
constituting a Committee comprising
of the project proponent,
representative of village Panchayat &
District administration. Action taken
report in this regard shall be submitted
to the Ministry’s Regional Office. No
free distribution /donation and or free
camps shall be included in the above
CER budget.
12 Any litigation pending against the
project and/or any direction/order
passed by any Court of Law against
the project, if so, details thereof
shall also be included. Has the unit
received any notice under the
Section 5 of Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986 or relevant
Sections of Air and Water Acts? If
so, details thereof and
compliance/ATR to the notice(s)
and present status of the case.
No litigation pending
13 A tabular chart with index for
point wise compliance of above
TORs.
Complied.
14 The ToRs prescribed shall be valid
for a period of three years for
submission of EIA-EMP reports
along with Public Hearing
Proceedings (wherever stipulated).
Noted
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ADDITIONAL ToRs:
S.No. Particulars Remarks
1. Iron ore/coal linkage documents along with the
status of environmental clearance of iron ore
and coal mines
NA as no fossil fuel will be used
2. Quantum of production of coal and iron ore
mines and the projects they cater to. Mode of
transportation to the plant and its impact.
NA
3. For large ISPs, a 3-D view i.e. DEM (Digital
Elevation Mode ) for the area in 10km radius
from the proposal site. MRL details of project
site and RL of nearby sources of water shall be
indicated.
Since the project area is small and
situated within the foothills, no
change in drainage and as no river
/seasonal river is there; hence
DEM may not be stressed.
4. Recent land use map based on satellite imagery.
High resolution satellite image data having 1m-
5m spatial resolution like quickbird, Ikonos,
IRS P-6 pan sharpened etc. for the 10km radius
area from proposed site. The same shall be used
for land-use/land-cover mapping of the area.
Land use/Land cover map is
attached as Fig. 3.14
5. PM(PM10 and PM2.5) present in the ambient air
must be analyzed for source analysis- natural
dust /RSPM generated from plant operations
(trace elements) of PM10 to be carried over.
Ambient air quality abstract is
attached as Table 3.5 of Chapter 3.
6. All stock piles will have to be on top of a stable
liner to avoid leaching of materials to ground
water.
Raw material is stored in covered
shed.
7. Plan for the implementation of the
recommendations made for the steel plants in
the CREP guidelines.
Already implemented
8. Plan for slag utilization Around 10 ton of slag will be
generated daily which will be used
in road making, concrete blocks
and filling low lying area.
9. Plan for utilization of energy in off gases (coke
oven, blast furnace).
NA
10. System of coke quenching adopted with NA
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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justification.
11. Trace metals, Mercury, arsenic and fluoride
emissions in the raw material.
NA
12. Trace metals in waste material especially slag. Slag Analysis is provided at para
3.20 of Chapter 3.
13. Trace metals in water. Surface water and ground water
report is provided at Table 3.8 and
3.8.
14. Details of proposed layout clearly demarcating
various unit within the plant.
Provided at Fig. 2.2 of Chapter 2.
15. Complete process flow diagram describing each
unit, its processes and operations, along with
material and energy inputs and outputs(material
and energy balance).
Technology and process
description, flow chart and
material balance flow chart is
provided at para 2.6 and fig.2.6
and fig. 2.7 of Chapter 2
respectively.
16. Details on design and manufacturing process of
all the units.
Provided at para 2.6 and fig. 2.6 of
Chapter 2.
17. Details on environmentally sound technologies
for recycling of hazardous materials, as per
CPCB guidelines, may be mentioned in case of
handling scrap and other recycled materials.
No hazardous material is recycled
in the process. The hazardous
waste in the form of APCD dust is
being sent to TSDF site.
Hazardous waste i.e. used oil from
DG set is being used as lubricant
within the premises.
18. Details on requirement of energy and water
along with its source and authorization from the
concerned departments. Location of water
material and its composition and end use
(particularly of slag).
Water and energy requirement is
provided at para 2.4.4 and 2.4.5 of
Chapter 2.
19. Details on toxic metal content in the waste
material and its composition and end use
(particularly of slag).
Slag has not been characterized as
HW by CPCB, hence no toxicity.
20. Details on toxic content (TCLP), composition
and end use of slag.
Slag Analysis is provided at para
3.20 of Chapter 3.
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DRAFT ENVIRONMENT IMPACT
ASSESSMENT REPORT
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CHAPTER 1.0
INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT
M/s Jay Aay Alloys Pvt. Ltd. is already manufacturing Steel Ingots/ Billets at Kala Amb,
Trilokpur Road, Tehsil- Nahan, District Sirmaur, Himachal Pradesh. It is proposed to
enhance the capacity of their unit by replacing the existing furnace of 7 TPH with 2 no’s of
Induction furnaces of capacity 15 TPH each and also increase the capacity of existing Rolling
Mill. After expansion the capacity of Steel Ingots/Billets will be 1,26,000TPA and Round,
Square, TMT/MS Bars, Angle, Channel, Flats, MS Pipes etc will be 1,20,000TPA. The raw
material will be MS Scrap & Ferro Alloys.
The unit falls in Category B-1 as per amendment dated 24.12.2013 to EIA notification, 2006
but as the project site falls within 5 km radius of the inter-state boundary of Haryana, as such
the project is to be treated as Category ‘A’ and thus the environmental clearance will be
accorded by the Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change, GOI, New Delhi. TOR
were issued vide reference number “F.No. IA-J-11011/153/2018-IA.II(I)” on dated
21/06/2018 for the preparation of EIA report. As public consultation is to be conducted for
the proposed project; this draft EIA-EMP has therefore been prepared.
1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT
1.2.1 Identification of the Project
M/s Jay Aay Alloys is engaged in the manufacturing of Steel Ingots/Billets at Kala Amb,
Trilokpur Road, Tehsil-Nahan, District-Sirmaur, Himachal Pradesh. . It is proposed to
enhance the capacity of their unit by replacing the existing furnace of 7 TPH with 2 no’s of
Induction furnaces of capacity 15 TPH each and also increase the capacity of existing Rolling
Mill in the existing premises measuring 4.77acres. In the schedule of principle notification
2006, the project category is B under activity 3(a). However, the project site falls within 5 km
radius of the inter-state boundary of Haryana, as such the project is to be treated as Category
‘A’ and thus the environmental clearance is to be accorded by the Ministry of Environment
Forest and Climate Change, GOI, New Delhi. Total Project cost after expansion will be Rs.
7.8065 Cr.
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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1.2.2 Project Proponent
Presently there are 03 partners running the existing business as well as for proposed plant.
They have rich experience in steel related business. Details of partners are as under:-
1. Sh. Ashok Kumar
2. Sh. Gaurav Gupta
3. Sh. Amrish Gupta
1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION
1.3.1 Nature of the project
Metals can be broadly classified into two categories, ‘ferrous’ and ‘non-ferrous’ metals based
on characteristics and quality of metal. The metallurgical processes of ferrous and non-
ferrous metals can be broadly divided into primary and secondary based on the raw materials
and the method of processing.
M/s Jay Aay Alloys Pvt. Ltd. is a non toxic, secondary metallurgical process based industry.
The raw material (MS Scrap and Ferro Alloys) are processed through conventional I.F route.
1.3.2 Size of the project
M/s Jay Aay Alloys Pvt. Ltd. is an existing unit located at Trilokpur Road, Kala Amb, Tehsil-
Nahan, District-Sirmaur,HP. It is proposed to increase the capacity by replacing the existing
Induction Furnace with two no. of induction furnace of higher capacity leading to total
capacity of steel billets and ingots to 1,26,000 TPA and increased capacity of structural steel
to 1,20,000 TPA. The total raw material iron, scrap and additives will be 1,39,860 TPA for
Billets. Ingots and 1,20,000 TPA of Billets/Ingots for Rolling mill. Balance Billets/Ingots will
be sold in the market. Water requirement will be met by existing bore well and additional
power made available by HPPCL. The unit will operate for 350 days in a year and a total of
60 workers will be employed.
1.3.3 Location of the project
M/s Jay Aay Alloys Pvt. Ltd., located at Trilokpur Road, Kala Amb, Tehsil – Nahan, Distt-
Sirmaur, Himachal Pradesh is having its global coordinates as Latitude 30°30'14.59"N,
30°30'16.05"N, 30°30'15.06"N, 30°30'13.31"N & Longitude 77°12'32.28"E, 77°12'35.59"E,
77°12'38.27"E, 77°12'34.99"E. Nahan is the nearest city and Ambala Cant Jn is the nearest
railway station. Nearest airport is Chandigarh which is approx. 45 km from site. No National
Part, Wildlife Protected area and Bird Sanctuary exist within 5km radius of the project site.
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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Protected Forest and Reserved Forest such as Salehpur Protected forest, Shishamwala
Reserved Forest, Madpa Reserved Forest, Kala Amb Reserved Forest, Lala Devi Reserved
Forest, Trilokpur Reserved Forest etc. exist within 10 km radius of the project site. Markanda
river is approx. 1.5 km from the project site. Location map is provided at Fig 1.1 and Map
showing study area at Fig 1.2 and project site is provided as Fig 1.3.
Fig 1.1. Location Map (From Indian Map to Local Map)
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Fig 1.2 General Location map
PROJECT
SITE
NAHAN
NH-72
SADHURA
KALA AMB
TRILOKPUR
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Fig 1.3 Map showing Study Area and Project Site
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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1.3.4 Importance of the Project to the Country, Region
India was the world’s third-largest steel producer in 2016. The growth in the Indian steel
sector has been driven by domestic availability of raw materials such as iron ore and cost-
effective labor. Consequently, the steel sector has been a major contributor to India’s
manufacturing output. India’s crude steel output grew 10.7 per cent year-on-year to 25.76
million tons (MT) during January-March 2017. India’s crude steel output during April 2017
grew by 5.4 per cent year-on-year to 8.107 MT. India’s finished steel exports rose 102.1 per
cent to 8.24 MT, while imports fell by 36.6 per cent to 7.42 MT in 2016-17. India’s steel
exports rose 142 per cent in April 2017 to 747,000 tons over April 2016, while imports fell
by 23 per cent to 504,000 tons in April 2017 over April 2016. Total consumption of finished
steel grew by 3.4 per cent year-on-year at 6.015 MT during April 2017 (Source: Indian
Brand Equity Foundation).
M/s Jay Aay Alloys (P) Ltd. has always believed in giving back to society and has
contributed significantly in developing nearby areas by building infrastructure, schools, and
medical facilities for its workers, creating jobs etc. The Industry will continue to serve as
stimulus to national development and economy boaster to industrial development of the
country. The promoters have always been committed to bringing around a major change in
the society through its quality products and by implementing global best practices, adopting
efficient technologies, developing R&D and promoting CER activities.
1.4 Scope of the study
This study contains information on the Environmental factors viz-a-viz contribution of
pollution by the proposed unit. These factors include air, water, noise, health, socio
economic, land use and agricultural pattern etc. It discusses the predicted impact of the
proposed plant activities on these factors. Broadly under the scope it is envisaged:
➢ To assess the present status of air, water, land, noise, biological & socio
economic components of environment.
➢ To identify, quantify & evaluate positive or negative impacts of various
operations on different environmental components.
➢ To evaluate proposed pollution control measures and to suggest additional
control strategies, if any, to mitigate the adverse impacts.
➢ To identify risk factors & suggest their mitigation including occupational health
of the workers.
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
8
➢ To prepare Environmental Management Plan for utilization and adoption of
safety measures.
➢ To delineate future Environmental quality monitoring programme.
➢ To identify the needs of the study area and suggest supportive measures under
Corporate Social Responsibility.
1.4.1 Methodology
Various steps involved in Environmental Impact Assessment study of the
proposed project are divided into the following phases:
➢ Identification of significant environmental parameters and to study the existing status
within the impact zone with respect to air, water, noise, soil and socio economic
components of the environment.
➢ Study of various activities of the proposed project for manufacture of final product
and to identify the areas leading to impact/change in environmental quality.
➢ Identification/prediction of impacts for the identified activities and to study levels of
impacts on various environmental components.
➢ Evaluation of final levels of various parameters after superimposing the predicted
impacts over the baseline quality.
➢ Formulation of Environmental management plan for implementation in the proposed
project.
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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CHAPTER 2.0
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 TYPE OF PROJECT
The Proposed Project i.e. M/s Jay Aay Alloys is a Secondary Metallurgical Process based
industry. Secondary metallurgical processes are the production processes that start with the
output of the ore reduction process, scrap, salvage and ingots as input to the industry and its
products are semi-finished products and finished products. It includes the melting, giving the
aimed shape to the final output, through forming, pouring liquid metal and alloys to the
mould cavity and forging.
The proposed project activity is listed at S. No. 3(a), under category ‘B-1’ as per OM dated
24 December 2013, which stipulates that all non-toxic secondary metallurgical processing
industries in the Schedule & categorized as B and not located within notified industrial state
are to be appraised as category B-1. However, the project site falls within 5 km radius of the
inter-state boundary of Haryana, as such the project is to be treated as Category ‘A’ and thus
the environmental clearance will be given by the Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate
Change, GOI, New Delhi.
2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT
Metals constitute a key input to other manufacturing sectors like engineering, electrical and
electronics, automobile and automobile components, packaging and infrastructure. The
performance of the metal sectors hence a reflection of the overall economy. The outlook for
the metal sector in India is bright. Sustained growth is expected across all key segments,
aided by several factors, such as growing domestic demand, investment in capacity addition,
increasing supply deficit in other countries and favorable government regulations. In order to
cater to growing need of steel in this competitive scenario M/s Jay Aay Alloys Pvt. Ltd. has
identified this opportunity and decided to become a competitive leader in boosting field of
metallurgical sector.
2.3 LOCATION
The plant is located at Trilokpur road, Kala Amb, Tehsil-Nahan, Distt.-Sirmaur, Himachal
Pradesh. No ecologically sensitive area, National Park & Bird Sanctuary are found with-in 5
km radius of the project site. Protected Forest and Reserved Forest such as Salehpur
Protected Forest, Shishamwala Reserved Forest, Madpa Reserved Forest, Kala Amb
Reserved Forest, Trilokpur Reserved Forest etc. exist within 10 km radius of the project site.
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Fig 2.1 Location at Google Image
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Fig 2.2 Layout plan of the plant
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Fig 2.3 Index Map of District Sirmaur
PROJECT SITE
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Fig 2.4 Site Photographs
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Table 2.1
Salient Features of the Project
S. No Particulars Details
1 Location
a Village Kala Amb
b District Sirmaur
c State Himachal Pradesh
d Latitude 30°30'14.59"N,30°30'16.05"N,
30°30'15.06" N, 30°30'13.31" N
e Longitude 77°12'32.28"E,77°12'35.59"E,
77°12'38.27"E, 77°12'34.99"E
2 Toposheet No. H43L2, H43L3, H43L6, H43L7
3 Project Area Total Area – 4.77 acres
4 Nearest Ambala-Nahan-Dehradun Highway about 1km
5 Nearest Railhead/Railway Station Ambala Cant Jn. Railway Station is main
railway station 45 KM near from Kala Amb
6 Nearest airport Chandigarh Airport(about 45 km)
7 Nearest major city Nahan
8 Nearest major settlement Kala Amb approx. 1 km
9 Features within 5 km Radius
a Defence installations Nil
b Archaeological important places Nil
c Wild life sanctuaries Nil
d Reserved/Protected Protected Forest and Reserved Forest such as
Salehpur Protected forest, Shishamwala
Reserve Forest, Madpa Reserve Forest, Kala
Amb Reserve Forest, Lala Devi Reserve
Forest, Trilokpur Reserve Forest etc. exist
within 10 km radius of the project site.
e Industries Industrial Land
F Rivers Markanda river approx. 1.5 km
g Hill ranges Nil
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2.4 SIZE OR MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION
2.4.1 Proposed Product Details
It is proposed to enhance the capacity of project by replacing the existing furnace of 7 TPH with 2
no’s of Induction furnaces of capacity 15 TPH each and also increase the capacity of existing
Rolling Mill. The capacity of the Steel Ingots/Billets unit after expansion will be 1, 26, 000 TPA
and about 1,20,000 TPA Round, Square, TMT/MS Bars, Angle, Channel, Flats, MS Pipes etc
After expansion the production details will be as under:
Capacity Existing Additional Total
Steel Ingots/ Billets (TPA) 29,400 96,600 1,26,000
Round, Square, TMT/MS Bars, Angle,
Channel, Flats, MS Pipes etc (TPA)
25,000 95,000 1,20,000
2.4.2 Raw Materials
The raw materials and finished goods will be transported through trucks. There is well developed
road structure on Trilokpur road as well as within premises also. No additional road infrastructure
will be required for transportation. The number of trucks per day for raw material and finished
product transportation will be approx. 9-10 trucks. The raw material source will be standard
manufacturer or supplier. Indicative list along with mode of transportation is included in Table
S. No. Raw Material Source Mode of transport
1. MS Scrap From Domestic & as well as
International Markets
Mostly by Road
2. Ferro-alloys
2.4.3 Land
The total land of 4.77 Acres is available for the existing project and its expansion. No additional
land is required for the proposed expansion. Land breakup detail is given at Table 2.2 and layout is
given in Fig 2.2.
Table 2.2 Land breakup
S. No. Particulars Area
1. Total Area 4.77Acres/ 19303.51 m2
2. Covered Area 7510.03 m2 (39%)
3. Open Area 5422.79 m2 (28%)
4. Area under Green Belt 6370.15 m2 (33%)
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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2.4.4 Water Requirement
Water consumption for the unit will be for making up water for cooling and domestic purpose.
Water requirement will be met through existing tube well. The detail of water requirement is given
below:-
Quantity of Water Required Domestic Cooling Total
Existing (KLD) 8.0 24.0 32.0
Proposed (KLD) 6.0 39.0 45.0
Total (KLD) 14.0 63.0 77.0
Fig 2.5 Water Balance Diagram
87 KLD
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2.4.5 Power Requirement
The Power Requirement will be met by sourcing the power from Himachal Pradesh Power
Corporation Limited, HP from nearby Sub-station. The detail of power requirement existing &
after expansion is given below:-
Source of Electricity Himachal Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (H.P.P.C.L.)
Total Load (KW) Existing Additional Total
6000 9000 15000
2.4.6 Manpower Requirement
There are about 50 persons working in the unit. After expansion about 60 persons will be working
in the unit.
2.5 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION
The proposed expansion will be completed within one year after grant of Environment Clearance.
2.6 TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION
The industry produces ingots from melting MS scrap. All operations are carried out in batch
process. The brief description is as follow.
MS Scrap is put into the induction furnace pot through magnetic conveying system, where it is
heated to 1800 0C. Scrap is melted and is heated for about 100 minutes. In the molten steel some
ferro alloys are added according to the carbon contents in the scrap. The molten steel is then put
into the moulds with MS Scrap is put into the induction furnace pot through magnetic conveying
system, where it is heated to 1800 0C. Scrap is melted and is heated for about 100 minutes. In the
molten steel some ferro alloys are added according to the carbon contents in the scrap. The molten
steel is then put into the moulds with the help of hydraulic system where, after cooling the product
is taken out from the moulds and the same is ready for further use. The schematic flow chart is
given below.
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Fig 2.6: Flow Chart of Manufacturing Process
M.S. SCRAP & ADDITIVES
SPECTRA TEST FOR
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
LIQUID METAL TRANSFER
INTO LADDLE
FORMATION OF BILLETS
VIA CCM
INDUCTION FURNACE
HOT BILLETS TRANSFER
TO MILL FOR SIZING
ROLLING MILL
FINISHING
FINAL PRODUCT
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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FIGURE-2.7
MATERIAL BALANCE FLOW CHART
Operational Steps:
Furnace Loading -The raw material (Steel scrap crushed into suitable sizes which can be
accommodated in the furnace) is loaded into the furnace crucible, to the brim, with the furnace set
on.
Heating/Melting - The loaded pieces are heated to melting (temperature of about 1600°C) and
steel scrap is loaded incrementally till the furnace crucible is completely filled (up to its rated
capacity) with molten volume.
Slag Removal - The impurities present in the molten content, being light, gets collected as slag at
the top and requires regular removal from the top of the molten volume.
Alloying -Calculated quantities of carbon, manganese, silica, etc. are added to the molten metal,
for alloying, to obtain the steel of desired grade/characteristics.
Molding- The molten steel is put into moulds with the help of hydraulic system.
RAW MATERIAL
400TPD
BILLETS/ INGOTS
(360 TPD)
MELTING & REFINING
PROCESS
(400TPD)
BURNING LOSSES
(20 TPD)
SLAG
(10 TPD)
APCD DUST
(0.003TPD)
CONCAST MACHINE
(364 TPD)
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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Cooling -The material in the mould is allowed to cool, wherein ingots are formed and ready for
further use.
2.7 DESCRIPTION OF MITIGATION MEASURES
The purpose of mitigation measures is to avoid, reduce or minimize unwanted impacts on the
environment. To minimize & control the emission from I.F, the exhaust is passed through spark
arrestor, multi cyclone and finally bag filters before its discharge to atmosphere. DG set is fitted
with a canopy and adequate stack to take care of noise and particulate & gaseous emission. 10 TPD
of Slag generated after expansion will be used for filling low lying areas and road making. Solids
from APCD shall be disposed off to TSDF site and used oil from of DG sets is/will be used for
lubrification of machines. Treated waste water from STP will be used for plantation within the
industrial premises. The industry is regularly operating and maintaining its APCD and ensuring
that the emissions are adequately collected and concentration of air pollutants in its emissions
conforms to the emission standards laid down by the board.
2.8 AIR POLLUTION CONTROL SYSTEM (APCS)
The air pollution control system comprises of:
1. Suction Hood: It is a movable hood of capacity sufficient to take care of total volume of
gases and particulate generated from furnace operations.
2. Spark Arrestor: It is a two stage system to remove large and medium size dust particles
and live red hot sparks. The collected particles are discharged at bottom. The separation is
effected through impingement.
3. Bag House: Bag house fitted with pulse jet received fine particles and the clean gas is
discharged through blower.
4. Ducting: It is the system for reducing the temperature of gaseous and their subsequent
suction.
5. ID-Fan : Provided to create negative pressure for efficient suction of gases.
6. Stack: A chimney of adequate height to discharge the dust from flue gas to the
atmosphere.
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CHAPTER 3.0
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
3.1.1 Study area
As a precursor for the prediction of various types of environmental impacts likely to arise due to
implementation of the project, it is essential to establish the baseline environmental setting of the
physical, natural and socio-cultural environmental parameters along the project and within the
project influence area. Details of the baseline environmental parameters are required for decision
making for the project design, implementation and operation from the environmental point of
views. The data is to be generated through primary data collection (direct monitoring) and
secondary sources (published data).
This chapter incorporates the description of existing environmental status in an area encompassed
within 10 km radius around the proposed expansion of existing steel manufacturing unit.
3.1.2 Study Period
The environmental monitoring for the proposed steel manufacturing unit has been conducted.
Initially, a reconnaissance survey of the study area was carried out and then field monitoring for
measuring meteorological parameters, ambient air quality, water quality, soil quality and noise
levels was carried out from March to May 2018. In addition, certain aspects like land area, socio-
economic status, past meteorological conditions, etc., have been analyzed based on secondary
information available from sources like district census reports, district gazetteers, Indian
meteorological department, etc. The baseline status of various environmental components is
described in the succeeding sections.
3.1.3 Components of Study
This chapter contains information on existing environmental scenario for the following parameters.
1. Land Environment
2. Meteorology
3. Air Environment
4. Noise Environment
5. Water Environment
6. Soil Environment
7. Biological Environment
8. Socio-economic Environment
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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3.1.4 Methodology
For the present study, all the sampling locations are marked with the help of Google maps and site
visits. The land use/ land cover map has been generated on 1:50,000 scale using Satellite imagery
and ground truth information. The baseline environmental quality has been assessed during March
to May, 2018. Samples of Air, Water, Noise and Soil from the site and nearby areas have been
collected and analyzed for the study of existing condition. The baseline data is generated through
field study within the impact zone for various components of the environment viz. Air, Noise,
Water, Land, Ecology and Socio-economic. While generating the baseline status of physical and
biological environment of the study area, the concept of impact zone has been considered. The
impact zone selection is based on preliminary screening and modeling studies. The methodologies
for various environmental facets are as follows:
I. Ambient Air Quality:
The ambient air quality monitoring was done to assess the ambient air quality in one season. The
guidelines for selections of ambient air monitoring stations and analysis of air pollutants as given
in IS – 5182 part 14, 2000 (Guidelines for planning the sampling of atmosphere) and ‘Guidelines
for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring’ by CPCB respectively were followed.
II. Water Quality:
To assess the water quality of the proposed area, sampling was done as per the standard practice.
Grab sampling was done for ground and surface water. Water samples were analyzed as per the
Standard Methods (IS 10500: 2012 & APHA, 23rd Edition). Necessary precautions were taken for
preservation of samples. The physical parameters viz. pH, temperature and conductivity were
measured at site.
III. Ambient Noise Quality:
At each station noise level was monitored for day and night once in a season as per IS 9989:1981.
IV. Soil Quality:
For soil, augur method was used and samples were collected at 15-25 cm depth after removing the
upper crust.
V. Land Use:
The land use/ land cover map has been generated on 1:50,000 scale using Satellite imagery and
ground truth information.
VI. Biological Environment:
Primary and secondary data collection has been done by the Ecology and Biodiversity expert/ team
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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for the study of flora and fauna in the core and buffer zone.
VII. Socio Economic Environment:
For demography and socioeconomics, block wise data has been collected and used for the
assessment of impacts.
VIII. Micro-Meteorological Data:
Meteorological data of project site has been used for the study. The important parameters
considered are temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction and rainfall.
3.2 ENVIRONMENTAL BASELINE DATA COLLECTION
Baseline data for the proposed plant has been collected for pre-monsoon season. Primary data has
been collected by monitoring & surveying of various environmental components/ parameters, as
per detail given in Table - 3.1.
Table-3.1
Primary Data
S. NO. PARAMETERS DESCRIPTION
1 Meteorology Meteorological parameters on hourly basis at project site.
Parameters: Temperature, Relative humidity, Wind Speed &
Wind Direction.
2 Air Ambient air quality monitoring (24 hourly), twice a week.
Parameters are PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO2 & CO.
No. of Locations: 8 locations in core and buffer zone.
3 Noise Noise level monitoring (Day & Night time), once in a season.
No. of Locations: 8 locations in core and buffer zone.
4 Water Ground water sampling, once in a season.
No. of Locations: 8 locations in core and buffer zone.
Tested for physical and chemical parameters.
5 Soil Soil sampling, once in a season.
No. of Locations: 8 locations in core and buffer zone.
6 Biological
Factors
Biodiversity survey, once in a season.
Location: Core and buffer zone.
7 Socio-economic
Environment
Socio-economic survey, once in a season.
Location: Core and buffer zone.
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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3.3 METEOROLOGY
3.3.1Climatic conditions
The district possesses a variety of climate varying according to elevation. Summer months are
extremely and exceedingly hot in Kiardun Valley and water is scarce. The climate of upper
Sirmaur forested region is cool in summer and cold in winters. Maximum part of this region
receive snowfall in winter. In upper area of Cis-Giri region, the climate is cold in winters and mild
in summer while lower areas are hot in summer and cool in winters. This region receive sufficient
rainfall. The project zone have four distinct seasons;
• Winter – December to Mid-March
• Summer – Mid-March to Mid-June
• Monsoon – Mid-June to September
• Post Monsoon – October to November
In order to study the meteorology of the project area, site specific Summer season meteorological
data was collected. Windrose diagram is provided at Fig 3.1.
3.3.2 Temperature
The cold season starts from December to about middle of March. The hot season, which follows,
lasts till mid of the June. Upto middle of the September is monsoon season and October and
November constitutes the post monsoon season.
Table 3.2. Shows maximum and minimum temperature in Celsius at Nahan during the year 2010
from January to December. The maximum temperature of 350C was recorded during summer
month of May, 2010 followed by June (33.70C) and minimum temperature of 7.40C was recorded
during winter month of December, 2010 followed by January (7.60C). During the rest of the
months maximum temperature is almost uniform whereas in minimum temperature there is
variation.
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Table 3.2
Maximum and Minimum Temperature at District-Sirmaur-2010
S.No. Month Maximum Temperature
(0C)
Minimum Temperature
(0C)
1. January 18.4 7.6
2. February 21.3 10.6
3. March 28.7 18.3
4. April 34.5 24.6
5. May 35.0 25.1
6. June 33.7 24.2
7. July 28.4 19.7
8. August 27.3 19.7
9. September 26.6 17.9
10. October 27.4 17.2
11. November 23.7 12.5
12. December 18.6 7.4
Source: Census of India, 2011(District Census Handbook, Sirmaur)
3.3.3 Rainfall
The rainy season usually begins in the middle of June and lasts till the middle of September. A
shower or two are received in April and May. The April and May rains may also bring hailstorms.
The maximum rainfall 1,432.6 mm was received during the year 2008 in the district surpassing the
maximum rainfall record of 1,141 mm of Himachal Pradesh as a whole. The minimum rainfall of
905.9 mm was recorded during 2009 in the district, which almost equals the record of average
rainfall in Himachal Pradesh. During the rest of the years, the rainfall was quite adequate. Table
3.3 depicts average annual rainfall in mm for three years, 2007 to 2009 of the district in
comparison to the State Himachal Pradesh.
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Table 3.3
Average Annual Rainfall for Three Years (In mm)
S.No. Year Himachal
Pradesh
Sirmaur
1 2007 1,000.50 1431.0
2 2008 1,141.0 1,432.60
3 2009 907.9 905.9
Source: Census of India, 2011(District Census Handbook, Sirmaur)
3.3.4 Micro-Meteorology at Site
Meteorological station was set-up at site to record surface meteorological parameter during
Summer Season (March to May, 2018).
Summary of the micro-meteorology at site is given below.
Month Temperature(oC) Relative Humidity (%)
Max. Min. Average Max. Min. Average
March, 2018 33.0 12.0 21.0 96 21 58
April, 2018 36.0 15.0 26.0 98 19 53
May, 2018 40.0 17.0 29.0 91 13 48 Source- Time and date.com
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Fig. 3.1 Wind Rose Diagram for Study Period
3.4 Ambient Air Quality
The ambient air quality monitoring was done to assess the current status of air quality in the study
area. Monitoring was carried out at eight stations for March to May, 2018. The guidelines for
selections of ambient air monitoring stations given in IS – 5182 part 14, 2000 and ‘CPCB
guidelines for air quality monitoring’ were followed. These guidelines state that, “when the
objective of air sampling is to identify the contribution from specific sources of pollution, the
sampling locations should be located in upwind and the downwind direction of such sources”.
The location of air quality monitoring stations should satisfy the following conditions:
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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1. The site should be representative of the area selected;
2. The stations should be selected in a way so as to yield data that can be compared with another;
3. Certain physical requirements should be satisfied at the site.
Methodology
The prime objective of the baseline study with respect to ambient air quality is to establish the
present air quality and its conformity to National Ambient Air Quality Standards. This data has
been further used during impact assessment to predict the final air quality. This section describes
the sampling locations, frequency of sampling and methodology adopted for monitoring ambient
air quality.
To quantify the impact of the project on the ambient air quality the existing ambient air quality, in
terms of Particulate Matter (Size <10µm) or PM10, Particulate Matter (Size <2.5 µm) or PM2.5,
Sulphur-di-oxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (as NO2), and Carbon Monoxide (CO), has been
measured through a planned field monitoring.
Sampling Stations
To select the air sampling locations, meteorological data with respect to temperature, relative
humidity, wind speed and direction plays a vital role. Predominant wind direction plays an
important role in determining location of monitoring stations. The monitoring stations were located
in areas that were upwind & downwind from the source. List of Air & Noise sampling stations are
given in Table 3.4 and Location Air, Soil & Noise Sampling Stations are given in Figure 3.2
Table 3.4
Ambient Air Monitoring Stations
S. No.
Sample Code Name of Village/
Location
Distance & Direction
(KM)
Upwind/
Downwind
1. AA-1 Project Site 0 ---
2. AA-2 Johron 1.4 Km, N Upwind
3. AA-3 Koluwala 5.6 Km, NE Upwind
4. AA-4 Ujjal Mazra 5.4 Km, NW Crosswind
5. AA-5 Kularpur 6.5 Km, W Crosswind
6. AA-6 Udamgarh 3.3 Km, S Downwind
7. AA-7 Thaska 7.2 Km, SE Downwind
8. AA-8 Khadri 6.5 Km, E Crosswind
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Monitoring Schedule:
Ambient air quality monitoring was carried out twice a week with a frequency of 24 hours for 12
weeks.
Methods of Sampling and Analysis:
Fine particulate Sampler APM-550 & RDS APM-460 were used for sampling of Particulate
Matter (PM2.5 and PM10); gaseous pollutants like SO2, and NO2 were collected by Gaseous
Pollutant Sampler APM-433. The analysis was done as per standard methods.
Methodology Adopted for Air Quality Parameters
Parameters Method Technical Protocol
PM2.5 Gravimetric CPCB guidelines
PM10 Gravimetric IS-5182 (P-23)
SO2 West and Gaek IS-5182 (P-2)
NO2 Modified Jacob & Hochheiser IS-5182 (P-6)
CO NDIR Spectroscopy CPCB guidelines
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Fig 3.2 Locations of Air, Soil and Noise Sampling
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Table 3.5
Ambient Air Quality Abstract
Station
Code
Name of
the
Station
Range
/Average
PM2.5
µg/m3
PM10
µg/m3
SO2
µg/m3
NOx
µg/m3
CO
mg/m3
AAQ1 Project Site Range 29.5-45.7 70.6-85.9 8.7-12.9 26.5-39.2 0.44-0.63
Average 38.4 78.53 10.45 32.9 0.51
AAQ2 Johron Range 23.5-36.7 62.1-76.1 8.2-11.8 25.3-35.3 0.45-0.61
Average 31.9 70.27 10.09 29.9 0.51
AAQ3 Koluwala Range 23.8-35.2 56.6-76.4 8.1-11.3 21.4-27.5 0.38-0.48
Average 30.29 66.81 9.8 24.32 0.43
AAQ4 Ujjal Mazra Range 23.1-36.5 56.2-70.4 7.4-10.8 17.6-26.1 0.31-0.45
Average 30.3 62.99 9.1 22.33 0.38
AAQ5 Kularpur Range 19.5-28.5 52.7-66.5 6.2-10.3 16.5-26.1 0.24-0.42
Average 23.6 59.82 7.8 22.55 0.33
AAQ6 Udamgarh Range 17.3-26.4 51.2-68.5 6.2-10.1 17.1-26.5 0.26-0.35
Average 20.9 59.19 7.9 22.4 0.30
AAQ7 Thaska Range 15.1-26.6 51.9-65.6 6.5-10.2 18.4-26.7 0.24-0.38
Average 20.3 60.07 8.5 23.2 0.31
AAQ8 Khadri Range 12.3-23.8 52.4-67.2 6.2-9.8 18.1-28.2 0.25-0.38
Average 18.9 59.49 7.5 22.7 0.30
P 98 42.84 81.79 11.75 36.61 0.59
1. Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10)
As is evident from the data, PM10 concentration observed in the study area during March to May,
2018, minimum concentration is 51.2 µg/m3 at Udamgarh and maximum is 85.9 µg/m3 at Project
Site. P98 remained as 81.79ug/m3 during this period.
2. Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
The minimum value of PM2.5 is 15.1µg/m3 at Thaska and maximum is 45.7µg/m3 at project site.
P98 remained 42.84 µg/m3 during this period.
3. Sulphur Dioxide (SO2)
The SO2 levels is minimum of 6.2µg/m3 at Kularpur, Udamnagar & Khadri and maximum of
12.9µg/m3 at Project Site. The situation in the study area as far as SO2 concentration is concerned
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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is comfortable. P98 remained as 11.75µg/m3 during this period.
4. Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
NOx concentration in the study area varied from minimum value of 16.5 to maximum value is
39.2µg/m3. P98 remained as 36.61µg/m3 during this period.
5. Carbon Monoxide (CO)
CO concentration in the study area varied from minimum concentration 0.24 to maximum is 0.63
mg/m3. P98 remained as 0.59 mg/m3 during this period.
National Air Quality Index (AQI)
The AQI Values for all the 24 hrs monitoring values have been calculated and found to be in the
range (51-100) which is satisfactory for health bracket.
Results and Discussion
The abstract of AAQ are given in Table 3.5. From the summary of results, it is seen that in all the
cases, the 24 hourly average levels of SO2, NOX , CO, PM10 and PM2.5 for Industrial, residential,
rural and other areas are well within the standards prescribed in the NAAQs-2009. PM10 and PM2.5
were at the highest level at the project site, but well within the standards.
3.5 Water Environment
Water Quality
Water quality assessment is one of the essential components of EIA study. Such assessment helps
in evaluating the existing health of water body and suggesting appropriate mitigation measures to
minimize the potential impact from development projects. Water quality of ground water has been
studied in order to assess water-uses in construction, drinking, cooling and horticulture purpose.
The water quality at the site and other locations within the 10 km impact zone was monitored
during March to May 2018.
Sampling frequency and Technique
Parameters for analysis of water quality were selected based on the utility of the particular source
of water as per EIA guidance manuals. Hence quality of ground water was compared with IS:
10500: 2012 for drinking purposes. As per the standard practice, one sample from each station
was taken in the study period. Sampling was done by standard sampling technique as per the
Standard Methods. Necessary precautions were taken for preservation of samples. Sampling
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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location of surface water and ground water are given in Figure 3.3 and list of surface & ground
water sample is given in Table 3.6 & 3.7 respectively. The results surface water & ground water
are given in Table 3.8 & 3.9 respectively.
Figure -3.3
Locations of Surface water & Ground water
Surface Water
Ground Water
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Table 3.6
Surface Water Sampling Stations
S. No. Location Date of sampling
1. Markanda River 12-03-2018
Table-3.7
Details of Ground Water Monitoring Stations
S. No. Location Code Location Date of sampling
1. GW-1 Project Site 15-03-2018
2. GW-2 Johron 15-03-2018
3. GW-3 Koluwala 15-03-2018
4. GW-4 Ujjal Mazra 15-03-2018
5. GW-5 Kularpur 21-03-2018
6. GW-6 Udamgarh 21-03-2018
7. GW-7 Thaska 21-03-2018
8. GW-8 Khadri 21-03-2018
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Table – 3.8
Results of surface Water Sample (Markanda River)
S.No. Parameters Unit Upstream Downstream
1. pH - 7.61 7.68
2. Color H.U <5 <5
3. Odour -- Agreeable Agreeable
4. Turbidity NTU <2 <2
5. Dissolved Oxygen mg/l 6.8 6.7
6. Chemical Oxygen Demand mg/l 9.8 12.3
7. BOD at 27 oC for 3 day mg/l <2 3.5
8. Total Dissolved Solids mg/l 272 288
9. Total Suspended Solids mg/l 12.0 24.0
10. Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l 186.2 196.0
11. Chlorides as Cl-2 mg/l 19.9 24.9
12. Sulphates as SO4 mg/l 12.6 15.0
13. Total alkalinity mg/l 198.0 207.9
14. Magnesium as Mg mg/l 39.2 43.1
15. Calcium as Ca mg/l 21.1 21.1
16. Nitrate as NO3 mg/l ND ND
17. Zinc mg/l ND ND
18. Iron mg/l 0.09 0.10
19. Fluoride mg/l ND ND
20. Sodium as Na mg/l 18.6 20.2
21. Potassium as K mg/l 6.2 8.0
22. Cadmium mg/l ND ND
23. Total Chromium mg/l ND ND
24. Mercury mg/l ND ND
25. Selenium as Se mg/l ND ND
26. Aluminum as Al mg/l ND ND
27. Boron mg/l ND ND
28. Fecal Coli form MPN/100 ml <2 <2
29. Total Coli form MPN/100 ml Absent Absent
* As per IS: 10500: 2012 acceptable limits
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Table – 3.9
Results of Ground Water Samples
S. No. Parameters Unit GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 GW8 * Limits
1. pH - 7.48 7.68 7.51 7.98 7.62 7.77 7.38 7.67 6.5-8.5
2. Colour Hazen <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 5.0
3. Odour Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable
4. Turbidity NTU <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 <1 1.0
5. Total Dissolved
Solids
mg/l 318 325 308 326 337 338 309 336 500
6. Total
Hardness as
CaCO3
mg/l 205.8 215.6 196 205.8 210 220 190 230 200
7. Calcium as Ca mg/l 43.1 47.0 39.2 47.0 44.0 44.0 36.0 48.0 75
8. Magnesium as Mg
mg/l 23.5 23.5 23.5 21.5 24.0 26.4 24.0 26.4 30
9. Total alkalinity mg/l 210 220 200 210 220 230 200 237.6 200
10. Chlorides as Cl-
mg/l 29.9 24.9 29.9 24.9 29.9 24.9 29.9 24.9 250
11. Sulphates as SO4
mg/l 22.5 25.0 23.2 26.2 25.2 24.8 22.6 25.0 200
12. Nitrate as NO3 mg/l ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 45
13. Total
residual
chlorine as
Cl2
mg/l ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.2
14. Iron mg/l 0.09 0.11 0.10 0.11 0.09 0.10 ND 0.09 0.3
15. Fluoride mg/l ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 1.5
16. Zinc mg/l ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 5.0
17. Manganese mg/l ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.1
18. Cadmium mg/l ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.003
19. Total
Chromium
mg/l ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.05
20. Mercury mg/l ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.001
21. Selenium as Se mg/l ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND 0.01
22. Total Coliforms
per 100
ml
<2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 <2 shall not
be
detectabl
e in any
of 100ml
sample
23. E – Coli per 100
ml
Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent Absent shall not
be
detectabl
e in any
of 100ml
sample
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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Conclusion
All the above parameters at the various locations in the study area are within permissible and
prescribed limits for portability. The underground water in the area is thus potable.
In the study area since the samples have been collected from different sites at isolated places, the
level of concentration and different elements vary quite considerably which may be due to small
aquifers. However, the levels of the various components are within permissible norms for
drinking water.
3.6 Noise Environment
Noise is one of the most undesirable and unwanted by-products of our modern life style. It may
not seem as insidious or harmful as air and water pollutants but it affects human health and well-
being and can contribute to deterioration of human well-being in general and can cause
neurological disturbances and physiological damage to the hearing mechanism in particular. It is
therefore, necessary to measure both the quality as well as the quantity of noise in and around the
site.
Methodology
The intensity of sound energy in the environment is measured in a logarithmic scale and is
expressed in a decibel, dB (A) scale. In a sophisticated type of sound level meter, an additional
circuit (filters) is provided, which modifies the received signal in such a way that it replicates the
sound signal as received by the human ear and the magnitude of sound level in this scale is
denoted as dB (A). The sound levels are expressed in dB (A) scale for the purpose of comparison
of noise levels, which is universally accepted by the international community.
The day noise levels have been monitored during 6.00 am to 10.00 pm and night noise levels,
during 10.00 pm to 6.00 am at all the 8 locations, which covers residential, commercial, industrial
area and silence zone if available within 10 km radius of the study area.
Sampling Locations
A preliminary survey was undertaken to identify the major noise generating sources in the area.
The noise survey was conducted to assess the background noise levels in different zones. Gazettes
Notification {S.O. 123(E)} of MoEF&CC dated February 14, 2000 on ambient air quality
standards has different noise levels for different zones viz. Industrial, commercial, and residential
and silence zones. Eight sampling locations were selected for the sampling of noise levels. Noise
levels recorded at each station are computed for Equivalent noise levels. Equivalent noise level is a
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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single number descriptor for describing time varying noise levels. Location of noise monitoring
station in Table 3.10 & Noise Level Results Leq dB (A) in and Around Project Area
are given in Table 3.11.
Table 3.10
Noise Monitoring Stations
Table 3.11
Noise Level Results Leq dB (A) in and Around Project Area
S. No. Locations Value in dB(A) Test Method
Day Time
(1 Hour)
Night Time
(1 Hour )
01. Project Site 67.4 55.3
IS 9989:1981(Rev.2001)
02. Johron 40.1 26.2
03. Koluwala 36.3 21.5
04. Ujjal Mazra 35.2 22.7
05. Kularpur 33.4 20.4
06. Udamgarh 34.4 22.2
07. Thaska 30.1 21.6
08. Khadri 31.9 20.1
Analysis of results of noise levels are shown in Noise levels in the study varies reveals that from
30.1 dB (A) to 67.4 dB (A) in day time and 20.1 dB (A) to 55.3 dB (A) during night. The highest
levels were observed at Project Site. Ambient air quality standards in respect of noise are given in
Table 3.12.
S. No. Location Date of sampling
1. Project Site 19-03-2018
2. Johron 19-03-2018
3. Koluwala 19-03-2018
4. Ujjal Mazra 19-03-2018
5. Kularpur 20-03-2018
6. Udamgarh 20-03-2018
7. Thaska 20-03-2018
8. Khadri 20-03-2018
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Table 3.12
Noise Standards (Source-CPCB)
Area
Code
Category of Area Noise dB(A) Leq
Day Time
(6.0am-10.0pm)
Night Time
(10.0pm-6.0am)
A Industrial Area 75 70
B Commercial Area 65 55
C Residential Area 55 45
D Silence Zone 50 40
3.7 Soil Quality
Physical characteristics
Soil is generally considered as the upper layer of the earth that is dug or ploughed, especially the
loose material in which plants grow. It is generally unconsolidated material composed of soil
particles produced by weathering of rocks. The void spaces between the particles may contain
Air, Water or both.
Physical characteristics of soil influence its use and behavior towards plants growth. The plant
support, root penetration, drainage, aeration, retention of moisture & plant nutrients is linked with
the physical condition of soils. Normally following physical parameters are important for
determining the quality of soil:-
(i) Texture
(ii) Porosity
(iii) Bulk density
(i) Texture
On the basis of texture the study area may be classified as loamy sand, sandy loam and silty loam.
(ii) Porosity:-
Volume of soil mass that is not occupied by soil particles and usually occupied by air & water are
known as pore space. The plant roots grow & exist in the pore spaces. Porosity, therefore, refers
to that percentage of soil volume which is occupied by pore spaces.
(iii) Bulk Density:-
The bulk density weight of a unit of volume of soil inclusive of pore spaces is called bulk density.
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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Generally the soil with low bulk density has favorable physical conditions.
Chemical characteristics
Locations of soil monitoring stations are given in Figure 3.3. List of soil monitoring station are
given in Table 3.13. Chemical characteristics of soil observed in the study area are given in
Table 3.14.
Table 3.13
Detail list of Soil Quality Monitoring Stations
S. No. Location
Code
Location Date of sampling
1. SQ-1 Project Site 15-03-2018
2. SQ-2 Johron 15-03-2018
3. SQ-3 Koluwala 15-03-2018
4. SQ-4 Ujjal Mazra 15-03-2018
5. SQ-5 Kularpur 21-03-2018
6. SQ-6 Udamgarh 21-03-2018
7. SQ-7 Thaska 21-03-2018
8. SQ-8 Khadri 21-03-2018
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Table –3.14
Result of Soil Samples (% W/W except pH)
S. No. Parameter Unit SQ1 SQ2 SQ3 SQ4 SQ5 SQ6 SQ7 SQ8 Test
Methods
1. pH (1:2.5) -- 8.12 7.89 8.30 8.79 8.89 8.44 8.25 8.15 IS 2720(P-
26),1987
2. Electrical
Conductivity
(1:2)
µmhos/cm 620 645 679 678 649 685 672 639 IS 14767,2000
3. Texture -- Clay
Loam
Clay
Loam Clay
Loam Clay
Loam Clay
Loam Clay
Loam Clay
Loam Clay
Loam CPTL, Lab
SOP No. 58
4. Bulk Density (gm/cm3) 1.07 1.10 1.09 1.19 1.08 1.15 1.10 1.18 IS 2720(P-
3),1983
5. Soil Moisture
Content
% 12.5 14.0 11.8 13.2 11.5 12.2 14.6 15.2 IS 2720(P-
2,1973
6. Color -- Light
Brown
Brown Brown Light
Brown
Brown Light
Brown
Light
Brown
Brown Handbook of
Agriculture,
ICAR
7. Available
Calcium
(mg/kg) 118.8 108.0 112.0 122.2 116.0 127.3 124.2 128.0 Handbook of
Agriculture,
ICAR
8. Available
Magnesium
(mg/kg) 47.52 36.2 50.2 50.6 47.6 52.1 48.2 59.2 Handbook of
Agriculture,
ICAR
9. Available
Sodium
Kg/hac 60.2 62.4 68.0 65.4 58.3 61.4 60.8 55.6 CPTL, Lab
SOP No. 59
10. Available
Potassium
Kg/hac 10.0 10.8 12.3 11.7 10.7 9.8 10.6 9.6 CPTL, Lab
SOP No.59
11. Available
Nitrogen
(%) 26.5 30.7 29.2 26.8 26.4 29.7 32.3 27.1 CPTL, Lab
SOP No. 62
12. Organic Matter (%) 1.21 1.30 1.15 1.42 1.27 1.31 1.40 1.47 IS 2720(P-
22),2001
13. Available
Phosphorus
Kg/hac 18.2 21.0 18.8 24.3 22.4 19.5 20.5 21.3 CPTL, Lab
SOP No. 59
14. Cation
Exchange
Capacity
(meq/100g
m)
25.3 27.2 26.1 28.0 27.8 25.8 27.3 26.6 CPTL, Lab
SOP No. 58
15. Iron as Fe (mg/kg) 2.0 2.2 2.6 2.1 2.3 2.6 2.9 2.4 CPTL, Lab
SOP No. 63
16. Zinc as Zn (mg/kg) 0.1 0.19 0.2 0.14 0.22 0.30 0.26 0.16 CPTL, Lab
SOP No. 63
17. Lead as Pb (mg/kg) ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND CPTL, Lab
SOP No. 63
18. Manganese as
Mn
(mg/kg) 0.16 0.14 0.10 0.11 0.18 0.10 0.15 0.12 CPTL, Lab
SOP No. 63
19. Chromium as
Cr
(mg/kg) ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND CPTL, Lab
SOP No. 63
20. Cadmium as
Cd
(mg/kg) ND ND ND ND ND ND ND ND CPTL, Lab
SOP No. 63
21. Copper as Cu (mg/kg) 0.04 0.06 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.03 CPTL, Lab
SOP No. 63
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3.8 Physiography
The terrain of district Sirmaur physiographically is predominantly mountainous with deep valleys
lying between Shiwalik ranges of varying elevations between 358 meters and 3,544 meters above
the mean sea level. This district has many dhars/ranges and prominent among them are Chur Dhar
or popularly known as Chur Chandani-ki-Dhar, Nohra Dhar, Haripur Dhar, Juni Dhar, Shalai Dhar,
Kamrau Dhar etc. All these dhars/ranges are located in Trans Giri region of this district. Sain Dhar
and Dharati Dhar are other important dhars, which are located in Cis-Giri region. Chur Dhar attains
maximum height of 3,544 meters in this region. Among the mountain ranges/dhars, Chur Dhar is a
prominent, which also forms boundary between Shimla and Sirmaur districts. From this lofty
mountain extend two ranges of which one in the north-west direction called Dhar Taproli Jadol and
other Dhar Nohra in the south-east direction toward Haripur Fort from where it is again divided
into two ranges, one of which runs towards to the Tons valley. These ranges separate the district as
well as region from Shimla district in the northern part. The terrain of Sirmaur Shiwalik is
undulating with altitude ranging from 355 meters to 1,442 meters above the mean sea level. The
Kiardun valley region spreads in southern and central parts of Paonta Sahib Tehsil. This valley is
wider in the middle and becomes narrower in the corners. Area adjoining the State of Haryana is
hilly with the maximum height of 619 meters. The remaining area of this valley is smooth, flat and
fertile. These areas have been cultivated extensively. Physiography and drainage of district Sirmaur
is shown in Fig. 3.5
3.8.1 Geology
The greater part of the district lies on the rocks of tertiary age with beds belonging to the
carboniferous system. The geological structure of the district is composed of Shiwalik, Murree
Series, Krol Series, Mandhali-Chand pur groups and Jutogh group. The geology of Upper Sirmaur
Forested region consists mainly of Jutogh group, Rampur, Banjar formations, Nagthat group, Shali-
Deoban and 24 Largi groups and Granites (unclassified) formations. Small tracts of Krol Series,
Shimla group and Shiwalik structure are also observed in this region. The geology of Cis Giri
region is mainly formed of Murree Series, Krol Series and Balaini formations. Small tracts of
Subathu beds and Mandhali-Chandpur groups and Shimla group are also observed. The geological
structure of Sirmaur Shiwalik region is mainly of Shiwalik formation and contains huge deposits of
limestone. The geology of Kiardun valley region is mainly composed of Shiwalik formations
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containing thick alluvium soil of brown and black colour. The formations of the district generally
belong to sub-Himalayan and Himalayan groups. Sub-Himalayan group comprises of
unmetamorphosed tertiary rocks and Himalayan group contains metamorphosed formation of pre-
tertiary age ranging down to Achaeans.
3.8.2 Drainage
The district is drained by a number of rivers, rivulets and streams. Of these, river Giri is the biggest
river in the district, which is a tributary of river Yamuna. The main rivers of the district are Giri,
Bata, Yamuna, Tons, Ghagghar and Markanda. Only Bata, Ghagghar and Markanda rivers rise in
the district. The Giri river takes south-easterly course and merges in Yamuna river at Bata Mandi.
Bata and Yamuna rivers flow south-westerly directions. Tons river, a tributary of Yamuna river
forms eastern boundary while Yamuna river forms its south-eastern boundary and they separate
this district from Dehradun district of Uttrakhand. River Giri originates at Kupar Tibba in Jubbal
tahsil of Shimla district, passes through the hills of Kotkhai and Theog of Shimla district, and
enters Sirmaur district at village Mariog from north side. It flows almost in the middle of the
district and merges with Yamuna river at Rampura Ghat. Jalal river, an important tributary of Giri
river joins it on its right bank at Dadahu. In the sub-micro region of Upper Sirmaur Forested
region, the Nera river flows from west to east direction forming the boundary of Kamrau sub-tehsil
and Shalai tehsil. Tons river enters in this region in east at Kharkan and flows from north to south
direction and ultimately merges with Yamuna river in south. Tons river also forms its eastern
boundary and separate it from Uttrakhand. Sainj river is a tributary of Tons river and joins it in this
region. Giri river and its tributary Basari river form its north-western boundary and Giri river also
makes its extreme southern boundary. The Giri river, the life belt of Cis-Giri region enters in north-
west at Nalsar Anoti and flows almost in the centre of this region and then towards southeasterly
direction. This river then leaves this region at Hiyon Nar and enters into Kamrau sub-tahsil. The
principal tributary of this river is Jalal river which originates in this region and flows between Sain
Dhar and Dharati Dhar and ultimately merges in Giri river at Dadahu. Other tributaries of Giri river
are Pervi, Nait, Palor and Jagat nalas and they join the Giri river on its left bank while Kamali nala
meets it on its right bank. Ghagghar river also originate in north-western part forming district
boundary and flows in westerly direction. It leaves the district as well as this region at Prit Nagar
and enters into Haryana state. The main river in Sirmaur Shiwalik region is Markanda which
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originates from the south-eastern part of Nahan tehsil and flows in south-westerly direction. It
forms its own valley named Markanda valley in this region which is flat and fertile. It leaves this
region at Kala Amb and enters into Haryana. Bata river takes birth in this region and takes easterly
course. The Kiardun valley region is mainly drained by Bata river which enters this region in
extreme west near Kolar and flows south-easterly direction before merging with Yamuna river at
Bata Mandi. Giri river and Yamuna river have their own valleys in this region. Yamuna river enters
the district as well as this region in extreme east at Majiri Paharuwala, taking south-westerly course
and leaves the district as well as this region at Behral. Giri river which is a major tributary to
Yamuna river meets it on its right bank at Rampur Ghat. All these rivers provide irrigation facilities
to this valley. Drainage map of the study area is shown in Fig 3.4
3.8.3 Geomorphology and Soil
Sirmaur district presents an intricate mosaic of high mountain ranges, hills and valleys with altitude
ranging from 300 to 3000 m above MSL. There is general increase in elevation from south to north
and from east to west. In general trance Giri terrain exhibits highly rugged mountain terrain. The
highest peaks in Chaur dhar remain snow bound throughout the year. Low denuded hill ranges of
Siwalik represent the southwestern part of the district. In the areas underlain by high hill ranges of
Himalayas, the valleys are narrow and deep with steep slopes. The terrain is moderately to highly
dissected with steep slopes. Paonta valley, trending NW-SE, have an area of about 230 sq km and
lies between the main Himalayan ranges on the north and outer Siwallik hill range in the south. The
Yamuna River that forms the eastern district boundary with the State of Uttranchal drains major
part of Sirmaur district. Tons, Giri, Bata are its major tributaries. Only a small area in the southeast
is drained by river Markanda of the Ghaggar river basin. Giri River practically bisects the district in
to two parts, namely trans Giri area and cis-Giri area. Paonta valley is drained by river Bata a
tributary of Yamuna.
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Fig: 3.4 Drainage Map of the Study Area
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Figure 3.5: Physiography and drainage of district Sirmaur
Source: Ground water information booklet, Sirmaur,HP (CGWB)
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3.8.4 Hydrogeology
Geologically the rock formations occupying the district range in age from pre-Cambrian to
Quaternary period. The generalized geological succession in the district is given below:
Era Period Formation Lithology
Quaternary Rcecent to
Pleistocene
Alluvium/Valley fills/
Older alluvium
Sand with pebble and clay & multiple
cyclic sequence of medium to coarse
grained sand with pebble of sandstone
and lenses of clay
Pliocene-
Miocene
Siwalik Group Sandstone, Shale, conglomerate,
mudstone, clay, gravel & boulder beds
Tertiary L-Miocene to
Oligo-Eocene
Kasauli/Dagshai/Subat
hu
Grey, purple sandstone, Shale, nodular
clay, Shale, Limestone etc.
Pemo-
Carboniferous
Karol/Infra-karol,
Blainis, boulder beds
Limestone, shale, red shale,
Carbonaceous shale, slate, greywacke,
dolomitic limestone
Pre-Tertiary
Group
Devonian Juansar series Slates schist phullite
Pre-Cambrian Chail series Slates called Shimla slates
Achaean Jutogh series Quartzites, schist and limestone
Hydro-geologically, the unconsolidated and semi-consolidated/ consolidated rock formations form
aquifers in the district. Intergarnular pore spaces in the sedimentary formations and secondary
fissured porosity in hard rocks, topographical set up coupled with precipitation in the form of rain
and snow, mainly govern occurrence and movement of ground water. Porous alluvial formation
occurring in the valley area forms the most prolific aquifer system where as the sedimentary semi-
consolidated formations and hard rocks form aquifer of low yield prospect. Major parts of the
district are hilly & mountainous with highly dissected and undulating terrain. These areas are
underlain by semi-consolidated and consolidated hard rocks of Tertiary and pre-Tertiary period.
Ground water potential in such areas is very low due to its hydro-geomorphic set up. Springs are
the main ground water structures that provide water supply for domestic and irrigation in major
rural and urban areas. Springs are the major ground water sources of water supply in the district.
CPTL- EIA, Mohali
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These springs are mainly gravity, contact or fracture type and springs located along major
thrust/faults or structurally weak planes are high yielding. The springs, locally called Chasma, have
discharges varying from seepages to 15 litres per second. Bowries, a type dug well, are another
structure constructed in the hill slopes to tap the seepages. Such Bowries are common and observed
all southern part of the district. In the last more than a decade, state government have drilled
shallow bore wells fitted with hand-pumps to provide domestic water. These hand pumps have
depth up to average 50-60m and have low discharges up to 1 lps.
Fig. 3.6 Hydrogeology of district Sirmaur
Source: Ground water information booklet, Sirmaur,HP (CGWB)
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In valley area of Poanta, the ground water occurs in porous unconsolidated alluvial formation
(valley fills) comprising, sand, silt, gravel, cobbles/pebbles etc. Ground water occurs both under
phreatic & confined conditions. Wells and tube wells are the main ground water abstraction
structures. Ground water is being developed in the area by medium to deep tube wells, dug wells,
dug cum bored wells. Depth to water level shows wide variation from near surface to more then 35
m bgl. Yield of shallow aquifer is moderate with well discharges up to 10 lps. CGWB has
drilled/constructed 11 exploratory wells in the valley area in the depth range of 90.00 to 163.00 m
bgl. Static water level of the tubewells ranges from 2 m to 43.00 m bgl and discharges ranges from
200 to 3220 lpm. In Poanta valley area, there are 12-hydrograph network stations where depth to
water level is monitored four times a year and ground water quality once during pre-monsoon
period. Depth to water table shows wide variation. During pre-monsoon period (May 2012) it
ranged between 3.76 & 43.98 m bgl, while during the post-monsoon period (November 2012)
depth to water level ranged from 2.98 to 37.35 m bgl. Deeper water levels are observed mainly in
northwestern part and along the foothills. In major parts of the valley the depth to water level are
less than 17.00 m bgl.
Long-term water level fluctuation was analyzed for the period of May 2012 with respect to decadal
average of 2002 to 2011. In general, fall in water level up to 2 m is observed in most part of the
valley. However, in isolated pockets in western and eastern part of Paonta valley rise of water level
up to 5 m is also observed.
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Fig. 3.7 Depth to Water Level – Pre-Monsoon
Source: Ground water information booklet, Sirmaur,HP (CGWB)
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Figure 3.8: Depth to Water Level – Post-Monsoon
Source: Ground water information booklet, Sirmaur,HP (CGWB)
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3.8.5 Ground Water Resources
Rainfall is the major source recharge to the groundwater body apart from the influent seepage from
the rivers, irrigated fields and inflow from upland areas. The discharge from ground water mainly
takes place from wells and tube wells; effluent seepages of ground water in the form of springs and
base flow in streams.
Ground water resources and irrigation potential for Kala Amb area of Sirmaur district have been
computed utilising GEC-97 methodology for the year 2009 as given below.
Ground Water Resources (Kala Amb Valley), March 2011
1. Assessment Unit (Kala Amb Valley) : 250.00 hect.
2. Existing gross ground water draft for all uses : 545.32 hect
3. Total Annual ground water recharge : 101.66 hect
4. Natural discharge during Non-Monsoon season : 10.16 hect
5. Allocation for domestic and industrial requirement supply upto next 25 years : 494.51HECT
6. Net ground water availability for future irrigation development : 0.00 hect
7. Stage of ground water development : 564.63%
8. Categorization of the Assessment Unit : “OVER EXPLOITED”
The stage of ground water development in Kala Amb valley area is 564.63% as on 2011
and falls under “Over Exploited category”.
Ground Water Management Strategy
3.8.6 Ground Water Development
In hilly and mountainous area of the district ground water development through the traditional
ground water sources viz. Springs (chasmas), Bowries and perennial streams are the only possible
apart from the shallow bores or hand pumps in favorable locations. Proper development of springs
is essential as it is observed that most of the spring does not have collection chamber or tanks from
where water can be distributed under gravity. The objective of spring development should be to
collect the flowing water underground, to protect it from surface contamination and to store it in
sanitary spring box for supply. Similarly, seepage springs along hill sides also need to develop for
harnessing ground water in such areas.
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In the last decade, number of shallow bore wells fitted with hand pumps have been constructed in
these areas and serving as the source of water supply for domestic uses in the district. In the hilly
areas and shallow bore wells in favorable location are feasible. However, looking to the fragile eco-
system drilling activity should be minimum and traditional sources should be harnessed and
protected. .But, there is no scope of further ground water development in Kala Amb valley, as the
stage of ground water development is 564.63% which falls in ‘Over Exploited category’.
Fig. 3.9 Ground Water Map - Sirmaur
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3.8.7 Water Conservation and Artificial Recharge
Ground water is the major source for irrigation & domestic water supply in both rural and urban
areas. Water level observation data has revealed declining trend in water level in some parts of the
district. Though the stage of ground water development in valley is still in safe category, however,
in many parts the availability of water during summer is limited particularly in hilly areas in
drought/ low rain/snow years. There is thus a general need to conserve and augment water
resource. Based upon the climatic conditions, topography, hydro-geology of the area, suitable
structure for rain water harvesting and artificial recharge to ground water need to be planned and
implemented. Roof top rainwater harvesting is one such solution both for urban & rural areas.
Rainwater harvesting in rural area and proper scientific intervention for spring development and
revival of traditional water storage is required in water scarce areas.
Rain Water Harvesting
The part of the district where water level decline exist, artificial recharge structures may help in
arresting this water level decline. Generally Recharge Trench with injection well structure is
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suitable for artificial recharge. Water conservation methods like change in cropping pattern, change
in Irrigation policy, timely plantation of paddy, promotion of sprinkler and drip irrigation etc. may
be adopted to overcome the ground water decline in the area. Roof top rain water harvesting can be
adopted in all buildings of the district.
Due to declining of water levels in the area, rainwater harvesting and artificial recharge to
groundwater is feasible in whole of the district. Types of recharge structures suitable are; Trenches
and injection wells. Injection wells of 40 to 60 m depth can be constructed depending upon the
local hydro geological conditions.
The trenches of three meter depth be constructed and filled with inverted filter material up to 2m of
depth, remaining one meter of depth will be kept as free board which acts as storage of storm
water. The trench serves dual purpose of storing the excess water and filtering the suspended
particles / silt. For construction of recharge well borehole of 450mm (18”) dia is to be got drilled
with the Reverse Rotary method of drilling. In case sufficient space is not available in areas close
to buildings, the drilling may be taken up with hand boring and dia of borehole should be 10”.
Recharge well assembly of 6” dia should be lowered into the borehole. The annular space between
the assembly and borehole is to be filled with gravel of 3-5 mm size. The aquifers zones to be
recharged should be screened by PVC/M.S. slotted pipes. Within the trench two PVC/M.S. slotted
pipes having 3 mm slot size are to be fixed on either side of the 6” dia. pipe for filtered water to
enter into the recharge well. Only aquifers encountered at the bottom of borehole should be
screened. After construction of trench cum recharge well, the channelized water is to be connected
with the recharge structures through R.C.C. or M.S. pipes.
Figure-3.10: Typical Rain Water Harvesting Pit Design
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3.9 Land Environment
The major land use of present project is infrastructural use, which will help for development of a
society that will stand robustly against economic or natural calamities by providing residential
stability. It fulfills the required demand for housing needs for the development of country.
Environmental assessment is required where the complexity and scale of a proposed project,
technology, resource allocation or sitting considerations create uncertainty about the exact nature of
environmental effects, or result in a potential for significant adverse environmental effects. The
Environmental Assessment process allows decision makers to examine the effects that a proposed
project may have on the environment. The information gathered during the process helps the
concerned authority determine if the project is in the public interest.
The objective of assessing the land use details of the area is to know the existing land use pattern of
the area and enable one to know about the land that can be used for the proposed development
activities in the study area. It also enables to envisage the scenario emerging due to the increase in
demand for land with increase in population and the impacts arising due to the interface with the
various project activities.
a) Geographical location of the study area:
The study area is located at Trilokpur road, Kala Amb, Tehsil-Nahan, District-Sirmaur,Himachal
Pradesh. The total area is 4.77 acres. The study area is falling in H43L2, H43L3, H43L6 and
H43L7 of Survey of India Topographic sheet.
b) Data Collection and Quality Assurance
Satellite data:
The Indian Remote Sensing satellite data RESOURCESAT-2, LISS III is being used for the
analysis of Land Use and Land Cover around 10 KM of the study area.
c) Methodology:
The land use / land cover map is prepared by adopting the interpretation techniques of the image in
conjunction with collateral data such as Survey of India topographical maps and census records.
Image classification has been done by using visual interpretation techniques and digital
classification using ERDAS image processing 10.0 software and ARC/GIS 10.0 software. The
various activities for preparation of LULC include preprocessing, rectification, enhancements and
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classifying the satellite data for assessing the change in land use land cover due to proposed
developmental activities.
The imagery is interpreted and ground checked for corrections. The final map is prepared after
field check. The different land use/land cover categories in the study area has been carried out
based on the NRSC land use / land cover classification system.
Flowchart showing the methodology adopted for land use/land cover mapping is provided as Fig
3.11
Fig 3.11: Flowchart showing the methodology adopted for land use/land cover mapping
Land Use / Land Cover Study:
The land use land cover study has been done through digital image processing and visual
interpretation technique to generate output of Land use / Land cover map of study area on 1:50,000
scale. Also, a 10 Km radius False Color Composite satellite map surrounding the project site is
provided in Fig 3.12 and the LULC map around the 10 Km radius of proposed project is provided
as and a Fig 3.14 & Fig 3.15 .
Table 3.15 Land Use/Land Cover Area Statistics
Land Use/Land Cover Area (Ha) Area Percentage
Settlement 1025.68 3.22%
Reserve Forest 13023.54 40.86%
Protected Forest 1445.04 4.53%
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Open Scrub 991.26 3.11%
Sandy Area 1242.45 3.9%
Agriculture Land 14143.25 44.38%
Total Area 31871.22 100
The study area comprises of agricultural land of about 14143.25 ha (44.38%) . Settlements in the
study area cover an area of 1025.68 (3.22%) approximately. The study area has open scrub land of
991.26 (3.11%) distributed in & around study area. The land cover pattern and the respective
coverage are given in Table 3.15 above.
3.9.1 List of Industries within 10 km radius of the Project Area
S.No. Industries
1. AG Aerovision Electronics Pvt. Ltd.
2. Akhil Enterprises
3. Amba Alloys
4. Amba Industrial Corporation
5. Ambica Alloys
6. Anmol Polymers Pvt. Ltd.
7. Arham Plastice
8. BR Agrotech Limited
9. Bag Poly International Pvt. Ltd.
10. Bala Sundri Gases Pvt. Ltd.
11. Balaji Prelams Pvt. Ltd.
12. Bothra Metal and Alloys Pvt. Ltd.
13. C.S. Zircon Products Pvt. Ltd.
14. Case Cold Roll Forming Pvt. Ltd.
15. CBM Industries
16. Compolina Offset Printers
17. Deep Drawn Technologies
18. Digital Pharma
19. Durga Engineering Works
20. Eiper Electricals
21. Ekta Enterprises
22. Emkay Appliances Pvt. Ltd.
23. Fila Packaging Pvt. Ltd.
24. Ganpati Manufacturing Co.
25. Geeta Industries
26. Gen Pure Zeng Pvt. Ltd.
27. Green Valley Frozen Foods Ltd.
28. GS Casting
29. Guru Kirpa Enterprises
30. Gurudev Industries
31. Harshita Industries
32. HM Steels Limited
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Fig 3.12 10 Km radius False Color Composite Satellite Map
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Fig 3.13: Chart showing the distribution of land use/ land cover in the study area
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Fig 3.14: Land Use / Land Cover Map of Study Area (10 Km Buffer)
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3.10 Biological Environment
A natural ecosystem is a structural and functional unit of nature. It has different biological and
physical components, which are interrelated to each other and survive by interdependence. An
ecosystem has self sustaining ability and controls the number of organisms at any level by
cybernetic rules. The basic purpose to explore the biological environment under Environmental
Impact Assessment (EIA) is to assist the decision making process and to ensure that the project
options under consideration are environmental-friendly. An ecological survey of the study area
was conducted, particularly with reference to listing of species and assessment of the existing
baseline ecological conditions in the study area. The main objectives of the ecological survey
were aimed at assessing the existing flora and fauna components in the study area, to understand
the possible impacts on the biological environment caused by the proposed project activities, and
to formulate if necessary the appropriate mitigation/preventive measures for such impacts. Data
has been collected through secondary sources and by site visits.
The present study was carried out in two separate headings for floral and faunal community. The
aspects to be covered in the study for the project are given in Table 3.16.
Table-3.16
Aspect to be covered in the study Area
Aspect of
Environment
Impacts
A. Terrestrial
Ecology
Impacts on terrestrial flora and fauna
Impacts on Rare-Endangered-Threatened (RET) wildlife
Impacts on socially/ economically/ genetically/ biologically
important species
B. Aquatic
Ecology
Impacts on aquatic fauna/flora
Impacts on spawning and breeding grounds for aquatic species
The information presented in this Chapter has been collected through field studies, consultation
with various government departments and collation of available literature with various
institutions and organizations. The summary of data collected from these sources as a part of the
EIA study is outlined in Table 3.17.
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Table-3.17
Summary of Data Collected from various sources
Aspect Mode of data
collection
Parameters
Monitored
Frequency Source(s)
Terrestrial
Ecology
Primary field
survey and
secondary
literature survey
Floral and Faunal
Diversity and
Their Importance
One
Season
(Winter)
Field studies,
Forest
Department and
literature review
Aquatic Ecology Primary field
survey and
secondary
literature survey
Diversity of
Species and Their
Importance
One
Season
(Winter)
Field studies,
Forest
Department and
literature review
With the change in environmental conditions, the vegetation cover as well as animals reflects
several changes in its structure, density and composition. The present study was carried out
separately for floral and faunal community respectively.
Sampling
For field assessment, i.e., primary data collection, a standard statistical sampling method was
followed. The sampling design followed random sampling method. The sampling area was
decided based on prior land-use map of the project influence zone (within the 10 km radius
around the project area), outlining forest areas and other types of habitats, topographic features
and build-up area.
Flora
Methodology for floral study
1. Secondary literature survey: Published literature, including those from relevant organizations
like the Botanical Survey of India (BSI), the Wildlife Institute of India (WII-Dehradun), the
district census handbook Sirmaur, the respective Forest Department of the State concerned etc.,
research papers, articles, books and reliable websites, available within and adjacent to the study
area were compiled and inventoried as “Secondary Floral Diversity Database”.
2. Primary field survey – herbs: Herbaceous plants were studied using the quadrat method as
followed during vegetation survey. The size of each quadrat for herb survey was 1m x 1m. Field
identification of the species and later identification through photographs were followed.
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Unidentified herbs were collected following proper procedure and prepared into herbarium
sheets for later identification.
3. Primary field survey – shrubs: Shrubs were studied using the quadrate method as followed
during vegetation survey. The size of each quadrate for shrub survey was 5m x 5m. Field
identification of the species and later identification through photographs were followed.
Unidentified shrubs were collected following proper procedure and prepared into herbarium
sheets for later identification.
4. Primary field survey – trees: Trees were studied using the quadrate method as followed during
vegetation survey. The size of each quadrate for tree survey was 20m x 20m. Field identification
of the species and later identification through photographs were followed. Samples of
unidentified trees were collected following proper procedure and prepared into herbarium sheets
for later identification.
5. Primary database: Data generated from the field survey within and adjacent to the study area
were meticulously compiled and inventoried as “Primary Floral Diversity Database”.
6. Field instruments/materials for floral study: Measuring tape/s, herbarium sheets, newspaper,
herbarium press, polythene bags (incl. zip-locked pouches), linometers, magnifying glass,
camera and GPS unit.
Table-3.18
Results of floral study
Common Name Scientific Name
Herbs
Yam Dioscorea spp.
Bathua Chenopodium album
Carrot grass Parthenium hysterophorus
Black nightshade Solanum nigrum
Amaranth Amaranthus spp.
Durva/Doob grass Cynodon dactylon
Shrubs
Basuti Adhatoda vasica
Mexican poppy Argemone mexicana
Bans Bambusa bambos
Mudar Calotropis procera
Thor Euphorbia neriifolia
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Opuntia Opuntia dilenii
Gwarpatha Aloe vera
Dhatura Datura stramonium
Bathu Cassia glauca
Trees
Harmo Acacia leucophloea
Desibaval Acacia nilotica
Khair Acacia catechu
Bel Aegle marmelos
Siras Albizia lebbeck
Kala Siras Albizia procera
Limdo Azadirachta indica
Kachnar Bauhinia variegata
Simlo Bombax ceiba
Garmalo Cassia fistula
Kesia Cassia siamea
Karir Capparis decidua
Gundo Cordia dichotoma
Shisham Dalbergia sissoo
Amla Embica officinalis
Coral Tree Erythrina indica
Vad Ficus benghalensis
Umro Ficus racemosa
Piplo Ficus religiosa
Jacaranda Jacaranda mimosifolia
Aam Mangifera indica
Bakayan Meliaazedarach
Sindoor Malotus phillipinensis
Mithosaragavo Moringa oleifera
Khajur Phoenix sylvestris
Chir Pine Pinus roxburghii
Jungle jalebi Pithecellobium dulce
Ashoka Polyalthia longifolia
Kanji Pongamia pinnata
Sal Shorea robusta
KhatiAmli Tamarindus indica
Sagwan Tectona grandis
Arjunsad Terminilia arjuna
Ban Oak Quercus incana
Fauna
Methodology for faunal study:
1.Secondary literature survey: Published literature, including those from relevant organizations
like the Zoological Survey of India (ZSI), the Wildlife Institute of India (WII-Dehradun), the
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respective Forest Department of the State concerned etc., research papers, articles, books and
reliable websites, available within and adjacent to the study area were meticulously compiled and
inventoried as “Secondary Faunal Diversity Database”.
2. Primary field survey – birds: For avian diversity assessment, point count method was used.
The radius of each of the point was 50 m. Birds were identified on-site using field-books, or later
through photographs and field-sketches.
3. Primary field survey – mammals: For mammalian diversity assessment, direct observations
was done on the field. Field identification of species was done on-site and through
photographs/sketches and with the help of field-books/other reliable sources.
4. Primary field survey – amphibians and reptilians: Direct observation and indirect
evidence/sign survey were done for assessing amphibian and reptilian diversity in the field site.
Identification of species was done on-site or through photographs/sketches and with the help of
field-books or other reliable sources.
6. Primary database: Data generated from the field survey within and adjacent to the study area
was meticulously compiled and inventoried as “Primary Faunal Diversity Database”.
7. Field instruments/materials for faunal study: Range-finder, compass, binoculars, camera,
slide-calipers, measuring tape, GPS unit, polythene bags (incl. zip-lock pouches), and field-
books.
Table 3.19
Results of Faunal Study
Bird diversity
Common Name Scientific Name
Common Myna Acridotheres tristis
Sparrow Passer domesticus
Pied Myna Sturnus contra
Asian Koel Eudynamys scolopacea
Indian Cuckoo Cuculus micropterus
House Crow Corvus splendens
Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis
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Blue rock pigeon Columba livia
Pintail (Duck) Anas acuta
Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis
Mammals (Mammalia): Golden Jackal, Wild dog, Indian grey mongoose, Indian hare, Fruits
bat, Field mouse, rat, wild pig etc. are also present in the area.
Reptilea (Lizards, Snakes, Turtles, etc.) & Amphibians: Common Toad, Banded krait,
Skipping frog, Garden Lizard, House Lizard, India bull frog, Cobra, rat snakes etc.
Aquatic Ecology: The aquatic ecology of the area is represented by fishes and planktonic
groups. List of species of fishes was recorded during the study period are as:
S.No. Scientific Names Common Names
1. Labeo bata Bhangan or Bata
2. Labeo rohita Dumra or Dhambra
3. Catla catla Theila
4. Notopterus notopterus Pari or Battu
5. Clarius batrachus Mangur
.
3.11 Socioeconomic Environment
3.11.1 Introduction
Modern day cities have complex structure comprising of numerous & intertwined/ interwoven
relationships due to which town planning judgments cannot be merely treated as technical-
oriented as they affect the lives and interests of the whole community. In the present context, the
slogan “ Planning by the people and Planning for the people “ exhibits a shifts from Physical
design oriented basic concept of town planning to more of a socially relevant and sensitive
model of town Planning encompassing socio-economic richness and viability of existing
communities.
The economic sectors i.e. primary, secondary and tertiary form the economic base of the town.
Nothing can hamper the physical growth/ development of an area more than the economic
incompetence. The identity of a town depends upon the character of its population. Demographic
profile determines the demographic character of the town area in terms of population, growth
rate, density, literacy rate etc. which further helps in determining the social as well as the
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economic character of the area. The natural population growth has special significance because it
is a vital index of economic development, social awakening, historical and cultural background
of the town.
Therefore, the study of socio-economic and demographic factors plays an important role in
defining the character of a town as well as the urban limits of a town/city. The following studies
related to socio-economic and demographic factors for study area mainly Tehsil Nahan have
been conducted to know the socio-economic and demographic character.
3.11.2 Population
Nahan Tahsil, is Sirmaur district's the 2nd most populous sub district. The sub district is home to
about 84 thousand people, among them about 44 thousand (52%) are male and about 40 thousand
(48%) are female. 64% of the whole population belong to general caste, 28% schedule caste and
8% are schedule tribes. Child (aged under 6 years) population of Nahan tahsil is 12%, among
them 53% are boys and 47% are girls. There are about 18 thousand households in the sub district
and an average 5 persons live in every family.
The majority of the population, nearly 66% (about 55 thousand) live in Nahan Sub District rural
part and 34% (about 29 thousand) population live in the Nahan Sub District urban part.
Nahan Population
S.No. Description Number
1. Number of households 17,705
2. Total Population 84,149
3. Male Population 44,077 (52.38%)
4. Female Population 40,072 (47.62%)
5. Children population 10,354
6. Area 298km2
7. Sex Ratio 909
8. Literacy 74.18%
9. Male Literacy 79.13%
10. Female Literacy 68.73%
11. Schedule Tribes (ST) % 7.67%
12. Schedule Caste (SC) % 27.85%
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Nahan Urban and Rural Population
S.No. Description Urban Rural
1. Number of households 6,679 11,026
2. Total Population 28,899 55,250
3. Population (%) 52.68% 47.78%
4. Male Population 15,225 28,852
5. Female Population 13,674 26,398
6. Sex Ratio 898 915
7. Literacy 82.15 70.01
3.11.3 Religion-wise distribution of population:
Hindus contribute 86% of the total population and are the largest religious community in the sub
district followed by Muslims which constitute 11% of the total population and Sikhs are the third
largest religious community here with 2% population.. Sex ratio in Hindus are 904 in Muslims
are 958 and in Sikhs are 880. Religion wise and Caste wise distribution of population is shown in
Fig. 3.15 and Fig. 3.16 respectively
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Fig. 3.15 Religion wise Population -Nahan
Fig. 3.16 Caste Wise Population -Nahan
Source: indikosh.com
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3.11.4 Growth of Population:
Population of the sub district has increased by 16.9% in last 10 years. In 2001 census total
population here were about 72 thousand. Female population growth rate of the sub district is
19.5% which is 4.9% higher than male population growth rate of 14.6%. General caste
population has increased by 13.8%; Schedule caste population has increased by 19.7%; Schedule
Tribe population has increased by 36.8% and child population has increased by 12% in the sub
district since last census.
Fig. 3.17 Growth of Population 2001-2011- Nahan
Source: indikosh.com
Growth of population (percent) 2001-2011-Nahan
Total General Schedule
Caste
Schedule
Tribe
Child
Total 16.9% 13.8% 19.7% 36.8% 12%
Male 14.6% 10.8% 18.9% 36.5% 11.3%
Female 19.5% 17.3% 20.6% 37.1% 12.8%
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3.11.5 Sex Ratio- Females per 1000 Male
As of 2011 census there are 909 females per 1000 male in the sub district. Sex ratio in general
caste is 897, in schedule caste is 946 and in schedule tribe is 886. There are 893 girls under 6
years of age per 1000 boys of the same age in the sub district. Overall sex ratio in the sub district
has increased by 37 females per 1000 male during the years from 2001 to 2011. Child sex ratio
here has increased by 12 girls per 1000 boys during the same time.
Source: indikosh.com
3.11.6 Literacy
Total about 62 thousand people in the sub district are literate, among them about 35 thousand are
male and about 28 thousand are female. Literacy rate (children under 6 are excluded) of Nahan is
85%. 90% of male and 78% of female population are literate here. Overall literacy rate in the sub
district has increased by 6%. Male literacy has gone up by 4% and female literacy rate has gone
up by 8%.
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Source: indikosh.com
3.11.7 Economic/ Industrial Base
Nahan has 41% (about 35 thousand) population engaged in either main or marginal works. 55%
male and 26% female population are working population. 46% of total male population are main
(full time) workers and 10% are marginal (part time) workers. For women 15% of total female
population are main and 10% are marginal workers.
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3.11.8 Socio-economic Survey:
In order to access and evaluate likely impacts arising out of any development projects on socio
economic environment, it is necessary to gauge the apprehensions of the people in the study
areas.
3.11.9 Methodology applied for selection of sample & data collection
The methodology which is applied for primary source of data collection i.e. gathering data
through field survey for socio- economic environment is depicted below:
A. Sampling Method
A judgmental and purposive sampling method was used for choosing respondents of various
sections of the society i.e. Sarpanch, Adult Males and Females, Teachers, Medical Practitioners,
Businessmen, Agriculture labourers, Unemployed Group etc. Judgmental and purposive
sampling methods were adopted to assess the total population that helps to fulfill the purpose of
research needs.
B. Data Collection Method
For the process of data collection through primary source certain methods were used, amongst
that are:
i. Field Survey and Observations
Field survey and observations were made in nearby sampling village and the socioeconomic
status of that region was studied. Visits are made at Health Centers, Schools, Gurudwaras,
Panchayat office etc.
ii. Interview Method
Structured interview method was used to collect data regarding the awareness and opinion from
the samples selected of the various socio- economic sections of the community. Structured
interviews involve the use of a set of predetermined projected questions that includes fixed and
alternative questions. The questionnaire mainly highlights the parameters such as income,
employment and working conditions, housing, food, water supply, sanitation, health, energy,
transportation and communication, education, environment and pollution to assess the standard
of living of that particular region and general awareness, opinion and expectation of the
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respondents about the proposed project. Interview method helps to collect more correct and
accurate information as the interviewer is present during the field survey.
Socio- economic survey was conducted in nearby villages of the project area.
The salient observations recorded during socio economic survey in the study areas are below:
➢ Livelihood of the villagers is primarily based on agriculture sector. Majority of main
workforce are engaged as cultivators or agriculture labourers.
➢ Majority of workers are practicing farming activities without any irrigation source, it
means that area under irrigation is very low and maximum area is covered by unirrigated
land.
➢ Most of the villages have Primary School (PS) while in some villages it is extended up to
Middle School (MS). For higher education reputed educational institutes are available in
20-25 Km stretch area.
➢ The main source of drinking water supply is through hand pumps and bore wells in
addition to govt. water supply schemes.
➢ The Government medical facilities in the form of primary health sub- centre and private
medical practitioners are available in the villages. Villagers expressed satisfactory
opinion regarding the facilities available at the centre. ANM (Auxiliary Nurse Midwife)
frequently visits all the villages and regular vaccination and health checkups camps are
organized by the health centre.
➢ Two wheelers, auto rickshaws & bus facility are the main mode of transportation used by
natives in the study area.
➢ Power supply is available in all the villages in study area. LPG is a main fuel used for
cooking purpose. Availability Post office and banking facilities exists the surveyed
villages.
➢ Majority of surveyed population opined positive regarding the proposed project as most
of the local population will be given preference in employment and the activity will help
in development of auxiliary as well as ancillary facilities units.
➢ The people were optimistic about the employment opportunities in govt sectors and
welfare schemes to be implemented by the state govt.
➢ The agricultural operations in the study area were mostly mechanised. Manual work if
any is given to locals.
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➢ The local govt schemes easy such that pavement of streets etc in the villagers are
executed by MNREGA workers from the villages.
➢ There was complete communal harmony and none reported violation of human rights.
3.12 Traffic Study
Traffic & transportation is very good as an inevitable function of land use planning. Urban
transport is an integral part of urban planning because apart from defining the form of a town, the
smooth functioning and productivity of any urban centre clearly hinges on the efficacy of traffic
& transportation system. Since roads and streets or transport network are equated with
arteries/veins of human body whereas traffic on roads/streets is comparable to blood flowing, so
any blockage/ obstruction in this system acts like clot in the blood invariably leading to
numerous complications.
The movement of vehicles will increase the traffic density of the area. However, the proximity of
NH-72 will alleviate possible congression problems.
Traffic Analysis:
The material will be received and dispatched in the trucks/ tractors only. The National highway
72 which is at a distance of 1.0 Km from the industrial premises will be mainly used as the
transportation route.
Traffic study on 24 hourly basis has been conducted both for the village road and the NH-72.
TRILOKPUR (VILLAGE ROAD) to NH-72 ROAD - TRAFFIC STUDY
S.No. Vehicles Eq.PCU Number PCU
1. Cars 1 25 25
2. Motor-cycle/Scooter 0.5 50 25
3. Truck 3 60 180
4. Truck-tractor 4.5 20 90
5. Tractor 1.5 20 30
6. Auto-Rickshaw 2 26 52
7. Total PCU/day 402
NH-72 TRAFFIC STUDY
S.No. Vehicles Eq.PCU Number PCU
1. Cars 1 410 410
2. Motor-cycle/Scooter 0.5 400 200
3. Truck 3 300 900
4. Truck-tractor 4.5 80 360
5. Tractor 1.5 108 162
6. Auto-Rickshaw 2 90 180
7. Total PCU/day 2212
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Existing Traffic Scenario & LoS
Road V C V/C ratio LOS
Trilokpur road 402 1800 0.22 Very Good
NH-72 2212 11,000 0.20 Excellent
Source: Capacity as per IRC-64-1990
V= Vol. of vehicle in PCU/Day,
C= Capacity of road in PCU/Day
The existing level of service (LoS) on the village road & NH-72 are ‘Very Good’ and ‘Excellent’
respectively.
Reference table for V/C & LoS
V/C LoS Performance
0.0-0.2 A Excellent
0.2-0.4 B Very Good
0.4-0.6 C Good/Average/Fair
0.6-0.8 D Poor
0.8-1.0 E Very Poor
During Operation,
Average yearly material (RM & Products) involved = 1,32,930 Ton
Working day = 350
Proposed transportation/day – 379.8 Ton
Capacity of truck = 20 Ton
No. of trips per day = 2
No. of vehicles per day = 9-10
Modified traffic scenario and LoS
Road V C V/C ratio LOS
Trilokpur road 432 1800 0.24 Very Good
NH-72 2242 11,000 0.20 Excellent
Conclusion:
From the above traffic study it is inferred that there will not be much increase of traffic load on
the existing roads. Therefore, the additional load on the carrying capacity of existing road
network is not likely to have significant impact on the LoS.
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Traffic Management:
The Project proponent is committed to take care of traffic chaos due to proposed expansion. The
following measures will be taken:
i. The entry and outgoing of vehicles will be staggered
ii. The drivers will be advised to park the vehicles not at their will.
iii. Suitable parking will be provided within the unit.
iv. In case of need additional land on lease will be taken.
3.13 Slag Analysis
The furnace slag from the operating unit has been analyzed as per CPCB methods and the Table
3.20 given below shows the results of slag analysis.
Table: 3.20
Slag Analysis
S. No Parameters Result (mg/kg)
1 Cu 6
2 Cr 9
3 Ni 5
4 Pb 9
5 Mn 22
6 Zn 8
7 Hg < 0.05
8 Cd 5.0
9 Sr 9
10 Co 6.4
11 As <0.1
A perusal of above analytical values reveals that the presence of heavy metals as highly stable
oxides is within the acceptable limits. Moreover slag is not characterized as HW under the HWM
rules. Columns leachate study of slag has also been done as per CPCB methods for metals that
leachate out from materials and the same has been found <0. 1 mg/kg (The limits prescribed by
USEPA) and therefore passes the TCLP test.
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CHAPTER 4.0
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 GENERAL
Prediction of impacts is the most important component in the Environmental Impact Assessment
studies. Several scientific techniques and methodologies are available to predict impacts of
developmental activities on physical, ecological and socio-economic environments. Such
predictions are superimposed over the baseline (pre-project) status of environmental quality to
derive the ultimate (post-project) scenario of environmental conditions. The prediction of
impacts helps to minimize the adverse impacts on environmental quality during pre and post
project execution. Generally, the environmental impacts can be categorized as either primary or
secondary. Primary impacts are those, which are attributed directly by the project and secondary
impacts are those, which are indirectly induced and typically include the associated investment
and changed patterns of social and economic activities by the proposed actions.
The primary function of an environmental impact assessment is to assertion the potential impacts
of project on environmental components such as air, water, noise, soil, flora, fauna, land and
socio-economic and their magnitude during construction and operation for adoption of
satisfactory mitigation measure.
The Impacts of project are divided into two categories i.e. impacts of a project during
construction phase and impacts during operation phase. Major project impacts will occur during
operation phase as construction work will be done in staggered manner within a small area and
for short degradation
Environmental parameters considered for impact analysis are:-
1. Landform and Topography
2. Air Environment
3. Water Environment
4. Noise Environment
5. Biological Environment
6. Socioeconomic Environment
4.2 CONSTRUCTION PHASE IMPACTS
Construction phase will include the excavation, laying of buildings and machineries.
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As the Construction process will occur under existing shed and small area there is a limited
chance of any major impact especially outside the industrial premises. Expected impacts and
mitigation measures are with respect to parameter of impact of the project on various
environmental factors as existing in the project area which possibly could be affected both
adversely and beneficially have been identified & assessed as under.
(i) Ambient Air
(ii) Water Quality
(iii) Noise
(iv) Land use pattern
(v) Demography and socio-economic pattern.
4.2.1 Air Environment
During construction phase, the pollutant generated will be for short duration and localized in
nature and affects only the nearby area due to which impact on the natural resources will be
insignificant.
Activity Impact Mitigation
- Excavation
- Loading/
Unloading of
raw material
- Movement of
vehicles
Indoor Air Pollution:
Due to fugitive
emissions resulting in
health implications.
Exhaust fan and suction hood will
be provided to control fugitive dust.
Regular sprinkling of water at raw
material handling yard.
Operation of
i. DG set
Particulate and gaseous
emission in addition to
noise.
Proper stack height as per the
CPCB guidelines and canopy will
be provided.
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4.2.2 Water Environment
SOURCE IMPACT MITIGATION MAEASURES
i) Stagnated
wastewater.
Groundwater
contamination
Wastewater will not be allowed to
stagnate and the surrounding of tube-well
will be sealed off from the exterior by
grouting with cement mortar to avoid any
seepage of wastewater along the boundary
of bore well.
ii) Toilet wastewater. Existing toilet facilities will be used by
labors and the toilet wastewater will be
treated through septic tank and finally
used for plantation work.
i) Domestic & Surface
runoff
Contamination of water
present in nearby
agricultural fields.
Domestic water will be treated in the
septic tank. Rainwater harvesting is used
to trap rainwater. No waste water will be
discharged outside.
4.2.3 Noise Environment
Some noise may be expected from the working of the machinery for construction purpose and
movement of vehicles. Steps will be taken to reduce its effect by resorting to staggering of
various operations. Even otherwise there will not be any large scale machinery; the activity is
not likely to have any significant effect on the overall noise environment.
SOURCE IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
Construction machinery and
vehicular activity
Irritation to people living
nearby due to noise.
No construction work and vehicular
movement will be allowed during night
time.
DG sets
Hearing related problems to
workers due to long term
exposure to high noise
levels.
DG set will be provided with canopy.
Proper PPE like ear muffs/ear plug will be
provided to workers.
4.2.4 Land Environment
With land development and leveling, the site may have better landscape. However, this is
restricted only to the factory boundary and within factory shed. It will be replacement of existing
machinery. Hence there will be no change in land use pattern or soil quality.
Construction activities for the proposed development will have minor impact on hydrology and
ground water quality of the area. Potential sources of impacts on the hydrology and ground water
quality during the construction phase are as follows:
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➢ Soil runoff from the site leading to off-site contamination (particularly during rainy
season).
➢ Improper disposal of construction debris leading to off-site contamination of water
resources.
➢ Spillage of oil and grease from the vehicles and waste water generated on site activities
such as vehicles washing, workshop etc.
Following precautions and preventive measure will be taken at the site during construction to
avoid any ground and surface water contamination.
➢ Not allowing water to leave the construction site.
➢ Disposal of construction debris in designated areas and reusing it.
➢ Construction of storm water diversion channels to divert storm runoff from flowing over
the construction areas.
➢ Installing oil and grease traps in construction workshop and vehicle parking areas.
➢ Due to civil construction activities, during rainy season the surface run off may contain
more of eroded soil and other loose matter. Construction activities will be avoided during
rainy days to mitigate the small impacts on soil quality caused due to construction
activity.
➢ With segregation of construction area and proper drainages provided prevents the
contamination of water due to soil erosion.
➢ Discharge of untreated or inadequately treated wastewater to canals and drains with
resulting effects on water quality and potential adverse effects on crops and human health
will be avoided.
➢ Disposal of solid waste, particularly that containing toxic or otherwise harmful
compounds with resulting detrimental effects on amenity, water quality and land quality,
and potential adverse effects on crops and human health will not be produced.
The land at site is fairly level as it is a running plant, as such no leveling is required. No
additional land required for expansion. In view of this no deterioration of the existing conditions
will occur. Natural drainage will not be disturbed. Solid waste from construction activities will
be used within the premises under roads & refilling. The area being very small there will not be
any significant impact on land.
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SOURCE IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
Rainfall Flooding and siltation
problem
Culverts, wherever necessary will be
provided to the surface run off to direct
its natural drainage.
Surface runoff during rainy
days.
Flooding and siltation
problem outside industrial
premises.
Culverts provided wherever necessary.
Construction activities Visual Aesthetics As the construction will occur in
industrial premises and in small area
there will be no impact on visual
aesthetics.
Greenbelt development will improve the
aesthetics of industry.
4.2.5 Demography & Socio Economic Pattern
The project does not involve any displacement of population or rehabilitation of any kind within
study area. Rather it will provide employment to local people in the shape of additional man
power required for the units, & will boost the economy of the area. It will have some positive
impact, although not to a large extent.
4.2.6 Ecological Environment
SOURCE IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
Cutting of trees and
shrubs.
Reduction in flora No tree will be cut as the construction site
is already prepared and existing. Green
belt is developed which will improve
quality of surrounding nature.
Cutting of trees and
generation of noise and
vibration from
construction machinery.
Migration of animals
and birds from
construction site.
No tree will cut during construction
activity. Green belt development will
improve the habitat of birds and small
animals. There are no wild animal present
near the construction site. The animals
and birds present near the construction
site are already adapted to existing
surroundings. However proper care will
be taken to ensure their existence and well
being.
Already being a heavily industrialized zone, the project area and its buffer as demarcated, has
little value in terms of terrestrial and aquatic biodiversity and their conservation. The faunal and
floral diversity observed during the field survey does not claim considerable attention as most of
the species observed are common throughout the region and no RET species or endemic species
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were present. The area also does not possess the capacity to support such ecologically important
species and their conservation. The impact of the project activities thus is understood to be
negligible on the biological environment which is already disturbed and diminished because of
previous industrial activities. As a measure to minimize the prevailing and forthcoming
environmental impacts due to industrial pollution and activities, it is planned to increase green
areas through plantations in the available lands so that the local faunal and floral biodiversity
may increase.
4.3 OPERATIONAL STAGE: - (LONG TERM)
The main source of pollution during operation will be the two new induction furnaces of 15 ton
capacity each. The melting of scrap at high temperature generates gases and particulate matter.
i) Ambient Air Environment
During operating stage of the industry the main source of pollution will be through scrap
melting inside the Induction furnace, I.F will produce emissions which will be routed through
side suction hood, spark arrestor, ID Fan and bag filters before released into atmosphere. As the
furnace is based on Induction, heating and no fossil fuel is used, there will therefore be no
emission on this count.
Air modeling is done to obtain the ground level concentration of PM, SO2 and NOx.
SOURCE IMPACT MITIGATION
Transport vehicles
DG sets
Induction Furnace
Increase in PM &
gaseous concentration
in air.
i) PUC Certified Vehicles will be
used for raw material
transportation.
ii) Bag filters are/will be provided
to trap the maximum amount of
PM. APCS will be operated and
monitored as per CPCB
guidelines.
iii) DG Set provided with
acoustic enclosure.
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Fugitive emissions
from furnace.
Fugitive emissions
during transportation
and processing of
heated metal.
Dust generation
during scrap
handling.
Indoor air Quality. i) Side suction hood will be
provided
iii) Scrap metal will be cleaned/
shredded and cut before melting.
Air Pollution Impact Prediction through Modeling
• Aermod Cloud
AERMOD is an air dispersion-modeling package, which seamlessly incorporates the popular
USEPA Models, ISCST3, ISC-PRIME and AERMOD into one interface without any
modifications to the models. These models are used extensively to assess pollution concentration
and deposition from a wide variety of sources.
• Aermod Model
The AMS/EPA REGULATORY MODEL (AERMOD) was specially designed to support the
Environmental Regulatory Modeling Programs. AERMOD is a regulatory steady – state
modeling system with three separate components;
• AERMOD (AERMIC Dispersion Model);
• AERMAP (AERMOD Terrain Preprocessor); and
• AERMET (AERMOD) Meteorological Preprocessor.
The AERMOD model includes a wide range of options for modeling air quality impacts of
pollution sources, making it popular choice among the modeling community for a variety of
applications. AERMOD requires two types of meteorological data files, a file containing surface
scalar parameters and a file containing vertical profiles. These two files are provided by
AERMET meteorological preprocessor program.
o PRIME building downwash algorithms based on the ISC – PRIME model have been
added to the AERMOD model;
o Use of arrays for data storage;
o Incorporation of EVENT processing for analyzing short-term source culpability;
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o Explicit treatment of multiple – year meteorological data files and the annual average;
and
▪ Options to specify emissions that vary by season, hour-of-day and day-of-week.
Deposition algorithms have been implemented in the AERMOD model – results can be output
for concentration, total deposition flux, dry deposition flux, and / or wet deposition flux. The
model contains algorithms for modeling the effects of settling and removal of large articulates
and for modeling the effects of precipitation scavenging for gases or particulates.
• Aermet
In order to conduct a refined air dispersion modeling project using the AERMOD short term air
quality dispersion model, it is necessary to process the meteorological data representative of the
study area being modeled. The collected meteorological data is not always in the format
supported by the model; therefore the meteorological data needs to be pre-processed using
AERMET program.
The AERMET program is a meteorological preprocessor, which prepares hourly surface data and
upper air data for use in the AERMOD air quality dispersion model. AERMET is designed to
allow future enhancements to process other types of data and to compute boundary layer
parameters with different algorithms. AERMET processes meteorological data in three stages
and from this process two files are generated for use with the AERMOD model. A surface file of
hourly boundary layer parameters estimates a profile file of multiple-level observations of wind
speed, wind direction, temperature and standard deviation of the fluctuating wind components.
• Application of AERMOD
AERMOD model with the following options has been employed to predict the cumulative
ground level concentrations due to emissions from the proposed activity.
• All terrain dispersion parameters are considered;
• Predictions have been carried out to estimate concentration values over radial distance of
10 km around the project area;
• Uniform polar receptor network has been considered;
• Emission rates from the sources were considered as constant during the entire period;
• The ground level concentrations computed without any consideration of decay
coefficient;
• Calm winds recorded during the study period were also taken into consideration;
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• 24 hourly mean ground level concentrations were estimated using the entire
meteorological data collected during the study period; and
• The study area is used to represent the graphical output of the GLC’s using the terrain
processor.
Meteorological Data
The hourly meteorological data recorded at site is converted to the mean hourly meteorological
data as specified by CPCB and the same has been used in the model. Hourly mixing heights are
taken from the “Atlas of Hourly Mixing Height and Assimilative Capacity of Atmosphere in
India” published by India meteorological department, 2008, New Delhi. The meteorological data
recorded during study period continuously on wind speed, wind direction, temperature etc., have
been processed to extract the data required for simulation by AERMOD using AERMET.
Dispersion Modeling Results
The 24 hourly average ground level concentration (GLC) values from proposed project have
been computed for PM considering topographical featured around the proposed project and
applicable stability classes. Input data for air quality modeling is given in Table 4.1. The
predicted 24 hourly short terms Maximum Incremental Concentration values for PM10 from the
proposed project are given in Table- 4.2.
Table 4.1 Input data for Air Quality Modeling
S. No. Items Value
1. Stack height 30 m
2. Stack diameter 0.75 m
3. Temperature of stack gas 132°C
4. Velocity of gases 17.2 m/s
5. PM concentration 50 mg/Nm3
6. Emission rate 0.31 g/s
Table-4.2
Predicted 24 hourly short terms Maximum Incremental Concentrations
Pollutants Maximum GLC in
µg/m3
Baseline
concentration in
µg/m3
Baseline Concentration after
project implementation in
µg/m3
PM10 1.5 85.9 87.4
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Modeling Results and Predicted GLC’s of the proposed project:
During the modeling-dry deposition, wet deposition, rain washout has not been considered.
Since, the APCS will be operated and maintained as per SOP, the actual incremental GLC after
unit operation shall be less than the predicted incremental concentration.
It is therefore seen that the maximum predicted GLC for 24 hourly average concentration after
the proposed expansion at site shall be 1.5 ug/m3. The maximum predicted concentration of PM10
after unit operation will be 87.4 ug/m3 which is below the prescribed standard of 100ug/m3. The
areas located in the downward of project site will be impacted through not significantly and the
concentration at all other location will be below NAAQS.
ii) Water Environment
SOURCE IMPACT MITIGATION
Leaching of domestic
and industrial waste
water.
Groundwater
contamination
After expansion domestic waste
generation will be 11.2 KLD
which will be treated through
sewage treatment plant.
The storage tank and pipelines
will be properly maintained to
avoid any leakages.
Domestic waste water. Surface water
contamination.
All the pipelines carrying
domestic water will be checked
regularly for leakages.
Increase in water
drawl through tube
well for domestic and
industrial purposes.
Effect on ground water
level.
Groundwater will be recharged
through rainwater harvesting.
iii) Noise Environment
There will be no noise producing machinery or equipment except D.G. sets which will be placed
in acoustically sound proof room causing least disturbance in the area. There is no likelihood of
change in noise environment.
iv) Land Environment
No additional land has been acquired for the unit. The machinery will be installed on the
acquired land. There will be no adverse effect on the land environment with the coming up of the
unit.
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SOURCE IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES
Rainfall. Flooding and siltation
problem inside
industrial premises.
To avoid any change in slope and drainage
pattern, transport activity will not be
allowed on muddy or wet area
Surface runoff water
during rainy days.
Flooding and siltation
problem outside
industrial premises.
Care will be taken to avoid change in
existing drainage pattern and culverts
wherever necessary will be provided to
divert the water to natural drainage.
v) Socio Economic
Social aspects can be defined as the consequences to people of any proposed action that changes
the way they live, work, relate to one another, organize themselves and function as individuals
and members of society. This includes social-psychological changes, for example to people’s
values, attitudes and perceptions of themselves and their community and environment.
Sometimes impact on people can be by far the most important consideration. Adverse social
impacts can reduce the intended benefits of a proposal, and can threaten its viability if they are
severe enough.
Broadly social and economic aspects could be as under:-
1 Individual Life Style – These are ways people behave & relate to family, friends & cohorts
on day to day basis.
2 Community aspects- These are infrastructure, services, voluntary organizations, activity
networks and cohesion.
3 Health aspects- These include mental, physical and social well being of the persons in
general
4 Rehabilitation and Resettlement- These include displacement of families beyond defined
thresholds. There is no rehabilitation and resettlement of people involve in the project.
vi) Soil Environment
SOURCE IMPACT MITIGATION
Solid waste
Liquid waste
Dust from Scrap
Soil contamination i) Around 10 ton of slag will be
generated daily which will be used in
road making and filling low lying
area/ concrete blocks and PM
collected in bag filters will be
disposed to certified waste handler
(TSDF).
ii) Sprinkling of water will be done on
the scrap material to avoid dust
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generation and direct contact of scrap
with the soil will be avoided.
Particulate matter from
Stack emission
Particulate matter
when settles down on
agricultural fields, can
reduce its holding,
porosity and water and
mineral Soaking
capacity and hence its
fertility.
Proper stack height is provided to
Disperse the PM in air properly.
Bag filters are provided to trap the
maximum amount of PM.
4.4 Occupational Safety and Health
During construction phase, work force may be exposed to variety of physical hazards depending
upon the specific work function. The most significant occupational hazards may include fall
from height, carrying heavy loads, accidents due to malfunctioning of machinery and falling
objects from height etc.
4.4.1General Safety Measures
➢ Standard methods and machinery is being used.
➢ Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is mandatory.
➢ Elevated platforms and walkways, and stairways and ramps are equipped with handrails, toe
boards and non-slip surfaces.
➢ Electrical equipment will be grounded, well insulated and conform to applicable codes.
➢ Employees will be provided with hard hats, safety boots, eye and ear protection, and snug
fitting gloves as appropriate.
➢ Masks and dust-proof clothing will be provided to personnel working in areas with high dust
levels.
4.4.2 General Health Measures
➢ Sanitation facilities are well equipped with supplies (e.g., protective creams) and employees
are being encouraged to wash frequently, particularly those exposed to dust.
➢ Ventilation systems have been provided to control work area temperatures and humidity;
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➢ Pre-employment and periodic medical examinations are being conducted for all personnel,
and specific surveillance programs instituted for personnel potentially exposed to health
hazards.
4.4.3 Occupational Health Monitoring
At the time of placement each worker is medically examined by a qualified doctor to ascertain
his physical fitness for specific job. During the course of employment, the workers are examined
for such parameters as
Chest X-ray
Vision
Audiometry
Spirometry
ECG
The examination is conducted once in six months in the occupational health centre by a part time
factory medical officer, to evaluate the affect of exposure. The medical examination records are
maintained and made available to workers also as well as inspectorate of factories. The records
are maintained in the following format.
Name of Employee
Age
Dept
General physical condition
Eye sight
Color recognition
ECG
Chest x -ray
Audiometery
spirometery
Any Other observation
Suitability for work
Remark: In my opinion, the above employee is fit /unfit for the work in the manufacturing
process operations in steel manufacturing unit.
Signature of Doctor
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4.4.4 Occupational Audit, Frequency, Review and Corrective action
Occupational audit is conducted once in a year and self certification as introduced by Directorate
of HP. However, statutory compliance certified by external agencies is employed
4.4.5 Corrective Measures
As a follow up of audit by external agencies, corrective actions are taken against major and
minor non-conformances. A major conformance results from absence of documented and
implementation process or absence of process, minor conformance results from partially
documented and implementation process. An action plan is chalked, detailing the action to be
taken to address any identified non conformance by including the responsibility for personal and
subsequent completion dates. The action is taken within 30 days of receiving the audit report.
CONCLUSION
It can be seen from the assessment of impacts that the proposed construction and operation of
unit will not have any significant impact on the surrounding environment. Proper arrangements
for collection and treatment of effluents and supply of water are unlikely to affect water
environment adversely. Proper pollution control measures proposed for furnaces and disposal of
hazardous waste would ensure that air, water, solid waste and noise environment do not have any
adverse impact. It is concluded that with the adoption of appropriate mitigation and
enhancement measures, there will be improvement in the development of commercial
activities, generation of direct and indirect employment opportunities and the overall
quality of life in the surrounding area.
4.5 Impacts on Biological Environment:
The terrestrial ecology may be impacted both due to gaseous emission and the particulates . The
particulates and the gases e.g. SO2, NOX in the air interfere with the photosynthetic activity
which in turn affect the plant growth. Dust specially fine particulates clog the stomata operation
leading to reduction in chlorophyll contents. However, as seen from the modeling results, the
concentration of particulates and gases will remain within the prescribed standards even after the
expansion will be carried out within the existing premises with adequate environmental
safeguards. No significant impact is foreseen on the terrestrial ecology.
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Since, the construction and operation is limited to small area and construction will be carried out
in a short span alongside greenery development. Micro flora and fauna at site not likely to be
significantly impacted. Further as no environmental sensitive area located in the study area and
no rare, endangered, endemic and threatened species of flora and fauna are present in the study
area there will not be any impact on this account.
The only likely impact will be due to vehicular movement which will be restricted during night
to avoid adverse impact on birds and animals. There will be no discharge of solid or liquid waste
to environment. The proposed 33% Green belt in the industrial premises will further improve the
environment. Hence, there will not be significant impact on flora and fauna.
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CHAPTER - 5.0
ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES
5.1 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE SITES FOR LOCATION OF PROPOSED EXPANSION
Since the proposed expansion is being carried out in existing premises, it is viable on account of
the following: The land area of 4.77 acres is already under the possession of promoters and is
sufficient to carry out proposed expansion.
➢ No forest land is involved.
➢ The site has easy access to raw material, road, rail connectivity and market.
➢ Power connectivity from HPPCL. The total 15000 KW Power Grid is viable to meet the
requirement of continuous power supply due to proposed expansion and there shall not be
any impacts on the surrounding consumers.
➢ Water Requirement from own tube well already existing in the premises.
➢ Manpower availability from nearby areas.
➢ No resettlement and rehabilitation issues.
➢ Absence of areas of archeological and historical importance within 5 km radius.
Based on the above criterion, proposed site is conducive to undertake expansion.
5.2 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE FOR TECHNOLOGY SELECTION
While selecting the technology, promoters have duly considered all aspects like environmental
pollution, energy conservation, higher productivity and competing cost aspect such as continuous
casting. The proposed expansion involves the replacement of existing I.F with furnace of higher
capacity which has been considered technologically best on account of the following: Optimized
consistency;
• Consisting in quality issues.
• Quick start up, production rate can be customized.
• Since, in I.F no direct contact with flame or heating elements is involved. The product
quality is improved.
• Site specific heat is supplied to the small area without heating any other part thereby
insuring extended life of fixtures
• Induction heating does not burn traditional fossils fuel. The system is environment
friendly.
• Reduced energy consumption thereby reduced utility bills.
• No warm up or cool down cycle is required.
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5.3 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION \
Based on the analysis of alternatives site and technology, the undertaking of expansion at the
existing site is justified.
5.4 GREEN BELT DEVELOPMENT AND SELECTION OF PLANTS
Being living organism, different plants have varied tolerance towards air pollutants. It is
therefore in the fitness of things to plant known pollutant sensitive species along with tolerant
species while developing a green belt. In addition, the green belt improves the aesthetic
environment of the area and the habitat for birds and animals. The main consideration has been/
will be absorption of gases and removal of dust particles.
For removal of particulates: The plants will have
➢ Adequate height and spreading crowns
➢ Roughness of bark
➢ Abundant auxiliary hairs
➢ Protected stomata
For removal of gases: The main consideration will be
➢ Tolerance towards the specific pollutants
➢ Long and broad laminar surface
➢ Longer duration of foliage
➢ Adequate height of crown
These species will be selected in consultation with local forest and agricultural department
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CHAPTER -6
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
6.0 Prelude
Assessment of environmental and social impacts arising due to implementation of the proposed
project activities is at the technical heart of EIA process. An equally essential element of this
process is to develop measures to eliminate, offset or reduce impacts to acceptable levels during
implementation and operation of projects. The integration of such measures into project
implementation and operation is supported by clearly defining the environmental requirements
within an Environmental Management Plan (EMP).
6.1 Environment Monitoring Program
The Continuous monitoring of Environmental parameters like air, water, noise, soil, and
meteorological data and performance of pollution control facilities and safety measures in the
plant are vital for Environmental management of any industrial project.
Therefore, the company shall create environmental monitoring facilities by the environmental
and safety department to monitor air and water pollutants as per the guideline. Moreover, air,
noise, drinking water, STP and soil shall be monitored by outside agencies authorized by
Pollution Control Board at regular frequencies. This department shall also carry out periodic
check of fire and safety equipment.
6.2 Objective of Monitoring Plan
The basic objective of implementing a monitoring plan on a regular basis is as follows:
➢ Know the pollution status within the plant and its vicinity. Generate data for corrective
action in respect of pollution
➢ Examine the efficacy of pollution control system
➢ Assess the Environmental impacts
6.3 Schedules for Environment Monitoring
As no project can succeed unless it is monitored at regular intervals & results analyzed. Keeping
this requirement in view an elaborate Monitoring programme has been developed for this project.
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Regular monitoring of all significant environmental parameters will be carried out to check the
compliance status vis-à-vis the environmental laws and regulations.
The objectives of the monitoring will be as follows:
➢ To verify the results of the Impact Assessment Study with respect to the proposed projects.
➢ To study the trend of concentrated values of the parameters, which have been identified as
critical and then planning the mitigating measures.
➢ To check and assess the efficacy of pollution control equipment.
➢ To ensure that any additional parameters, other than those identified in the impact, do not
turn critical after the commissioning of proposed project.
A comprehensive Environmental Monitoring Program that has been prepared for the
purpose of implementation in the proposed Industrial unit is given below:
➢ Identification of any environmental problems that are occurring in the area.
➢ Initiating or providing solution to those problems through designated channels and
verification of the implementation status.
➢ Controlling activities inside the project, until the environmental problem has been corrected.
➢ Suitably responding to emergency situations.
To implement the EMP, a structured Environment Management Cell (EMC) interwoven with the
existing management system will be created. EMC will undertake regular monitoring of the
environment and conduct yearly audit of the environmental performance during the construction
of the project. It will also check that the stipulated measures are being satisfactorily implemented
and operated. It shall also co-ordinate with local authorities to see that all environmental
measures are well coordinated. EMC detail is provided at Chapter- 10.
6.4 Environmental Monitoring during Construction Phase
The environmental monitoring cell of the construction team will be coordinating all the
monitoring programs during the construction phase of the proposed expansion project. The
proposed monitoring schedule during the construction phase of the project is outlined in Table
6.1
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Table- 6.1
Environmental Monitoring Program for Construction Phase
Source Monitoring Location Parameters to be
Monitored Frequency
Ambient Air
Quality
Two locations: upwind
direction and
downwind direction
PM2.5, PM10.
SO2, NOx and CO
Twice a year
Ambient Noise Two locations Day & Night
Equivalent Noise Level Twice a year
Groundwater One location As per standards Twice a year
Soil Quality 2 location outside the
project site As per standards Twice a year
DG Stack
Monitoring
DG sets used during
the construction
Particulate Matter, SO2,
NOx Twice a year
6.5 Environmental Monitoring during Operation Phase
The environmental monitoring cell will co-ordinate all the monitoring programs at the industry
and data thus generated will be regularly furnished to the State Regulatory Agencies. The
proposed monitoring schedule during the construction phase of the project is outlined in Table
6.2.
Table-6.2
Environmental Monitoring Program for Operation Phase
Source Monitoring Location Parameters to
be Monitored Frequency
Furnace
Emissions Stack attached to APCD
PM, SO2, NOx and
CO
Twice a year or as per
conditions of EC/
requirement of SPCB
Furnace slag
Storage of slag
Na2O, MgO, Al2O3,
SiO2, CaO, TiO2,
MnO Once a year
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Ambient Air
Quality
At 2 locations (one inside
the project site & one at
boundary of the project
site along predominant
wind direction)
PM10, PM2.5, SO2,
NOx & CO
Twice a year or as per
conditions of EC /
requirement of SPCB
Ambient
Noise
At 2 locations (one inside
the project site & one at
boundary of the project
site)
Day & Night
Equivalent Noise
Level
Twice a year or as per
conditions of EC /
requirement of SPCB
Occupational
Health and
Safety
Continuous database
management of causalities
General Health
aspects Yearly
DG Stack
Monitoring
DG sets used during the
construction
Particulate Matter,
SO2, NOx
Twice a year or as per
conditions of EC
6.5.1 Plantation
Plant growth, its maintenance and survival rate will be monitored. Suggestion of Horticulturist
will be taken for this purpose.
6.5.2 Budget allocation for Monitoring
To maintain the environmental parameters within the stipulated standards, regular monitoring of
various environmental components is necessary which will complied as per conditions. Cost of
monitoring of environmental parameters for Air, Water, Noise and stack is Rs.5 lakhs and cost
for Occupational health and safety and risk management is Rs. 10 lakh. The total cost of EMP
will be Rs. 90 Lakh.
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CHAPTER -7.0
ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.0 PREAMBLE
In this chapter following issues are described and have been carried out in Trilokpur road, Kala
Amb, Tehsil-Nahan, District-Sirmaur, HP. Public consultation / Public Hearing
➢ PUBLIC CONSULTATION
➢ RISK ASSESSMENT
7.1 PU BLIC CONSULTATION
Draft EIA report has been prepared for the purpose of Public Hearing.
7.2 RISK ASSESSMENT
General
Industrial accidents result in great personal and financial loss. Managing these accidental risks
in today’s environment is the concern of every industry because the real or perceived incidents
can quickly jeopardize the financial viability of a business. Many facilities involve various
manufacturing processes that have the potential for accidents which may be catastrophic to the
plant, work force and environment or public. The main objective of the risk management study
is to propose a comprehensive but simple approach to carry out risk analysis and conducting
feasibility studies for industries including planning and management of industrial prototype
hazard analysis study in the Indian context.
Risk analysis and risk assessment provide details on Quantitative Risk Assessment (QRA)
techniques used the world over to determine risk posed to people who work inside or live near
hazardous facilities and to aid in preparing effective emergency response plans by delineating a
Disaster Management Plan (DMP) to handle on-site and off-site emergencies. Hence, QRA is
an invaluable method for making informed risk based process safety and environmental impact
planning decisions, as well as being fundamental to any facility-sitting decision making. QRA
whether site specific or risk specific for any plant is complex. It needs extensive study that
involves process understanding, hazard identification, consequence modeling, probability date,
vulnerability model/data, local weather, terrain conditions and local population data. QRA may
be carried out to serve the following objectives:
• Identification of safety areas.
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• Identification of hazard sources.
• Generation of accidental release scenarios for escape of hazardous materials from the facility.
• Identification of vulnerable units with recourse to hazard indices.
• Estimation of damage distances for the accidental release scenarios with recourse to
Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) analysis.
• Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP) in order to identify potential failure cases of
significant consequences.
• Estimation of probability of occurrences of hazardous events through fault tree analysis and
computation of reliability of various control paths.
• Assessment of risk on the basis of above evaluation against the risk acceptability criteria
relevant to the situation.
• Risk mitigation measures based on engineering judgment, reliability and risk analysis
approaches.
• Delineation/up-gradation of DMP.
• Safety Reports with external safety report/ occupational safety report.
The Risk Assessment Report covers the following in terms of the extent of damage with
recourse to MCA analysis and delineation of risk mitigation measures with an approach to
DMP
• Hazard identification: Identification of hazardous activities, hazardous materials, past
accident records etc.
• Hazard quantification: Consequence analysis to assess the impacts.
• Risk presentation.
• Risk mitigation measures.
• Disaster Management Plan.
Environmental Risk Evaluation
The existing as well as the proposed expansion does not involve the manufacturing, storage or
handling of any potentially hazardous or toxic chemicals as listed in the MSIHC-Rules 1989 and
its subsequent amendments. However, for managing a risk that concerns human health and the
environment in general, risk analysis (RA) which is the versatile tool has been employed and
best practicable management measures shall be adopted for the plant activities. Most of the
measures shall be incorporated in the design and engineering stage.
Electrical Safety: For existing electrical safety quick response circuit breakers coupled with
electromagnetic protective relayed shall be employed. For low voltage appropriate work, ECCB
shall be installed.
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Fire Prevention: Each shop floor and office shall be provided with fire and smoke detection
alarm and potable fire extinguishers. These will be and above the yard fire hydrant system. In
emergency situation the district fire brigade department and the surrounding industries will also
be involved for which a proper mechanism shall be in place.
Identification of Hazards
Identification of hazards in the proposed plant is of primary significance in the analysis,
quantification and cost effective control of accidents involving materials and process. A
classical definition of hazard stated that hazard is in fact the characteristics of system /plant/
process that presents potential for an accident. Hence, all the components of a system/ plant/
process need to be thoroughly examined to assess their potential for initiating or propagating an
unplanned event/ sequence of events, which can be termed as an accident. The following two
methods for hazards identification have been employed in the study:
• Identification of major hazards based on Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous
Chemicals Rules, 1989 and
• Identification of hazardous units and segments of plants and storage units based on relative
ranking technique, viz. Fire-Explosion and toxicity Index (FE & TI).
Exposure Limits
The exposure limits for 8 hourly work-zone concentrations will be as per Factories Act and will
be complied with.
Hazard Assessment & Evaluation
A preliminary hazard analysis shall be carried out to identify major hazards associated with
storages in the facility. This is followed by consequence analysis to quantify these hazards.
Finally the vulnerable zones are plotted for which risk reducing measures are deduced and
implemented.
Frequent Causes of Accidents
• Fire and explosion, explosives, flammable material.
• Struck by falling objects.
• Snapping of cables, ropes, chains & slings.
• Handling heavy objects.
• Electricity (electrocution).
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• Poor illumination.
• Falls from height inside industrial units or on the ground.
• Struck by moving objects.
• Slipping on wet surfaces.
• Sharp objects.
• Oxygen deficiency in confined spaces.
• Lack of personal protective equipment (PPE), housekeeping practices Safety signs.
• Hackles, hooks & chains.
• Cranes, winches, hoisting and hauling equipment.
Physical Hazards
• Noise.
• Extreme temperatures.
• Vibration.
Hazardous Substances & Wastes
• Heavy and toxic metals.
• Organo metallic substances.
• Lack of hazard communication (storage, labeling, material safety data sheets).
• Fire-fighting liquids.
• Welding fumes.
• Volatile organic compounds (solvents).
• Inhalation in confined and enclosed spaces.
• Physical hazards.
• Noise.
• Extreme temperatures.
• Vibration Radiation.
• (UV, radioactive materials).
Mechanical Hazards
• Trucks and transport vehicles.
• Scaffolding, fixed and portable ladders.
• Impact by tools, sharp-edged tools.
• Power-driven hand tools, saws, grinders and abrasive cutting wheels.
• Failure of machinery and equipment.
• Poor maintenance of machinery and equipment.
• Lack of safety guards in machines.
• Structural failure.
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Ergonomic & Psychosocial Hazards
• Repetitive strain injuries, awkward postures, repetitive & monotonous work,
excessive workload.
• Long working hours, shift work, night work, temporary employment.
• Mental stress, human relations (aggressive behavior, alcohol and drug abuse,
violence).
• Poverty, low wages, minimum age, lack of education and social environment.
General Concerns
• Lack of safety and health training.
• Poor work environment.
• Inadequate housing and sanitation.
• Inadequate accident prevention and inspection.
• Inadequate emergency, first-aid and rescue facilities.
• Lack of medical facilities and social protection.
Possible Hazards & Risks from Secondary Metallurgical Industries
Induction Furnace
• Moist scrap being charged may cause explosion
• Cooling water in contact with molten metal may cause explosion.
• Radioactive scrap being charged liberates extremely harmful radiation
• Explosive material present in scrap may cause explosion.
Continuous Casting Machine
Spillage of molten metal can occur resulting in damage to mechanical and civil structures,
electrical cables and hydraulic equipments.
Prevention and Control of Fire and Explosion
• Operational staff is being and shall be trained for safe work practices.
• Risk assessment to consider the potential impact of explosion in and outside the plant.
• Regular safety audits shall be undertaken
• Refractories shall be preheated and dried before use.
• Scrap will be inspected, shredded and cut to size before put to use.
Nature of Hazards
Equipment/Process Associated Hazard
Induction/ LRF Hot metal spillage/ steam and fire and
explosion
Continuous Casting Machine Hot metal spillage
Rolling Mill Hot metal Spillage
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Electrical rooms Fire and Electrocution
Transformer area Fire and Electrocution
The various process operations, which are having potentially high risk to human exposure and
which have high levels of attention area identified in Table 7.1.
Table-7.1
Possible Risk
S.No. Plant Area Possible Deviation from
normal operation
Likely Causes Consequences
1 Furnace Re-circulating and cooling
water coming in contact
with the molten iron or
slag.
Leakage of water from
the walls Spurting of
metal/ slag.
Explosion under
extreme cases.
Presence of Oil & Grease
and other Impurities in raw
materials.
Negligence in material
inspection
Sudden fire &
explosion.
2 High Power
Transformer
Oil temperature being very
high.
Varying room
Temperatures.
Sudden
flashing of
fire or
bursting. 3 High
Tension
Electrical
Installation
Heavy sparking at the pot
heads and the joints.
Loose joints, cable
cut, burning of fuses,
short circuits etc.
Sparks in the
beginning,
devastating fire if
neglected.
First Aid Measures
Following first aid measures will be taken:
a. Eye Contact: Rinse eyes thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes, including under
lids, to remove all particles. Seek medical attention for abrasions and burns.
b. Skin Contact: Wash with cool water and a pH neutral soap or a milk skin detergent. Seek
medical attention for rash, burns, irritation and dermatitis.
c. Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. Seek medical attention for discomfort or if coughing
or other symptoms.
d. Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. If conscious, have person drink plenty of water. Seek
medical attention.
Exposure Controls & Personal Protection
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Exposure Controls
➢ Control of dust through implementation of good housekeeping and maintenance.
➢ Proper fume and dust extraction system to control fume/dust emission in work zone.
➢ Use of PPE, as appropriate (e.g. masks and respirators).
➢ Use of mobile vacuum cleaning systems to prevent dust buildup on paved areas.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
➢ Respiratory Protection: When the dust level is beyond exposure limits or when dust causes
irritation or discomfort use respirator.
➢ Eye Protection: Wear Safety goggles to avoid dust contact with the eyes. Contact
lenses should not be worn when handling the materials.
➢ Skin Protection: Wear impervious abrasion and alkali resistant gloves, boots, long sleeved
shirt, long pants or other protective clothing to prevent skin contact.
Fire Fighting Facilities
➢ Keeping in view the nature of fire and vulnerability of the equipment and the premises,
following fire protection facilities have been envisaged for the plant.
Hydrant System
➢ Internal hydrants will be provided in all major plant units at suitable locations and in
different levels inside the plant buildings. Internal hydrants will also be provided for
conveyor galleries. Yard hydrants will be provided in the vicinity of each plant unit,
normally along the road to meet the additional requirement of water to extinguish fire.
Portable Fire Extinguishers
➢ All plant units, office buildings, laboratory, welfare buildings, etc. will be provided with
adequate number of portable fire extinguishers to be used as first aid fire appliances.
Sufficient quantities of the following extinguishers will be provided at strategic locations in
the plant.
Other Safety Measures
➢ Safety training to the workers will be given.
➢ PPE will be provided to the workers.
➢ The maintenance and cleaning of bag filters will be carried out regularly.
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➢ The dust removal efficiency of bag filters will be check regularly.
➢ Work place environment monitoring will be carried out regularly and records will be
maintained.
➢ Good housekeeping will be implemented in the plant.
➢ First aid box will be provided.
➢ The industry will provide adequate lighting facility inside the plant premises.
➢ General dilution ventilation will be provided to control dust levels below exposure limits.
➢ Fire extinguishers will be provided to withstand the fire or explosion condition.
➢ Pre-employment and periodical medical examination of workers will be done by
government approved medical practitioners and the details will be recorded as per the
Regulations.
➢ The industry will prepare on-site emergency plan.
➢ In case any emergency, arrangement of ambulance van will be done from nearest
Hospital.
➢ Two main gates will be provided for entry and exit of the workers.
Disaster Management Plan (DMP)
Disaster
Disaster is an unplanned event that can cause death or significant injuries to employees,
customers or public. It is a catastrophic situation in which suddenly, people are plunged into
helplessness and suffering. As a result, they need protection, clothing, shelter, medical, social
care and other necessities of life.
Disasters can be divided into two main groups, namely, natural and manmade. There can be no
set criteria for assessing the gravity of a disaster, since this depends to a large extent on the
physical, economic and social environment in which it occurs. However, all disasters bring in
similar consequences that call for immediate action, whether at the local, national or
international level for the rescue and relief of the victims.
Objectives of Disaster Management Plan
Disaster Management Plan (DMP) is the process of preparing for mitigating measures,
responding to and recovering from an emergency. The DMP is aimed at ensuring safety of life,
protection of environment, protection of installation, restoration of production and salvage
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operations, in this same order of priorities. For effective implementation of the DMP, it should
be widely circulated and personnel training should be provided through rehearsals/ drills.
The DMP should reflect the probable consequences of the undesired event due to deteriorating
conditions or through ‘Knock on’ effects. Further the management should be able to
demonstrate that their assessment of the consequences uses good supporting evidence and is
based on available and reliable information, incident data from internal and external sources,
and, if necessary, the reports of outside agencies.
The objective of the industrial DMP is to make use of the combined resources of the plant and
the outside services to achieve the following:
➢ Effect the rescue and medical treatment of causalities.
➢ Safeguard other people.
➢ Minimize damage to property and the environment.
➢ Initially contain and ultimately bring the incident under control.
➢ Provide authoritative information to the news media.
➢ Secure the safe rehabilitation of affected area.
➢ Preserve relevant records and equipment for the subsequent inquiry into the cause and
circumstances of the emergency.
➢ In effect, it is to optimize that the operational efficiency to rescue, rehabilitate and render
medical help and restore normalcy.
Emergency Plan
Emergency planning is primary for the protection of plant personnel and people in nearby areas
and the environment that could be affected by unplanned hazardous events. The emergency
may arise from the leakage, explosion caused by over pressure in equipment, chemical storage
and handling, fire due to combustible material and social disorder.
Furnace Hazard
Furnaces are associated with fire and electrical hazard due to sudden generation of pressure or
temperature that leads to damage, injury and death. Temperature and pressure are closely
related, and when flammable or combustible mixture is present in process equipment that leads
to worst consequences. Thus, an engineering evaluation will be done for worst-case scenario.
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Safety Measures
➢ Installation of automatic alarm.
➢ Explosion suppression system with detector technique and suppressant.
➢ Means of shutting off the power and raw material supply.
➢ Standard Operating Practices (SOPs) for starting sequence of furnace should include along
with checkup for exhaust system prior to ignition
➢ Piping, valves and fitting should be metallic and be in accordance with NFPA-30.
(Flammable & combustible liquid code)
Fire & Explosion
Fire consequences can be disastrous, since they involve high voltage current and huge
quantities of raw material with fuel either stored or in dynamic inventory in conveyors or
hoppers or in nearby areas. Toxic releases can affect persons working around.
Preliminary Hazard Analysis has provided a basis for consequence estimation. Estimation can
be made by using various pool fires, tank fire consequence calculations.
During the study of Risk Assessment, the nature of damages is worked out and probability of
occurrence of such hazards is also drawn up. The aim of DMP is to introduce the pragmatic
guidelines for safe storage and warehousing of hazardous/ combustible materials, thus
protecting human health and environment. The following control/ mitigating measures should
be adopted.
➢ Eliminate all sources of ignition. However, it is difficult to ascertain.
➢ All the sources of ignition, especially if there are any moving parts.
➢ DCP type extinguishers are recommended.
➢ All emergency and safety related equipment must be frequently and regularly checked and
maintained to ensure that their condition is satisfactory. Records should be kept of all checks
and maintenance carried out on this equipment.
➢ The necessary first aid equipment should include emergency showers and eyewash facilities.
➢ The firefighting media should be selected according to mode of action and their use in
combating or preventing the spread of fire. It may be water, dry chemical powder, carbon
dioxide and foam.
➢ Extinguishers should be fitted with means to provide visual indications that the unit has
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partially or wholly been discharged.
➢ A fire detection alarm and automatically activated CO or equal fire suppression system
should be provided in the electrical room.
On-Site Emergency Plan
On-site emergency is caused by an accident that takes place in a hazardous installation and the
effects are confined to factory premises involving the people working in the factory.
Preparation of On-site Emergency plan is the responsibility of Factory Management. When the
consequences of an emergency situation are restricted essentially within plan boundaries/
premises, it becomes an on-site emergency. Site - Emergency is under the control of senior
offer of the organization not below the rank of General Manager. Separate cell will be created
to handle emergency occurred due to natural or man–made disasters. Evacuation plan will be
prepared. Fire tenders, ambulance and mobile hospital facilities will be provided to the victims
at the shortest time. One Health Centre equipped with modern technology will be identified
which has tied up with Government district hospital to get services of the various areas.
Emergency Communication
Whoever notices an emergency situation such as fire, growth of fire, leakage etc. should inform
his immediate superior and Emergency control center. The person on duty in the Emergency
Control Centre should appraise the Site Main Controller (SMC).
Emergency Responsibilities
a. Site Controller
On receiving information about emergency, he would rush to Emergency Control Center
(ECC). Declares Emergency and orders for operation of emergency siren. He has to organize
announcement by public address system about the location of emergency. He would assess
which areas are likely to be affected, or need to be evacuated or are to be alerted.
b. Incident Controller
The incident controller assembles the incident control team, directs operations within the
affected areas, directs the shutting down and evacuation of plant, ensures that all key personnel
help is sought, provides advice and information to the Fire and Security Officer, coordinates
with emergency services at the site.
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c. Emergency Coordinator
➢ Rescue, Fire Fighting.
➢ Medical, Mutual Aid, Rehabilitation, Transport and Communication.
➢ Updating emergency plan, organizing mock drills verification of inventory of emergency
facilities and furnishing report to site controller.
➢ Maintains liaison with Civil Administration.
➢ Controls rehabilitation of affected areas on discontinuation of emergency.
➢ Maintains essential services like Diesel Generator, Water, Firewater, Compressed Air/
Instrument Air, Power Supply for lighting.
➢ Ensures availability of adequate quantities of protective equipment and other emergency
materials & spares.
General Responsibilities of Employees during an Emergency
It becomes more enhanced and pronounced when an emergency warning is raised, the workers,
if they are in-charge of process equipment, should adopt safe and emergency shut down and
attend any prescribed duty as essential employee. If no such responsibility is assigned, he
should adopt a safe course to assembly point and wait for instructions. He should not resort to
spread panic. On the other hand, he must assist emergency personnel towards objectives of
DMP.
Emergency Facilities
a. Emergency Control Centre
Emergency Control Centre (ECC) with intercom, telephone, self contained breathing apparatus,
fire suit, hand tools, wind direction indications, public address megaphone, hand bell, telephone
directories, factory layout, site plan, emergency lamp, hazard chart, emergency shut-down
procedures, address with telephone numbers and key personnel, emergency coordinator, and
essential employees.
b. Assembly Point
Number of assembly point depending upon the plant location would be identified wherein
employees who are not directly connected with the disaster management would be assembled
for safety and rescue. Emergency breathing apparatus, minimum facilities like water, etc. would
be organized there. In this project there is two assembly points in opposite direction.
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c. Emergency Power Supply
Plant facilities would be connected to DG and would be placed in auto mode. Thus, water
pumps, plants lighting and emergency control center, administrative building and other
auxiliary services are connected to emergency power supply.
d. Fire Fighting Facilities
First Aid and Fire Fighting equipment suitable for emergency should be maintained in each and
at bulk storage of fuel.
e. Location of Wind Sock
On the top of the administration block / security block / production blocks, wind socks would
be installed to indicate direction of wind for emergency escape.
f. Emergency Medical Facilities
Stretchers, gas masks and general first aid materials for dealing with fire burns etc. Apart from
plant first aid facilities, external facilities would be augmented. Names of medical personnel,
medical facilities in that particular area would be prepared and updated.
g. Emergency Warning
Communication of emergency would be made familiar to the personnel inside the plant and
people outside. An emergency warning system would be established.
h. Emergency Shutdown
There could be more number of persons in the storage area and other areas in the vicinity. The
area would have adequate number of exits, staircases, etc.
i. All Clear Signal
At the end of an emergency, the Site Controller orders for all clear signal. When it becomes
essential, the Site Controller communicates to the District Emergency Authority, Police and
Fire Service personnel regarding help required or development of the situation into an Off-Site
Emergency.
j. Mutual Aid
Mutual aid in the form of technical personnel, runners, helpers, special protective equipment,
transport vehicles, communication facility, etc., should be sought from the neighboring
industrial management.
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k. Mock Drills
Emergency preparedness is an important aspect of planning in Industrial Disaster Management.
Personnel would be trained suitably and prepared mentally as well as physically in emergency
response through carefully planned and simulated procedures. Similarly, the key personnel and
essential personnel should be trained in the operations. List of Key persons during emergency
situation will be mentioned in the Table 7.2
Table-7.2
List of Key persons
S. No. Emergency Coordinator
1 General Manager
2 Manager (Project)
3 Manager(Maintenance)
4 Shift In charge
Hazardous Chemicals & Associated Hazards
There is no use and storage of any hazardous chemical in the Industry.
Off-Site Emergency Plan
Major emergencies like bursting of tankers are classified as offsite emergency and it is not
possible for single factory to handle the situation. The task of preparing the off-Site Emergency
Plan lies with the District Collector. However, the off-site plan could be prepared as a
Composite off-site Emergency Plan with the help of the local district authorities and the nearby
industries in the Industrial Estate.
Off-site emergency plan follows the on-site emergency plan. When the consequences of an
emergency go beyond the plant boundaries, it becomes an off-site emergency.
Off-site emergency is essentially the responsibility of the public administration. However, the
factory management should provide the public administration with the technical information
relating to the nature, quantum and probable consequences on the neighboring population.
The off-site plan in detail should be based on those events, which are most likely to occur, but
other less likely events, which have severe consequence, should also be considered. An early
decision will be required in many cases on the advice to be given to people living within the
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range of the accident. The main aspects, which should be included in the emergency plans, are:
a. Organization
Details of command structure, warning systems, implementation procedures, emergency control
centers should be there. Names and appointments of the incident controller, site main controller,
their deputies and other key personnel should be available.
b. Communications
Identification of personnel involved, communication center, call signs, network and list of
telephone numbers.
c. Specialized Knowledge
Knowledge includes details of specialist bodies, firms and people upon whom it may be
necessary to call, for example those with specialized knowledge, laboratories.
d. Chemical Information
Details of the hazardous substances stored or procedure on each site and a summary of the risk
associated with them.
e. Meteorological Information
Arrangements for obtaining details of whether conditions prevailing at the time and weather
forecasts
f. Humanitarian Arrangements
Transport, evacuation centers, emergency feeding treatment of injured, first aid, ambulances
and temporary mortuaries.
g. Public Information
Arrangements for dealing with the media press office and informing relatives.
h. Assessment
Arrangements for: (a) collecting information on the causes of the emergency and reviewing the
efficiency and effectiveness of all aspects of the emergency plan.
i. Role of the Emergency Co-ordination Officer (ECO)
The ECO should co-ordinate various emergency services. The ECO should coordinate closely
with the site main controller. The external control should be passed to a senior local authority
administrator or even an administrator appointed by the central or state government.
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j. Role of the Local Authority
The duty to prepare the off-site plan lies with the local authorities. The Emergency Planning
Officer (EPO) appointed should carry out his duty in preparing for a whole range of different
emergencies within the local authority area. Rehearsals for off-site plans shall be organized by
the EPO.
k. Role of Police
Formal duties of the police during an emergency include protecting life and property as well as
controlling traffic movements.
l. Role of Fire Authorities
The cessation of a fire should normally be the responsibility of the senior fire brigade officer
who would take over the handling of the fire from the site incident controller on arrival at the
site.
m. Role of Health Authorities
Health authorities including doctors, hospitals, and ambulances and so on are a vital part of the
emergency plan. Major off-site incidents are likely to require medical equipment and facilities
additional to those available locally. A medical “mutual aid” scheme should exist to enable the
assistance of neighboring authorities to be obtained in the event of an emergency.
n. Role of Government Safety Authority
In the event of an accident, local arrangements regarding the role of the factory inspector will
apply. List of key persons will be mentioned in the Off- Site Emergency Plan in table 7.3.
Table-7.3
List of Key persons of offsite EP
S. No. Emergency Coordinator
1 District Magistrate
2 Fire Brigade
3 Controller of Explosive 4 SP 5 DHO 6 SPCB
7.3.1 SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
The impact of the proposed expansion activity will begin with the starting up of the construction
activities at the site. The proposed expansion activity will provide employment to considerable
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number of skilled, semi-skilled and un-skilled construction laborers. In normal circumstances,
the local people will be given preference for the unskilled activities, as there are many
construction workers in the vicinity of the project and are expected to be available with normal
wages.
Provision of wage employment to the local populace during construction period of the project
will benefit the local area to some extent. This will enhance the income levels of the construction
laborers and lead for their socio-economic wellbeing during the construction phase of the
proposed expansion activity, which will be positive impact due to the project. Tertiary sector
employment and provision of goods and services for daily need, including transport.
In line with the above, some more recommendations are given below:
• Local people will be given preference;
• All the guidelines under the Labor Act and Safety Rules as specified under Factories Act,
1948 will be implemented during the construction work to avoid any accidents;
• The construction site will be secured with fencing and will have guarded entry Points.
7.3.2 REHABILITATION & RESETTLEMENT PLAN
The expansion shall be carried out within the existing plant. No land shall be acquired for the
proposed expansion. Hence the proposed expansion project does not involve any displacement of
persons and no rehabilitation and resettlement is required.
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CHAPTER -8.0
PROJECT BENEFITS
8.1 INTRODUCTION
The development of industrial projects plays a key role in the economic growth of any country.
Iron is the most important metal to the mankind, which is widely used for domestic, agricultural,
industrial and defense purposes. Per capita iron / steel consumption is a major indicator of
economic status of any country. The growth of the steel industry significantly contributes to
economic growth as it generates employment both directly and also due to development of
downstream industries. Peripheral development takes place and due to more influx of money
through the area, overall importance of the area increases and overall the infrastructure improves.
8.2 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL
8.2.1 Direct Employment
Unemployment is quite a common problem. Employment opportunities are moderate and not
growing as per growth of education. People mainly depend on the agriculture and Industries for
their living in the area. The present expansion project has employment generation potential by
way of recruiting local people directly for different activities of the project.
Estimated manpower requirement for expansion shall be 60. Local people will be given the
opportunity of employment as per their capability and expertise. Priority will be given to
scheduled tribe cast and women. This will be helpful to enhance the socio economic status of the
people.
8.2.2 Indirect Employment
Indirect employment and income effects of any steel plant are non-marginal and usually remain
widespread across a long region. It is expected that substantial portion of the investment will
trickle down to the local people in the form of employment and income. The project is expected
to generate substantial indirect employment in other sectors such as service units. Employment
and income indicate that the project has strong positive effect. Since the infrastructure for
maintenance of the specialized plant and machinery may not be readily near site, adequate
maintenance facilities for day-to-day and minor plant maintenance including a well-equipped
workshop and trained technicians shall be developed for the project. Major maintenance and
annual turn around will be contracted out to reputed agencies. Odd jobs, plant cleaning, hiring of
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vehicles, road and maintenance, plant security, gardening / green belt development etc. will be
locally contracted out.
8.3 IMPROVEMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE
M/S Jay Aay Alloys Pvt. Ltd. intended to provide the following infrastructure in the study area
of 10 km radius:
Road Transport: There will be improved road communication due to the proposed project and
maintenance will also be done time to time.
Market for product: Need for the proposed products are based on the demand and supply gap
in the current market. With increasing utilization of the current products, in future, to cater the
requirement of all the products, it is essential to have the proposed manufacturing unit.
Market for Consumer Goods: With the implementation of the project and development of area,
demand patterns will change and local consumer market will grow thus more income
opportunities for the local people will be there. The proposed project is going to have positive
income effect and consequently, the multiplier effect is expected to lead to an overall increase in
average consumption of the people of the study area.
Increasing other business opportunities for local people- There will be scope of hiring vehicle
like tractors & trolleys, bulldozers, JCB, excavators during construction and operation phase of
the project.
8.4 EDUCATION
The local peoples’ interest towards education will increase due to the expectation of getting jobs,
especially from non-agricultural sources. The project is expected to increase such aspirations by
bringing opportunities of some direct & indirect employment for the local people. The general
awareness towards the importance of education is expected to increase as a result of the proposed
expansion. The project will have positive impact on the level of education of the people.
8.5 OTHER TANGIBLE BENEFITS
Steel plants by nature serve as the nuclei for development of small- scale industries in the areas
around them. These small- scale units usually have input- output linkage with the steel plants.
The demand for spares, assemblies and sub- assemblies by steel plants are generally met through
the supply (of these items) from small- scale units located nearby. The present project is likely to
accelerate such industrialization through “Bubble Effects” in the study area. It is important to
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note that the small- scale units are usually labor-intensive and high-priority industries from social
point of view.
The proposed project is expected to serve as centre of significant small- scale industrial economy
around it complemented by the services sector. This is expected to play a major role in the future
economic and social development of this area.
8.6 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENT POLICY
It is a company managed by directors. The promoters of the project are well aware of issues and
concerns regarding environmental matters pertaining to the project. The company has well
established administrative set up to deal with the environmental issues and ensuring the
compliance of statutory norms and EC conditions as per following line diagram.
8.7 DETAILS OF INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITY
Most of the labor force during construction and operation phase hired from the local areas.
Sanitation and rest rooms are available for the casual workers and truck drivers. Sufficient toilet
facility i.e. one toilet for ten persons is there.
8.8 CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY
Being a socially and environmentally responsible corporate, the industry has already undertaken
social activities in the surrounding areas.
However, the promoter has earmarked a sum of Rs. 4.0 Lacs towards CER for which the
activities will be taken up strictly as per MOEF & CC OM dated 1st May,2018 and the public
hearing issues, the details of which will be submitted along with comprehensive EIA report.
8.9 LITIGATION AND PENDING CASES
The unit has never violated any provisions under the applicable environmental laws. Neither any
litigation is pending against the project nor any directions /order has ever been passed by any
court of law.
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CHAPTER -9.0
ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS
9.1 ESTIMATED PROJECT COST
Total project cost will be Rs 7.8065 Cr. after expansion.
9 .2 SCHEDULE OF PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
Schedule of implementation of the project is the most reasonable time during which the proposed
project can be implemented. This takes into account the time required for various activates i.e.
detailed engineering of the unit including structural designs, civil construction Procurement of
equipment and machinery including utilities and services, equipment test and trial runs etc. One
year shall be needed for completion of the project after the EC Granted.
Key factors that would facilitate successful and timely project implementation:
a) Proper choice of technology and machinery suppliers.
b) Adequate diligence in formulating the technical concept and system design / selection of the
plant.
c) Proper choice of contractors for civil construction and erection of equipment.
d) Formulation of effective project team led by an experienced Project Manager.
e) Establishment of efficient system for project planning & monitoring including reporting
procedures for progress review & co- ordination.
f) Customization of project execution plan to suit the promoters profile.
9.2.1 Implementation Strategy
Typically project has four core dimensions viz:
a) Engineering: this directly impacts the smooth operations of the plant over its entire life
b) Procurement: is critical on account of the impact that it has on investment and performance
benchmarks and also in ensuring the choice of appropriate technology.
c) Construction: is critical in terms of its impact on completion quality and duration of the
project phase.
d) Project Management: other than its obvious impact on project time it also contributes to risk
minimization for the promoter.
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CHAPTER -10
ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN
10.0 Introduction
Environmental management plan (EMP) describes the administrative aspects of ensuring that
mitigation measures are implemented and their effectiveness monitored, after grant of EC. It
consists of various policies, control measures etc. for abatement of critical environmental
impacts arising out of the proposed project. Mitigation measures are proposed on the basis of
identified impacts. Further a suitable environment management plan will be introduced in the
project to implement and practice measures to protect and enhance the quality of environment.
The EMP is only as effective as its implementation. An appropriate environmental management
strategy is developed and presented in the form of an EMS. It is the responsibility of the project
proponents to control the utilization of resources and discharges of waste by adopting suitable
control measures in the factory to avoid adverse effects of industrial activities on the
environment and in turn to enhance the quality of the existing environment.
10.1 Summary of Potential Impacts with Mitigation Measures during Construction Phase
10.1.1 Land Environment
The site is flat and already leveled, hence no leveling is required. Earth excavated during civil
foundations will be reused for raising the plinth and backfilling the columns. Dust generated due
to earthwork including excavation and transportation activities, especially during dry weather
conditions, will be controlled by water sprinkling.
10.1.2 Air Environment
Dust will be generated at work site during the construction activity like excavation and vehicular
movement. Providing suitable surface treatment to ease the traffic flow and regular sprinkling of
water will reduce the dust generation. All internal and external roads will be asphalted and
cleaned daily, so there will be less generation of re-suspended road dust.
10.1.3 Water Environment
Temporary drainage work will be maintained, removed and reinstated as required, and all other
precautions will be taken for avoidance of damage by flooding and silt. Sedimentation pit of
sufficient capacity will be constructed to trap silt-laden water during monsoon. The wastewater
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will be reused for dust suppression by adopting suitable mechanism. These will be cleaned on
regular basis.
10.1.4 Noise Environment
The noise generated during the constructed phase will be due to the movement of vehicles and
construction equipment. Construction equipments and transport vehicles would be properly
maintained so that noise generation is minimized. Regular maintenance schedule will be adopted
for all construction equipment and vehicles.
10.1.5 Solid Waste Management
Careful design, planning and good site management would minimize waste of materials such as
concrete, mortars and cement grouts. Construction waste will be segregated as much as possible
at site itself to increase the feasibility of recycling concrete and masonry as filling material and
steel pieces as saleable scrap.
Muck shall be generated from drains and sedimentation pits. The muck shall be collected daily
and stored at earmarked place. It shall be finally disposed within the plant premises for plinth
raising purpose. Litter disposal and collection points shall be established around the all
construction work sites. Construction waste shall be segregated as much as possible at site itself
to increase the feasibility of recycling concrete and masonry as filling material and steel pieces
as saleable scrap.
10.1.6 Sanitation, Welfare and Safety Measures of Construction Workers
Construction workers will be made aware of possible hazards and safety measures that need to
be taken during construction activities through routine training. Personal Protective Equipments
(PPEs) such as dust masks, goggles, earplugs/ earmuffs, safety gloves, safety belts, shoe with toe
protection, gumboots will be made available at construction site. Construction workers and
vehicle drivers will be provided with drinking water, canteen and toilet / washroom facility. Rest
room facility for truck drivers will be provided.
10.2 Summary of Potential Impacts with Mitigation Measures during Operational Phase
10.2.1 Air Environment
The major source of air emission is fugitive dust from induction furnace. The dust emissions will
be controlled by using fume capture devices and bag filters. The air pollution control system will
consists of air cooled ducts, hood for furnace, bag house, ID fan and chimney. Adequate spares
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(bags, cages, compressors, pumps, and machine parts, etc) shall be maintained by the Industry.
O&M of the bag filter shall be done as per schedule prescribed by the manufacturer.
Gaseous emission from DG stack will contribute significantly in particulate matter, SO2 and NOx
level in ambient air. Stacks heights as per norms will be provided for the proper dispersion of
pollutants. The resultant air quality will conform to the stipulated standards.
10.2.2 Water Environment
Pollution of groundwater, odor from waste water treatment plant and domestic sewage are some
potential impacts of liquid effluent. Domestic sewage will be treated in sewage treatment plant
and treated effluent will be collected in treated effluent tank reused in sprinkling, watering,
irrigation of green belt and horticulture, etc. The water for cooling of furnaces will be re-
circulated and no wastewater will be discharged from outside the premises. Roof-top rain water
harvesting through recharge wells is also proposed to recharge the ground water of the area.
10.2.3 Noise Environment
Noise level will increase due to equipment and machineries in the plant area. Equipments will be
designed to conform to noise levels prescribed by regulatory agencies where necessary, high
noise generating equipment should be acoustically treated or housed. Provision of green belt and
plantation would further help in attenuating noise. Acoustic enclosure will be provided for DG
sets. Noise attenuation will be acquired to reduce noise level to 85 dB (A) at 1m distance. Ear
plugs/ear muffs will be provided to employees working in high noise areas as protective device.
10.2.4 Solid and Hazardous Waste
Waste Source Quantity Potential Impact
APCD Dust Induction Furnace 0.003 TPD Health Implication
Sludge from Waste
Water Treatment
STP 0.82 kg/d No adverse environmental
impact except little odor
nuisance.
Mill Scales From Rolling Mill 17.14 TPD No Impact, It is a saleable
material.
Furnace Slag Induction Furnace 10 TPD No adverse impact. It will be
used in road making and land
filling after recovery of iron
Used Oil DG sets 0.02 Kl/A Possibility of soil and water
contamination due to spillage
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MSW from every
day &Domestic
Employees 3.5 kg/d Natural Habitat Degradation
Management
➢ Dust from bag filters shall be stored in a dumping pit of R.C.C. and disposed to designated
TSDF site.
➢ Municipal solid waste due to everyday sweeping and domestic activities will be collected in
bins.
➢ The sludge from waste water treatment systems shall be composted and used as manure in
horticulture.
➢ Slag produced from manufacturing process as by-product will be periodically tapped and left
to solidify. The slag will be then crushed and iron particles are taken out through the process
of magnetic separation. The left over slag will be used for road making, concrete block
manufacturing or land filling.
➢ Mill scales are either sold in the market or used back in I.F.
10.2.5 Occupational Health & Safety
Sources and Impacts: Exposure to noise, dust, heat and gases like CO are occupational hazards
identified in steel plant. Silicosis, Bronchitis and Noise induced hearing loss are the diseases that
could occur due to prolonged exposure / concentration found to be above the Permissible
Exposure Level. Workers involved in raw material handling section, dusty environment, near
furnaces, and are exposed to high dust levels. Workers working near / close to the furnaces are
exposed to heat stress. Over a long period of time such exposure is likely to result in respiratory
problems / occupational health problems.
Management: Plant personnel working in dust prone areas shall wear personnel protective
equipment like air filters over their nose. Job rotation schemes shall be practiced for over-
exposed persons, particularly for heat stress. Proper illumination shall be maintained at each and
every nook and corner of the work places.
PPE like earplugs and muffs shall be provided to workers working near air compressors, pipe
plant and mills, and administrative pressure applied to the workers to use them. Workers exposed
to mechanical accident-prone areas are given personal protective equipment (PPE) like tight
rubber goggles, safety helmets, welders hand shields and welding helmets, plastic face shields,
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ear plugs, ear muffs, rubber aprons, rubber gloves, shoes with non-skid soles, gum boots, safety
shoe with toe protection.
Summary of Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures
S.No. Component of
Environment
Impact Mitigation Measures
CONSTRUCTION PHASE
1 Air Particulates, NOX, SO2 Personal protective equipments for
workers, water sprinklers.
Since the proposed project is within
the Kala Amb industrial area, no
impact is envisaged on the outside
areas.
2 Noise and Vibration Noise level increase
due to vehicular
movement, working of
machineries and
construction
equipments
Construction activity to be restricted
in day time only. Proper servicing of
vehicles, PPE to be provided
3 Water Water pollution due to
disposal of water and
domestic waste water.
Proper sanitation facilities are/will be
provided. No change in land use as the
project execution will be in the
existing land.
4 Land Land is already
industrial which may
be polluted due to
untreated sewage and
solid wastes.
Construction waste will be used within
the site and sanitation facilities already
exists which will be further
strengthened
5 Biological Noise level may impact
the fauna
Green Belt development takes care of
this aspect.
6 Socio Economic Employment of
workers
Positive impact as people from the
study area will be employed.
7 Occupational
Health and Safety
Respiratory ailment
due to dust and
auditory due to noise
Water sprinklers and PPE’s
OPERATIONAL PHASE
1 Air Increase in the air
pollution due to plant
operation and vehicular
movement.
Provision of proper APCS and their
operation as per SOP, adequate stacks
and compliance as per SPCB norms.
PPE for employees, regular
monitoring and compliance with
HWMTB management rules-2016.
2 Noise and Vibration No noise is generated Equipment will conform to noise level
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from Induction furnace.
However, small noise
that too within the
premises will also
generated from the
operation of equipment.
of 85 dB(A).
Proper maintenance of equipment and
PPE. General public will not be
affected.
3 Water No impact as no water
is and in the process
and entire cooling
water is circulated. No
industrial effluent
generated and
discharged
Proper Sanitation facilities. The sludge
from domestic waste water treated to
be used as manure and treated water
for plantation.
4 Land Discharge of sewage
water
Domestic waste water shall be used in
plantation after treatment.
5 Biological Disturbance due to
noise
Proper education to drivers and
transportation in day time only
6 Socio Economic Employment to locals Positive impact
7 Occupational
Health and Safety
Accidents to
operational activities
and auditory ailments
Low noise equipment will be
employed which conform to noise
level of 85dB (A). Proper PPE to be
provided. Storage of H.W. as per
rules. Proper safety training to staff
10.3 STRUCTURE AND ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITIES OF
ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT CELL (EMC)
M/S Jay Aay Alloys Pvt. Ltd. is an existing company having qualified and experienced
personnel in environmental management and pollution control. The company has existing
environmental monitoring cell for environment monitoring and legal compliances. The details of
cell are given below:
The EMC will be headed by Director of the Company. He will be assisted by General Manager
(Environment) and Consultant. However, actual responsibility for execution of environmental
mitigation measures will be General Managers, Deputy General Manager and their subordinates.
The responsibilities of various cadres are given below:
General Manager (Environment): He will be responsible for legal compliances of the
company related to MoEF, CPCB & HPCB. He will arrange regular monitoring of the proposed
pollution control system through his associates. He will arrange evaluation environmental
performance of the systems and ensure that the stipulated measures are being satisfactorily
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implemented and operated. He will ensure that there shall not be any adverse impact on air,
water, noise and land environment due to construction & operation of proposed expansion
project. As per report of DGM Environment the plant management shall take effective steps
through the concerned section head to curb the pollution and effective environmental
management.
Consultant: He will supervise the monitoring & analysis of water and effluent quality by the
laboratory. As per requirement he will arrange the additional tests through external agencies. He
will also arrange regular measurement of ground water quality in the study area and
implementation of rain water harvesting measures. He will monitor the performance of air
pollution control systems through on line continuous stack emission monitoring systems and
online continuous ambient air quality monitoring stations. He will also ensure the CPCB
guidelines by arranging the outside agency to carry out monitoring & analysis of the air quality
parameters which are not available in online systems. He will facilitate the inspection,
monitoring & analysis of pollution control systems by the SPCB officials as and when required.
His other functions would be hazardous waste management. He will co-ordinate for proper reuse
or disposal of hazardous wastes. EMP costing detail is provided at Table 10.1.
Table-10.1
EMP Budget
S. No Title Capital Cost
Rs. Lakh
Recurring
Cost Rs.
Lakh
1 Pollution Control during construction stage 10.0
20
2 Air Pollution Control (Installation of APCD) 30.0
3 Water Pollution Control/ STP up-gradation 10.0
4 Noise Pollution Control (Including cost of
Landscaping, Green Belt) 10.0
5 Solid Waste Management 5.0
6 Environment Monitoring and Management 5.0
7 Occupational health, Safety and Risk
Management 10.0
8 Miscellaneous 10.0 -
TOTAL 90.0
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To maintain the environmental parameters within the stipulated standards, regular monitoring of
various environmental components is necessary which will complied as per conditions. Cost of
monitoring of environmental parameters for Air, Water, Noise and stack is Rs.5 lakh and cost for
Occupational health, safety and risk management is Rs. 10 lakh.
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CHAPTER -11.0
SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
11.1 Project Name and location
The Proposed Project i.e. M/s Jay Aay Alloys Pvt. Ltd. is a Secondary Metallurgical Process
based industry. The plant is located at Trilokpur road, Kala Amb, Tehsil-Nahan, District-
Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh.
11.2 Products and capacities
The project proponent proposed to enhance the capacity of product by replacing existing
induction furnace with two number induction furnaces having capacity 15 TPH each. The
capacity of the Steel Ingots/Billets unit after expansion will be 1,26,000 TPA and 1, 20, 000 TPA
Round, Square, TMT/MS Bars, Angle, Channel, Flats, MS Pipes etc.
After expansion the production details will be as under
PRODUCTS
Capacity Existing Additional Total
Steel Ingot/Billets 29,400 96,600 1,26,000
Round, Square, TMT/MS Bars, Angle,
Channel, Flats, MS Pipes etc
25,000 95,000 1,20,000
11.3.1 Land Area
The industry is having 4.77 acres of land. No additional land will be required for expansion.
11.3.2 Raw Material Requirement
Table – 11.1
RAW MATERIAL
Capacity Existing Additional Total
MS Scrap, Ferro Alloys,
Sponge iron etc (TPA)
32,634 1,07,226 1,39,860
Source & Transportation Local & international markets and transport through covered trucks
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11.3.3 Water Requirement
Water consumption in the unit shall be for twin purpose namely domestic and make up water for
cooling tower (CT). Water requirement will be met through existing tube well. The detail of
water requirement and water balance is given below:-
Table- 11.2
Water Requirement
11.3.4 Power Requirement
The Power Requirement will be met by sourcing the power from Himachal Pradesh Power
Corporation Limited from nearby Sub-station. The detail of power requirement existing & after
expansion is given below:-
Table- 11.3
Power Requirement
11.3.5 Manpower Requirement
For expansion, additional 10 persons will be required. Total manpower after expansion will be
60.
11.4 Process Description
Water Supply Source Existing Tube well
Quantity of Water Required Domestic Cooling Total
Existing (KLD) 8 24 32
Proposed (KLD) 6 39 45
Total (KLD) 14 63 77
Source of Electricity Himachal Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (H.P.P.C.L.)
Total Load (KW) Existing Additional Total
6000 9000 15000
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PROCESS FLOW CHART
M.S. SCRAP & ADDITIVES
SPECTRA TEST FOR
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
LIQUID METAL TRANSFER
INTO LADDLE
FORMATION OF BILLETS
VIA CCM
INDUCTION FURNACE
HOT BILLETS TRANSFER
TO MILL FOR SIZING
ROLLING MILL
FINISHING
FINAL PRODUCT
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11.5 Description of Mitigation Measures
The purpose of mitigation measures is to avoid, reduce or minimize unwanted impacts on the
environment. To minimize & control the Flue Gas emission from the stack attached to furnace &
DG Set, M/s Jay Aay Alloys Pvt. Ltd. has already installed separate water scrubber with I.F &
canopy with DG set. The quantity of slag after expansion will be 10 TPD which will be used to
fill low lying area. Solids from APCD are disposed off at designated TSDF site. Used Oil from
DG set is/will be used for lubrification of machine. STP is provided for treatment of domestic
effluent. Treated effluent is used for plantation in the premises. The industry is regularly
operating and maintaining its APCD and ensuring that the emissions are adequately collected
and concentration of air pollutants in its emissions conforms to the emission standards laid down
by the board.
11.6 Cost Details
Existing cost of the project is Rs. 2.8065 Cr and total cost for the expansion has been estimated
Rs. 5.0 Cr. The total cost of the project has been estimated as Rs. 7.8065 Cr. The proposed
expansion will be done within one year after grant of Environment Clearance.
11.7 Site Details
M/s Jay Aay Alloys Pvt. Ltd. is situated at Trilokpur road, Kala Amb, Tehsil-Nahan, District-
Sirmaur, HP having its global coordinates as Latitude 30°30'14.59"N,30°30'16.05"N,
30°30'15.06" N, 30°30'13.31" N & Longitude 77°12'32.28"E,77°12'35.59"E,
77°12'38.27"E, 77°12'34.99"E. Nahan is the nearest city and Ambala Cant Railway Jn. is the
nearest railway station. Nearest airport is in Chandigarh which is at 45 km from site. No National
Parks/ Wildlife Sanctuaries/ Biosphere Reserves/ Reserved Forests exist within 5 km radius of
project site. Markanda river is situated approx. 1.5 km from the project site.
11.8 Baseline Environmental Data and their impacts
Various Environmental factors as existing in the study area which are liable to be affected by the
activities have been assessed both quantitatively and qualitatively. Baseline environmental data
generation of study area was carried out during the period March, April and May 2018.
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11.8.1 Ambient Air Quality
The PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO levels were monitored at eight locations in the study area for three
months (March-May, 2018). The P98 levels of criteria pollutants are as follows: PM2.5 is
42.8μg/m3, PM10 is 81.79 μg/m3, SO2 is 11.75 μg/m3, NO2 is 36.61 μg/m3 and CO is 0.59 mg/ m3.
The baseline air quality level is within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards prescribed for
industrial, residential, rural & other area and also satisfies the air quality index (AQI) w.r.t. health
bracket for all the monitoring. Standards are 60, 100, 80 and 80μg/m3 for PM2.5, PM10, SO2 and
NO2 respectively. Proposed expansion will have less impact than existing one.
11.8.2 Water Quality
Eight groundwater samples and one surface water sample were collected from the study area for
chemical and biological analysis. The groundwater quality of the study is satisfactory. No
metallic or bacterial contamination was found in the water quality. But bacterial contamination is
found in surface water.
11.8.3 Noise Environment
Ambient noise levels were monitored at 8 locations in the study area. Noise levels in the study
vary from 30.1 dB (A) to 67.4 dB (A) in day time and 20.1 dB (A) to 55.3 dB (A) during night..
The highest levels were observed at Project Site. The baseline noise levels are well within the
National Standards. Proposed expansion will have less impact than existing one due to better
pollution control facility.
11.8.4 Soil Quality
Eight soil samples were collected from the study area and analyzed. The texture of soil is sandy
loam. The organic matter, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus content of the soil are moderate.
The pH of all the soil samples is within the acceptable range. No impact on soil will be there for
proposed plant.
11.8.5 Ecological environment
Ecological data has been collected through secondary sources and by site visits. The tree species
Ashoka, Jamun, Peepal and Mango etc are the dominant plant species of the study area. Mongoose,
porcupine, jungle cat, cobra, krait, snakes, hare, pigeon and variety of birds are the common
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animals of the study area. No endangered species of plants and animals are found in the study area,
so no impact on ecological Environment.
11.8.6 Sensitive Ecosystem
Within 5 km distance of the project site, no plant or animal species were found to be on the
endangered list. No ecologically sensitive area like biosphere reserve, tiger reserve, and elephant
reserve, migratory corridors of wild elephant, wetland, national park and wildlife sanctuary are
present within 5 km distance of the project site. There is no Reserve and Protected Forests present
around the project site of 5 km. Agriculture and industrial workers dominate the occupation
structure of the study area. Several other industries large and small units are present in the study
area.
11.8.7 Socioeconomic Condition:
Socioeconomic status has been studied through secondary sources and by site visits. The social
requirements identified such as Drinking water requirement, Promotion of Educational institutions
and Medical facilities to the villagers (especially Senior Citizens and infants or pregnant ladies).
Community centers, recreation facilities etc will also be developed as part of social responsibility.
11.9 Possible Hazards & Risks from Secondary Metallurgical Industries
The various process operations, which are having potentially high risk to human exposure and
which have high levels of attention area identified in Table.11.4
Table: 11.4
Possible Risk
S.No. Plant Area Possible Deviation from
normal operation
Likely Causes Consequences
1 Furnace Re-circulating and cooling
water coming in contact
with the molten iron or
slag.
Leakage of water from
the walls Spurting of
metal/ slag.
Explosion under
extreme cases.
Presence of Oil & Grease
and other Impurities in raw
materials.
Negligence in material
inspection
Sudden fire &
explosion.
2 High Power
Transformer
Oil temperature being very
high.
Varying room
Temperatures.
Sudden
flashing of
fire or
bursting.
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3 High
Tension
Electrical
Installation
Heavy sparking at the pot
heads and the joints.
Loose joints, cable
cut, burning of fuses,
short circuits etc.
Sparks in the
beginning,
devastating fire if
neglected.
11.10 Emergency Plan
Emergency planning is primary for the protection of plant personnel and people in nearby areas
and the environment that could be affected by unplanned hazardous events. Furnaces are
associated with fire and electrical hazard due to sudden generation of pressure or temperature
that leads to damage, injury and death. Temperature and pressure are closely related, and when
flammable or combustible mixture is present in process equipment that leads to worst
consequences. Thus, an engineering evaluation will be done for worst-case scenario.
11.11 CER Activities (Corporate Environmental Responsibility)
Proposed project will result in growth of the surrounding areas by increased direct and indirect
employment opportunities in the region including ancillary development and supporting
infrastructure.
Being a brown field project, company has earmarked Rs. 4.0 lakh towards the Corporate
Environmental Responsibility (CER). CER activities as defined in CER circular issued by MoEF
& CC will be taken up on the basis of public hearing issues and in consultation with the district
administration
11.12 Environment Monitoring Plan
Regular monitoring of all significant environmental parameters is essential to check the
compliance status vis-à-vis the environmental laws and regulation. The frequency of the
monitoring will be as follows:
➢ The ambient Air quality shall be monitored at project site and two upward and
downstream locations once every quarter for PM2.5, PM10, NOx & SO2, and CO levels during
the Construction Phase and Operational Phase.
➢ The Ambient Noise Levels, Water Quality, Effluent etc. shall also be monitored once
every six months or as per EC conditions.
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CHAPTER -12
DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED
12.1 Organizational Profile:
Chandigarh Pollution Testing Laboratory (C P T L) is incorporated in 1997. The Registered
office of CPTL is at Plot no. E-126, Industrial Area, Phase-7, Mohali, Punjab. Its
laboratory division has accreditation from NABL, recognition from MoEF & CC & PPCB
(Punjab Pollution Control Board) and EIA division (i.e. CPTL-EIA) is accredited by QCI/
NABET as Category-A EIA consultancy organization. In addition it has certification from
ISO 9001: 2015, ISO 14001: 2015 and OHSAS 18001: 2007. C P T L is a venture of
professionally qualified and experienced technical personnel. The main aim of the company
is to provide consultancy services and analytical services to those industries which do not
have complete in-house testing facilities with them.
12.2 Scope of Services
Laboratory Facilities Consultancy Services
Surface/ Ground Water testing Environment Impact Assessment
Drinking Water testing Environment Audits
Construction Water testing Environment clearance compliances
Sewage/ Effluent testing Remote sensing
Soil testing Sound level modeling
Ambient Air monitoring Air quality modeling
Stack Emission monitoring Risk Assessment
Noise level monitoring Ecology & Biodiversity study
Micro-biological testing Socio-economic studies
Manufacturing of ETP, STP & APCDs Consent from Pollution Boards
Design and installation of ETP, STP & APCDs Climate Change
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Annexure-I
Detection Limits for Drinking Water, Surface Water & Soil Parameters
For Drinking Water
S.No. Parameter Unit Detection Limit
1. Nitrate as NO3 mg/l 1
2. Total residual chlorine as Cl2 mg/l 0.1
3. Fluoride as F- mg/l 0.1
4. Boron as B mg/l 0.1
5. Zinc as Zn mg/l 0.5
6. Lead as Pb mg/l 0.01
7. Copper as Cu mg/l 0.04
8. Aluminium as Al mg/l 0.01
9. Arsenic as As mg/l 1.0
10. Manganese a Mn mg/l 0.09
11. Cadmium as Cd mg/l 0.001
12. Total Chromium as Cr mg/l 0.04
13. Mercury as Hg mg/l 0.001
For Surface Water
S.No. Parameter Unit Detection Limit
1. Zinc as Zn mg/l 0.1
2. Iron as Fe mg/l 0.05
3. Fluoride as F mg/l 0.1
4. Cadmium as Cd mg/l 0.02
5. Total Chromium as Cr mg/l 0.06
6. Mercury as Hg mg/l 0.001
8. Aluminium as Al mg/l 0.01
9. Boron as B mg/l 0.1
For Soil
S.No. Parameter Unit Detection Limit
1. Zinc as Zn (mg/kg) 1.0
2. Lead as Pb (mg/kg) 1.0
3. Manganese as Mn (mg/kg) 1.0
4. Chromium as Cr (mg/kg) 1.0
5. Cadmium as Cd (mg/kg) 1.0
6. Copper as Cu (mg/kg) 1.0
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ANNEXURE- II
LAND PERMISSION
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ANNEXURE-III
LAND PAPERS
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ANNEXURE –IV
LAND DOCUMENT
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ANNEXURE-V
MEMORANDUM OF ASSOCIATION
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ANNEXURE-VI
RENEWAL OF CONSENT TO OPERATE
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ANNEXURE-VII
RENEWAL OF CONSENT TO OPERATE OF HAZARDOUS WASTE
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ANNEXURE-VIII
APPLICATION FOR NOC
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ANNEXURE-IX
COPY OF ELECTRICITY BILL