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DRAFT
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT
REPORT
For
Avverahalli Dobaspet Industrial Area 4th
Phase in
the villages Yedehalli, Chandana Hosahalli,
Honnenahalli, Kengal Kempohalli, Avverahalli,
K.G.Srinivasapura, Billanakote, Nelamangala
Taluk, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka
Submitted to
Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB)
Head Office Address: Karnataka State Pollution Control Board "Parisara Bhavan", #49,4th & 5th Floor, Church Street, Bangalore-560001
Project Proponent
Karnataka Industrial Area Development Board (KIADB)
KIADB Office 14/3, 2nd Floor, R.P. Building, Nrupathunga Road, Bangalore-560 001
Project Consultant
M/s. ABC Techno Labs India Private Ltd
MES Road, Muthyalanagar, Bangalore-560054 Ph: 080-23457777
Fax: 080-23453737
Email: [email protected]
Web: www.abctechnolab.com
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 PROFILE OF THE PROJECT PROPONENT ................................................................................................... 1
1.2 PROJECT LOCATION ................................................................................................................................ 2
1.3 NEED AND JUSTIFICATION OF PROJECT ................................................................................................... 3
1.4 REGULATORY FRAME WORK ................................................................................................................... 3
1.5 EIA CONSULTANT .................................................................................................................................... 4
1.6 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT ....................................................................................................................... 4
1.7 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY .............................................................................................................................. 5
1.8 SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY ........................................................................................... 5
1.9 APPROVED TOR FOR EIA STUDY BY MOEF .............................................................................................. 6
1.10 PLAN OF ACTION ................................................................................................................................ 6
1.11 REPORT .............................................................................................................................................. 7
2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................ 8
2.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND .......................................................................................................................... 8
2.2 JUSTIFICATION FOR SELECTING PROPOSED PROJECT SITE ..................................................................... 10
2.3 EXISTING LAND USE PATTERN ............................................................................................................... 10
2.4 EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE ................................................................................................................. 10
2.5 PROJECT LOCATION & CONNECTIVITY .................................................................................................. 11
2.6 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING OF THE SITE ............................................................................................... 14
2.7 OCCUPANCY DETAILS ............................................................................................................................ 14
2.8 WATER SUPPLY ..................................................................................................................................... 15
2.9 SEWAGE GENERATION .......................................................................................................................... 15
2.10 SOLID WASTE GENERATION, COLLECTION, TRANSPORT AND DISPOSAL ........................................... 19
2.11 POWER DETAILS ............................................................................................................................... 21
3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT .......................................................................... 22
3.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 22
3.2 SCOPE OF THE BASELINE STUDY ............................................................................................................ 22
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3.3 TEMPERATURE...................................................................................................................................... 28
3.4 WIND PATTERN AT THE PROPOSED SITE ............................................................................................... 31
3.5 RAINFALL .............................................................................................................................................. 34
3.6 TOPOGRAPHY OF THE SITE ................................................................................................................... 35
3.7 EXISTINGLAND USE OF THE SITE ........................................................................................................... 37
3.8 WATER BODIES ..................................................................................................................................... 37
3.9 GEOMORPHOLOGY AND SOIL TYPES ..................................................................................................... 38
3.10 HYDROGEOLOGY .............................................................................................................................. 42
3.11 GROUND WATER QUALITY ............................................................................................................... 43
3.12 NATURAL HAZARD VULNERABILITY .................................................................................................. 44
3.13 AIR ENVIRONMENT .......................................................................................................................... 45
3.14 NOISE ENVIRONMENT ...................................................................................................................... 51
3.15 WATER ENVIRONMENT .................................................................................................................... 55
3.16 SOIL ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................................................ 60
3.17 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT............................................................................................................ 64
3.16 ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY ......................................................................................................... 66
3.17 SOCIO- ECONOMIC PROFILE ............................................................................................................. 66
3.18 EXISTING STATUS OF INDUSTRIAL AREAS IN THE DISTRICT BANGALORE RURAL .............................. 72
3.19 RESETTLEMENT AND RELOCATION ................................................................................................... 75
4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES ............ 76
4.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 76
4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS AND IMPACTS ANALYSIS ........................................................................... 77
4.3 IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE ............................................................................................ 79
4.4 IMPACTS DURING OPERATION PHASE .................................................................................................. 86
4.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION AND ENHANCEMENT MEASURESDURING CONSTUCTION PHASE ........ 88
4.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION AND ENHANCEMENT MEASURES DURING OPERATION PHASE ........... 96
5. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM ............................................................ 108
5.1 GENERAL............................................................................................................................................. 108
5.2 OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ...................................................................... 108
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5.3 SUGGESTED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ........................................................................... 110
6. ADDITIONAL STUDIES...................................................................................................... 112
6.1 RISK ASSESSMENT .............................................................................................................................. 112
6.2 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION ................................................................................................................... 112
6.3 Hazard Assessment and Evaluation .................................................................................................... 113
6.4 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN (DMP) ............................................................................................... 114
6.5 HAZARDOUS CONTROL MEASURES ..................................................................................................... 116
6.6 RISK AND EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN ..................................................................................... 122
6.7 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS TRAINING ............................................................................................. 123
6.8 FIRST AID AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES ......................................................................................... 125
7. PROJECT BENEFITS ........................................................................................................... 126
7.1 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT ........................................................................................ 126
7.2 IMPACT ON PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ............................................................................................ 126
7.3 IMPACT ON SOCIO – ECONOMIC FACTORS ......................................................................................... 127
7.4 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL .................................................................................................................. 127
8. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGAEMENT PLAN ................................................................. 128
8.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 128
8.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL .............................................................................................. 129
8.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE.......................................... 131
8.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN DURING OPERATIONAL PHASE ............................................ 134
8.5 BUDGETARY PROVISION ..................................................................................................................... 139
9. ADDITIONAL CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY ...................... 141
9.1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 141
9.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: ...................................................................................................................... 142
9.3 FUNCTIONS: ........................................................................................................................................ 142
9.4 KIADB - As a Premier Industrial Area Developer ................................................................................. 142
10. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION ......................................................................................... 144
10.1 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................................. 144
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10.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING OF THE SITE ......................................................................................... 144
10.3 SITE CONNECTIVITY ........................................................................................................................ 145
10.4 PROJECT SITE AREA ........................................................................................................................ 145
10.5 WATER REQUIREMENT OF THE SITE ............................................................................................... 146
10.6 WASTEWATER GENERATION .......................................................................................................... 147
10.7 SOLID WASTE GENERATION ........................................................................................................... 147
10.8 POWER REQUIREMENT .................................................................................................................. 147
10.9 BASELINE STUDY ............................................................................................................................ 148
10.10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN ............... 149
10.11 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM .................................................................................. 150
10.12 CONCLUSION .................................................................................................................................. 151
11. DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ............................................................................... 152
11.1 ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED ................................................................................... 152
11.2 OUR SERVICES ................................................................................................................................ 152
11.3 STUDY TEAM .................................................................................................................................. 154
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1.1: Project Details ................................................................................................................................. 1 Table 2.1: The project land use details ............................................................................................................. 8 Table 2.2: Site Salient Features ...................................................................................................................... 14 Table 2.3: Raw Water Quality ........................................................................................................................ 16 Table 2.4: Treated Effluent Quality for Secondary Treatment Plant and Tertiary Treatment ......................... 16 Table 2.5: Type of waste from Industrial Phase and Non Industrial Phase ..................................................... 20 Table 2.6: Estimated Solid Waste Quantity from Avverahalli Industrial Area ................................................ 21 Table 3.1: Various Environmental Attributes ................................................................................................. 22 Table 3.2: Frequency and Monitoring Methodology ...................................................................................... 23 Table 3.3: Udupi District Weather Report for September, 2013 ..................................................................... 28 Table 3.4: Udupi District Weather Report for October, 2013 ......................................................................... 28 Table 3.5: Udupi District Weather Report for November, 2013 ...................................................................... 29 Table 3.6: Udupi District Weather Report for December, 2013 ...................................................................... 30 Table 3.7: Wind data (2013) ........................................................................................................................... 31 Table 3.8: Rainfall data from 2008 to 2012 .................................................................................................... 35 Table 3.9: The project land use details ........................................................................................................... 37 Table 3.10: List of water bodies located near to Project Site .......................................................................... 38 Table 3.11: Earthquakes in India .................................................................................................................... 45 Table 3.12: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations .................................................................................. 46 Table 3.13: Techniques for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring .......................................................................... 48 Table 3.14: Summary of Ambient Air Monitoring........................................................................................... 49 Table 3.15: Noise Monitoring Locations ......................................................................................................... 52 Table 3.16: Ambient Noise Levels Recorded in the Study Area dB(A) ............................................................. 54 Table 3.17: Ambient Noise Standards [dB (A)] ............................................................................................... 54 Table 3.18: Water Sampling Locations ........................................................................................................... 56 Table 3.19: Results for Ground water Analysis ............................................................................................... 58 Table 3.20: Soil Sampling Locations ............................................................................................................... 61 Table 3.21: Soil Analysis Results .................................................................................................................... 62 Table 3.22: Standard Soil Classifications ........................................................................................................ 62 Table 3.23: Floristic Composition in the Study Area ....................................................................................... 65 Table 3.24: Fauna Present in the Study Area .................................................................................................. 65 Table 3.25: Socio – Economic Status of the Study Area as per Census 2001 ................................................... 69 Table 3.26: Existing land status of industries in the Bangalore rural district .................................................. 72 Table 3.27: Industrial estates developed in the district .................................................................................. 73 Table 3.28: List of the units in & Nearby Area ................................................................................................ 74 Table 4.1: Activity - Impact Identification Matrix ........................................................................................... 78 Table 4.2: Emission Factors for Various Construction Equipment’s ................................................................ 81 Table 4.3: Pollutants Released From Light Duty Trucks .................................................................................. 82 Table 4.4: Construction Fugitive Dust Emission Factors ................................................................................. 82 Table 4.5: Construction Equipment Noise Emission Levels ............................................................................. 83 Table 4.6: Emission Limits for DG Sets Prescribed By CPCB ............................................................................ 92 Table 4.7: Calculation of the Size of the Collection Space and Storage Tank .................................................. 98 Table 4.8: Values of run-off coefficient ........................................................................................................ 101 Table 4.9: RWH Computation....................................................................................................................... 101 Table 5.1: Environmental Monitoring Schedule ........................................................................................... 111 Table 6.1: Preliminary Hazard Analysis for Process and Storage Areas......................................................... 114 Table 6.2: Preliminary Hazard Analysis for the Whole Plant in General ....................................................... 114 Table 6.3: First Aid for Burns ........................................................................................................................ 125 Table 8.1: EMP &Environmental Management Cost .................................................................................... 140 Table 10.1: Site Salient Features .................................................................................................................. 144 Table 10.2: Details of the site connectivity .................................................................................................. 145 Table 10.3: Land use Breakup of the proposed project ................................................................................ 145 Table 10.4: Estimated Solid Waste Quantity from Avverahalli Industrial Area ............................................. 147 Table 10.5: Environmental Monitoring Program .......................................................................................... 150 Table 11.1: Study Team ................................................................................................................................ 154
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1.1: Location of the Project ................................................................................................................... 2 Figure 2.1: Location of the Project site ............................................................................................................. 9 Figure 2.2: Connectivity to the site ................................................................................................................ 12 Figure 2.3: Road Connectivity Layouts ........................................................................................................... 13 Figure 2.4: Water Balance Flow Sheet ............................................................................................................ 15 Figure 2.5: Flow Diagram for Water Cycling in Industrial Area ....................................................................... 19 Figure 3.1: Satellite Imagery of the site (10 Km radius) .................................................................................. 24 Figure 3.2: Topo map 5 & 10 km radius showing the project location and nearest habitats ........................... 25 Figure 3.3: Satellite Imagery showing the project location and Road Connectivity ........................................ 26 Figure 3.4: LandUse/ Land Cover 5 & 10 km radius showing the project location & surrounding features ..... 27 Figure 3.5: Wind rose for the month of October ............................................................................................ 32 Figure 3.6: Wind rose for the month of November ........................................................................................ 33 Figure 3.7: Wind rose for the month of December ......................................................................................... 34 Figure 3.8: Rainfall Data From 2008-2012 ...................................................................................................... 35 Figure 3.9: Topo map 5, 10 & 15 km radius showing the project location and surrounding features .............. 36 Figure 3.10: water bodies near to Project Site ............................................................................................... 38 Figure 3.11: Drainage and Hydrography Monitoring of Bangalore Rural District ............................................ 40 Figure 3.12: Drainage map of Project Site ...................................................................................................... 41 Figure 3.13: Hydrogeology Map of Bangalore Rural District ........................................................................... 42 Figure 3.14: Ground Water Quality of Bangalore Rural District ...................................................................... 43 Figure 3.15: Seismic Zonation Map of India ................................................................................................... 44 Figure 3.16: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations ................................................................................. 47 Figure 3.17: Graphical Representation of PM10 & PM2.5 ................................................................................. 50 Figure 3.18: Graphical Representation of NOx& SO2 ....................................................................................... 51 Figure 3.19: Noise Monitoring Locations ........................................................................................................ 53 Figure 3.20: Graphical Representation of Noise Levels .................................................................................. 55 Figure 3.21: Water Sampling Locations .......................................................................................................... 57 Figure 3.22: Soil Sampling Locations .............................................................................................................. 61 Figure 3.23: Texture Classification of Soil Samples ......................................................................................... 63 Figure 3.24: Nutrient Content of Soil Samples ............................................................................................... 63 Figure 3.25: Literacy Rate in the Honnenahalli village ................................................................................... 70 Figure 3.26: Distribution of Work force in the proposed Project Site ............................................................. 71 Figure 4.1: Two Broad Areas of Rainwater Harvesting ................................................................................... 98 Figure 4.2: Rain Water Harvesting Pit .......................................................................................................... 102 Figure 8.1: Environmental Management Cell ............................................................................................... 129 Figure 9.1: Organisation Chart ..................................................................................................................... 141 Figure 10.1: water balance flow sheet ......................................................................................................... 146
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COMPLIANCE TO TERMS OF REFERENCE GIVEN BY STATE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY, KARNATAKA Ref: Lr. No KSEAC/MEETING/2013 dated 06.04.2013
Introduction Chapter-1
1. Executive summary of the project- giving a prima facie idea of the objectives of the proposal, use of resources, justification, etc. In addition, it should provide a compilation of EIA report including EMP and post-project monitoring plan in brief.
The land and the proof for land ownership consolidated document for entire area is enclosed as Annexure I and Please refer Chapter-1 for other details.
Project description Chapter-2
2. Details of the industries, for which the estate is being planned and their proposed capacities of installation, if available. In the absence of complete details, indicate the type of industries and capacity being considered.
List of industries not available, only Orange and Green Category industries are allotting for this project.
3. Land requirement for the project including the peripheral greenbelt inside the boundary.
Please refer Table 2.1: The project land use details
4. Justification for selecting the proposed size of the IEs.
Please refer Content 2.2: JUSTIFICATION FOR SELECTING PROPOSED PROJECT SITE
5. Details on strategy being followed for development of IE.
6. Layout map of estate indicating processing zones, admin area, roads, plots, green belt, common utilities area, etc., shall be shall be shown along with contour map. Landscape plan including open spaces may be described.
Layout map is enclosed as Annexure VI
7. Classify the proposed industries based on their pollution potential to the extent possible i.e., A1 to A4 categories for air pollution and W1 to W4 categories for water pollution – CPCB Guidance may be referred for classification.
All the industries come under Orange & Green category. Present industries are not allotted by KIADB.
8. Backward and forward linkages of the IEs (availability of input resources and markets for the products/by-products and anticipated benefits for the regional development).
Please refer chapter 2
9. Details of Infrastructure Development within the IE and in the region.
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10. Details on known industrial activity-specific proposed processes, resource consumption and rejects assessment.
11. Details on estimated quantity of fuel required, fuel type, nature, source and transportation.
12. Details on estimated water balance taking into account conservation measures, reuse and recycling of treated effluents.
Please refer Figure 2.7: Water balance flow sheet
13. Individual and/or common facilities for waste collection, treatment, recycling and disposal (all effluent, emission and refuse including MSW, and hazardous wastes).
Please refer Content: 2.10: SOLID WASTE GENERATION, COLLECTION, TRANSPORT AND DISPOSAL Table 2.6: Estimated Solid Waste Quantity from Avverahalli Industrial Area
14. Commitment from the concerned authorities regarding availability of power, water and sewerage network.
Please refer Content: 2.9: SEWAGE GENERATION 2.10: SOLID WASTE GENERATION, COLLECTION, TRANSPORT AND DISPOSAL 2.11: POWER DETAILS
15. Details of Solid Waste management including arrangements for hazardous waste management and e-waste.
Please refer Content: 2.10: SOLID WASTE GENERATION, COLLECTION, TRANSPORT AND DISPOSAL Table 2.5: Type of waste from Industrial Phase and Non Industrial Phase
16. Details on provisions made for safety in storage of materials, products and wastes.
Please refer chapter 2
17. Details on use of local building materials. The provision of fly ash Notification should be kept in view.
18. Detailed plan of treated water disposal, reuse and utilization/management.
19. In case of site leveling involving quarrying, details thereof.
20. Any litigation pending against the project and/or any direction/ order passed by any Court of Law related to the environmental pollution and impacts in the last two years, if so, details thereof.
Description of the environment Chapter- 3 21. The project study area for EIA studies
shall be up to a distance of 10km from the boundary of the proposed IE.
Please refer Figure 3.1: Satellite Imagery of the site (10 Km radius)
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22. Location of the project site and nearest habitats with distances from the project site to be demarcated on a topo sheet (1:50,000 scale).
Please refer Figure 3.2: Topo map 5 & 10 km radius showing the project location and nearest habitats
23. Land use based on satellite imagery including location specific sensitivities such as national parks/ wildlife sanctuary, villages, industries, etc. for the study area.
Please refer Figure 3.4: LandUse/ Land Cover 5 & 10 km radius showing the project location & surrounding features Figure 3.10: water bodies near to Project Sit
24. Demography details of all villages falling within the study area.
Please refer Content 3.19: SOCIO- ECONOMIC PROFILE
25. Topography details of the project area. Please refer Content 3.6 Topography of site Figure 3.5: Topo maps 5, 10 & 15 km radius showing the project location and surrounding features
26. Anticipated pollution loads from each of the known composition of industrial units. Cumulative waste water quantity and pollution loads, total solid/ hazardous waste generation etc.
Please refer Chapter2
27. Details of rainwater harvesting and how it will be used in the IE & outfall.
28. The baseline data to be collected from the study area w.r.t. different components of environment viz. air, noise, water, land, and biology and socio-economic. Actual monitoring of baseline environmental components shall be strictly according to the parameters prescribed in the ToR after considering the proposed coverage of parameters by the proponent in draft ToR and shall commence after finalization of ToR by the competent Authority.
29. Identification of existing potential sources of pollution in the study area.
30. Present and projected population; present and proposed land use; planned development activities, issues relating to squatting and relocation, community structure, employment, distribution of income, goods and services; recreation; public health and safety; cultural peculiarities, aspirations and attitudes shall be explored in study.
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31. Details regarding availability of social infrastructure and future projections, details of facilities such as sanitation, fuel, restroom etc. to be provided to the labour force during construction as well as to the casual workers including truck drivers during operation phase.
32. Detailed study of the hydrological and geo-hydrological conditions of the project area including a contour plan indicating slopes and showing drainage pattern and outfall.
33. Information regarding surface hydrology and water regime and impact of the same, if any due to the project.
34. Examine soil characteristics, topography, and rainfall pattern and soil erosion.
35. Details on surface water quality of nearby water sources and other surface drains.
36. Details of ground water quality in and around the IE.
37. Examine water quality with reference to President Organic pollutants, if relevant.
38. Details on water quality for parameters such as pH, temperature (◦C), Oil and grease*, Cyanide* (as CN), Ammoniacal nitrogen* (as N), Phenolic compounds* (as C6H5OH), Hexavalent Chromium*, Total chromium *,Copper*, Nickel*, Lead*, Arsenic*, Mercury*, Cadmium*, Selenium*, Fluoride*, Boron*, Radioactive Materials*, Alfa emitters*, Hc/ml*, Beta emitters*, Hc/ml*, etc. (*- As applicable). These parameters to be determined depend on the type of industries coming in industrial estates.
39. Details on existing ambient air quality and expected, stack and fugitive emissions for PM10, PM 2.5, SO2*, NOx*, O3, suspended particulates, VOC, Mercury, etc., and evaluation of the adequacy of the proposed pollution control devices to meet standards for point sources and to meet AAQ standards. (* - As applicable and these parameters to be determined depends on the type of industries coming in
Please refer content: 3.13 AIR ENVIRONMENT
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industrial estates).
40. The air quality contours may be plotted on a location map showing the location of project site, habitation nearby, sensitive receptors, if any wind roses.
41. Mathematical modeling for calculating the dispersion of air pollutants and ground level concentration along with emissions from boilers.
42. Details on noise levels at sensitive/commercial receptors.
Please refer content: 3.14 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
43. Site-specific meteorological data including mixing heights and secondary data for future predictions.
Please refer Chapter 3
44. One season site-specific data excluding monsoon season.
45. Proposed baseline monitoring network for the consideration and approval of the Component Authority.
46. Fuel analysis to be provided (sulphur, ash content and mercury). Details of auxiliary fuel, if any including its quality, storage, etc., should also be given.
47. Examine entry/exit of the project including the crossings from the highway and provisions of service roads on the basis of traffic density studies and analysis.
48. Climatic conditions of the study area shall be monitored for hourly wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity, ambient dry and wet bulb temperatures and precipitation.
49. Ecological status (terrestrial and aquatic) of the study area such as habitat type and quality, species, diversity, rarity, fragmentation, ecological linkage, age abundance, etc.
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50. If ecologically sensitive attributes fall within the study area, proponent shall describe the sensitivity (distance, area and significance) and propose the additional points based on significance for review and acceptance by the EAC/SEAC. Ecological sensitive attribute include:
National parks
Wild life sanctuaries Game reserve
Tiger reserve/elephant reserve/turtle nesting ground
Mangrove area
Wetlands
Reserved and protected forests, etc.
Any other closed / protected area under the Wild Life (protection) Act, 1972, any other locally applicable.
51. If any incompatible land use attributes fall within the study area, proponent s hall describe the sensitivity (distance, area and significance) and propose the additional points based on significance for review and acceptance by the EAC/SEAC. Ecological sensitive attribute include:
Public water supply areas from rivers/surface water bodies, from ground water
Scenic areas/ tourism areas/hill resorts
Religious places, pilgrim centers that attract over 10lakh pilgrims a year
Protected tribal settlements (notified tribal areas where industrial activity is not permitted)
Monuments of national significance, World Heritage Sites
Cyclone, Tsunami prone areas (based on last 25 years);
Airport areas
Any other feature as specified by the State or local government and other features as locally applicable, including prime agricultural lands,
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pastures migratory corridors, etc.
52. If the location falls in Valley, specific issues connected to the natural resources management shall be studied and presented.
53. If the location falls in CRZ area: A CRZ map duly authenticated by one of the authorized agencies demarcating LTL,HTL, CRZ area, location of the project and associate facilities w.r.t. CRZ, coastal features such as mangroves, if any.
Provide the CRZ map in 1:10000 scale in general cases and in 1:5000 scales for specific observations.
Proposed site for disposal of dredged material and environmental quality at the point of disposal/impact areas.
Fisheries study should be done w.r.t. Benthos and Marine organic material and coastal fisheries.
Anticipated environmental impacts
and mitigation measures
Chapter-4
54. Anticipated generic environmental impacts due to this project which may be evaluated for significance and based on corresponding likely impacts VECs may be identified. Baseline studies may be conducted for all the concerned VECs and likely impacts will have to be assessed for their magnitude in order to identify mitigation measures.
Please refer content: 4.2: ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS AND IMPACTS ANALYSIS 4.3: IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE 4.4: IMPACTS DURING OPERATION PHASE 4.5: ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION AND ENHANCEMENT MEASURES DURING constructional PHASE 4.6: ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION AND ENHANCEMENT MEASURES DURING OPERATIONAL PHASE
55. While identifying the likely impacts, also include the following for analysis of significance and required mitigation measures:
Impacts due to transportation of raw materials and end products on the surrounding environment.
Impacts on surface water, soil, groundwater, drainage due to project activities
Impacts due to air pollution
Impacts due to odour pollution
Impacts due to noise
Impacts due to fugitive emissions
Impact on health of workers due to
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proposed project activities
56. Proposed odour control measures.
57. Examine in detail the proposed site with reference to possible impact of infrastructure covering water supply, pipelines, roads, storm water drainage, sewerage, power, temporary waste storage facilities, treated waste water disposal (land/sewer/surface water bodies), common facilities, etc.
58. Environmental condition scenarios shall be developed based on industrial activities and pollution potentials.
59. Details of traffic density vis-à-vis impact on the ambient air.
60. Cumulative impact on regional supportive capacity shall be studied in terms of population density, water supply, sewerage, storm water drainage, power supply, educational facilities, medical facilities, public transport, traffic, housing for EWS, and community facilities, etc.
61. Details on positive and negative impacts, direct and indirect impacts, induced impacts.
62. Project activities and impacts shall be represented in matrix form with separate matrices for pre and post mitigation scenarios.
63. Traffic management plan including parking and loading/unloading area may be described traffic survey should be carried out on week days and weekends and also analyze the anticipated traffic increase.
64. Odour mitigation plan may be described. Also make provision of green cover as a measure for mitigation of dust and noise and buffer between habitation and industry
65. Rain water harvesting proposals should be made with due safeguards for ground water quality. Maximize recycling of water and utilization of rain water.
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66. Temporary plans for the housing of construction labor within the site with all necessary infrastructure and facilities such as fuel for cooking, mobile toilets, mobile Sewage Treatment Plant (STP), safe drinking water, medical health care, crèche, etc.
67. Proposed measures for occupational safety and health of the workers.
68. Impact of the project on local infrastructure of the area such as road network and whether any additional infrastructure would need to be constructed and the agency responsible for the same with time frame.
69. Action plan for the green belt development – species, width of plantations, planning schedule etc. within the boundary around the IE in accordance to CPCB published guidelines.
70. In case of likely impact from the proposed project on the surrounding reserve forests, plan for the conservation of wild fauna in consultation with the State Forest Department.
71. For identifying the mitigation measures, please refer Chapter III for source control and treatment. Besides typical mitigation measures which may also be.
Analysis of alternative resources and
technologies
No new alternatives are required for this
project
72. Comparison of alternate sites considered and the reasons for selecting the proposed site. Conformity of the site with the prescribed guidelines in terms of CRZ, river, highways, railways, etc.
No new alternatives are required for this project
73. Evaluate alternative disposal modes of effluent and solid wastes, from the point of view of disposal points and associated impacts.
74. All kinds of resources both renewable and non-renewable shall be taken into account.
75. Details on improved technologies.
Environmental monitoring program Chapter-5
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76. Monitoring programme for pollution control at source.
Please refer Content: 5.2: OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 5.3: SUGGESTED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN Table 5.1: Environmental Monitoring Schedule
77. Monitoring pollutants at receiving environment for the appropriate notified parameter- air quality, groundwater, surface water, etc. during operational phase of the project.
78. Specific programme to monitor safety and health protection of workers.
79. Appropriate monitoring network has to be designed and proposed, to assess the possible residual impacts on VECs.
80. Details of in-house monitoring capabilities and the recognized agencies if proposed for conducting monitoring
Additional studies Chapter-6
81. Details on risk assessment and damage control during different phases of the project and proposed safeguard measures.
Please refer Content 6.1: RISK ASSESSMENT 6.2: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 6.3: DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN (DMP) 6.4: HAZARDOUS CONTROL MEASURES 6.5: RISK AND EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN 6.4: EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS TRAINING 6.5: FIRST AID AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES Table 6.1: Preliminary Hazard Analysis for Process and Storage Areas Table 6.2: Preliminary Hazard Analysis for the Whole Plant in General Table 6.3: First Aid for Burn
82. Details on socio-economic development activities such as commercial property values, generation of Jobs, education, social conflicts, cultural status, accidents, etc.
83. Proposed plan to handle the socio-economic influence on the local community. The plan should include quantitative dimension as far as possible.
84. Details on compensation package for the people affected by the project, considering the socio-economic status of the area, homestead oustees, land oustees and landless labourers.
85. Public hearing should be conducted as per the prescribed procedure. Points identified in the public hearing and commitment of the project proponent to the same. Detailed action plan addressing the issues raised, and the details of necessary allocation of funds.
86. The historical importance of the area shall also be examined on the study. While this analysis is being conducted, it is expected that an assessment of public perception of the proposed development
xvii
be conducted.
87. Describe the application of industrial ecology concept for planning of IEs. Explore possibility of utilizing waste of one unit as raw material for the other units.
88. Specific chemical emergency response and proposed rescue system.
89. Details on corporate social responsibility proposal.
Environmental management plan Chapter-8
90. Administrative and technical organizational structure to ensure proposed post –project monitoring programme for approved mitigation measures.
Please refer Content 8.2:ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL 8.3:EMP DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE 8.4:ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN DURING OPERATIONAL PHASE 8.5: BUDGETARY PROVISION Figure 8.1: Environmental Management Cell Table 8.1: EMP &Environmental Management Cost
91. EMP devised to mitigate the adverse impacts of the project should be provided along with item –wise cost of its implementation (capital and recurring costs).
92. Allocation of resources and responsibilities for plan implementation.
93. Details of the emergency preparedness plan and on-site and off-site disaster management plan.
ADDITIONAL CORPORATE
ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY
Chapter-9
94. Does the company have a well laid down Environment Policy approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report.
Please refer Content 9.2: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: 9.3: FUNCTIONS : 9.4: KIADB - AS A PREMIER INDUSTRIAL AREA DEVELOPER Figure 9.1: Organisation Chart
95. Does the Environmental Policy prescribe for standard operating process/procedures to bring into foals any infringement/ deviation/ violation of the environmental or forest norms / conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA.
96. What is the hierarchical system or Administrative order of the company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the EC conditions? Details of this system may be given.
xviii
97. Does the company have a system of reporting of non-compliances / violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and / or shareholders or stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism should be detailed in the EIA report.
LIST OF ANNEXURES
ANNEXURES DESCRIPTION
Annexures I Land Documents
Annexures II Approved TOR
Annexures III Estimated Project Cost
Annexures IV Water NOC received from KIADB
Annexures V letter of STP, CETP and Solid Waste Management NOC received from KIADB
Annexures VI Power NOC received from KIADB
Annexures VII Layout Plan
INTRODUCTION
Page 1
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 PROFILE OF THE PROJECT PROPONENT
Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board (KIADB) is a wholly owned infrastructure
agency of Government of Karnataka, set up under Karnataka Industrial Areas Development
Act of 1966. This Board functions as per statutory provisions, rules and regulations enacted
there under. The Board comprises of senior government officers in their ex-officio
capacities. KIADB holds pride in being the first government organisation in Karnataka to
obtain ISO 9001 certification in the year 1997.
The KIADB is following now ISO 9001:2000 module covering its functions of Land
Acquisition, Development and Allotment functions in Nelamangala Taluk and Bangalore
Rural district.
KIADB has so far developed 141 industrial areas in 28 districts of the State. KIADB has
proposed to develop Avverahalli Industrial Area at Dobaspet 4th Phase in the villages of
Yedehalli, Chandana Hosahalli, Honnenahalli, Kengal Kempohalli, Avverahalli,
K.G.Srinivaspura, Billanakote, Nelamangala Taluk, and Bangalore Rural District.
Table 1.1: Project Details
Sl. No Particular Details
1. Project Proponent Karnataka Industrial Area Development (KIADB)
2. Project Name Establishment of Avverahalli Industrial Area at
Dobaspet 4th Phase
3. Project Location In the villages Yedehalli, Chandana Hosahalli,
Honnenahalli, Kengal Kempohalli, Avverahalli,
K.G.Srinivasapura, Billanakote, Nelamangala Taluk,
Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka.
4. Land Requirement 360.57 Hectares (891.25 Acres)
5. Schedule & Category 341.65Hectares (844.23 Acres)
6. Total Cost of the project 7 (C) & B category
INTRODUCTION
Page 2
1.2 PROJECT LOCATION
The proposed project site is located at Dobaspet 4th Phase in the villages Yedehalli,
Chandana Hosahalli, Honnenahalli, Kengal Kempohalli, Avverahalli, K.G.Srinivasapura,
Billanakote, Nelamangala Taluk, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka. The project location is
shown in Figure 1.1.
Figure 1.1: Location of the Project
INTRODUCTION
Page 3
1.3 NEED AND JUSTIFICATION OF PROJECT
The Dobaspet area is probably the industrialized area in the State of Karnataka and as such
there is not only influx of industries but also due to creation of new industries more workers
and man power have joined this places leading to a substantial increase in the population.
The project will generate direct and indirect employment opportunities for the local people.
The plant will create additional employment during construction & operational phase.
Additionally, certain works like security will be outsourced on contract. The secondary
employment in the form of providing services to the employed manpower will also be
developed in the neighboring villages.
Raw materials can be sourced locally. Hence the cost for procurement is less
Increase in Market & Business Establishment facilities
The State Government will benefit through revenue recovery from excise duty.
1.4 REGULATORY FRAME WORK
As per the Ministry of Environment & Forests (MOEF), Government of India EIA Notification
2006 and as amended on December 1, 2009, prior environmental clearance if necessary
before commissioning of the plant. The proposed project is covered under Schedule 7(c)
Category 'B' as per the Schedule of EIA Notification and hence requires environmental
clearance from MOEF.
Public hearing shall be conducted for the project as per provisions of Environmental Impact
Assessment Notification, 2006 and the issues raised by the public shall be addressed in the
EIA/EMP. More Applicable laws rules and acts:
The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. (Amended 1988)
The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977. (Amended 1991)
Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981. (Amended 1987)
The Environmental (Protection) Rules 1986. (Amended 2002)
The Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986.
The hazardous Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 1989 Under E.P.A. Act, 1986
(Amended 2000; 2003 & 2008)
E- Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2011
INTRODUCTION
Page 4
1.5 EIA CONSULTANT
The proponents have engaged M/s ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd. Bangalore to carry out
EIA study.
1.6 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT
Every anthropogenic activity has some impact on the environment that often has a harmful
effect on the environment. However, mankind as it is developed today cannot live without
taking up these activities for their food, security and other daily needs. Therefore,
harmonious developmental activities with proper environmental consideration are essential
for any developmental activity. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an important tool
and essential technique available with the planners by which information about the
environmental effects of a project is clearly understood. This Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) study undertaken is mainly focused on identification of environmental
aspects of the project site, its impact on pre and post commissioning. A detailed prediction
of all environmental impacts associated with the various activities during the construction
and operation phases of the proposed plant and suggesting suitable measures to navigate
the observed adverse environmental impacts.
In other words, we can say that the purpose of an EIA is to determine the potential
environmental, social and health effects of a proposed development. It is a systematic
examination of the environmental consequences of projects, policies, plans and programs.
Its main aim is to provide decision-makers with an account of the implications of alternative
courses of action before a decision is made.
The Ministry of Environment and Forest (MOEF), Government of India in its latest
Notification (dated 14th September, 2006) on EIA directs that on and from the date of
publication of new Notification construction of new projects or activities or the expansion or
modernization of existing projects or activities listed in the Schedule should undertake the
EIA/EMP study before any construction work. The Schedule of this Notification has
mentioned that activities like building / construction projects / area development projects /
townships require ‘Environmental Clearance’ from the State Level Authority.
INTRODUCTION
Page 5
1.7 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
The objectives of the study are:
To establish the existing environmental settings of the project area based on
information obtained from primary data and compilation of secondary data from
published literature
To evaluate potential environmental impacts from the project during
construction and operational phases and identify appropriate mitigation
measures
To prepare an effective Environment Management Plan for proper
implementation and monitoring of mitigation measures
To develop post study monitoring programme
1.8 SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY
Preparation of relevant application in consultation with the client and Submission of
Form 1, IA & Conceptual Plan to MOEF to obtain Terms of Reference;
Presentation to the Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC) for approval of the Terms of
Reference in connection with the application submitted;
Conducting Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Studies for establishing the
initial baseline data on environmental parameters like air, water, noise level, land
use pattern, soil data, micrometeorological data, existing level of traffic and
communication, biological and archaeological components of study area and socio
economic data in the study region. The normal practice is to carry out the study for a
period of one season except monsoon. (i.e., Three Months);
Preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Report after Identification of
areas of concern and measures of their possible impact for the proposed project
&proposing appropriate Environmental Management & monitoring Plan;
Submitting the final EIA Report by incorporating Terms of References in consultation
with the client to the State Expert Appraisal Committee for Environmental Clearance;
and
Final presentation to SEAC and obtaining Environmental Clearance;
INTRODUCTION
Page 6
1.9 APPROVED TOR FOR EIA STUDY BY MOEF
The application for the scoping of the said project has been submitted to the SEAC & SEIAA
Presentation for the scoping of the project (Terms of Reference (TOR) approval for EIA
study) was held on 14/March/2013. SEAC has issued the TOR for the EIA study on
06/April/2013. Copy of the issued TOR has been annexed as Annexure – II.
1.10 PLAN OF ACTION
The following is the broad work plan of the consultant.
Collection and collation of relevant data / information relating to the project
from the concerned departments, agencies and identification of information
gaps if any.
Review and analysis of secondary data collected as above to delineate the
baseline status of various environmental components and socio economic
parameters.
During the EIA study the applicable legal, policy and institutional frameworks will
also be addressed. Additionally the environmental standards pertaining to air
quality, water quality, noise emission and sewage/effluent discharge will be
considered for selection of appropriate mitigation measures to maintain the
assimilative capacity of environment. In a nutshell such standards will be used as
a control mechanism to limit the possible impacts to environment.
Monitoring of Ambient Air Quality, Water Quality, Noise and soil quality at
different locations within 15 Km radius of the project site leading to the firming
up of information on the identified issues / constraints and possible mitigation
measures thereof.
Discussions with various stake holders in the project to identify their views /
concerns / expectations, their knowledge base with respect to the proposed
project, their roles, etc. The outcome of such discussions would be complied and
consolidated for incorporation in the report.
Based on the assessment of impacts, proper mitigation measures shall be incorporated for
the construction and operation phase of the project, along with Management plan,
Monitoring plan and budget provisions for various Environmental aspects of the project.
INTRODUCTION
Page 7
1.11 REPORT
The environmental assessment report will be concise and limited to significant
environmental issues. The main text will focus on findings, conclusions and recommended
actions supported by summaries of the data collected and citations for any references used
in interpreting those data. The environmental assessment report will be organized according
to the outline below.
Chapter 1:-INTRODUCTION
Chapter 2:-PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Chapter 3:-DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Chapter 4:-ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
Chapter 5:- ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
Chapter 6:- ADDITIONAL STUDIES
Chapter 7:- PROJECT BENIFITS
Chapter 8:-ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
Chapter 9:- ADDITIONALCORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY
Chapter 10:- SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
Chapter 11:- DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS ENGAGED
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Page 8
2. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
2.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND
The proposed development of of Avverahalli Industrial Area of 844.23 Acres plot area at
Dobaspet 4th Phase in the villages of Yedehalli, Chandana Hosahalli, Honnenahalli, Kengal
Kempohalli, Avverahalli, K.G.Srinivaspura, Billanakote, Nelamangala Taluk, and Bangalore
rural District. KIADB has also acquired lands to cater the specific needs of individual
industrial units (Single Unit Complexes). Industries which are allotting come under orange &
red category. Total Cost Balance Sheet of the project is enclosed in Annexure III and Project
layout including survey numbers is enclosed in Annexure VII.
The project land use details are given below in Table 2.1.
Table 2.1: The project land use details
S.No Description Acres % of Land Use
1 Industries 416.65 49.35
2 Commercial 24.54 2.91
3 Amenity 19.03 2.25
4 Utility 23.89 2.83
5 Residential 43.24 5.12
6 Park 77.97 9.24
7 Buffer 183.96 9.95
8 Truck Parking 41.38 4.90
9 Road 113.57 13.45
Total Area 844.23 100
The proposed industrial area will include following infrastructure facilities:
Industrial Plots STP & CETP
Approach roads Power Sub-Stations
Internal roads with storm water drains Solid Waste Incinerator
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Page 9
Power supply and street lighting Rain Water Harvesting System
Water supply network Public utilities
Parking/Buffer zone area. Green Belt Development
Housing complex Commercial
This chapter includes all the details of the project and its specific activities that will be
considered for investigation of the significant adverse impacts, the report also provides
specific measures that shall be put into practice to minimize the impact on the environment.
The site map showing the Project location is shown in Figure 2.1.
Figure 2.1: Location of the Project site
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Page 10
2.2 JUSTIFICATION FOR SELECTING PROPOSED PROJECT SITE
The Dobespet area is probably the industrialized area in the State of Karnataka and as such
there is not only influx of industries but also due to creation of new industries more workers
and man power have joined this places leading to a substantial increase in the population.
The project will generate direct and indirect employment opportunities for the local people.
The plant will create additional employment during construction & operational phase.
Additionally, certain works like security will be outsourced on contract. The secondary
employment in the form of providing services to the employed manpower will also be
developed in the neighboring villages.
Raw materials can be sourced locally. Hence the cost for procurement is less
Increase in Market & Business Establishment facilities
The State Government will benefit through revenue recovery from excise duty.
2.3 EXISTING LAND USE PATTERN
The district has 81268 hectares of forests, which constitutes (13.88%) of the total
geographical area of the district (585431 ha). The fallow land in the district is around 39426
ha. Net area sown during the year is 2005-06 was around 318211 ha. And 8163 hectares of
land was sown more than once.
2.4 EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE
a) Infrastructure
Industrial Areas in 6 places and 2 Industrial Estates in the district. In addition KIADB
has proposed to establish in an Industrial Area and Industrial Estate are proposed in
the district.
Suvarna Karnataka Development Corridor proposes a Readymade
Garment Zone, Food Processing Zone and Media & Entertainment Zone covering the
District.
b) Industry Profile
Huge scope for industrial growth and development in milk and milk products, food
processing, silk weaving industries aerospace industries for manufacturing of
aerospace components, sub- assemblies etc.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Page 11
Presence of many construction and infrastructure related industries such as bricks,
tiles and stoneware manufacturing
Power loom cluster in Doddaballapura in Bangalore Rural
c) Key Industries
Aerospace, Engineering & Allied Industries
SericultureAgro, Food Processing& Horticulture
Other focus sectors are- Information Technology, Pharmaceuticals,
AutomobilesTextiles, Tourism.
d) Educational Institutions
2 Engineering colleges, 1 medical college, 1 polytechnic and 2 ITIs in Bangalore Rural
District.
The prominent educational institutions are:
SSS Institute of Technology, Byranayakanahalli, Nelamangala Taluk.
JCS Industrial training Institute, Nelamangala.
SJM Polytechnic Nelamangala.
e) Tourism
Sivagange: This destination’s spring water is considered to be very sacred, while the
hillock is populated with a few temples.
Siddaganga mutt: Sree Siddaganga Mutt is an ancient ashram in Tumkur, which is
situated amidst a serene and colourful landscape.
2.5 PROJECT LOCATION & CONNECTIVITY
The project site is located in the villages of Yedehalli, Chandana Hosahalli, Honnenahalli,
Kengal Kempohalli, Avverahalli, K.G.Srinivaspura, Billanakote, Nelamangala Taluk, and
Bangalore rural District. The area lies in the northern latitude of 13°12’56.1” and eastern
longitude of 77°14’27.5”.
a) Rail – Proposed site is around 1.3 Km from Dobaspet railway station
b) Airport - Proposed site is 44.0 Km from Bangalore International airport
The road connectivity layout is given in Figure 2.2 and the road connectivity inside the
project site Layout is given in Figure 2.3.
a) The Existing road connectivity
East: NH4 mumbai to Chennai
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Page 12
West: SH 3 Kanankapura – Ramamagara- Magadi- Pavagadi Road
South: The road which is connecting the NH4 and SH3
Figure 2.2: Connectivity to the site
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Page 13
b) Internal Roads
The development of industrial area includes construction of 45m wide roads, 30m wide
roads, 24m wide roads, 18m wide roads, 15m wide roads and 12m wide roads. Three main
major of roads are proposed for the internal road transportation network and four miners.
The major 30 m wide road is connecting NN4 and SH3 and 45 m wide road is connecting 30
m wide road and NH4 and Proposed STRR BMRDA 90 m wide for the project, which is
adjacent to the project site. The miner roads 24 m, 18m, 15 m wide and 12m wide roads are
connected to major roads. The Road Network Layout is given in Figure2.3
Figure 2.3: Road Connectivity Layouts
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Page 14
2.6 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING OF THE SITE
The proposed site of highlights and salient features is given below in Table 2.2.
Table 2.2: Site Salient Features
Selection criteria Details
Elevation above Mean Sea Level 900 m
Climatic Conditions Max. Temp. 34.0o C
Min. Temp. 15.0o C
Average Rainfall: 859.6 mm
Land availability 844.23 Acres
Nearest Highway NH 4 adjacent to Eastern side
SH 3 adjacent to Western side
Nearest Railway station Dobaspet -1.3 Km (N)
Nearest airport Bangalore Airport- 44.0 Km (E)
Nearest Town / City Nelamangala – 15.0 Km
Bengaluru – 35.0 Km
Topography Plain
Archaeologically important places Nil within 15km radius
National parks/ Wildlife Sanctuaries Nil within 15km radius
Water Bodies/Rivers Lekkanahalli Kere
Kuluvanahalli Kere
Devara Kere
Muddalinganahalli kere
Thyamagondluamami kere
Tavare kere
1.6 Km (E)
2.4 Km (SE)
3.3 Km (W)
5.5 Km (NE)
4.5 Km (E)
5.6 Km (E)
Reserved/ Forests Nil within 15km radius
Seismicity The study area falls under seismic zone-II
Defense Installations Nil in 10 km radius
2.7 OCCUPANCY DETAILS
Total 1800 to 2000 manpower requirement at the construction Period, Inclusive of
Workmen, Supervisors, Engineers, Architects and Managers.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Page 15
2.8 WATER SUPPLY
The estimated water demand during the construction phase is 250 KLD (approx.), 90 KLD for
labors and 160 KLD for construction activities and water demand during the operation
phase is 11.5 MLD. During construction phase the water required will be sourced from
tanker supply and the water for the operation phase is drawn from Hemavathi River for
project needs. To this effect a letter of Water NOC received from KIADB are enclosed in
Annexure IV. Water Balance for the proposed project is given in Figure 2.4.
Figure 2.4: Water Balance Flow Sheet
2.9 SEWAGE GENERATION
Quantity of sewage generated during the construction phase will be 81 KLD. Sewage during
construction phase will be treated in smaller size/packaged (portable type) Sewage
Treatment Plant (STP) which will be based on Submerged Aerobic Fixed Film Reactor (SAFF).
During operation phase sewage generated will be treated in the Sewage Treatment Plant
(STP) planned in 4.7 Ac provided for STP. The estimated Sewage generations during
operation phase, 2.16 MLD. The treated water shall be reused in toilet flushing, gardening
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Page 16
etc. and the wastewater generated from the industries is 7 MLD, which is treated in their
respective Effluent Treatment Plants (ETP) on the bases of advance and zero discharge
concept. The treated water is reuse for industries like cooling, heat exchangers, boilers,
cleaning equipment’s etc. To this effect a letter of STP & CETP Management NOC received
from KIADB are enclosed in Annexure V
a) Design Parameters
i. Raw Waste Water Quality
Table 2.3: Raw Water Quality
S.No Parameter Value Unit
1. Ph 6.5 –7.8 ---
2. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5) 600 mg/l
3. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 1200 mg/l
4. Total Suspended Solids (TSS) 650 mg/l
5. Oil & Grease 100 mg/l
6. Total Coliform 1 x 106 MPN / 100 ml
7. Residual Chlorine NIL Mg/l
8. Temperature Ambient Degree Celsius
9. Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN as N) 100 mg/l
10. Ammonia Nitrogen (as N) 80 mg/l
11. Total Phosphorous (TP) 15 mg/l
ii. Treated Water Quality
The treated effluent quality to be guaranteed as per the standards prescribed by CPCB is as
below:
Table 2.4: Treated Effluent Quality for Secondary Treatment Plant and Tertiary Treatment
S.No Parameters
[Concentration in mg/l except pH & Temperature]
Into inland surface waters
On Land for Irrigation
Marine Coastal Areas
1 pH 5.5-9.0 5.5-9.0 5.5-9.0
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
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S.No Parameters
[Concentration in mg/l except pH & Temperature]
Into inland surface waters
On Land for Irrigation
Marine Coastal Areas
2 BOD (3days at 27°C) 30 100 100
3 Oil & Grease 10 10 20
4 Temperature Shall not exceed 40 °C in any section of the stream within 15 meters down steam from the effluent outlet
- 45 °C at the point of discharge
5 Suspended solids 100 200 (a) For process waste water-
100
(b) For cooling water
effluent, 10% above total
suspended matter of
effluent cooling water
6 DissolvedSolids(inorganic) 2100 2100 -
7 Total residuechlorine 1.0 - 1.0
8 Ammonical nitrogen(AsN) 50 - 50
9 Total Kjeldahl nitrogen(asN)
100 - 100
10 Chemical OxygenDemand 250 - 250
11 Arsenic(asAs) 0.2 0.2 0.2
12 Mercury(asHg) 0.01 - 0.01
13 Lead (asPb) 0.1 - 1.0
14 Cadmium (asCd) 1.0 - 2.0
15 Total Cadmium (asCr) 2.0 - 2.0
16 Copper(asCu) 3.0 - 3.0
17 Zinc(asZn) 5.0 - 15
18 Selenium(as Se) 0.05 - 0.05
19 Nickel (asNi) 3.0 - 5.0
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
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S.No Parameters
[Concentration in mg/l except pH & Temperature]
Into inland surface waters
On Land for Irrigation
Marine Coastal Areas
20 Boron (asB) 2.0 2.0 -
21 Percent Sodium - 60 -
22 Cyanide (asCN) 0.2 0.2 0.2
23 Chloride (asCl) 1000 600 -
24 Fluoride (asF) 2.0 - 15
25 Sulphate (asSO4) 1000 1000 -
26 Sulphide (asS) 2.8 - 5.0
27 Pesticides Absent Absent Absent
28 Phenoliccompounds (asC6H5OH)
1.0 - 5.0
Note: All efforts should be made to remove color and unpleasant odor as far as possible.
b) Design Scheme for Dual Plumbing System
Background of Phases 1 Development
For sustainable development, the dual plumbing of potable and non-potable water supply
system is designed for catering the demand of Industrial.
Design Philosophy for Dual Plumbing System
The proposed development will require water for different purposes i.e, drinking, flushing,
irrigation etc. The water usage can be classified into the following categories-
Potable water supply Non-potable water supply
Water for domestic use (other than non-potable use)
Water for firefighting.
Potable water for industrial and residential use.
Water for flushing purposes
Water for Landscape irrigation
AC make up water
Dual water supply line is proposed for the development consisting of water supply for
potable water use and non-potable water use. This will reduce the pressure on the
requirement of fresh water and also enable no discharge of treated sewage into the storm
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Page 19
water drainage for disposal. The potable water will be supplied with the quality as per IS:
10500, 1991 standards.
The non-potable water will be supplied from the elevated reclaimed water reservoir after
the tertiary treatment of the sewage through ETP and STP. The demand for different types
of water usage is considered as per NBC: 2005 (National Building Code). The proposed water
flow diagram of water cycling is shown in following Figures 2.8 for industrial applications.
Figure 2.5: Flow Diagram for Water Cycling in Industrial Area
2.10 SOLID WASTE GENERATION, COLLECTION, TRANSPORT AND DISPOSAL
a) General
The manufacturing/ production sections will produce the Industrial fraction of waste and
the non-production sections such as administration buildings, green spaces, roads and the
working population will generate the Municipal waste. The quantities of waste likely to be
generated from the proposed project have been estimated on the basis of population and
land use characteristics. For management of Industrial waste individual industrial units may
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Page 20
consider having an agreement with the nearest Treatment, Storage, Disposal Facility (TSDF)
operator to dispose the hazardous waste and 5.8 Ac is provided for Solid Waste &
Incinerator for operational phase. TSDF sites generally have land filling and incineration
facilities are available within their premises.
The industries generating solid waste have to manage such waste by themselves and are
required to seek authorizations from Karnataka Pollution Control Boards under relevant
rules. To this effect a letter of Solid Waste Management NOC received from KIADB are
enclosed in Annexure V.
Table 2.5: Type of waste from Industrial Phase and Non Industrial Phase
Industrial waste
Auto Ancillary Hazardous and non-hazardous waste including Waste oil, Batteries, Aerosol cans, Bleaches, Kitchen drain cleaning agents, Car batteries, Oil filters and car care products, Chemicals, solvents and their empty containers, Cosmetic items, Chemical based Insecticides and containers, Light bulbs, tube lights, CFLs, paints, oils, lubricants, glues, thinners, pesticides and herbicides and their empty containers, photographic chemicals, Styrofoam, soft foam packaging from new equipment, Thermometers, mercury containing products, Commercial and Industrial Packaging Film
Food & FMCG
Electronic & White Goods
Logistics
Ready Built factories (RBF)
ETP Sludge Dried hazardous sludge
Non Industrial waste
Amenities Centre Paper, cardboard, plastics, wood, food wastes
Canteen Paper, cardboard, plastics, wood, food wastes, glass, metals
Utilities Sludge, silt, street sweeping , paper, plastics
Transportation/ Parking Waste oil, lubricants, coolants, paper,, etc
Green/ Open space Dry and wet Leaves, Tree- trimmings, Grass
a) Waste Quantification
The quantities of waste likely to be generated from the industrial and non-industrial phases
have been estimated on the basis of population and land use characteristics. Table 2.6
presents the estimated solid waste quantities from the proposed project.
b) Industrial Solid Waste
Management of Industrial Solid Waste (ISW) is not the responsibility of Rural Local Bodies/
Municipalities. The industries generating solid waste have to manage such waste by
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Page 21
themselves and are required to seek authorizations from Karnataka Pollution Control Boards
under relevant rules.
It is estimated that approximately 756 Kg/day (0.76 TDP) of total industrial waste will be
generated. This waste can be classified as Hazardous Industrial Waste & Non-hazardous
Industrial Waste likely to be generated from Avverahalli Industrial area at Dobaspet 4th
Phase.
c) Municipal Solid Waste
The Avverahalli Industrial area at Dobaspet 4th Phase Development will also generate
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) from Non-Manufacturing/ non-production sections of the
Industrial Units such as Administration blocks, Canteen, Toilets, Utilities, etc due to the
working population in that area along with waste generated from Green spaces, roads,
parking areas.
The estimated quantity of Municipal waste likely to be generated from Avverahalli Industrial
area is 2665 Kg/day (2.7 TPD) and 300 Kg/day sludge from STP.
Table 2.6: Estimated Solid Waste Quantity from Avverahalli Industrial Area
S. No
Solid Waste Bio- Degradable,
in Kg/day
Recyclable, in Kg/day
Non- biodegradable,
in Kg/day
Total waste from different phases,
in Kg/day
1. Industrial Waste
340 91 325 756
2. Municipal Waste
1199 320 1146 2,665
3. STP Sludge 300 300
Total Solid Waste, in Kg/day
1,368 1839 411 1,471
2.11 POWER DETAILS
The power requirement for the proposed development is 63.3 MVA and 10.2 Ac provided
for Sub Station. The source of power will be from KIADB. To this effect a letter of Power
NOC received from KIADB is enclosed in Annexure VI.
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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3. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
3.1 INTRODUCTION
Baseline Environmental Studies have been conducted within the project site to determine
the existing status of various Environmental attributes viz., Climatic and Atmospheric
conditions, Air, Water, Noise, Soil, Hydro geological, Land use pattern, Ecological and Socio-
Economical environment, prior to setting up of the proposed project. This study would help
to undertake corrective mitigation measures for protection of the environment on account
of any change deviation of attributes due to activities of the proposed project.
3.2 SCOPE OF THE BASELINE STUDY
An area around the project site is considered as the study area for the purpose of the
baseline studies. Primary data on Water, Air, Land, Flora, Fauna & Socio-Economic data
were collected by a team of Engineers and Scientists. Secondary data was collected from
various Departments of State/Central Government Organizations, Semi-Government and
Public Sector Organizations. Table 3.1 gives various environmental attributes considered for
formulating environmental baseline and Table 3.2 gives the frequency and monitoring
methodology for various environmental attributes.
Table 3.1: Various Environmental Attributes
S. No.
Attribute Parameter Source of Data
1 Land Use Trend of land use change for different categories
Topo sheet
2 Water Quality
Physical, Chemical and Biological parameters
Water samples are collected at six locations during this study period
3 Ambient Air Quality
RSPM, SPM, SO2 and NOx Ambient air quality monitoring at six locations
4 Noise levels Noise levels in dB(A)
Noise level monitoring at six locations
5 Ecology Existing terrestrial flora and fauna within the 10 km radius of project influence area
Secondary sources and Field survey
6 Geology Geological history Secondary sources
7 Soil Soil types and samples analyzed for physical and chemical parameters.
Data collected from secondary sources and soil sample analysis at five
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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locations
8 Socio economic Aspects
Socio-economic characteristics of the affected area
Based on field survey and data collected from secondary sources
Table 3.2: Frequency and Monitoring Methodology
Attributes Sampling Measurement
Method Remarks
Network Frequency
A. Air Environment
Particulate Matter (PM10)
Requisite locations in the project influence area
24 hourly
Gravimetric (High- Volume with Cyclone)
As per CPCB standards under November 18th 2009 Notification for NAAQS
Particulate Matter (PM 2.5)
Gravimetric (High- Volume with Cyclone)
Oxides of Sulphur (SO2) Requisite locations in the project influence area 24 hourly
EPA Modified West &Gaeke method
NOx Arsenite Modified, Jacob &Hochheiser
B. Noise
Hourly equivalent noise levels
Requisite locations in the project influence area
Once
Instrument : Noise level meter
IS: 4954 1968
C. Water
Parameters for water quality: pH, temp, turbidity, Total hardness, total alkalinity, chloride, sulphate, nitrate, fluoride, sodium, potassium, Electrical Conductivity, Ammonical nitrogen, Nitrate-Nitrogen total phosphorus, , BOD, COD, Calcium, Magnesium, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Suspended Solids
Set of grab samples At requisite locations for ground and surface water
Once Samples for water quality collected and analyzed as per IS : 2488 (Part 1-5) methods for sampling and testing of Industrial effluents Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater analysis published by American Public Health Association.
D. Land Environment
Parameter for soil quality: pH, texture,
Requisite soil samples be
Once
Collected and analyzed as per soil
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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electrical conductivity, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphate, sodium, calcium, potassium and Magnesium.
collected as per BIS specification within project influence area
analysis reference book, M.L.Jackson
Google map showing 10 Km radius showing the project location and surrounding features is given in Figure 3.1.
Figure 3.1: Satellite Imagery of the site (10 Km radius)
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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Topo maps showing 5 & 10 km radius showing the project location and nearest habitats
Figure 3.2.
Figure 3.2: Topo map 5 & 10 km radius showing the project location and nearest habitats
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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Satellite Imagery Showing the project location and Road connectivity Figure 3.3.
Figure 3.3: Satellite Imagery showing the project location and Road Connectivity
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LandUse/ Land Cover showing 5 & 10 km radius showing the project location and
surrounding features Figure 3.4.
Figure 3.4: LandUse/ Land Cover 5 & 10 km radius showing the project location &
surrounding features
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3.3 TEMPERATURE
High relative humidity between 60 and 85% prevail throughout the year. Higher rates of
relative humidity are observed between August and October i.e., 71 to 85%. In the months
of Feb, the humidity is lower i.e., around 60%. The minimum and maximum temperature is
15°C &34°C. The Bangalore District Weather Report for the monitored month of September
2013 to December 2013 is given in Table 3.3, 3.4, 3.5& 3.6.
Source: IMD Panambur & District Groundwater Brochure, Udupi District, Karnataka, Ministry
of Water Resources, Central Ground Water Board.
Table 3.3: Udupi District Weather Report for September, 2013
Table 3.4: Udupi District Weather Report for October, 2013
Summary Air Temp. (o C ) Relative
Humidity (% ) Wind Speed
(Kmph) Max Min
20-09-2013 28 19 82 6
21-09-2013 28 19 76 4
22-09-2013 28 19 66 6
23-09-2013 28 19 63 6
24-09-2013 28 19 66 4
25-09-2013 28 19 65 4
26-09-2013 28 19 62 4
27-09-2013 28 19 55 4
28-09-2013 28 19 67 4
29-09-2013 28 19 60 6
30-09-2013 28 19 72 5
Monthly Average
28 19 66.7 4.81
Summary Air Temp. (o C ) Relative
Humidity (% ) Wind Speed
(Kmph) Max Min
01-10-2013 28 19 71 4
02-10-2013 28 19 66 4
03-10-2013 28 19 67 5
04-10-2013 28 19 60 6
05-10-2013 28 19 60 6
06-10-2013 28 19 65 5
07-10-2013 28 19 67 4
08-10-2013 28 19 76 3
09-10-2013 28 19 76 2
10-10-2013 28 19 69 4
11-10-2013 28 19 60 4
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Table 3.5: Udupi District Weather Report for November, 2013
12-10-2013 28 19 65 6
13-10-2013 28 19 67 6
14-10-2013 28 19 62 4
15-10-2013 28 19 72 3
16-10-2013 28 19 72 3
17-10-2013 28 19 70 1
18-10-2013 28 19 64 2
19-10-2013 28 19 67 2
20-10-2013 27 18 77 0
21-10-2013 27 18 81 2
22-10-2013 27 18 85 2
23-10-2013 27 18 82 3
24-10-2013 27 18 83 3
25-10-2013 27 18 76 2
26-10-2013 27 18 74 3
27-10-2013 27 18 75 3
28-10-2013 27 18 84 2
29-10-2013 27 18 70 1
30-10-2013 27 18 73 1
31-10-2013 27 18 67 1
Monthly Average 27.6 18.6 71.0 3.1
Summary Air Temp. (o C ) Relative
Humidity (% ) Wind Speed
(Kmph) Max Min
01-11-2013 27 18 67 2
02-11-2013 27 18 77 3
03-11-2013 27 18 74 3
04-11-2013 27 18 68 3
05-11-2013 27 18 67 2
06-11-2013 27 18 64 5
07-11-2013 27 18 63 2
08-11-2013 27 18 63 2
09-11-2013 27 18 61 2
10-11-2013 27 18 61 3
11-11-2013 27 18 64 1
12-11-2013 27 17 66 0
13-11-2013 27 17 66 0
14-11-2013 27 17 61 1
15-11-2013 26 17 57 1
16-11-2013 26 17 81 2
17-11-2013 26 17 79 3
18-11-2013 26 17 79 4
19-11-2013 26 17 72 2
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Table 3.6: Udupi District Weather Report for December, 2013
20-11-2013 26 17 63 1
21-11-2013 26 17 60 1
22-11-2013 26 17 58 0
23-11-2013 26 17 81 2
24-11-2013 26 17 81 2
25-11-2013 26 16 76 2
26-11-2013 26 16 71 2
27-11-2013 26 16 63 0
28-11-2013 26 16 60 1
29-11-2013 26 16 72 1
30-11-2013 26 16 64 2
Monthly Average 26.4 17.1 67.9 1.83
Summary Air Temp. (o C ) Relative
Humidity (% ) Wind Speed
(Kmph) Max Min
01-12-2013 26 16 71 2
02-12-2013 26 16 69 3
03-12-2013 26 16 62 2
04-12-2013 26 16 62 3
05-12-2013 26 16 58 2
06-12-2013 26 16 50 2
07-12-2013 26 16 59 1
08-12-2013 26 16 60 1
09-12-2013 26 16 50 1
10-12-2013 26 16 34 1
11-12-2013 26 16 36 1
12-12-2013 26 16 57 2
13-12-2013 26 16 64 2
14-12-2013 26 16 69 3
15-12-2013 26 16 54 1
16-12-2013 27 15 46 0
17-12-2013 27 15 61 0
18-12-2013 27 15 64 1
19-12-2013 27 15 61 2
20-12-2013 27 15 59 1
Monthly Average
26.25 15.75 57.3 1.55
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3.4 WIND PATTERN AT THE PROPOSED SITE
Climatologically data were collected from the nearest Bangalore IMD station to understand
the wind pattern of the area. Predominant wind direction and wind speed data, based on
observation at nearest Bangalore IMD stations for the period 12 months, is given in Table
3.7.
Table 3.7: Wind data (2013)
Month Mean wind speed (Kmph) Annual
January 4.9
February 5.0
March 5.7
April 6.5
May 7.8
June 4.5
July 3.1
August 5.1
September 3.5
October 5.8
November 4.0
December 4.6
Source: IMD Bangalore.
Mean wind speed and wind directions are as under,
3.1 Kmph min (July)
7.8 Kmph max (May)
Wind rose for the month of October to December are given in Figures 3.5, 3.6 & 3.7.
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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Figure 3.5: Wind rose for the month of October
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Figure 3.6: Wind rose for the month of November
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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Figure 3.7: Wind rose for the month of December
3.5 RAINFALL
The climate in Bangalore rural district is quite salubrious, with three different seasons. The
pre-monsoon starts from January to May. This period can be divided into winter (January to
February) and summer (March-May). Winter is characterized by generally clear skies and
very little rainfall. From April onwards erratic thunderstorms occur in the area which
increases during May. The temperature is lowest during December and January.
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The mean annual rainfall of the district is 824 mm. Doddaballapur taluk receives the lowest
rainfall of 680 mm where as Hoskote and Nelamangala taluk receives the highest rainfall 0f
776 mm. Tables 3.8 and depicted in Figures 3.8 respectively.
Table 3.8: Rainfall data from 2008 to 2012
Year Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
2008 0.0 2.1 100.9 15.2 100.7 11.8 149.1 223.0 103.9 150.4 25.2 2.3
2009 0.0 0.0 17.3 11.7 92.4 96.3 30.0 101.5 258.1 23.2 31.3 20.0
2010 0.0 0.0 18.5 42.4 114.0 141.4 145.6 148.4 108.9 86.1 149.1 11.2
2011 0.0 2.5 2.7 88.7 97.5 47.4 106.1 230.6 61.9 130.2 26.7 5.2
2012 0.0 0.0 4.3 57.7 108.2 20.4 73.2 138.3 47.6 79.6 106.8 14.4
Figure 3.8: Rainfall Data From 2008-2012
3.6 TOPOGRAPHY OF THE SITE
The topographic setting of the city has radial slopes towards east and west with a smooth
ridge running north to south; rainfall over the ridge area gets divided and flows east or west
into the three gentle slopes and valleys of Koramangala–Challagatta, Hebbal and
Vrishabavathi. Doddabettahalli 1,062 m (3,484.3 ft) is the highest point on this ridge. These
naturally undulating terrain of hills and valleys, lends itself perfectly to the development of
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Rai
nfa
ll in
mm
Months
Rainfall Data from 2008-2012
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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lakes that can capture and store rainwater. Small streams are formed by each valley starting
with the ridge at the top. A series of shallow tanks varying in size are developed. The gentle
topography has also good potential of ground water development.
Figure 3.9: Topo map 5, 10 & 15 km radius showing the project location and surrounding
features
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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3.7 EXISTINGLAND USE OF THE SITE
The district has 81268 hectares of forests, which constitutes (13.88%) of the total
geographical area of the district (585431 ha). The fallow land in the district is around 39426
ha. Net area sown during the year is 2005-06 was around 318211 ha. And 8163 hectares of
land was sown more than once.
The proposed plot area 341.65 ha (844.23 Acres) is spread in the Villages of Yedehalli,
Chandana Hosahalli, Honnenahalli, KengalKempohalli, Avverahalli, K.G.Srinivasapura,
Billanakote, NelamangalaTaluk, Bangalore Rural District. The land is vacant and it contains
bushes and shrubs.
This land is acquired by Karnataka Industrial areas Development Board (KIADB) as per the
following policies and acts
a) Karnataka Export Promotion Policy
b) Karnataka Industrial Policy 2009-14
c) The Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Act, 1966.
Table 3.9: The project land use details
S.No Description Acres % of Land Use
1 Industries 416.65 49.35
2 Commercial 24.54 2.91
3 Amenity 19.03 2.25
4 Utility 23.89 2.83
5 Residential 43.24 5.12
6 Park 77.97 9.24
7 Buffer 183.96 9.95
8 Truck Parking 41.38 4.90
9 Road 113.57 13.45
Total Area 844.23 100
3.8 WATER BODIES
List of water bodies located near to this project site is given in below Table 3.10 and
showing in Figure 3.10.
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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Table 3.10: List of water bodies located near to Project Site
S.no Name of Lake Distance & Location
1. Lekkanahalli Kere 1.6 Km (E)
2. Kuluvanahalli Kere 2.4 Km (SE)
3. Devara Kere 3.3 Km (W)
4. Muddalinganahalli kere 5.5 Km (NE)
5. Thyamagondluamami kere 4.5 Km (E)
6. Tavare kere 5.6 Km (E)
Figure 3.10: water bodies near to Project Site
3.9 GEOMORPHOLOGY AND SOIL TYPES
Physiographycally the district can be divided in to rocky upland, plateau and flat-topped hills
at an elevation of about 900 m. amsl. Flat-topped Laterite hills are seen in the northern part
at an elevation of 900 m. a msl. The pediplains form major part of the district underlain by
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 39
gneisses and granites with the highest pediplain in the range of 850m and 950m amsl. Rocky
upland pediplain and plateau constitute erosional topography. Major part of the pediplain is
dissected by streamlets flowing in southerly direction. In northern part of
Doddaballpurtaluk, the pediplains have northerly slope dissected by various streamlets. The
major part of the district lies in Cauvery basin.
Important rivers draining the area are Cauvery, south Pennar, North Pennar and palar,
Cauvery with its tributaries like Kanva, Arkavathi and Shimsha draining the area. The other
important rivers Kumudavathi Pinakini. The tributaries of Pennar River, drain northeastern
part of the district. The drainage pattern is trellis to sub-dendratic. The drainage map of the
district is presented as Igglur Anecut project is a medium irrigation project in operation with
about 4380 hectares of command area in Chennapatnataluk, Manchanabele reservoir
project with about 3846 hectares of command area in Ramanagaamtaluk and Arkavathi
Reservoir project with about 4957 hectares of command area in Kanakapurataluk. About
13057 hectares of land is under irrigation from minor irrigation tanks and about 1341
hectares of land is under lift irrigation in the district. The other important rivers
Kumudavathi and Pinakini. The tributaries ofPennar River, drain northeastern part of the
district. The drainage pattern is trellis to sub-dendratic.
The soils of Bangalore Rural districts are broadly classified in to four categories viz (i). Loamy
soil (ii) Lateritic soil (iii) Lateritic gravelly soil and (iv)Red sandy soil. Red loamy soils generally
occur on hilly to undulating land slope on granite and granite gneisses. Lateritic soil occurs in
undulating terrain forming plain to gently sloping topography of peninsular gneiss region.
Lateritic gravelly soils occur in upland regions of lateritic soils, Red sandy soil occurs in
undulating land slopes. These soils are derived from acidic rocks granites and granitic gneiss.
Source:District Groundwater Brochure, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka, Ministry of
Water Resources, Central Ground Water Board.
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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Figure 3.11: Drainage and Hydrography Monitoring of Bangalore Rural District
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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Figure 3.12: Drainage map of Project Site
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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3.10 HYDROGEOLOGY
Geology of the Bangalore rural district is broadly described under two groups (i) the
dominating Archaean crystalline formation comprising peninsular gneissic complex with a
small patch of horn blend schist in the northern part and intrusive closepet granite all along
the western part of the district (ii) smaller stretches of unconsolidated sediments. The
granite gneisses are mainly of migmatitic type, highly banded in composition from granite to
diorite. The Hydrogeology map of the district is presented as Fig-3. The ground water occurs
in the open spaces of weathered fractured gneisses and granites. In these rocks the water
bearing and yielding properties are primarily due to weathering and fracturing. In the
weathered zone, ground water occurs under water table conditions and in the fractured and
jointed formations it occurs under semi confined conditions. In Laterite ground water occurs
under phreatic condition. Alluvium along the river courses, though limited in thickness and
aerial extent possess substantial ground water potential.
Figure 3.13: Hydrogeology Map of Bangalore Rural District
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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3.11 GROUND WATER QUALITY
The Electrical conductivity values are in the major part of the district are in the range
between 750 to 1000 micro mhos. In Nelamangala taluk, the EC varies from 500 to 750
micro mhos. In northern part of Devenahalli taluk, EC values of more than 2000 micromhos
/cm are observed. Flouride content more than the permissible limit is observed in
Nelamangala, Doddaballapura and Devenahalli taluk. Chloride problem in the district
(Chloride content more than 250 to 1000mg/L) are observed in Nelamangala,
Doddaballapur, Devenahalli and in Hoskotetaluks.
The proposed project site comes under Nelamangala Taluk which is identified as a semi
critical Zone. Figure 3.14 gives the detailed ground water quality of Bangalore Rural District.
Figure 3.14: Ground Water Quality of Bangalore Rural District
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3.12 NATURAL HAZARD VULNERABILITY
a) Seismicity
The Geological Survey of India has identified Bangalore Rural District as least earthquake-
prone region and categorized in Seismic II Zone. The Seismic zonation map of India is given
in Figure 3.15.
Figure 3.15: Seismic Zonation Map of India
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List of occurrence of major Earthquakes are given below in Table 3.11.
Table 3.11: Earthquakes in India
Date Magnitude Latitude Longitude Location
8 October 2005 7.6 34.432 73.537 Kashmir-Kohistan
26 December 2004 9.2 03.295 95.982 Sumatra-Andaman
26 January 2001 7.7 23.422 70.310 Bhuj, Gujarat
29 March 1999 6.4 30.511 79.421 Chamoli, Uttarakhand
22 May 1997 5.8 30.511 79.421 Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh
30 September 1993 6.2 18.089 76.473 Killari, Maharashtra
20 October 1991 6.8 30.769 78.791 Uttarkashi, Uttarakhand
20 August 1988 6.9 26.719 86.626 UdaypurGahri, Nepal
11 December 1967 6.5 17.540 73.840 Koyna, Maharashtra
30 May 1935 7.8 28.870 66.400 Quetta, Balochistan
15 January 1934 8.1 26.600 86.800 Nepal-Bihar border
27 August 1931 7.3 29.200 67.600 Mach, Balochistan
2 July 1930 7.1 25.800 90.200 Dhubri, Assam
8 July 1918 7.1 24.500 91.000 Srimongal, Bangladesh
4 April 1905 7.8 32.100 76.400 Kangra, Himachal Pradesh
12 June 1897 8.1 25.500 91.000 Shillong Plateau, Meghalaya
10 January 1869 7.4 25.500 91.000 Cachar-Manipur
26 August 1833 7.6 27.700 85.700 Eastern Nepal
16 June 1819 8.2 23.000 69.000 Allah Bund, Gujarat
Source: www.ASC-India.org
So it is clear that the proposed site is not prone to earthquake &it’s in stable zone.
3.13 AIR ENVIRONMENT
The prime objective of baseline air monitoring is to evaluate the existing air quality of the
area. This will also be useful for assessing the conformity to standards of the ambient air
quality during the construction and operation of the proposed project. This section
describes the selection of sampling locations, methodology adopted for sampling, analytical
techniques and frequency of sampling. The results of ambient air monitoring carried out in
the 10 locations of the study area. The results of ambient air monitoring carried out during
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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the study during the month of September, October and November 2013. The methodology
adopted for Air quality survey is given below.
a) Selection of Sampling Locations
The baseline status of the air quality in the study area has been assessed through a
scientifically designed ambient air quality monitoring network. The design of monitoring
network in the air quality surveillance has been based on the following considerations;
Meteorological conditions
Topography of the study area
Locations where air quality is likely to be impacted as a result of localized
activities or disturbances & Site Specific Conditions
Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) stations were set up at Seven locations with
due consideration to the above mentioned points. The locations of the selected stations are
given in Table 3.12 and shown in in Figure 3.16.
Table 3.12: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations
Location Code Location Latitude & Longitude
Direction* Distance in
Km* Elevation
Q1 Project Site, Dobaspet
N-13º12’26.90” E-77º14’58.67”
- - 3069
Q2 Hossahalli
N-13º12’09.28” E-77º16’38.00”
ESE 3.04 2986
Q3 Pemmanahalli
N-13º14’01.31” E-77º16’02.98”
NNE 3.41 3041
Q4 Agalakuppa
N-13º13’50.18” E-77º13’48.16”
NW 3.35 3085
Q5 Thyamagondulu
N-13º13’02.22” E-77º18’08.98”
ENE 5.76 2931
Q6 Basavapatna
N-13º08’46.10” E-77º14’38.66”
S 6.85 3057
Q7 Veersagara
N-13º13’00.85” E-77º12’10.76”
WNW 5.22 2997
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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Figure 3.16: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations
b) Instruments for Sampling
Respirable Dust Samplers were used for monitoring Total Suspended Particulate Matter
(TSPM), Respirable fraction (<10 microns) and gaseous pollutants like SO2 and NOx.
c) Sampling and Analytical Techniques
The air inlet has a circular symmetry so that air entry is unaffected by wind direction and is
designed to keep out rain, insects and very large particles. The inlet section immediately
leads to an impactor stage designed to trap particles with an aerodynamic diameter larger
than 10 microns. Thus the air stream in the down tube consists of only medium and fine
particulates. The streamlined air flow of the down tube is accelerated through the nozzle of
the well-shapedimpactor designed to trap medium size particulates with an aerodynamic
diameter between 2.5 and 10 microns. To avoid sampling errors due to the tendency of
small particles to bounce off the impaction surface a 37mm diameter GF/A paper immersed
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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in silicone oil is used as an impaction surface. The air stream leaving the WINS impactor
consists of microns. These fine particles are collected on a special Teflon membrane filter of
47 mm diameter. Modified West and Gaeke method (IS – 5182 part – II, 1969) has been
adopted for estimation of SO2 and Arsenite Modified Jacob &Hochheiser has been adopted
for estimation of NOX.
d) Calibration
Calibration charts have been prepared for all gaseous pollutants. The calibration is carried
out whenever new absorbing solutions are prepared and used.
Table 3.13: Techniques for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
S.No Parameter Technique Minimum Detectable
Limit (µg / m3)
1 Particulate Matter(PM10)
Respirable Dust Sampler (Gravimetric method)
1.0
2 Particulate Matter(PM2.5)
Respirable Dust Sampler (Gravimetric method)
1.0
3 Sulphur Dioxide West and Gaeke 5.0
4 Nitrogen Oxide Jacob &Hochheiser 5.0
e) Presentation of Data
Various statistical parameters like the average, maximum and minimum values have been
computed from the observed raw data for all the AAQ monitoring stations. These are
compared with the standards prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for
residential and Industrial zone. Pollutant specific monitoring results indicating levels of
PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx with respect to applicable standards are presented in Table 3.14.
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Table 3.14: Summary of Ambient Air Monitoring
Code Location PM 10 PM 2.5 SO2 NOx
Min Max Avg 98
per
Min Max Avg 98
per
Min Max Avg 98
per
Min Max Avg 98
per
Q1 Project Site,
Dobaspet 48 63 55.4 60.2 23 34 28.6 33.6 5.5 7.2 6.3 7.1 13.8 16.4 15.1 16.2
Q2 Hossahalli 51 67 59.1 66.8 22 37 29.7 36.5 5.8 8.2 7.1 8.1 15.6 19.7 17.3 19.5
Q3 Pemmanahalli 55 71 63.4 70.5 25 36 30.7 35.7 5.5 7.6 6.5 7.5 14.2 18.3 16.2 18.1
Q4 Agalakuppa 48 59 53.7 58.6 21 29 25.1 28.4 5.2 6.1 5.7 6.0 12.2 15.6 14.9 15.3
Q5 Thyamagondulu 52 64 58.2 63.7 23 31 27.2 30.8 5.4 6.6 6.0 6.5 13.7 16.4 15.1 16.1
Q6 Basavapatna 45 54 49.5 53.7 20 27 23.6 26.7 5.2 6.0 5.6 5.9 11.8 14.6 13.2 14.4
Q7 Veersagara 42 55 48.4 54.6 18 26 22.1 25.7 5.0 5.8 5.4 5.7 10.7 13.4 12.2 13.3
CPCB Standards
Industrial /Residential /
Rural and Other Area
100 60 80 80
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f) Observation
PM10 – A maximum value of 63.4µg/m3 was observed at Near Pemannahali (Q3). A
minimum of 48.4µg/m3 was observed at Veersagara (AAQ7).The 24 hours applicable limit
for industrial/residential/rural areas is 100µg/m3, the sampled locations are within the
prescribed limit.
PM2.5 – The maximum value of 30.7µg/m3 was observed at Near Pemannahali (Q3). A
minimum of 22.1µg/m3 was observed at Veersagara (AAQ7).The 24 hours applicable limit is
60µg/m3 for industrial/residential/rural areas, the sampled locations are within the
prescribed limit.
Figure 3.17: Graphical Representation of PM10 & PM2.5
SO2 - The maximum value of 7.1µg/m3 was observed at Near Hasahallli (Q2). A minimum of
5.4µg/m3 was observed at Veersagara(Q7). The 24 hours applicable limit is 80µg/m3 for
industrial/residential/rural areas, the sampled locations are within the prescribed limit.
NOX - The maximum value of 17.3µg/m3 was observed at Hasahallli(Q2). A minimum of
12.2µg/m3 was observed at Veersagara (Q7). The 24 hours applicable limit is 80µg/m3 for
industrial/residential/rural areas, the sampled locations are within the prescribed limit.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
µg/
m3
Sample locations
Graphical Representation of PM10 & PM2.5
PM10
PM2.5
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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Figure 3.18: Graphical Representation of NOx& SO2
The air quality data in the monitored area within the project site is within the prescribed
limit.
3.14 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
The most common and universally accepted scale is the ‘A’ weighted scale which is
measured as dB (A). The Environmental Impact Assessment of noise from the construction
activity and vehicular traffic can be undertaken by taking into consideration various factors
like potential damage to hearing, physiological responses, and annoyance and general
community responses. The environmental impact of noise can have several effects varying
from Noise Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) to annoyance depending on loudness of noise.
The impact of noise sources on surrounding community depends on:
Characteristics of noise sources (instantaneous, intermittent or continuous in
nature). It can be observed that steady noise is not as annoying as one which is
continuously varying in loudness;
The time of day at which noise occurs, for example high noise levels at night in
residential areas are not acceptable because of sleep disturbance; and
The location of the noise source, with respect to noise sensitive land use, which
determines the loudness and period of exposure.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
µg/
m3
Monitoring Locations
Graphical Representation of Nox & So2
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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Noise survey was conducted at 6 locations in the near the project site to assess the
background noise levels in different zones viz., Residential, Industrial, Commercial and
Silence zones. The main objective of noise monitoring in the study area is to establish the
baseline noise levels and assess the impact of the total noise expected to be generated in
the surrounding areas by the proposed plant. The methodology involved in monitoring noise
is given below.
a) Identification of Sampling Locations
A preliminary reconnaissance survey was undertaken to identify the major noise generating
sources in the area. The noise monitoring has been conducted at six locations in the study
area. The environment setting of noise monitoring locations is given in below Table 3.15 and
shown in Figure 3.19.
Table 3.15: Noise Monitoring Locations
Location Code Location Latitude & Longitude Direction* Distance
N1 Project Site, Dobaspet N-13º12’26.90”
E-77º14’58.67” - -
N2 Hossahalli N-13º12’09.28”
E-77º16’38.00” ESE 3.04
N3 Pemmanahalli N-13º14’01.31”
E-77º16’02.98” NNE 3.41
N4 Thyamagondulu N-13º13’02.22”
E-77º18’08.98” ENE 5.76
N5 Shivaganga N-13º10’49.16”
E-77º13’47.11” SSW 3.80
N6 Dobaspet N-13º13’35.92”
E-77º14’24.42” NNW 2.34
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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Figure 3.19: Noise Monitoring Locations
b) Instrument Used for Monitoring
Noise levels were measured using a sound level meter. The sound level meter measures the
Sound Pressure Level (SPL), the Maximum Sound Pressure Level (max) and the equivalent
continuous noise level (Leq) by switching on the corresponding function mode.
c) Method of Monitoring
Sound Pressure Level (SPL) measurements were taken at all locations, with an interval of 1
minute over a period of one hour for 24 hours. The day noise levels have been monitored
during 6 am to 10 pm and night noise levels during 10 pm to 6 am at all the locations
covered in the study area. Noise levels were recorded every one minute in the following
manner. To obtain noise levels at 8 AM, noise readings, with setting at ‘A’ response – slow
mode, were recorded continuously for 60 minutes. All the readings were obtained for 24
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 54
hours. These readings were later tabulated and the frequency distribution table was
prepared.
Lday: Average noise levels between 6.00 hours to 22.00 hours.
Lnight Average noise levels between 22.00 hours to 6.00 hours.
d) Presentation of Results
The summary of computed ambient noise level parameters like Lday and Lnight, for all the
sampling locations are presented in Table 3.16 and compared to the standards specified by
CPCB mentioned below in Table 3.17 Graphical representation of the Noise levels is
indicated in Figure 3.20.
Table 3.16: Ambient Noise Levels Recorded in the Study Area dB(A)
Table 3.17: Ambient Noise Standards [dB (A)]
Ambient Noise Standards L day L night
Industrial Area 75 70
Commercial Area 65 55
Residential Area 55 45
Silence Zone 50 40
e) Observations
Day Time Noise Level :- Noise levels during day time were found to be in the range
47.3 – 53.8 dB (A). The maximum noise level was observed to be 53.2 dB (A) at
Location code
Sample location Lday dB(A) Lnight dB(A) Leq dB(A)
N1 Project Site, Dobaspet 51.7 43.5 50.2
N2 Hossahalli 49.2 41.6 47.8
N3 Pemmanahalli 50.6 42.7 49.1
N4 Thyamagondulu 53.8 43.9 52.2
N5 Shivaganga 47.3 41.4 46
N6 Dobaspet 53.1 42.2 51.5
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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Thyamagondulu (N4) and a minimum of 51.5 dB (A) was observed at Shivaganga
(N5). The monitored locations during the Day time are under the prescribed limit.
Night Time Noise Levels: - Noise levels observed to fall in the range 41.4- 43.9 dB (A)
during the night time. Maximum noise level of 43.7 dB (A) was observed at
Thyamagondulu (N4) and a minimum of 41.6 dB (A) at Shivaganga (N5). The
monitored locations during the night time are under the prescribed limit.
Figure 3.20: Graphical Representation of Noise Levels
The Noise Level data in the monitored area near project site is below the prescribed limit.
3.15 WATER ENVIRONMENT
Selected water quality parameters of ground water resources within the study area have
been considered for assessing the water environment. To assess the water quality of the
study area, six ground water sampling locations were selected.
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
dB
(A
)
Sampling Locations
Graphical Representation of Noise Levels During Day and Night
L night
L day
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 56
a) Selection of Sampling Locations
Some general criteria for selecting appropriate sampling sites will be summarized under the
following points:
Always have a reference station up-stream of all possible discharge points. The usual
purpose of a monitoring exercise is to determine the degree of man induced
pollution, and the damage that is caused. The reference station serves to assess the
situation with respect to background water quality and biological aspects,
Sampling stations should be located upstream and downstream of significant
pollution outfalls.
b) Water Sampling Locations
Water samples were collected from 6 Ground Water sampling locations. These samples
were collected as grab samples and were analyzed for various parameters. The water
sampling locations are listed below in Table 3.18 and shown in Figure 3.21.
Table 3.18: Water Sampling Locations
Location Code
Location Geographical Location
Direction* Distance* Type of water
W1 Project Site, Dobaspet
N-13º12’26.90” E-77º14’58.67”
- - Ground Water
W2 Hossahalli N-13º12’09.28” E-77º16’38.00”
ESE 3.04 Ground Water
W3 Pemmanahalli N-13º14’01.31” E-77º16’02.98”
NNE 3.41 Ground Water
W4 Agalakuppa N-13º13’50.18” E-77º13’48.16”
NW 3.35 Ground Water
W5 Thyamagondulu N-13º13’02.22” E-77º18’08.98”
ENE 5.76 Ground Water
W6 Veersagara N-13º13’00.85” E-77º12’10.76”
WNW 5.22 Ground Water
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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Figure 3.21: Water Sampling Locations
c) Presentation of Results
The water sampling results water samples are given in Table 3.19 respectively. The analysis
results are compared with the standards for drinking water as per IS: 10500 – 1983
“Specification for drinking Water”.
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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Table 3.19: Results for Ground water Analysis
Parameters Unit Limit as per Is 10500 :
1991 W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6
1 Colour Hazen APHA 21st EDITION 5 Nil Nil Nil Nil
2 Odour - APHA 21st EDITION Unobjectionable No Odour Observed
No Odour Observed
No Odour Observed
No Odour Observed
3 pH at 25°C - IS : 3025 Part 11- 1983 (Reaff: 2002)
6.5-8.5 8.20 6.62 6.58 7.42
4 Electrical Conductivity,
μS/cm IS : 3025 Part 14- 1984 (Reaff: 2002)
Not Specified 694 266 484 1074
5 Turbidity NTU IS : 3025 Part 10-1984 (Reaff: 2002)
1 BDL (<0.5) 1.0 BDL (<0.5) BDL (<0.5)
6 Total Dissolved Solids
mg/l IS : 3025 Part 16-1984 (Reaff: 2003)
500 363 136 268 643
7 Total Hardness as CaCO3
mg/l IS : 3025 Part 21-1983 (Reaff: 1998)
200 225 22 86 389
8 Total Alkalinity as CaCO3
mg/l IS : 3025 Part 23- 1986(Reaff:2003)
200 240 60 74 268
9 Chloride as Cl
mg/l IS : 3025 Part 32-1988 (Reaff: 2003)
250 56 30 90 99
10 Sulphate as SO4
mg/l APHA 21st EDI-4500- SO4
2- E 200 7.2 6 27 76
11 Fluoride as F mg/l APHA 21st EDI-4500- 1.0 1.32 0.82 0.66 1.9
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 59
Parameters Unit Limit as per Is 10500 :
1991 W1 W2 W3 W4 W5 W6
F B&D
12 Nitrate as NO3
mg/l APHA 21st EDI-4500- NO3
- B 45 19 12 16 7
13 Ammonia as N
mg/l APHA 21st EDI-4500- NH3 B&C
0.5 BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) 0.22
14 Phosphate as PO4
mg/l IS : 3025 Part 31-1988 (Reaff:2002)
Not Specified 0.05 0.21 0.14 0.36
15 Sodium as Na
mg/l IS : 3025 Part 45-
1993 (Reaff:2003) Not Specified 50 23 66 123
16 Potassium as K
mg/l IS : 3025 Part 45-
1993 (Reaff:2003) Not Specified 5.1 5 8.2 4.1
17 Calcium as Ca
mg/l IS : 3025 Part 40-
1991 (Reaff:2003) 75 60 14 22 103
18 Magnesium as Mg
mg/l APHA 21st EDITION 30 18 6 7.5 32
19 Iron as Fe mg/l IS : 3025 Part 53-2003
0.3 BDL(<0.05) BDL(<0.05) 0.11 0.18
20 Chemical Oxygen Demand
mg/l IS:3025:Part-58:2006
Not Specified BDL(<4) BDL(<4) BDL(<4) BDL(<4)
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 60
d) Observations
The analysis results of ground water samples indicate that the average pH ranges in between
6.45 -8.19, TDS of 510 mg/l was found in WNW Pemanahalli (W3), correspondingly the
hardness, alkalinity, chlorides & sulphates were also average. Iron value of 0.1mg/l, was found
in Veersagara. The groundwater at project site is comparatively good and with some treatment,
can be used for domestic purpose.
3.16 SOIL ENVIRONMENT
It is essential to determine the potential of soil in the area and identify the current impacts of
urbanization and industrialization on soil quality and also predict impacts due to the proposed
construction. Accordingly, a study of assessment of baseline soil quality was carried out.
a) Data Generation
For studying soil quality of the region, six sampling locations were selected to assess the
existing soil conditions in and around the project area representing various land use conditions.
The physical and chemical concentrations were determined. The samples were collected from
these different depths viz., 30cm, 60cm and 100cm.
The present study of the soil quality establishes the baseline characteristics and this will
help in future in identifying the incremental concentrations if any, due to the operation of the
proposed plant. The sampling locations have been identified with the following objectives:
To determine the baseline soil characteristics of the study area
To determine the impact of industrialization on soil characteristics and
To determine the impact on soils more importantly from agricultural productivity
point of view.
Six locations near the proposed Project site were
selected for soil sampling. At each location, soil samples were
collected from three different depths viz., 30cm, 60cm, and
100cm below the surface. The samples were analyzed for
physical and chemical characteristics. The samples have been
analyzed as per the established scientific methods for Physio-
Chemical parameters.
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 61
b) Soil Sampling Locations
The details of the sampling locations selected for soil sampling are given in Table 3.20 and the
map showing the same given below in Figure 3.22.
Table 3.20: Soil Sampling Locations
Location Code
Location Latitude & Longitude Direction* Distance*
S1 Project Site, Dobaspet
N-13º12’26.90” E-77º14’58.67”
- -
S2 Hossahalli
N-13º12’09.28” E-77º16’38.00”
ESE 3.04
S3 Pemmanahalli
N-13º14’01.31” E-77º16’02.98”
NNE 3.41
S4 Thyamagondulu
N-13º13’02.22” E-77º18’08.98”
ENE 5.76
S5
Shivaganga N-13º16’49.16” E-77º13’47.11”
SSW 3.80
S6 Dobaspet
N-13º13’35.92” E-77º14’24.42”
NNW 2.34
*with respect to site
Figure 3.22: Soil Sampling Locations
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 62
c) Presentation of Results
The results of the soil analysis are tabulated in Table 3.21and Standard soil classification
is given in Table 3.22.
Table 3.21: Soil Analysis Results
S.No Test Parameters S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
1 pH 7.31 7.54 6.94 6.72 7.48 6.84
2 Electrical conductivity,
mS/cm 0.108 0.136 0.122 0.066 0.184 0.075
3 Available Nitrogen, mg/kg 12.2 9.6 13.7 10.7 15.2 16.4
4 Available Phosphorous,
mg/kg 39.6 45.2 29.7 41.5 52.4 37.8
5 Available Potassium, mg/kg 128 172 136 98 194 150
6 Exchangeable Calcium as
Ca,m.eq / 100g 3.05 3.76 3.94 2.78 4.12 3.36
7 Exchangeable Magnesium as
Mg, m.eq/100g 2.78 3.11 3.52 2.42 3.76 2.89
8 Exchangeable Sodium as
Na, m.eq / 100g 0.57 0.61 0.81 0.72 1.07 0.91
9 Organic matter (%) 0.22 0.18 0.31 0.26 0.14 0.25
10 Texture Classification Sandy Loam
Sandy Loam
Loam Loam Sandy Loam
Loam
11 Sand (%) 67.2 53.7 45.6 38.1 62.5 42.6
12 Clay (%) 17.8 8.6 25.6 21.8 12.4 12.8
13 Silt (%) 15 37.7 28.8 40.1 25.1 44.6
Table 3.22: Standard Soil Classifications
Chemical Parameters
Ranking
Very Low Low Moderate High Very High
pH <4, very Strongly Acidic
4-5, Strongly Acidic
5-8, Ideal for Plant Growth
8-9 Strongly Basic
>9 Very Strongly Basic
Electrical conductivity (μS/cm)
<2000, Non saline
2000-4000 Saline
4000-8000 Moderately Saline
8000-16000 Highly Saline
>16000 Extremely Saline
Total Nitrogen (%)
<0.05 Very Low
0.05-0.15 Low
0.15-0.25 Moderate
0.25-0.5 High
>0.5 Very High
Total Phosphorous (mg/kg)
<5 Very Low
5-10 Low 10-30 Moderate
30-60 High >60 Very High
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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Sodium (mg/kg)
- <200 Non Sodic
200-500 Moderate
>500 Sodic
Potassium (mg/kg)
- <150 Low 150-250 Moderate
250-800 High
>800 Very High
Calcium (mg/kg)
- <1000 Low 1000-2000 Moderate
>2000 High -
Magnesium (mg/kg)
<40 Very Low
40-100 Low 100-300 Moderate
>300 High -
% Organic Matter
0.5-1.0 Very Low
1.0-2.0 Low 2.0-3.0 Moderate
3.0-5.0 High >5 Very High
Figure 3.23: Texture Classification of Soil Samples
Figure 3.24: Nutrient Content of Soil Samples
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
(%)
Sample Locations
Texture Classification
Sand (%)
Clay (%)
Silt (%)
0
50
100
150
200
250
(mg/
kg)
Sample Locations
Nutrient content
Nitrogen
Phosphorous
Potassium
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 64
d) Baseline Soil Status
The Graphical representations of the Soil texture, Nutrient content are given are represented
above. It has been observed that the pH of the soil ranges from 6.72 -7.54 indicating that the
soil is ideal for plant growth. The nitrogen values are in the range of 9.6 -16.4 mg/kg and the
potassium values range between 98 -194 mg/kg, which indicate that the soils have moderate
quantities of potassium. The soil from the study area shows moderately fertility.
3.17 ECOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
The ecological survey has been done to establish the baseline ecological conditions of the
study area to assess the potential ecological impacts of the proposed project on ecology, to
develop adequate and feasible mitigation measures to keep ecological impacts within
acceptable limits, and to prepare comprehensive management plan.
There are no wild life sanctuaries/parks within 15 km radius of the project site. The area did
not record the presence of any critically threatened species. The records of Botanical Survey
of India and Forest Department also did not indicate presence of any high endemic or
vulnerable species in this area.
a) Methodology
Assessment of the existing vegetation types in the core and buffer zones has been done using
standard procedures. The terrain of the impact zone is chiefly plain and in some places gentle
undulations are observed.
The Biodiversity studies were already carried out in the entire study area. The study of
flora is conducted as per the guidelines of the Ministry of Environment and Forests,
Government of India (Anonymous 1994), with respect to the scope and objectives. The study
involved in collection of primary data by conducting survey in the field, examination of floral
and faunal records in previously published reports and records, and analysis of the
information in view of the possible alteration in environment of the proposed project site. For
the survey of fauna both direct and indirect observation methods were used.
b) Biological Environment
There is no threat to the Biodiversity due to the proposed project. The proposed project site is
a vacant land with some shrubs and herbs. No major trees are present at the site. Most of the
species are indigenous and naturalized. The floristic composition with the scientific names is
Muttukadu Backwaters
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 65
tabulated in Table 3.23. There are no rare and endangered species within the study area of
the project site.
Table 3.23: Floristic Composition in the Study Area
Sl. No Botanical Name Local Name
1 Acacua Arabica Gobli
2 Acacia Ferruginea Kaggali
3 Acacia Leucophloea Banni
4 Acacia Concinna Seege
5 Acacia Suma Bilijali
6 Abutilon Indica Thubbergida
7 AlangumLamrkil Ankola
8 Albizzia Amara Chukkiau
9 Azadirachta Bevu
10 PartheniumHystresporus Congress Grass
11 Bambus bamboos Big Bamboo
12 Cymbopogonnardus Citronella Grass
13 Delbergialatifolia Beete
14 Emblicaofficinal;is (Phylanthusembilca) Amla, Nalli
15 MangiferaIndica Mavu
i. Fauna in the study area
Field studies are conducted to assess fauna in the study area. Within the site at many places
mud crabs was found and also at many places within the site, snakes, scorpions etc. could be
noticed. On the basis of field studies and secondary sources, there are no endangered animal
species present in the study area. List of animals present in the study area are given below in
Table 3.24.
Table 3.24: Fauna Present in the Study Area
Scientific Name Common Name
Aves
Corvussplendens House crow
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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Pycnonotusjokokus White browed bulbul
Pycnonotuscafer Red vented bulbul
Dicrurusmacrocercus Black drongo
Gallus sonneratii Grey jungle fowl
Reptiles
Ptyasmucosus Rat Snake
Nerodiapiscator Fresh water snake
CalotesVersicolor Garden lizard
Saurialacertidae Lizard
Amphibian
Ranahexadactyla Frog
Ranatigrina Bull frog
Mammals
Funambulusspp Squirrel
Rattusnorvegicus Field mouse
Feliscatus Cat
CannisFamiliaris Dog
Rattusrattus Rat
3.16 ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY
Proposed project site falls under the survey of India Topo-sheet no. 66 D/2. As per MoEF
guideline, 10 Km radius from the project site is considered as study area for evaluating
environmental sensitivity. The description of the environmental sensitivity of the proposed
site is given below;
i. National Parks and Wild Life Sanctuaries
There is no wild life sanctuary, national park or bird sanctuary with in the 15 km radius of the
project site.
ii. Reserve Forests
There are no Reserve Forests within the 15 km radius of the proposed project site.
3.17 SOCIO- ECONOMIC PROFILE
Socio- Economic status of the population is an indicator for the development of the region.
Any developmental project of any magnitude will have a bearing on the living conditions and
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 67
on the economic base of population in particular and the region as a whole. Similarly, the
proposed activities will have its share of socio-economic influence in the study area. The
section delineates the overall appraisal of society relevant attributes. The data collection for
evaluation of impact of proposed project on socioeconomic aspects in the study area has
been done through primary household survey and through the analysis of secondary data
available for study area.
a) Methodology
The methodology adopted in assessment of socio-economic condition is as given below;
To assess socio-Economic conditions of the Population.
Analysis of the identified social attributes like population distribution, availability
of public utilities etc., through CD of Census of India 2001 and Census 2011.
Primary household survey to assess the present status of population of the study
area.
b) Sources of Information
As per the scope of this study, the information on socio-economic aspects has been gathered
and compiled from several secondary sources. These include Taluk Office, Collectorate,
Agriculture Department, Irrigation Department, Central Ground Water Board, Directorate of
Census Operation, Karnataka etc. The demographic data has mainly been compiled from the
CD of Census of India 2001. The socio-economic details are briefly described in following
sections.
c) Social Profile
Sociological aspects include human settlement, demographic and socio-economic aspects and
infrastructure facilities available in the study area. The economic aspects include agriculture
and occupational structure of workers.
The Proposed project site for development Industrial Estates is located in an area of 844.23
Acres is spread in villages namely Yedehalli, Chandana Hosahalli, Honnenahalli, Kengal
Kempohalli, Avverahalli, K.G.Srinivaspura, Billanakote which falls in Nelamangala Taluk,
Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka. This Integrated Industrial Estates proposes to have all
basic infrastructure facilities like separate Sub-Station for power supply, separate telephone
exchange and High Speed Data Connectivity. The District comprises of 4 taluks, 98 village
panchayats and 951 villages.
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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d) Settlement Pattern
The proposed project site is located at Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka. The study area is
decided as an area within 10 km radius from the proposed area. Altogether, there are 14
villages in the study area were near the study area.
The following are the villages around the site, where the socio-economic study were
carried out,
1. Yedehalli 2. Chandana Hosahalli
3. Honnenahalli 4. Kengal Kempohalli
5. Avverahalli 6. K.G. Srinivasapura
7. Billanakote 8. Pemannahalli
9. Agalakupa 10. Thyamagondulu
11. Veersagara 12. Vaddarpalya
13. Nijagal 14. Hossahalli
e) Population
The total population in the district is 1881514 (as per 2001 census), out of which rural
population constitutes 1474118 and urban population constitutes 407396. The schedule cast
population constitutes 323636 lakhs and the schedule tribe population constitutes 54333. The
sex ratio in the district is 955 females for every 1000 males. And the density of population is
323 per sq.km. The main occupation of the people in the district is cultivation and most of
them are agricultural laborers. The literacy rate is 61.9% in rural parts of which male literacy
rate is 72.4% and 51.1% is female literacy rate. And in urban parts of the district the literacy
rate is 76.2 % of which male literacy rate is 81.9% and female literacy rate is 70.10%. Socio
economic of the study area is given below in Table 3.25
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
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Table 3.25: Socio – Economic Status of the Study Area as per Census 2001
Village
No. of HH
Population SC Population ST Population Sex
Ratio Literat
es Total
Workers
Cultivators Agricultural
Laborers Workers in
HH industries
Total Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female
Male Female
Yedehalli 130 581 279 302 88 96 1 1 924 388 225 27 2 1 1 6 1
Chandana Hosahalli 45 231 119 112 16 17 0 0 1063 123 87 22 3 0 0 0 1
Honnenahalli 265 1123 537 586 303 333 16 21 916 736 410 87 65 154 15 8 4
Kengal Kempohalli
283 1221 643 578 134 106 23 21
1124
697 639 220 72 3 3 1 1
Avverahalli 80 319 158 161 99 111 5 1 981 189 155 32 7 1 1 0 0
K.G. Srinivasapura 55 246 128 118 42 40 0 0 1085 162 126 41 1 0 0 1 1
Billanakote 333 1359 719 640 59 57 35 33 1123 943 566 165 51 92 59 4 2
Pemannahalli 179 666 353 313 77 76 11 3 1128 438 261 50 1 3 3 1 0
Agalakupa 281 1239 613 626 141 163 176 174 979 806 606 179 94 16 44 3 0
Thyamagondulu 1918 8160 4151 4009 700 657 58 56 1035 5952 3341 344 90 245 138 175 99
Veersagara 110 442 221 221 19 25 5 1 1000 282 229 117 69 4 6 5 0
Vaddarpalya 15 68 32 36 16 17 0 0 888 42 21 11 0 5 1 0 0
Nijagal 74 312 158 154 44 52 3 0 1025 195 193 51 10 7 2 2 0
Hossahalli 147 614 343 271 20 13 36 36 1266 401 226 144 5 3 0 1 0
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 70
f) Education and Literacy Profile
Literacy is an important indicator to assess the Human Development Index of the area.
Overall literacy rate for the Honnenahalli village is 65 %. Literacy rate of Honenahalli village
is presented in Figure 3.25.
Figure 3.25: Literacy Rate in the Honnenahalli village
g) Economic Structure
Economic aspects of the study area include the economical structure of the people of the
surrounding area. The geographical location, natural resources, business and employment,
industries and manpower play vital role in the economic development of any region. It can
be predicted that economic structure of the study area will be improved with time, due to
the proposed Integrated Industrial Township, which will provide employment opportunities.
The population can be divided into two groups in terms of employment.
Workers and
Non-workers
Workers are further categorized into Main workers and Marginal workers. Main worker is a
person who has worked last year for six months or more. Marginal worker is a person who
has worked last year for less than six months. Non-worker is a worker who did not work at
all during the reference period of one year. The distribution of workers is given in Figure
3.26.
0
400
800
Male Female
Po
pu
lati
n in
Nu
mb
ers
Literacy rate in Honnenahalli Village
Population
Literates
Illiterates
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 71
Figure 3.26: Distribution of Work force in the proposed Project Site
h) Industrial Profile
In Bangalore rural Huge scope for industrial growth and development in milk and milk
products, food processing, silk weaving industries aerospace industries for manufacturing of
aerospace components, sub- assemblies etc.
Presence of many construction and infrastructure related industries such as bricks, tiles and
stoneware manufacturing, Ragi, Paddy Maize is the major cereals grown. Banana, Grapes,
Mango, Guava are the major fruits crops in Bangalore Rural District.
Apart from Agriculture the industries, trade and commerce occupy a prominent position in
the economy of the district. Bangalore Rural District is one of the most vital and vibrant
district in terms of industrial development in the state.
Industrial Areas in 6 places and 2 Industrial Estates in the district.
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Po
pu
lati
n in
Nu
mb
ers
Work force Distribution
Population
Non Workers
Total Workers
Main Workers
MarginalWorkers
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 72
Suvarna Karnataka Development Corridor proposes a Readymade Garment Zone,
Food Processing Zone and Media & Entertainment Zone covering the District.
3012 Acres of Land Bank in Nelamangala, Hoskote, Devanahalli Taluk.
Enormous scope for enhancement of productivity in agricultural and horticultural
production.
Improved seed varieties, advanced agricultural technology and mechanization are
the key areas of investment in the region.
Huge scope for contract farming with technology and knowledge transfer initiatives.
Horticulture segment in food processing is the thrust area in Bangalore Rural.
There is huge scope for spice processing industry as well as jam/jelly and juice
segment.
3.18 EXISTING STATUS OF INDUSTRIAL AREAS IN THE DISTRICT BANGALORE RURAL
Source: KIADB- Bangalore
Existing land status of industries in the Bangalore rural district is given in below Table 3.26
and 3.27.
Table 3.26: Existing land status of industries in the Bangalore rural district
Table 3.26: Existing land status of industries in the Bangalore rural district
S No.
Name of the Estate
Land acquired (In Hectare)
Land Developed (In Hectare)
Prevailing rate per Sqm
Numbers Formed
Numbers Allotted
Numbers Vacant
No. of units in production
Plots Sheds/flats
Plots
Sheds/flats
Plots Sheds /flat
Plots
Sheds /flats
1 Doddaballapur
20.26 20.26 2930 6 104 6 104 0 0 2 95
2 Hoskote 16.85 16.85 2580 32 69 28 65 4 4 10 42
3 TOTAL
Sl.No Area Acres
1 Bangalore Aerospace Park with Aerospace SEZ near BIAL 985
2 Basettihalli Doddaballapura IA 3rd Phase 736
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 73
Large Scale Industries / Public Sector undertakings
Table 3.27: Industrial estates developed in the district
Sl No Name & Address of the unit Area of working
1 Cadbury India Pvt. Ltd.Jodihanumanapalya, Kunigal 36th KM Stone, Nelmangala Tq.
Nelamangala
2 Dakshin Foundry Pvt. Ltd., Biswanahalli Village, Nelamangala, B’lore (R) trict.
Nelamangala
3 Denso Kirloskar (I) Pvt. Ltd. 30th KM. Tumkur Road, N.H. 4,
Nelamangala
4 Karle International Unit (2)Mallarabanawadi Village, Kunigal Road, Nelamangal Tq.
Nelamangala
5 Kirloskar Electric Co., Ltd..Govenahalli, Nelamangala tq
Nelamangala
6 Kurlon Ltd. Unit- Dobespet, Nel Tq. Nelamangala
7 LM Glass Fiber India Ltd., Dabaspet Industrial area, Nelamangala Tq.
Nelamangala
8 M/ s Karle Exports Ltd, Unit(1) Kunigal Road, Nelamangala
Nelamangala
9 M/s Kemweell Bio Pharma Pvt Ltd., T.Begur, N H-4, Nelamangala.
Nelamangala
10 M/s Magod Laser Machining Pvt Ltd., Dobaspet Industrial Area Nelamangal
Nelamangala
11 M/S Powerica Ltd, Bommanahalli, Tumkur Road, Nelamangala Tq
Nelamangala
12 M/S Tata Tea Ltd, Malngattanahalli, Nel. Tq. Nelamangala
13 M/S V-3 Engineers, Deganahalli, Nelamangal Tq. Nelamangala
14 M/S Vintac Ltd, Boodihal village, Nelamangal Taluk Nelamangala
15 Metropol Overseas Ltd., Survey No. 100, Hydalu Village, Nelamangala taluk
Nelamangala
16 Payne (India) Pvt.Ltd., 2nd PH, Dobbospet Industrial Area, Nelamangala Tq.
Nelamangala
17 Pepsi Co India Holdings Ltd. 34th K.M, Stone, NH4, TEPPADA & Thonachinakuppe Village, Nel. Tq.
Nelamangala
18 Sami Labs Ltd., Phase-11,KIADB 1A, Dobbaspet, Nelamangala Tq.
Nelamangala
19 Swan Silk Ltd. Plot No.169,Bypass Road, Nelamangala
3 Doddaballapura Apparel park –I& II Phase 459
4 Dobbaspet Stage I, II and IV, Nelamangala Taluk 1225
5 Sompura Stage I and II Nelamangala 721
6 Hoskote IA 402
7 IT/BT park 67.5
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 74
NelamangalaTq.
20 TD Power Systems Pvt.Ltd, Doaspet Industrial Area, Nelamangala TQ
Nelamangala
21 United Breweries Ltd.Gangadaranapalya, Nelamangala Tq.
Nelamangala
22 Vijaya Steels Ltd. Gangadharana Palya, Nel. Tq. Nelamangala
23 Emmvee Solar Systems Pvt Ltd. No.70/3 Dabapet Industrial Area, Nelamangala, Pemmanahalli, Bangalore Rural District.
Nelamangala
24 Kurlon Ltd. No. 22& 23, KIADB Industrial Area, Dabapet, Nelamangala, Bangalore Rural District.
Nelamangala
25 Pacific Industries Ltd. Sy.No.13 NH-48, Kempalinganahalli, Nelamangala Taluk.
Nelamangala
Source: District Industry Centre a) Major Exportable Item
Garments, Automobile parts, Electronic goods, Granites, Opthalmic lenses,
b) Growth Trend
Trend in the growth in respect of Garments, Automobile parts, Granites and lenses exist in
this district.
c) Vendorisation / Ancillarisation of the Industry:
Ancillary units in the field of Automobile parts, Garments, Engg. Products can be developed
in this district.
d) Medium Scale Enterprises
Table 3.28: List of the units in & Nearby Area
1 Himatsingaseide Ltd. Veerapura, KIADB Indl. Area, D.B.
PuraTq.
Doddaballapura
2 HimathSinghaka Side Wovens Ltd.
Apperalpark,Doddaballapur.
Doddaballapura
3 Volvo India Pvt. Ltd., Yelachanahalli, Thavarekere,
HosakoteTq.
Hosakote
4 United Motors & Heavy Equipment Pvt Ltd. Plot
No.12A, Industrial Area, Chokkahalli, HoskoteTaluk.
Hosakote
5 Camson Biotechnologies Ltd, Sy No.132,
Madagondanahalli Village, DoddaballapurTaluk.
Doddaballapura
6 Kurlon Ltd. No. 22& 23, KIADB Industrial Area, Dabapet,
Nelamangala, Bangalore Rural District.
Nelamangala
7 Microtex India Ltd. Plot No.33, 2nd Cross, HokoteIndl
Area, Hoskore, Bangalore Rural District.
Hosakote
DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
Page 75
Source: District Industry Centre, Bangalore Rural Dist e) Major Exportable Item
Silk and Automobile products
f) Infrastructure Facilities
Availability of infrastructure and facilities denote the level of overall development in the
study area. The District has many Engineering colleges, Medical College, Polytechnic
Software Companies and bussieness. The District is well connected by road NH-4
(Connecting Bangalore to Mumbai) and SH-3 Kanankapura – Ramamagara- Magadi-
Pavagadi Road.
3.19 RESETTLEMENT AND RELOCATION
There are certain pockets of lands owned by few personnel in the villages adjacent to our
project site and all the lands being purchased as well as the non-acquired properties within
the project area boundaries have no residences or structures on the site and involve no R&R
- "Resettlement and Relocation. Land developed by Karnataka Industrial areas Development
Board (KIADB).
We are in the process of identifying the owners of the non-acquired lands, once the land
owners are identified land acquisition will be done or alternate arrangement by proving
equivalent area or compensation will be made to the land owners. However we have
provided access roads and connectivity to each of private land within the boundary.
Hence there will not be any social issue regarding land usage.
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
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4. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 INTRODUCTION Environmental Impact can be defined as “any alteration of environmental conditions or
creation of a new set of environmental conditions, adverse or beneficial, caused or induced
by the action or set of actions under consideration”. Generally, Environmental Impacts can
be classified as primary or secondary impacts. Primary impacts are those, which are
attributed directly by the project while secondary impacts are those, which are induced by
primary impacts and include the associated investments and changed patterns of the social
and economic activities by the action.
This section identifies and assesses the potential changes in the environment that could be
expected from the proposed project. The impacts have been predicted for the proposed
activities assuming that the impact due to the existing activities has already been covered
under base line environmental monitoring and continue to remains same till the operation
of the project. The proposed project activities would create impact on the environment in
two distinct phases i.e., Construction and Operation Phases.
The major impacts that could result from the implementation of project are felt on the land,
air, water, biological, socio-economic and aesthetic environments. These impacts result
from the modification of local environmental traits, arising from submergence of land,
change in land use, loss of biodiversity and changes in hydrological features such as
alteration of flow characteristics and ground water table and displacement of people. These
impacts are intended and unintended, positive and negative, and could be assessed only
through location and project specific studies executed in a holistic manner. Assessment here
refers to analyzing and evaluating the impacts on ecosystems and socio-economic systems.
Analyzing is the objective task of identifying impacts/concerns, taking measurement of
baseline conditions and predicting the changes to baseline conditions that are likely to occur
as a result of the proposed actions.
Evaluation here is a subjective or normative task, which depends on the application of the
human values. It involves determining the significance of the effects to the affected parties.
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
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The impacts on Air, Water, Soil, Noise and Ecology, Socio Economic of the surrounding
environment due to the activities carried out during the construction phase and Operational
Phase is given below.
Accordingly, each impact is classified by different given categories as follows:
i. Based on the nature of impact (primary or secondary),
ii. Duration of impact (long term or short term),
iii. Type of impact (positive or negative), and
iv. Degree of impact (significant or insignificant).
4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS AND IMPACTS ANALYSIS
The environmental impacts caused due to the development of the project can be
categorized as primary (direct) and secondary (indirect) impacts. Primary impacts are those
which are induced directly by the project whereas the secondary impacts are those which
are indirectly induced and typically include the associated investment and changing patterns
of social and economic activities due to the proposed action. Interaction of the project
activities with environmental attributes is presented as Activity-Impact matrix in Table 4.1.
Potential direct and indirect impacts of the project during construction phase will be the
following.
Loss of vegetation due to the cutting of trees
Loss of Topsoil due to Clearing & Grubbing of new alignment, Borrow area,
Construction of Camp, Material Stacking yard
Temporary impacts in terms of polluted environment on flora and fauna due to the
construction activities
Impact on the drainage pattern due to raised embankment, introduction of new
culverts and bridge constructions
Impact on Traffic Management System
Increased air pollution (including dust) during project road construction
Increased noise level due to the movement of vehicles and construction activities
Increased soil erosion
Spillage of oils and other hazardous materials
Pollution of surface and sub-surface water sources
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
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Pollution due to generation of Spoils and Solid Waste
Potential direct and indirect impacts of the project during operation phase are the
following.
Increased noise pollution due to the vehicular movement
Impact on natural drainage pattern of the project area
Pollution of water bodies and impacts on its ecosystem due to hazardous chemical
or oil spillage into the canals and streams.
The positive impacts of the project will be,
Reduced air pollution due to better service levels of the road
Improved safe and efficient connectivity
Generation of local employment during road construction
Improvement of local economy and industry due to better infrastructure facilities
Table 4.1: Activity - Impact Identification Matrix
S.No Activities
Impacts on
Physical Environment Biological
Environment Geology Topography
Air Water Noise Flora Fauna Natural
Drainage Soil
A. Construction Phase
1 Labour Camp Activities
-ve/t
2 Material Transport & Storage
-ve/t -ve/t
4 Drilling and Blasting -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t
5 Earthwork -ve/p -ve/t -ve/t
6 Pavement Works -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/p
7 Use of Construction Equipment
-ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t
8 Plantation +ve/p +ve/p +ve/p
9 Drainage Works +ve/p
11 Culvert and Bridge Construction
-ve/t -ve/t -ve/p
12 Stripping of Topsoil -ve/t
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
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13 Debris Generation -ve/t -ve/t
14 Oil & Grease -ve/t
15 Construction in Rivers, Canal
-ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/p -ve/p -ve/p
B. Operational Phase
1 Vehicular
Movement
-ve/p -ve/p -ve/p ve/p
Note: t - Temporary; p - Permanent. Impacts indicated in bold letters are Significant Impacts. The impacts caused due to proposed project activity are discussed in the following sections.
4.3 IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE
The impacts on Air, Noise, Water, Soil, and Ecology of the surrounding environment due to
the activities carried out during the construction phase are discussed below.
i. Loss of Vegetation And Wildlife Habitat
During Construction there will be essentially entail the removal and loss of some, if not
most, of the existing trees and underlying grassland at the project site, and the permanent
erection of block and steel concrete structures associated with site new infrastructure. This
would constitute a loss of alternative land use, an irreversible commitment of land
resources, and thus a direct long-term impact.
The site was not extensively or heavily vegetated prior to construction and did not support
any significant ecological habitats or fauna. Therefore, the impacts from erecting the new
buildings are considered to be not significant in terms of habitat loss. Impact mitigation is
not required during the construction phase.
Landscaping of the site, after building completion, will see the introduction of plants and
trees that should offset any negative impacts associated with the removal and loss of
existing trees at the project site. The numbers and types of vegetation to be introduced
during the landscaping exercise are expected to be greater and more diverse than presently
obtains and these are expected to play a greater role in terms adding ecological value and
attracting birds and other terrestrial fauna during the operational phase of the project,
apart from being more pleasing aesthetically.
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
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ii. Modification of Drainage Pattern
The overall topography of the project site will be radically changed by the erection of
buildings and this will bring moderately significant change in the existing pattern of surface
drainage. Mainly, the impact will arise from the creation of impermeable surfaces (roofs,
pavements, etc.) and the corresponding reduction in the amount percolation in the soil and
capacity of the site to absorb rainfall.
iii. Erosion of Cleared Areas
Vegetation clearance and excavation works related to construction will expose soils in the
affected areas which could leave them vulnerable to erosion by surface run-off and create
the threat of water turbidity and sediment deposition in drains &nearby rivers. The
topography of the site and the pervious nature of the soils will cause erosive surface flows
during the construction works before landscaping and drainage works reduce the
susceptibility to soil erosion. Significant surface features such as gullies, streams or rivers in
close proximity to the site that could be affected by soil erosion.
iv. Materials Transportation
The various materials required for construction and building (e.g. Steel, Blocks, Lumber,
Marl, Asphalt, etc.) will be obtained from sources elsewhere and transported to the site.
Transportation of these materials, typically in over-laden and sometimes uncovered trucks,
usually results in undue road wear-and-tear. In the case of fine earth materials, dusting and
spillages occur on the roadways between source and site. Dusting degrades local air quality
and material spillages worsen road driving conditions and increase the risk of road
accidents. These occurrences represent indirect, short-term, reversible, negative impacts on
public health and safety related to the project.
v. Ambient Air Quality
During the construction phase the ambient air quality in and around the proposed project
site will have marginal adverse impacts due to the various activities which are part of
construction phase.
The various activities includes during construction phase such as site preparation, approach
roads, excavation, drilling, , foundation, tunneling, deployment of machinery, erection,
transportation, dumping will cause dust and gaseous emissions. The pollutant released
during the construction activities may cause immediate effect on the construction workers,
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
Page 81
directly exposed to them. Emission factors for various construction equipment’s are given in
Table 4.2.
Table 4.2: Emission Factors for Various Construction Equipment’s
Type of Construction Equipment
VOC
(g/hp- Hr)
CO
(g/hp- Hr)
Nox
(g/hp- Hr)
PM10
(g/hp- Hr)
PM 2.5 (g/hp-
Hr)
SO2
(g/hp- Hr)
CO2
(g/hp- Hr)
Water Truck 0.440 2.070 50490 0.410 0.400 0.740 536.000
Diesel Road Compactors 0.370 1.480 4.900 0.340 0.330 0.740 536.200
Diesel Dump Truck 0.440 2.070 5.490 0.410 0.400 0.740 536.000
Diesel Excavator 0.340 1.300 4.600 0.320 0.310 0.740 536.300
Diesel Trenchers 0.510 2.440 5.810 0.460 0.440 0.740 535.800
Diesel Bore/Drill Rigs 0.600 2.290 7.150 0.500 0.490 0.730 529.700
Diesel Cement & Mortar Mixers
0.610 2.320 7.280 0.480 0.470 0.730 529.700
Diesel Cranes 0.440 1.300 5.720 0.340 0.330 0.730 530.200
Diesel Graders 0.350 1.360 4.730 0.330 0.320 0.740 536.300
Diesel Tractors/ Loaders/Backhoes
1.850 8.210 7.220 1.370 1.330 0.950 691.100
Diesel Bull Dozers 0.360 1.380 4.760 0.330 0.320 0.740 536.300
Diesel Front End Loaders 0.380 1.550 5.000 0.350 0.340 0.740 536.200
Diesel Fork Lifts 1.980 75760 8.560 1.390 1.350 0.950 690.800
Diesel Generator Set 1.210 3.760 5.970 0.730 0.710 0.810 587.300
Source: USEPA 2005 Emission Facts
Temporary increase in air pollution will result from the use of construction equipment,
portable lights, and fugitive dust. Due to the short duration of the Planned Action, any
impacts on ambient air quality during construction activities are expected to be short term.
Air pollutants released from vehicles are given in Table 4.3 and the Construction Fugitive
Dust Emission Factors in given in Table 4.4.
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
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Table 4.3: Pollutants Released From Light Duty Trucks
Pollutants
Emission Factors Assumptions Pollutant concentration
Cars (g/mile)
Trucks (g/mile)
Mile/day Day/yr No. of Cars
No. of Trucks
Emissions from Cars (tns/yr)
Emissions from
Trucks (tns/yr)
Total (tns/yr
)
VOCs 1.36 1.61 40 120 3 20 0.034 0.26 0.294
CO 12.4 15.7 40 120 3 20 0.31 2.49 2.8
NOx 0.95 1.22 40 120 3 20 0.023 0.19 0.42
PM- 10 0.0052 0.0065 40 120 3 20 0.00 0.00 0.00
PM-2.5 0.0049 0.006 40 120 3 20 0.00 0.00 0.00
Source: USEPA 2005 Emission Facts
Table 4.4: Construction Fugitive Dust Emission Factors
Components Emission factor Unit Source
Construction Activities 0.19 ton PM 10 /acre- month MRI 1996; EPA 2001; EPA 2006
New Road Construction 0.42 ton PM 10 /acre- month MRI 1996; EPA 2001; EPA 2006
PM 2.5 emissions 0.10 (10% of PM10 emissions assumed to be PM2.5)
EPA 2001; EPA 2006
Control Efficiency 0.50 (assume 50% control efficiency for PM10 and PM2.5 emissions)
EPA 2001; EPA 2006
Source:
EPA 2001. Procedures Document for National Emissions Inventory, Criteria Air
Pollutants, 1985-1999. EPA-454/R-01-006.
EPA 2006. Documentation for the Final 2002 Nonpoint Sector (Feb 06 version)
National Emission Inventory for Criteria and Hazardous Air Pollutants.
MRI 1996. Improvement of Specific Emission Factors (BACM Project No. 1). Midwest
Research Institute (MRI)
vi. Materials Storage
The improper sitting and storage of sand, gravel, cement, etc., at the project site could lead
to fine materials being washed away into the adjacent environment during heavy rainfall
events. This would not only represent a waste of materials but would also contribute to
turbidity and sedimentation with negative impacts on water quality and the ecology of
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
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shallow marine environments. Hazardous and flammable materials (e.g. paints, thinner,
solvents, lubricants, fuels, etc.), improperly stored and handled onsite, are potential health
hazards for construction workers. Improper storage and handling of fuel and oil would
inevitably result in spillage during equipment refueling and maintenance exercises. Spilt
petrochemicals would have the potential to contaminate soil and inhibit plant growth on
the site.
vii. Noise Environment
Foundation work will involve land excavation, affecting environment by noise. Structural
work, deployment of machinery, approach of road construction and erection of roads will
result in noise and vehicular traffic. Material handling and transportation would also lead to
significant noise pollution. Continuous Exposure of workers to high sound levels may result
in annoyance, fatigue. Albeit annoying, this negative impact will be short-term (limited to
the duration of the road construction works) and is not considered to be a significant threat
to the health or wellbeing of humans. Distance will help to ameliorate noises. The
construction Equipment Noise Emission Levels is given below in Table 4.5
Table 4.5: Construction Equipment Noise Emission Levels
Equipment’s Typical Noise Level (DBa )
50 ft from Source
Air Compressor 81
Concrete Mixer 85
Concrete pump 82
Concrete Vibrator 76
Crane,Derrick 88
Crane,Mobile 83
Generator 81
Grader 85
Jack hammer 88
Loader 85
Pump 76
Rail saw 90
Rock drill 98
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
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Roller 74
Saw 76
Scraper 89
Shovel 82
Tie cutter 84
Tie handler 80
Tie inserter 85v
Truck 88d
A construction noise assessment for a major project is performed by comparing the
predicated noise levels with criteria established for the type of project. The approach
requires a descriptor, a standardized prediction method and set recognized criteria for
assessing impact. The descriptor used for construction noise as the Leq. This unit
appropriate for the following reasons.
It can used to describe noise level from operation of each piece of equipment
separately and is easy to combine to represent the noise level from all equipment
operating during a given period.
It can be used to describe the average the noise level during entire phase.
It can used to describe the average noise over all phases of the construction.
viii. Water Environment
Construction phase requires large quantities of water to be used in various processing such
as material preparation in equipment’s. Change in quality of water forms an important
concern associated the project particularly during the construction phase. Earth works,
crushing of stones, cutting and modification of the terrain, alteration of drainage systems
and soil erosion are the major factors that affect the water quality during construction
phase.
During rainy season, the runoff water joining the water sources from nearby areas of the
development sites will add more such debris and soil particles to enhance the level of
suspended solids in the water bodies. This will adversely affect the fishes and other aquatic
life forms apart from the human beings who are dependent on the surface water for their
daily use.
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
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Following are the most susceptible locations for contamination of water during
construction:
Waterlogged areas have water in them during the period of construction. Land fill
material may increase the turbidity of this water logged body and thereby may invite
vector of disease.
Surface and ground water resources close to construction material storage yard,
concrete mixer plants and maintenance sites of construction vehicles; and
Leakage of lubricant or spill may cause water pollution of surface and ground water
body.
Impact due to accidental spills or due to bad construction practice, will be short term
and low in magnitude and confined to the construction period only.
ix. Biological Environment
Dust emissions from the construction activity will affect the plant and animal respiration
activity. Construction activities change the natural environment. But it also creates a built
environment for the surrounding. Emissions such as PM10, PM2.5 NOx, SOx from D.G sets
and other vehicles may also cause respiration problem for the surrounding organisms. The
extent of the pollution will be about 2km form the project area.
x. Construction Waste Disposal
Solid waste generated during site preparation and construction work would include cut
vegetation and typical construction waste (e.g. wasted concrete, steel, wooden scaffolding
and forms, bags, waste earth materials, etc.). This waste would negatively impact the site
and surrounding environment if not properly managed and disposed of at an approved
dumpsite. Cleared vegetation burned onsite would generate smoke, possibly impacting
negatively on ambient air quality and human health. Vegetation and solid waste, if allowed
to accumulate in drainage ways, could cause localized pooling and flooding. Pooling of
water, in turn, would create conditions conducive to the breeding of nuisance and health-
threatening pests such as mosquitoes and rats. Poor construction waste management
constitutes a short-term, possibly long-term, negative impact.
xi. Socio Economic Environment
a) Positive Impacts
Income to the Equipment and Material suppliers
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
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This project will promote the procurement of equipment’s and machineries
for the various activities involved during the construction phase where it is
technically and commercially feasible.
Procurement of material suppliers for various activities involved in the
construction phase which will also promote the growth of the economy of
the local material suppliers in and around the proposed Project site.
Employment Opportunities
Proposed project will create employment opportunities to the local people
present around the Project Site.
At this stage it is not possible to accurately determine the number of workers
that will be employed on the site during the construction phase but it is
estimated that this number would be between 1800-2000 persons
throughout the construction phase. These levels of short-term employment
opportunities would have a positive impact on the local economy and on
regional unemployment.
b) Negative Impacts
OHS Risks to Construction Workers
During construction phase of the proposed project the employers are subject
to Health and Safety Risks.
To eradicate the Health and Safety risks to the employers Personal
Protective Equipment’s will be Provided
Ensuring good housekeeping and cleaning operations
Sanitation Facilities
Proper On Site Sanitation facilities will be provided for the employers
The wastewater generated during construction phase will be treated in the
Proposed Septic Tank and Soak Pit.
4.4 IMPACTS DURING OPERATION PHASE
The impacts on Ambient Air, Groundwater, Soil, Noise and Ecology of the surrounding
environment during the Operation phase are discussed below
i. Ambient Air Quality
The potential impact on air quality would mainly be from
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
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Combustion of fuel in standby Diesel Generators
The operation of diesel generators would be only during the power interruption
from supply from TNEB, when emissions due to combustion of fuel (High Speed
Diesel) will take place. The anticipated key air emissions from the project would be
particulate matter, oxides of nitrogen (NOX), Sulphur dioxide (SO2) and Carbon
monoxide (CO).
Vehicles plying for transportation of raw and finished materials(concrete, blocks etc,)
Emission of PM10, PM2.5, NOx, SOx from D.G set and Vehicular traffic and also dust
emission from vehicular movement may pollute the ambient air quality which in turn
cause breathing problem to the patients and student and employees.
ii. Noise Environment
Noise pollution is caused due to the various activities which involves the vehicular
movement, D.G sets etc.
iii. Water Environment
During the water will be purchased so there will not be any abstraction of ground water in
the project site. Disposal of domestic wastewater generated may also affect the quality.
Impacts due to Liquid waste from the proposed industries will also affect the water quality.
iv. Land Environment
Dumping of municipal solid waste & industrial waste on the land will affect the soil quality.
Poor garbage management would lead to unsanitary conditions including vermin and fly
infestation and odors as well as unsightly conditions. Although the means of solid waste
collection and disposal have not been determined, it is expected that garbage management
and good housekeeping will be practiced and that problems arising from the improper
storage of solid waste will therefore be avoided. Spillage of waste oil from the D.G set may
also have an impact on soil quality.
v. Biological Environment
The impact on terrestrial ecology will be due to emission of gaseous pollutants like NOX,
SO2 and hydrocarbons. The gaseous pollutants at a very low dose act as atmospheric
fertilizer for the vegetation. However, at higher doses, they are injurious to vegetation.
vi. Socio Economic Environment
The proposed project would provide employment opportunities and improved working
conditions for the workers employed at the facility both during construction and operation
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phase. The project will increase the economic activities around the area. The proposed
project would enhance the existing infrastructure in the area by providing a cleaner and
greener environment.
Impacts on Socio Economic Environment
During the operation stage of the project the healthcare workers may come
in contact with the infected and contaminated instruments and needles.
Community Health Risk to Improper waste management
4.5 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION AND ENHANCEMENT MEASURESDURING
CONSTUCTION PHASE
i. Introduction
Mitigation is the implementation of measures designed to reduce the undesirable effects of
a proposed project on the environment. As companies and individuals we all have an
important role to play in protecting the environment, which is very sensitive to change and
once damaged can take a long time to recover.
For mitigation to be effective the following factors should be taken care of
The measure proposed must be achievable within time, resources and capabilities
The mitigation measures must correspond to impacts
Funding must be adequate over the life of the activity
Preventive mitigation is usually cheapest and most effective. It must be done at
design stage.
Mitigation measures can be categorized with respect to construction and operation phase.
For the mitigation of environmental impacts various environmental infrastructures have
been proposed and are given in following sections.
The mitigation measures on Air, Noise, Water, Soil, and Ecology of the surrounding
environment due to the activities carried out during the construction phase are discussed
below
ii. Mitigation for Loss of Vegetation and Wildlife Habitat
Landscaping of the site, after building completion, will see the introduction of plants and
trees that should offset any negative impacts associated with the removal and loss of
existing trees at the project site. The numbers and types of vegetation to be introduced
during the landscaping exercise are expected to be greater and more diverse than presently
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obtains and these are expected to play a greater role in terms adding ecological value and
attracting birds and other terrestrial fauna during the operational phase of the project,
apart from being more pleasing aesthetically.
iii. Mitigation for Modification of Drainage Pattern
Rainwater harvesting prevents the flooding of low-lying areas in the project
premises, Rain Water Harvesting System as described below sections
A basic surface drainage system can be provided for the site to avoid water runoff on
to the surrounding properties and roads, especially during the monsoon months.
If during excavation, water accumulates in the excavated areas, then it should be
pumped out and disposed off either in the municipal storm water drain or into
recharge soak pits of dry bore wells.
iv. Mitigation for Erosion of Cleared Areas
Non-structural measures mainly control the “vulnerability” component of flood risk, they
include:
Spatial planning policy with a presumption against development or
encroachment of economic activities onto flood plains.
Re-cover exposed soils with grass and other appropriate species as soon as
possible.
Temporarily bund exposed soil and redirect flows from heavy runoff areas that
threaten to erode or result in substantial surface runoff to adjacent marine
waters
Monitor areas of exposed soil during periods of heavy rainfall throughout the
construction phase of the project
Building regulations to control the additional runoff from any development in the
catchment outside the flood plain
Regulations to control increases in vulnerability to flooding and of flood plain use
Provision of effective warning systems with emergency response plans
Public education in flood risk and encouragement of personal measures to
reduce flood losses For control of flooding in urban areas, land use planning and implementation of adequate
capacity drainage network is essential. Drainage improvement shall be integrated into the
master plan for water management in the urban areas.
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v. Mitigation for Materials Transportation
All fine earth materials must be covered during transportation to the site to
prevent spillage and dusting. Trucks used for that purpose on the project should be
fitted with tailgates that close properly and with tarpaulins to cover the materials.
The cleanup of spilled earth and construction material on the main roads should be
the responsibility of the contractor and should be done in a timely manner (say
within 4 hours) so as not to inconvenience or endanger other road users. These
requirements should be included as clauses within contracts made with relevant
sub-contractors.
The transportation of lubricants and fuel to the site should only be done in the
appropriate vehicles and containers, i.e. fuel tankers and sealed drums.
As far as possible, transport of construction materials should be scheduled for off-
peak traffic hours. This will reduce the risk of traffic congestion and of road
accidents on the access roads to the site.
vi. Mitigation for Ambient Air Quality
a. Mitigation measures for Air Pollution
Site clearance, excavation and earthmoving
The working area for the uprooting of shrubs or vegetation or for the removal of
boulders or temporary or permanent structures shall be sprayed with water or a
dust suppression chemical immediately before, during and immediately after the
operation so as to maintain the entire surface wet.
Access road
Every main haul road shall be paved with concrete, bituminous materials,
hardcore or metal plates, and kept clear of dusty materials; or sprayed with
water or a dust suppression chemical so as to maintain the entire road surface
wet.
Construction equipment’s
All machineries to be used for construction purpose will be of highest standard
of reputed make and compliance of noise pollution control norms by these
equipment’s will be emphasized by company.
Acoustic laggings and silencers will be used in equipment’s wherever possible.
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Feasibility of putting up acoustic enclosure / temporary barrier around areas
with high noise levels will also be explored.
Transport vehicles and construction equipment’s / machineries will be properly
maintained to reduce air emissions.
Equipment’s will be periodically checked for pollutant emissions against
stipulated norms.
Exhaust vent of DG set will be kept at proper height to ensure quick dispersal of
gaseous emissions.
Use of vehicle
Immediately before leaving a construction site, every vehicle shall be washed
to remove any dusty materials from its body and wheels.
Where a vehicle leaving a construction site is carrying a load of dusty materials,
the load shall be covered entirely by clean impervious sheeting to ensure that
the dusty materials do not leak from the vehicle.
Excavation and earth moving
The working area of any excavation or earth moving operation should be
sprayed with water or a dusty suppression chemical immediately before,
during and immediately after the operation so as to maintain the entire surface
wet.
Stock Piles
All loose material either stocked or transported shall be provided with suitable
covering such as tarpaulin, etc.
Water sprinkling shall be done at the location where dust generation is
anticipated.
Over Burden (OB) waste dumps shall be sprayed with water as they are major
sources of air borne particulate matter/dust.
OB waste dumps shall be reclaimed / afforested to bind the loose soil and to
prevent soil erosion.
DG Set
D.G. set should be placed in an acoustic enclosure.
D.G. set should be placed on the wooden platform to minimize the vibration.
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The green belt development will also help in reducing noise levels in the
campus.
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has issued emission limits for
generators upto 800 KW. The same are outlined in Table 4.6, and are
recommended to be followed.
Table 4.6: Emission Limits for DG Sets Prescribed By CPCB
Parameter Emission limits (gm/kwhr)
NOx 9.2
HC 1.3
CO 2.5
PM 0.3
Smoke limit* 0.7
Note: * Light absorption coefficient at full load (m-1).
Location of DG sets and other emission generating equipment should be
decided keeping in view the predominant wind direction so that emissions do
not effect nearby residential areas.
Stack height of DG sets to be kept in accordance with CPCB norms, which
prescribes the minimum height of stack to be provided with each generator set
to be calculated using the following formula:
H =h +0.2×ÖKVA
H = Total height of stack in meter
h = Height of the building in metres where the generator set is installed
KVA = Total generator capacity of the set in KVA
vii. Mitigation for Materials Storage
The stockpiling of construction materials should be properly managed and
controlled. Fine grained materials (sand, marl, etc.) should be stockpiled away
from surface drainage channels and features.
Low beams should be placed around the piles and/or tarpaulin used to cover
open piles of stored materials to prevent them from being washed away during
rainfall.
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Safe storage areas should be identified and retaining structures constructed prior
to the arrival of material.
Hazardous chemicals (e.g. fuels) should be properly stored in appropriate
containers and these should be safely locked away. Conspicuous warning signs
(e.g. ‘No Smoking’) should also be posted around hazardous waste storage and
handling facilities.
Refueling and maintenance of heavy construction vehicles at the site, should be
done at specified areas or makeshift "depots" where measures are in place to
deal with spillages and temporary storage of oily wastes. Preferably these depots
should be located in an area that would ultimately be permanently paved (e.g.
parking lots) thereby covering contaminated soil if any. The ground at the depot
site should be covered with a thick layer of marl to absorb any spillages.
Subsequently, this marl layer should be removed for proper disposal. In the
event of a large spill, the latter must be cleaned up immediately by excavating
the contaminated soil and removing it in a secure vehicle to an approved
disposal site.
In order to reduce ground contamination, an impervious sump or container
should also be placed under the spigots of fuel drums to collect drippings.
viii. Mitigation for Noise Environment
Construction activities that will generate disturbing sounds should be restricted
to normal working hours.
Workers operating equipment that generates noise should be equipped with
noise protection gear. Workers operating equipment generating noise levels
greater than 70
dBA continuously for 8 hours or more should use earmuffs. Workers
experiencing prolonged noise levels of 70 – 80 dBA should wear earplugs.
The construction activities will be restricted to the daytime and no construction
will be practiced during night.
Barricades will be provided around the construction site to confine noise within
the site.
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To reduce the impact of air and noise pollution and to provide a clean, healthy environment,
it has been proposed to create and maintain a green belt within the building complex and
along the roadsides.
ix. Mitigation for Water Environment
Excavation can be avoided during monsoon season
Check dams shall be provided to prevent construction runoff from the site to the
surrounding water bodies.
Pit latrines and community toilets with temporary soak pits and septic tanks shall
be constructed on the site during construction phase to prevent wastewater
from entering the ground water or surrounding water bodies.
To prevent surface and ground water contamination by oil/grease, leak proof
containers shall be used for storage and transportation of oil/grease.
Controlled withdrawal of groundwater during construction.
x. Mitigation for Biological Environment
The dust emissions will be suppressed by spraying water and then the activities
will be carried out.
Emissions from D.G sets and vehicles will be minimized by proper maintenance
and by avoiding use of adulterant fuels and will be maintained below the
standard limits prescribed by competent authority.
Important species of trees will be identified and marked and will be merged with
landscape plan.
xi. Construction Waste Disposal
A site waste management plan should be prepared by the contractor prior to
commencement of building. This should include the designation of appropriate
waste storage areas, collection and removal schedule, identification of approved
disposal site, and a system for supervision and monitoring. Preparation and
implementation of the plan must be made the responsibility of the building
contractor with the system being monitored independently.
Special attention should be given to minimizing and reducing the quantities of
solid waste produced during site preparation and construction. To reduce
organic waste, softer vegetation may be composted onsite and used for soil
amendment during landscaping.
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Most of the construction materials like soil, bricks, concrete will be reused in the
backfilling, road construction, sub-grade reparation etc. works. Metals, word
scraps & bitumen junks will be recycled either within site or outside with help of
the local authority. The measures like reusing materials on-site and /or donating
/selling salvaged items reduces waste, virgin material use and disposal cost.
Vegetation and combustible waste must not be burned on the site.
Reusable inorganic waste (e.g. excavated sand) should be stockpiled away from
drainage features and used for in filling where necessary.
Unusable construction waste, such as damaged pipes, formwork and other
construction material, must be disposed of at an approved dumpsite.
xii. Mitigation for Land Environment
The soil will be collected separately and preserved in stacks with side slopes not
exceeding 1:5. The topsoil (soil on the top 15 cm patch) will be preserved
separately in a stack covered by tarpaulin. Efforts will be made to reinstate the
soil for backfilling purposes. Topsoil will be reused for horticultural areas.
The spillage of oil from the machinery or cement residue from concrete mixer
plants might contaminate the soil if not properly collected and disposed off. Thus
most stringent safety and construction management norm will be implemented
at site.
xiii. Health & safety measures during construction phase
Construction related activities will be confined only to project site area, hence no
health related impact are envisaged within the project influenced area during
the construction stage and will be limited to occupant levels.
At the project site much direct exposure to dust generation and high noise
generation sources likely to cause occupant health related impact such as
asthma, bronchitis and noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) etc. on the construction
workers. In order to offset such effects, proper drinking water, sanitation and
first aid facility will be provided at the construction site, with trained shift
supervisors, which will ensure minimum adverse occupational health impacts on
the construction worker.
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4.6 ENVIRONMENTAL MITIGATION AND ENHANCEMENT MEASURES DURING OPERATION
PHASE
The mitigation measures for Ambient Air, Groundwater, Soil, Noise and Ecology of the
surrounding environment during the Operation phase are discussed below
ii. Ambient Air Quality
Use of low sulphur diesel will minimize the emissions from D.G set
Use of Clean fuel and proper maintenance of the vehicles will also minimize the
SPM, NOx, SOx from the exhaust of the vehicles.
Development of Green belt with specific species will help in reduce the PM levels
to be carried out.
Informatory sign shall be provided to encourage vehicle owners to maintain their
vehicle and follow the emission standards fixed by Government Authorities.
Location of DG sets and other emission generating equipment should be decided
keeping in view the predominant wind direction so that emissions do not effect
nearby residential areas.
iii. Noise Environment
Proper maintenance of the vehicles and record keeping on the same will reduce
the noise levels.
The noise produced by the D.G sets can be minimized by providing proper
acoustic enclosures and isolating the D.G set will ensure minimum noise at the
receiver’s end.
iv. Water Environment
Efficient Rainwater Management Plan will be adopted to reduce the impact due to surface
runoff
a) Rain Water Harvesting System
A rainwater harvesting system comprises components of various stages - transporting
rainwater through pipes or drains, filtration, and tanks for ground water recharge. As the
proposed facility will comprise only the roof top rain water for ground water recharge. The
runoff from the first spell of rain carries a relatively larger amount of pollutants from the air
and catchments surface so the system will be provided with a filtration pit consists of the
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layers of sand, gravel and pebbles of relevant sizes to remove the removable impurities
from the runoff water from the roof top.
Rainwater harvesting besides helping to meet the ever increasing demand for water, helps
to reduce the runoff which is choking storm drains, avoid flooding of roads, augment the
ground water storage and to control decline of water level, reduce groundwater pollution,
improve quality of groundwater and reduce soil erosion. Rainwater harvesting is viewed as a
water security measure with two broad types of program as given below,
Roof water harvesting and is rather a temporary measure, focusing on human needs
providing immediate relief from water scarcity. The capacity of the storage tank determines
the cost of the system and reliability of the system for assured water supply. A Demand-
supply analysis is required while designing water collection tanks. The factors such as
amount and frequency of rainfall, runoff coefficient of the collecting surface, number of
users, daily requirements and dearth period are important for calculating the size and
capacity of the storage tank. The method of calculation is depicted in Table. 4.7.
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Figure 4.1: Two Broad Areas of Rainwater Harvesting
Table 4.7: Calculation of the Size of the Collection Space and Storage Tank
Month
Rainfall in
mm
Water collected
from surface
area in litres
(multiplied by
runoff coefficient
of the surface)
Cumulative
water
collected in
litres
Monthly
demand
in litres
Cumulative
Demand in
Litres
Difference
between
cumulative
supply
and demand
Calendar
Months
Rainfall
data from
approved
sources
Water collected
during the month
from the
available
Water
collected
prior to the
current
Assuming
number
of members as 4
or 5 and per
Water
demand for
the current
month is
The value of
column four is
subtracted
from that of
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collection space
(runoff
coefficient is
0.75- 0.95 for
roof surfaces and
0.05 -0.35 for
various land
surfaces)
month is
added to the
previous
month
capita daily use
of 15 litres in the
case of
drinking and 40/
50 litres for
general domestic
purposes or
Irrigation
requirement of
the crops
added to the
previous
months
column six.
The greatest
resultant value
is considered
to be the size
of the storage
tank.
b) Ground Water Recharge
Excess Roof top rainwater can be diverted to the existing open / bore well after filtration.
Along with this, rainwater available in the open spaces around the building may be
recharged into the ground through the simple effective methods such as Percolation pits or
Recharge Trench. Generally these pits are filled with pebbles or brick pieces to avoid water
stagnation.
c) Need for Rainwater Harvesting
Rainwater harvesting and re-charging in to ground water provides increase of ground water
table. Rainwater harvesting prevents the flooding of low-lying areas in the factory premises,
Salinity if ground water is reduced.
d) Recharge structures
Rainwater may be charged into the groundwater aquifers through any suitable structures
like recharge pits. Area the size of the Percolation pit and Recharge trench will be provided
for the proposed.
v. Meteorological Data- Rainfall Details
Statistics indicate that the district receives rainfall under the influence of the South-west
monsoon period extending from June to September and North-east monsoon period
monsoon extending from October to December. The Northeast monsoon mainly contributes
to the rainfall in the area. The Southwest Monsoon rainfall is erratic.
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a) Rainfall Intensity
Rainfall intensity selected is for storm of duration equal to time of concentration (as per IRC-
SP 50) of site
i. Time of Concentration
Time of concentration is estimated as 0.5 hours, empirically based on distance of
furthest point from outlet of the site and average slope of this path (as per Kirpich
formula). For smaller duration storms, the contributing catchment area will reduce.
ii. Duration of storm
The selection of duration of storm for selection of rainfall intensity is 0.5 hours.
iii. Rainfall intensity
Using monthly rainfall data from 2008 to 2012. Estimated rainfall intensities 86 mm/hr.
b) Storm Water Runoff Estimate
Hydraulic design - This includes determination of storage capacity and storage
dimension (length, width and height) of the pond and dimensions of spillway for safe
disposal of excess inflow to the pond.
Design of Drain Section: Capacity of the drain is designed using Manning’s formula:
Q = 1/n*A*R2/3*S1/2
V = 1/n*R2/3*S1/2P
Q = Discharge in m3/sec
V = Mean velocity in m/sec
N = Manning’s rugosity coefficient
R = Hydraulic mean radius which is ratio of area flow to the wetted perimeter.
S= Gradient of drain bed
A=Area of flow cross section in m2
The maximum storm water runoff volume is obtained from entire site for selected peak
storm. The various co-efficient of runoff referred, is as shown in Table 4.8. Detention
storage required to absorb excess runoff volume in hours will be estimated for various
rainfall intensities.
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Table 4.8: Values of run-off coefficient
S No. Description of Surface Run-off coefficient, C
1 Roof Area 0.85
2 Road and Parking 0.75
3 15 m Buffer 0.15
4 Green Belt area 0.15
5 others 0.15
Table 4.9: RWH Computation
S.No Description Area in Sq.m Runoff Co-efficient
Avg rainfall per Annum(m)
Rain water quantity (cum/Annum)
1. Roof Area 8,65,404 0.85 0.86 6,32,610
2. Road and paved area
4,59,601.5 0.75 0.86 2,96,442.97
3. Buffer 3,39,774.1 0.15 0.86 43,830.9
4. Parks & Green area
6,56,683.4 0.15 0.86 84,712.2
5. others 10,95,338.8 0.15 0.86 1,412, 98.7
Total 34,16,478 11,98,894.77
c) Present Drainage
The proposed expansion activity includes the rain water harvesting system through RWH
structures like percolation pits and recharge trench for recharging the aquifers.
d) Percolation Pits
• Percolation pits at every 100 m intervals
• The top covered with perforated R.C.C. slab.
• The rain water collected in the terrace will be collected through a 150 mm PVC pipe
laid on the ground and may be allowed to fall in the pits.
• A network of storm water drains will be proposed all along the direction along the
main roads and cross roads
• Size would be 0.6 X 0.6 m box and depth of 0.8 m).
• Runoff from roads and paved / landscaped areas will be directed to storm water
drains.
• Water collected through drains is finally discharged into rain water harvesting drains.
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• Rain water harvesting pond will be provided (Capacity – 4000 m3)
Figure 4.2: Rain Water Harvesting Pit
e) Future Drainage
The whole storm management system for the study is divided into two components:
f) Inside drain management
Surface runoff from the site is collected by the road side drains which will be drained into
the central lakes and the channel. Excess runoff can be harvested in the two harvesting
sources identified. On top of it, there are number of existing wells which can be used for
Ground water recharging.
g) Peripheral Drain
Surface runoff from the upstream catchment will be channelized through the peripheral
drain and finally it will be channelized.
h) Surrounding Drainage
Management of surrounding drainage from the identified catchment area is planned as far
as possible along the natural drainage pattern.
iv. Storm Water Management within Site
Management of storm water within the site is planned as far as possible along the natural
pattern. Rainwater harvesting measures are suggested to absorb the excess storm water
runoff generated by the proposed development within the site itself. Quantity of storm
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water contributed by the site to the Channel (before and after development) is worked out.
If entire rainwater harvesting potential of site as assessed can be realized then runoff to
Rainwater Harvesting Potential
Since proposed locations of water bodies are in and around development, these can be used
for rainwater harvesting. They will also serve purpose of detention storage and absorb
excess runoff from the site.
v. Commercial Solid Waste Management
Out of total municipal waste, it is expected that approximately 45 % will be biodegradable,
12 % will be recyclable and rest 43% will be inert waste. Since the quantities of such
municipal waste is not likely to be huge, it is suggested that instead of installing a processing
or treatment plant/ unit such as compost plant or biomethanation plant, the Client could
discuss the matter with the local Municipality if they agree to collect this Municipal waste
and dispose as per Municipal Solid Waste (Handling and Management) Rules, 2000 on per
ton treatment charge basis.
vi. Industrial Waste and its Management
Out of the total industrial waste likely to be produced, it is estimated that approximately 45
% will be biodegradable, 12 % will be recyclable and rest 43% will be inert waste. In general,
it would be the responsibility of individual industrial units to collect, store and dispose the
hazardous waste generated within their premises as per the Hazardous Wastes
(Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Second Amendment Rules, 2009
and its base legislation. Schedule 1 of the said Rules mentions the list of processes that
generate hazardous waste along with the type of waste.
For management of Industrial waste individual industrial units may consider having an
agreement with the nearest Treatment, Storage, Disposal Facility (TSDF) operator to dispose
the hazardous waste. TSDF sites generally have landfilling and incineration facilities are
available within their premises.
vii. Non-Hazardous Industrial Waste and its Management
Out of the total industrial waste likely to be produced from manufacturing plants/ units in
Phase 4 of this Industrial development, it is estimated that approximately 760 Kg/day would
be non-hazardous in nature. This category of waste would not warrant any kind of special
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treatment or processing similar to the hazardous waste. Non Hazardous industrial wastes
should be stored and collected separately from the hazardous waste.
It is proposed that the individual Industrial units may consider stocking/ piling such waste
separately within their premises. Arrangements/ contracts may be considered with
authorized industrial waste collector which would collect such waste on an appropriate
frequency depending upon the quantities of waste production.
viii. Biological Environment
The emissions during the operation phase will be restricted within the proposed
project site. Development of adequate green belt at and around the project site
will help in reducing the impacts on the flora and fauna as the plant species will
act as air and noise pollution sink.
Thus, the impact on the terrestrial ecology of the area would be minimum during
the operational phase of the project
ix. Socio Economic Environment
a) Positive Impacts
Improved Medical Services at Healthcare facilities
In the proposed project newly improved medical facilities will be installed there by providing
advanced treatment options for the patients.
b) Negative Impacts
OHS Risks to Health care workers
Community Health Risk to Improper waste management
Ensure proper waste management practices as recommended in the study on
improvement of healthcare waste management facilities.
Ensure proper management of waste by engaging a Consultant to come up with
measures and guidelines in accordance with the healthcare waste management
plan.
x. Energy Conservation
Energy conservation is split into three stages of
o Predesigned,
o design and
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o Post design.
Industry is an energy intensive activity. Industrial sector is the largest consumer of
electricity on an average industries consume around 41.7% of the total power output
followed by the domestic (27.4%) and agricultural (2.5%) sectors. This large energy demand
has significant environmental impacts, particularly where energy is still largely derived from
fossil fuels, including increased air pollution (particulates, oxides of sulphur [SOX], and
oxides of nitrogen NOX), increased greenhouse gas (GHG) production, increased water
demand and other solid wastes.
While acknowledging these problems, the large energy requirements of the industrial
sector also provide us with an opportunity to reduce the overall environmental costs of
energy production across the state. By increasing overall energy efficiency and use of
renewable energy and incorporating green building and green transportation technologies,
it can be a model for energy-smart industrial development for the State and India as a
whole.
a) Optimize Energy Performance
Generally in all industrial and commercial projects, the load from heating, ventilation, and
air conditioning (HVAC) is a major load component about 40%–50% of the total load
estimate. A judicious mix of the right choice of equipment, a scheme to harness available
diversity , use of the right piping and pumping scheme, and sizing plant capacity to meet
diversified and practical requirements can be beneficial in terms of initial investment and
operations and maintenance expenditures. This will relieve the total system or extra burden
for design and execution inefficiency for the life of the project.
It is to be ensured that the project’s energy-related systems are installed, and calibrated
to perform according to the industry specific requirements, basis of design and construction
documents. Benefits of commissioning include reduced energy use, lower operating costs,
fewer contractor callbacks, better building documentation, improved occupant productivity
and verification that the systems perform in accordance with the project requirements.
Qualified individuals shall be given responsibilities to lead the commissioning process.
Qualified individuals are identified as those who possess a high level of experience in the
following areas:
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
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Energy systems design, installation and operation
Commissioning planning and process management
Hands-on field experience with energy systems performance, interaction, start-up,
balancing, testing, troubleshooting, operation and maintenance procedures
Energy systems automation control knowledge.
High efficient luminaries with low energy inputs and high luminous output in offices,
commercial buildings and public utility areas and for water heating solar heaters are
suggested to be provided. It is also suggested that the optimum luminous intensity lighting
arrangements shall be done at working areas, streets, parking spaces and open areas.
b) Renewable Energy
Sustainable energy is a form of energy that can potentially be kept up well into the future
without causing harmful repercussions for future generations. A number of types of energy
can be thought of as sustainable, and many Governments promote the use of sustainable
energy and the development of new types of energy generating technology which fit within
this model. Increasing rates of energy consumption around the world have led to a
corresponding rise in concerns about where this energy comes from.
c) Selection of Sustainable Energy Type
Selection of certain type of sustainable energy type is dependent on location and site
specific conditions. Geo-thermal energy is not available at project site or in the vicinity. The
wind intensity is not sufficient enough and involves high cost and space constraints. The
intensity of solar radiation in the project site is sufficiently high with annual sunny hours
being around 2461. The average daily sunny hours in Bangalore are 6.4 hr. The photovoltaic
based solar power production can be a sustainable source of energy with quick pay back
resource. So, in context to the above feasibility it is suggested to produce and use PV
generated electrical power as a supplement option.
d) Energy conservation techniques
The Energy Conservation Technology Strategy is premised on the need for long-term
planning when it comes to technology development in the energy field, as well as durable
public-private partnerships. Various energy conservation techniques and practices are used
all over the world to efficiently use and conserve the energy.
ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
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The Energy conservation techniques in industries and domestic use can be achieved by
reduction of Auxiliary power consumption. In industries and modern residential complexes a
substantial amount of energy is used for lighting, Air conditioning, heating and using
electrical equipments. Using some simple changes in the normal practice, a substantial
reduction in the energy usage can be achieved. These energy savings can be attained in the
following field.
a) Interior Lighting:
b) Office Equipment
c) Computer & Electronic (Operational) Equipment:
d) Air Conditioning:
e) Domestic Refrigeration, Heating & Ventilation:
f) External Lighting
g) Miscellaneous Equipment:
Recommendation based on energy efficiency, water efficiency and material efficiency are
made in this report. Further detailed recommendations on the efficient usage of the
resources and
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
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5. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
5.1 GENERAL
An Environmental Monitoring Plan provides feedback about the difference between actual
environmental scenario and the impacts of the project on the environment and helps to
judge the adequacy of the mitigation measures in protecting the environment. The purpose
of environmental monitoring is to evaluate the effectiveness of implementation of
Environmental Management Plan (EMP) by periodically monitoring the important
environmental parameters within the impact area, so that any adverse effects are detected
and timely action can be taken.
5.2 OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN
The key issues associated with the life cycle of a project are the monitoring of
environmental parameters. Three types of environmental monitoring are associated with
the project, which includes
a) Baseline monitoring
b) Effects/ Impacts monitoring and
c) Compliance monitoring.
a) Baseline monitoring - Baseline monitoring deals with the measurement of
environmental variables during a pre project period to determine existing conditions,
ranges of variation and process of change;
b) Effects/impact monitoring – It involves measurements of environmental variable
during construction and operation phase of the project to assess the impact that
may have been caused by the project.
c) Compliance monitoring- It takes the form of periodic sampling and continuous
measurements of level of pollutant emissions in the air, waste discharge on land or
water, level of noise to ensure that standards are met.
The basic objective of the environment monitoring program is:
Planning a survey and sampling program for systematic data/information collection
Conducting survey and sampling program
Analysis of samples and data/information collected, and interpretation of data and
information
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
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To ensure implementation of mitigation measures during project implementation;
To provide feedback to the decision makers about the effectiveness of their actions;
Environmental monitoring is carried throughout project operation to detect changes
in the key environmental quality parameters, which can be attributed to the project.
To determine the project’s actual environmental impacts so that modifications can be
made to mitigate the impacts;
To identify the need for enforcement action before irreversible environmental
damage occurs;
To provide scientific information about the response of an ecosystem to a given set of
human activities and mitigation measures;
Preparation of reports for submitting to management and statutory authorities
The results of the monitoring program used to evaluate the following
a. Extent and severity of the environmental impacts against the predicted
impacts;
b. Performance of the environmental protection measures or compliance with
pertinent rules and regulations
c. Trends in impacts and Overall effectiveness of the project EMP
Various physical, biological and social components identified as of particular significance in
affecting the environment at critical locations in various stages of the project have been
suggested as Performance Indicators (PIs) listed below shall be the focus for monitoring.
Air quality with respect to PM10, PM2.5 and CO;
Water quality with respect to DO, BOD and Coliform count;
Noise levels around sensitive locations; and
Replantation success / survival rate.
For each of the environmental components, the monitoring plan specifies the parameters to
be monitored; location of monitoring sites; frequency and duration of monitoring. The
monitoring plan also specifies the applicable standards, implementation and supervising
responsibilities
ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
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5.3 SUGGESTED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN
The environmental monitoring plan for the proposed project has been developed in view of
the institutional, scientific and fiscal issues pertaining to the project. For developing the
monitoring plan, appropriate Value Ecosystem Components (VEC’s) which are likely to be
affected have been identified. For each component, suitable measurable environmental
indicators which are appropriate to the impact mechanism and scale of disturbance and
have a low natural variability, broad applicability and an existing data series have been
defined.
As per the guidelines of MOEF, environmental monitoring shall be required during
construction and operational phases. The schedule for monitoring ambient air quality,
ambient noise quality, ground water quality, and waste water quality both during the
construction and operation phases of the project is given in Table 5.1
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Table 5.1: Environmental Monitoring Schedule
S. No Particulars Monitoring Frequency
Duration of Sampling
Important Monitoring Parameters
1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
a
Project site Once in a 3 Months
24 hr continuously except CO
PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO
x & CO
2 Stack Monitoring
a DG Set – Stack Once in a 3 Months
30 min SO2,
NOx, SPM, CO, CO2,
Temperature, Flow rate & Velocity of the gas
3 Ambient Noise Level
a Near DG set Once in a 3 Months
8 hr continuous with 1 hr interval
Noise level in dB(A)
4 Ground/Drinking Water Quality Monitoring
a Ground Water – at project site
Once in 3 Months
Grab Sampling Parameters specified under IS:10500, 1993
5 Sewage Quality Monitoring
a ETP Inlet Once in a Week
Grab Sampling Physical, Chemical & Biological Parameters specified under IS:2490:1982 b ETP
Outlet
6 Soil Quality
a At the green belt area
Once in a year
Samples were collected from three different depths viz., 30cm, 60cm, and 100cm below the surface
Parameter for soil quality: pH, texture, electrical conductivity, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphate, sodium, calcium, potassium and
Magnesium.
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6. ADDITIONAL STUDIES
6.1 RISK ASSESSMENT
The principal objective of the risk assessment study is to identify and quantify the major
hazards and the risk associated with various operations of the proposed project, which may
lead to emergency consequences (disasters) affecting the public safety and health. Based on
this information, an emergency preparedness plan is to be prepared to mitigate the
consequences. Industrial accidents result in great personal and financial loss. Many facilities
involve various manufacturing processes that have the potential for accidents which may be
catastrophic to the plant, work force, environment, or public.
Risk analysis involves the identification and assessment of risks; the neighboring populations
are exposed to as a result of hazards present in the plant operation. This requires a
thorough knowledge of failure probability, credible accident scenario, vulnerability of
populations etc. The risk analysis is often confined to maximum credible accident studies. In
this chapter, the identification of various hazards, maximum credible accident analysis, and
consequence analysis are addressed, which gives a broad identification of risks involved.
Based on the risk assessment, disaster management plan has been presented.
The major hazardous anticipated in the proposed project are illustrated below.
Hazardous pertaining to fires in project/plant area
Fire in diesel storage areas, garbage storage areas and disposal areas
Natural disasters viz. Earthquakes, flooding, etc
Electrical accidents
Flooding from man-made causes
6.2 HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
Identification of hazards in the proposed plant is of primary significance in the analysis,
Quantification and cost effective control of accidents involving chemicals and process. A
classical definition of hazard states that hazard is in fact the characteristic of
system/plant/process that presents potential for an accident. Hence all the components of a
system/plant/process need to be thoroughly examined to assess their potential for initiating
or propagating an unplanned event/sequence of events which can be termed as an
accident.
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6.3 Hazard Assessment and Evaluation
A preliminary hazard analysis is carried out to identify the major hazards associated with
storage and the process of the plant. This is followed by consequence analysis to quantify
these hazards.
Physical and Health Occupational Hazards in any Industry can be broadly classified into the
following categories:
I. Mechanical Risks
II. Electrical Risks
III. Fire/Explosion Risks
IV. High /low Temperature Exposure Risks
V. Toxic/Carcinogenic Chemicals Exposure Risks
VI. Corrosive/Reactive/Radioactive Chemicals Exposure Risks
a) Electrical Hazards
Electrical hazards leading to fire and explosion in switchgear and other equipment mainly
due to failure of circuit breakers, insulators, fuses, and poor maintenance etc. Nevertheless,
all these hazards lead to localized accidents only.
b) Fire Hazards
There could be other areas in the plant that have a potential for fire hazard and require
adequate firefighting equipment for example, the raw material storages. These are
considered here since uncontrolled fire may trigger the above emergencies due to domino
effect.
c) Toxic release
The proposed plant will use Sulfuric acid which is corrosive and toxic. If sulfuric acid will not
handle properly it will lead to toxicity and burns. Self-contained breathing apparatus will be
available in the premises in the event of leakage in case of emergency. Employees will be
trained in handling these self-contained breathing apparatus. Since the quantity of toxic
release will be on lower side, offsite implications of release are not envisaged.
d) Hazardous Chemicals Release
There are various hazardous chemicals (toxic and flammable), which will be used as raw
material for manufacturing of Single super phosphate in the plant. Separate storage area
will be provided for these chemicals and will be handled with at most care following the
safety norms for handling of hazardous chemicals.
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Table 6.1: Preliminary Hazard Analysis for Process and Storage Areas
Sr. No. Block /Area Hazards Identified
1. Flammable chemical storage Fire, spontaneous Combustion
2. DG set Fire in cable galleries, short circuits in control
rooms and switch gears
3. Switch –yard control room
Fire in cable galleries and switchgear/control
room
4. Process reaction vessels
Fire due to accidental spill, Leakages of
flammable raw material from the equipment.
5. Power Transformer Explosion and fire
Table 6.2: Preliminary Hazard Analysis for the Whole Plant in General
PHA Category Description Plausible Hazard Provision
Environmental
Factors
If there is any leakage and
eventually of source of
ignition
All electrical fitting and
cables are provided as per
the specific standards.
Highly inflammable nature of
the chemicals may cause fire
hazard in the plant
All well designed fire
protection including dry
powder, CO2 and foam
extinguisher should be
provides.
Fire extinguisher of small size
and big size are provided at
all potential fire hazard
places. In addition fire
hydrant network is also
provided to required
locations in plant.
6.4 DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN (DMP)
Disaster is an unexpected event due to sudden failure of the system, external threats,
internal disturbances, earthquakes, fire and accidents. Thus an appropriate Disaster
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Management Plan (DMP) shall be prepared in consultation with the project proponent,
architect, service consultant and maintenance staff.
a) Preventive Action
Once the likelihood of a disaster is suspected, action has to be initiated to prevent a
failure. The project in-charge, responsible for preventive action should identify sources of
repair equipment’s, materials, labor and expertise for use during emergency.
The project in-charge should notify the officer for the following information:
Exit points for the public,
Safety areas
Nearest medical facilities.
b) Communication System
An efficient communication system is absolutely essential for the success of any disaster
management plan. This has to be worked out in consultation with local authorities
involving police and fire department, hospital department considering the following
points
Identify the relevant officials and institutions to be involved for the first,
second and third level of information;
Preparation of the telephone directory of these officials and making available
to all concerned;
Allotment of toll free number to a central communication centre.
Provide wireless communication tools to safety and security and
communication officers;
Empowering central communication centre with latest communication
equipment and tools.
c) Emergency Action Committee
To ensure coordinated action, an Emergency Action Committee shall be constituted. An
Emergency evacuation plan based on local needs and facilities available shall be
prepared. The broad content of plan shall include following:
Demarcation of the areas to be evacuated with priorities,
Safe area and shelters,
Security of property left behind in the evacuated areas,
ADDITIONAL STUDIES
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Functions and responsibilities of various members, and
Setting up of joint control action.
An elaborate firefighting arrangement is designed for the proposed project as
per the requirement of National Building Code Part-IV, which is detailed
below.
Emergencies can occur at any time usually without warning. When an emergency occurs,
the safety and prompt recovery of the College community depends on the preparedness
and careful response of our employees, students, patients, and visitors. The information
listed below provides basic emergency information to help individuals respond thoughtfully
in an emergency event.
6.5 HAZARDOUS CONTROL MEASURES
a) Fires
To increase the level of safety in compost yard and buildings, installation of smoke alarms or
automatic fire detection /alarm systems will be proposed at strategic locations as an early
warning of fire to the occupants. To prevent fire mishaps and to manage the emergency
situation during fire in the proposed project the following activities and precautions are
proposed.
• Emergency evacuation plan is important for all projects, and the same will be prepared
as per Fire & Safety rules.
• Regular mock drills will be carried out to create awareness on procedures to be
followed in times of emergency situation/evacuation
• It will be advised to keep oxygen cylinders, medical kits and masks to prevent smoke
inhalation especially for those with respiratory disorders for whom smoke inhalation
can be very dangerous.
• Plant manager will be advised to ensure that the firefighting equipment’s are in good
working conditions.
• The plant will be provided with sufficient firefighting gadgets (water, soil,
cylinders, etc)
Simple steps to be followed during emergency are as follows.
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Call the fire rescue department: During fire in plant, leave the premises by nearest available
exit. Call fire department and do not assume anyone else has called the fire department. If
your cloth catches fire, do not get panic or run, stop, drop and roll.
Cover your nose and mouth with a wet clean cloth: Stay calm cover your nose and mouth
with a wet, clean cloth to prevent smoke inhalation injury and choking. Never jump off or
attempt to climb down the side of tall structures as it will mean certain death.
Do not run: During a fire, smoke containing poisonous gases such as CO tends to rise up.
When you run in a smoke filled room, you tend to inhale the smoke faster. CO dulls the
senses and prevents clear thinking, leading to panic. To prevent being asphyxiated, dip
tissues or cloth in water and cover your noise with it.
Head-count of the occupants: During an emergency, make good use of the evacuation
procedure and help each other to reach out of plant/building safely. Ensure nobody is left
behind by doing a head-count of occupants. Visitors should read and understand the
evacuation plan before going into the plant/building area and ensure their safety.
b) Natural Disasters
Disasters occur without notice. Most disasters are natural such as earthquake, floods,
hurricanes, sandstorms, landslides, tsunamis and volcanoes. We have no way of stopping
them, but we can learn to deal with the difficult situations that arise due to them. During
disasters like floods, fire, earth quake, landslides, rescue beings at site. Even before external
help arrives, people affected by the disasters help each other.
The government and many voluntary organizations send teams of workers trained in rescue
operations to disaster-affected areas. These teams join hands with the local community
helpers such as doctors, nurses, social workers and policemen.
Temporary shelters are built for displaced people. Doctors and nurses provide medical aid.
They treat the wounded and work to control epidemics. Social workers collect food and
cloth from all over the country for the disaster-affected people. The police maintain law and
order. Media –persons help in spreading news about the victims and their conditions. They
also post advertisements that urge people to donate for victims.
In extreme conditions, the army and Air force organize rescue operations. They clear roads,
send medical teams and help to move people to safer places. The air force drops food,
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water and clothes in the affected areas. Organization like UN helps in providing aid during
massive disasters.
Individually, people from all over the world also come forward to help during a disaster.
They donate blood while many donate money. Some even reach the disaster affected places
to give an extra hand in the rescue operation. Families adopt children who have lost their
parents and thus give them a new home.
What you can do in case disaster strikes are given below
If there is a tornado, take shelter in a place without windows.
In an earthquake, remember to crouch under some heavy furniture or stand under
the doorframe for cover.
In case of a fire in the building, leave the building by nearby exit
If the site is flooded, then climb up to the roof.
Do not use the telephone, except to call for help, so as to leave telephone lines free
for the organization of response
Listen to the messages broadcast by radio and the various media so as to be
informed of development
Carry out the official instructions given over the radio or by loudspeaker
Keep a emergency kit ready. In all the different types of emergency, it is better to be
prepared than to get ready, to get information so as to get organized, to wait rather
that act too hastily
During floods turn off electricity to reduce the risk of electrocution
As soon as flood begins, take vulnerable people (old, children, sick, etc) to upper
floor
Beware of water contamination, wait until the water is declared safe before drinking
or boil the water before drinking
Clean and disinfect the room that is flooded
During storms and hurricanes do not go out in a car or a boat once the storm has
been announced
If caught outside in a storm, take refuge as quickly as possible in shelter (never under
a tree), if there is no shelter, lie down flat in a ditch.
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In a thunderstorm keep away from doors, windows, and electrical conductors,
unplug electrical appliances and aerials. Do not use any electrical appliances or the
telephone
During earthquake keep calm, do not get panic, People who are indoors should stay
there but move to the central part of the building, people who are outside should
stay there, keeping away from buildings to avoid collapsing walls and away from
electrical cables. Anyone in a vehicle should park it, keeping away from bridges and
buildings
During spread of clouds of toxic fumes, close doors and windows, seal any cracks or
gaps around windows and doors with adhesive tape. Organize a reserve of water (by
filling wash basins, baths, etc. Turn off ventilators and air conditioners.
c) Electrical Accidents
Electrical hazards can cause burns, shocks, and electrocution which can lead to serious
injury and even death. When dealing with potentially serious electrical hazards, stop and
think! Instead of taking a chance and risking your personal safety, call trained professionals
to handle problems. Many times people prefer to take electrical matters into their own
hands. Other small aspects of electrical repair in a business setting may be taken care of
without needing professional service technicians. If you do decide to take matters into your
own hands, safety precautions can avoid injuries and other losses.
i. Prevention of Electrical Accidents
Flexible cords connected to appliance should be wired to confirm to the international Colour
code. Colour of the insulation on the wire is
• Brown represents live wire,
• Blue represents neutral wire and
• Green/yellow stripes represent earth wire.
What you should look for when selecting an electrical appliance are given below
a) The appliance should be suitable for operation on local electrical supply of 240 volts
AC and frequency of 50 Hz.
b) The appliance should preferably be tested and certified by a national or reputed
standards testing authority
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c) Look for certified plugs on the flexible cords connected to the appliances. If the
appliance is double insulated and has a 2-pin plug, then it should be fitted with a
suitable certified plug.
d) An essential formality when buying any appliances is a duly completed guarantee
card with the dealer's/retailer's official stamp and details of the appliance (serial
number, etc.).
Safety precautions to be taken when using electrical appliances
a) Avoid using handheld appliances when your hand and/or body is wet.
b) Do not use or leave appliances where liquid can splash onto them.
c) Flexible cords connecting the appliance and the plug should be in good condition, if
the cord is frayed, chaffed, cut or melted, have the entire cord replaced by a
competent person.
d) Check accessories such as plugs attached to appliances for cracks and burnt marks
and have them replaced. If undue overheating occurs or burnt marks appear in any
electrical appliance, have it checked
Some common causes of electrical accidents in the house
a) Faulty wiring: This usually occurs when unauthorized extension or rewiring is done
by unqualified persons. Some of the usual faults are the omission of earth wires and
the reversing of the live and neutral wires. Without an earth wire, the exposed metal
parts of appliances may deliver a lethal shock to the user when a fault develops.
b) Improper flexible cords: This can be caused by connecting the flexible cord wrongly
to the plug. In the case of appliances which have exposed metallic parts, a 2-core
instead of a 3-core flexible cord is used. When the appliance is faulty, the exposed
metal parts may become live and a fatal accident could result.
c) Faulty appliance: Attempts to repair faults in electrical appliances by people not
trained to do so can result in accidental shock.
To prevent Electrical accidents, the following points should be kept in mind:
• All electrical wiring, rewiring or extension work must be carried out by licensed
electrical contractors. On completion, the contractors should test before electricity
supply is connected.
• Repair of appliances and replacement of flexible
• Cords should be carried out only by competent persons.
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• To ensure electrical safety in the house, a current-operated Earth Leakage Circuit
Breaker (ELCB) or Residual Current Circuit Breaker (RCCB) set to operate at a very
small leakage current is recommended. (This is usually marked 100mA or 0.1A on the
label). In case of dangerous electrical leakage to earth, it should automatically cur off
the supply of electricity.
• DO NOT repair your own electrical appliances. Engage the services of a competent
technician.
• DO NOT use multi-way adaptors. Over loading can cause fire. One socket outlet is for
one appliance only.
• DO NOT carry out wiring extension by yourself. Engage a licensed wiring contractor
for the work.
• DO NOT use a two-way lighting adaptor for any extension.
• DO NOT connect any electrical appliance to lighting outlets. A lighting outlet does
not have an earth wire to prevent danger.
• ENSURE the switch is in "OFF" position before changing bulbs.
• DO NOT make joints to lengthen the lead of the electrical appliances. If the lead wire
is worn out or too short, replace it with a new wire.
• DO NOT drive nails carelessly on the wall. There may be concealed wiring.
• USE individual socket outlet for every electrical appliance.
• KEEP AWAY from danger areas such as a substation for whatsoever reasons.
• CHECK before carrying out excavation work to prevent damaging any underground
cable. The operator may receive severe electric shock or even be electrocuted.
• TAKE PRECAUTION when working in the vicinity of overhead lines to avoid any
unforeseen incident.
• DO NOT meddle with any broken overhead wire. Report the matter immediately to
the nearest electric office.
• DO NOT climb any electric pole. You may receive an electric shock or get
electrocuted.
• DO NOT throw anything onto the overhead lines.
• NEVER attempt to retrieve anything stuck to overhead lines by whatever means.
• DO NOT climb transmission line towers. No one is safe from its high voltage shock.
• DO NOT erect any structure close to transmission lines.
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• DO NOT fly kites close to overhead lines.
• TAKE PRECAUTION when working in the vicinity of overhead lines to avoid any
unforeseen incident.
• NEVER stand on a damp or wet surface when using electrical equipment.
• USE a portable electrical tool, which is properly earthed.
• DO NOT tap electrical power without a proper plug.
• DO NOT use any electrical tool which has a damaged casing, cap, switch, lead or
plug.
• BEFORE using portable electrical appliances and tools, always check for:
o Worn or defective insulation
o Loose or broken connection
o Earth wire connection
6.6 RISK AND EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS PLAN
Emergencies can occur at any time usually without warning. When an emergency occurs,
the safety and prompt recovery of the project site depends on the preparedness and careful
response of our workers, peoples and visitors. The information listed below provides basic
emergency information to help individuals respond thoughtfully in an emergency event.
a) Building Evacuation
The Department of Public Safety and Security will notify security officers, building
contractors and emergency preparedness coordinators to commence evacuation
procedures.
In the event of an emergency, all occupants are to vacate the buildings
immediately.
When notification occurs, all building occupants must evacuate from the
nearest marked exit and alert others within close proximity to do the same.
Assist mobility to impaired persons to the closest “area of rescue assistance”.
Use stairwells to exit the buildings. Do not use elevators in the event of a fire,
earthquake, or other emergencies where you could become confined inside.
Proceed outside to the nearest Emergency Assembly Point.
Provisions for individuals with disabilities.
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The landings inside of each stairwell and protected elevator lobbies are considered
safe areas for individuals with disabilities. It is routine procedure for emergency
personnel (i.e., fire department and police) to check these areas for individuals with
disabilities and/or injured persons. In the event of an evacuation, individuals with
disabilities located above or below the ground floor should be escorted to the
closest stairwell and a buddy should remain with that person until emergency
personnel arrive.
b) Training
It is a proven fact that human beings, when faced with adverse situations, tend to
react in the way for which they have trained and practiced. Therefore, it is
recommended that each area of the plan training periods in which the previously
listed procedures may be practiced. Emergency preparedness coordinator should
have regular meetings with people in their building to be certain everyone knows
what to do and what to expect, as much as possible. These meetings should be held
often enough to keep everyone properly informed.
The Project proponent will conduct mandatory Emergency Preparedness Training
sessions annually, in person or web-based. The training will be conducted through a
collaboration of the Office of the Associate Vice President for Administration,
Campus Operations, and Campus Safety and Security. Any change in building
contractors or emergency preparedness coordinators should be immediately
reported to both the Environmental management Cell and the Environmental Safety
Officer.
6.7 EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS TRAINING
It is a proven fact that human beings, when faced with adverse situations, tend to react in
the way for which they have trained and practiced. Therefore, it is recommended that each
area the training periods in which the previously listed procedures may be practiced. Each
building contact and emergency preparedness coordinator should have regular meetings
with people in their building to be certain everyone knows what to do and what to expect,
as much as possible. These meetings should be held often enough to keep everyone
properly informed. Training sessions should be coordinated through the Environmental
Management Cell.
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Meetings and training sessions should be documented by the building contractors.
Documentation should include the attendee’s name, position with the date of training,
location training was held, and any other specific information in regards to what was
covered in the session. These records should be forwarded to the compliance Officer and to
Human Resources for inclusion in the employee’s personnel file.
There will be mandatory Emergency Preparedness Training sessions annually, in person or
web-based. The training will be conducted through a collaboration of the Office of the
Associate Vice President for Administration, Campus Operations, and Campus Safety and
Security. Any change in building contacts or emergency preparedness coordinators should
be immediately reported to both the Environmental management Cell and the
Environmental Safety Officer.
a) Training on Fire Fighting
An intensive Fire Fighting Program is regularly conducted once in a month. A one day
training program for Occupants and maintenance staffs will be conducted regularly once in a
month by the Fire department staffs. The training program includes Lecture Classes, wet
mock drill and First aid etc. Practical demonstrations on use of first aid fire extinguishers
followed by the wet mock drill with our hydrant system also form part of the program.
b) Equipment Checks
All firefighting equipment like valves, fire hydrants, pumps, monitors, etc., will be checked
weekly to detect defective parts and such parts would be immediately replaced.
c) Mock Drills
Mock drills will be conducted for training the persons and to check the performance of
persons and equipment’s and also to keep them fit for any emergency.
To extract persons from the debris of collapsed buildings / structure and save human
lives.
To cut off supplies of water, gas electricity to damaged buildings.
To take immediate steps as may be necessary for the temporary supports or demolition of
buildings and structures, the collapses of which is likely to endanger life.
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6.8 FIRST AID AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
Burns are caused by dry heat such as fire, electricity, strong acids and alkalies.
Table 6.3: First Aid for Burns
Burns Covering Small Area Burn Covering Extensive Area
ii. Allow cold tap water to run gently over
the area or immerse in cold water.
iii. It may be necessary to cover with gauze
or a clean handkerchief, and bandage
i. Allow person to lie down.
ii. Cover burned areas with sterile
dressing or clean cloth and lightly
bandage.
iii. If clothing is adhering, do not
disturb; leave the clothing alone.
iv. Keep person warm. If person is
not nauseated, he may have sips
of water.
v. Arrange for immediate medical
care. (Call 108 for ambulance.)
Note: Do not user ointments, greases, pastes or powder on burned area. Do not
prick the blisters caused by burns.
Tetanus Immunisation : Protection against tetanus should be considered
whenever the skin is broken by injuries
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7. PROJECT BENEFITS
7.1 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROPOSED PROJECT
Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board (KIADB) is a wholly owned infrastructure
agency of Government of Karnataka, set up under Karnataka Industrial Areas Development
Act of 1966.KIADB has so far developed 141 industrial areas in 28 districts of the State. This
Land is acquired by Karnataka Industrial areas Development Board (KIADB) as per the
following policies and acts
a) Karnataka Export Promotion Policy
b) Karnataka Industrial Policy 2009-14
c) The Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Act, 1966.
The district has 81268 hectares of forests, which constitutes (13.88%) of the total
geographical area of the district (585431 ha). The fallow land in the district is around 39426
ha. Net area sown during the year is 2005-06 was around 318211 ha. And 8163 hectares of
land was sown more than once. The Dobaspet area is probably the industrialized area in the
State of Karnataka and the proposed plot area 341.65 ha (844.23 Acres) is spread in the
Villages of Yedehalli, Chandana Hosahalli, Honnenahalli, Kengal Kempohalli, Avverahalli,
K.G.Srinivasapura, Billanakote, Nelamangala Taluk, Bangalore Rural District. The land is
vacant and it contains bushes and shrubs.
According to many commentators, Karnataka could unleash its full potentials, provided it
improves the infrastructure facilities, which are at present not sufficient to meet the
growing demand of the economy and population. Therefore, infrastructure developments
such as construction of “Industrial Area Projects” are needed for a State like Karanataka.
7.2 IMPACT ON PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE
The proposed industrial area will include following infrastructure facilities:
Industrial Plots STP
Approach roads Power Sub-Stations
Internal roads with storm water drains Solid Waste Incinerator
Power supply and street lighting Rain Water Harvesting System
Water supply network Public utilities
Parking/Buffer zone area. Green Belt Development
Housing Complex Commercial Complex
Due to the proposed project the following physical infrastructure improvements takes place:
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1. The objective of the project is to develop Industries. During the operation phase of
the project, there will be rigorous movement of vehicles hence road improvement
will take place. However, the roads adjacent to the project site are in good
condition.
2. Residential improvements such as development of apartments, villas and individual
houses etc., will take place.
3. Water supply and sewerage lines connections will be improved.
Considering the above points, it can be concluded that the proposed project site is best
suited for the commercial activity.
7.3 IMPACT ON SOCIO – ECONOMIC FACTORS
The impacts on the socio – economic developments due to the proposed project is as
follows:
1. Due to the development of Industries, population from different states will migrate
towards the proposed project area. Due to this near to project site land value and
the house rent increases. Subsequently, economics status of the surrounding people
increases.
2. Employment opportunities for Engineers, Labours, security guards, housekeepers
etc., will be created due to the development of Industries Area.
7.4 EMPLOYMENT POTENTIAL
1. Due to creation of new industries more workers and man power have joined this
places leading to a substantial increase in the population.
2. The project will generate direct and indirect employment opportunities for the local
people. The plant will create additional employment during construction &
operational phase. Additionally, certain works like security will be outsourced on
contract.
3. The secondary employment in the form of providing services to the employed
manpower will also be developed in the neighboring villages.
• Raw materials can be sourced locally. Hence the cost for procurement is less
• Increase in Market & Business Establishment facilities
• The State Government will benefit through revenue recovery from excise
duty.
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8. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGAEMENT PLAN
8.1 INTRODUCTION
The EMP need to be integrated in overall project planning process covering all phases of
project cycles i.e, location, design, construction and operation. Management by provision of
necessary safeguard in planning of the project itself can lead to reduction of adverse
environmental impacts due to project. This chapter spells out the set of measures to be
undertaken during project construction and operation to reduce or mitigate or bring down
the adverse environmental impacts to acceptable level based on the proposed
Environmental Management Plan.
The most reliable way to ensure that the plan will be integrated into the overall project
planning and implementation is to include the plan as an integral component of the project.
This will ensure that it receives funding and supervision along with other investment
components. For optimal integration of EMP into the project, there should be link for:
Funding;
Management, Training and
Monitoring
The purpose of the first link is to ensure that proposed actions are adequately financed. The
second link helps in embedding training, technical assistance, staffing and other institutional
strengthening items in the mitigation measures to implement the overall management plan.
The third provides a critical path for implementation and enables sponsors and the funding
agency to evaluate the success of mitigation measures, as part of project supervision and as
a means to improve future projects. For every use discussed in the above sections, the
implementing agency as well as staffing, equipment, phasing and budgeting have been
presented as far as possible. All required funds will be channelled through the project
authority.
Environmental Management Plan (EMP) will be established to monitor and to ensure the
proper functioning of the Proposed Project. The EMS will include the following:
Environmental Management Cell
Personnel Training on Environmental Awareness Program and Safety Issues
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8.2 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT CELL
An organizational setup to be formed to ensure effective implementation of the mitigation
measures to minimize the impacts due to the activities carried out during Construction and
Operation phase of the Proposed Project and to execute the Environmental Monitoring
Plan.
The responsibilities of the Environmental Management Cell is given below
To implement the Mitigation measures
To assure regulatory compliance with all relevant rules and regulations
To ensure regular operation and maintenance of pollution control measures
To initiate environmental monitoring as per approved schedule
Maintain documentation of good environmental practices and applicable
environmental laws as ready reference
Coordination with regulatory agencies, external consultants, monitoring
laboratories.
Conducting Environmental Awareness Program for the patients and employees on
Safety issues, Water management, and Energy conservation.
The organizational set up of the Environmental Management Cell is shown in Figure8.1.
Figure 8.1: Environmental Management Cell
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The responsibilities of the Environmental Management Cell are as follows;
To implement the Mitigation measures;
To assure regulatory compliance with all relevant rules and regulations;
To ensure regular operation and maintenance of pollution control measures;
To initiate environmental monitoring as per approved schedule;
Maintain documentation of good environmental practices and applicable
environmental laws as ready reference;
Coordination with regulatory agencies, external consultants, monitoring
laboratories; Conducting Environmental Awareness Program for the employees on
Safety issues, Water management, and Energy conservation.
All developmental activities will bring some impacts associated with its origin, which can be
broadly classified as reversible, irreversible, long and short-term impacts. In this section an
endeavor has been made to identify various Environmental Impacts associated with the
proposed project both during construction and operational phase.
Based on the possible worst case emissions and waste generation from the proposed
project and also taking into consideration the baseline Environmental status at the
proposed project site, the environmental factors that may likely be affected (Impacts) are
assessed. Both instrumental (positive) and detrimental (negative) impacts are accounted for
this purpose. The prediction of impacts helps in the preparing a sound Environmental
Management Plan which has to be executed during operational and construction phase to
minimize the adverse impacts on the environmental quality.
The potential impacts on the environment from the proposed project are identified based
on the nature of the various activities associated not only with the project implementation
and operation, but also on the current status of the environmental quality at the project
site.
All the potentially significant environmental impacts from the project are grouped as below.
i. Air Environment
Impacts on ambient air quality
Impacts on ambient odour
Impacts on ambient noise
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ii. Water Environment
Impacts on surface water quality
Impacts on ground water
iii. Land Environment
Impacts on land use
Impacts on agriculture
iv. Socio Economics
Impacts on infrastructure
Impacts on employment
v. Indirect Impacts
Impacts on public health and safety
Impacts on cultural resources
Impacts on aesthetics
To study the existing status of the ambient air quality in the project area and its
surroundings few samples of air, water and soil will be collected and analyzed for important
parameters. Similarly noise levels will also be measured at some important locations.
8.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE
i. Water and Wastewater Management
The environmental impacts during the construction phase are limited to construction phase
only. Water demand required for construction activity is 160 KLD and for construction labors
is 90 KLD (2000 Nos * 45 LPCD) and the same will be met through KIADB treated water
tankers.
Proper sanitation facilities will be provided to the construction workers. 100 toilets and 100
bathrooms will be provided for 500 labors.
81 KLD of sewage generated will be treated in Mobile STP. After treatment, treated
wastewater will be led into the existing line. Hence no unsanitary conditions will be created.
ii. Solid Waste Management
About 300 Kgs/day of solid waste will be generated from the labour campus and the same
will be handed over to the KIADB trucks.
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iii. Construction Debris Management
The debris will be generated due to the construction activity and the same will be used for
backfilling and for sub-base works of roads and pavements within the project site.
iv. Environmental Impacts due to Construction Activity and their Management
Measures
Environmental impacts due to the construction activity are:
Removal of topsoil due to excavation will lead to high water requirement for future
landscape purposes and will prevent the growth of native plant species.
Change in topography of the area will mean change in drainage patterns of the area.
Reduced ground water recharge due to increase of hard surfaces.
Construction activities create dust/air pollution
Heavy machinery used generates noise pollution
Urbanized areas lead to a temperature rise of 1-2o C due to higher absorptive
surfaces.
Implementing some site control measure during construction will reduce the environmental
impacts and reduce the nuisance levels to the surrounding areas from the construction site.
v. Measures to control site impacts
a) Site Clearance
Site clearing process will be phased to only areas that need excavation initially; this
will reduce the dust emission from currently unused areas.
Unused area will be vegetated by growing temporary groundcover plants or flower
beds.
b) Construction of Access Roads
Collaboration with municipal authorities for temporary/permanent road widening to
cater to the additional truck traffic and future traffic
Truck movement will be avoided during the morning and evening rush hours i.e.
before 10.00am and after 5.00pm.
Frequent water sprinkling will be done to reduce local dust emissions.
c) Noise Barriers
Sensitive neighboring sites will be identified and barriers will be erected to safeguard
those sides from impacts
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Noise protective equipment will be provided to the operator of the machine
Silencer/dampers will be attached to the equipment to reduce noise from the
equipment to surrounding areas.
Noise prone activities will be restricted during night time
d) Excavation
Excavation will be carried out in such a manner that it will not reduce slope stability
The top soil will be used for landscaping and leveling activities on site.
On windy days excavation activities will be avoided to reduce dust emissions
Excavated soil will be prevented from spilling out of the site boundaries on to
adjoining roads and properties.
e) Dust Emission during Construction
Site will be watered at least twice a day to reduce the dust emissions
Tree plantation program will be carried out along the approach roads and the
construction.
f) Drainage
Drainage system will be provided for the site to avoid water runoff on to the
surrounding properties and roads, especially during the monsoon months.
If during excavation, water accumulates in the excavated areas, it will be pumped
out and disposed off either in the municipal storm water drain or into recharge soak
pits of dry bore wells.
g) Maintenance of Vehicles
Construction vehicles will be properly maintained to minimize smoke in the exhaust
emissions
h) Material Loading and Unloading
All trucks hauling dirt, sand, soil or other loose material will be covered two feet free
board will be maintained.
Load and unload of trucks will be carried out on site.
i) Surrounding Areas
Adjacent roads of the site will be swept at least once a day that get soiled due to the
frequent movement of trucks to and fro from the site.
All outdoor lighting, will be designed, installed and operated to ensure that all direct
rays from project lighting are contained within construction site.
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j) Solid/Hazardous Waste Disposal
The hazardous materials used during construction phase may include petrol, diesel, welding
gas and paints. These materials will be stored and handled according to the KSPCB
guidelines.
Diesel and other fuels will be stored in separate enclosures.
Wherever possible, hazardous raw materials will be substituted by non-hazardous
materials for example cleaning solvent will be replaced with film – free
biodegradable cleaners. Usage of non chlorinated strippers instead of strippers
containing methylene chloride and substitution of water based paint for oil based
ones.
Vehicle maintenance area will be designed to prevent contamination of ground
water by accidental spillage of oil.
8.4 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN DURING OPERATIONAL PHASE
There are no negative impacts due to the proposed project on the environmental
parameters such as air, noise, land and water.
i. Air Quality Management
Major pollutants envisaged from the proposed project will be from the Industries and
vehicles movement. The major pollutants will be oxides of nitrogen, particulates and
sulphur-dioxide. The following methods of abatement will be employed for the air pollution
control board source level.
Use advance and proper methods to control and reduce air pollution from industries
Green belt development with specific species will reduce SPM levels
Use of clean fuel by the vehicles will reduce emission of pollutants
The emission from the slacks of Industries will be monitored for exit concentration of
Oxides of nitrogen and sulphurdioxide
Sampling ports will be provided in the slacks according to KSPCB guidelines.
ii. Noise Level Management
Some of the practices proposed for noise attenuation are as follows.
All noise generating source from the industries and DG Set for residential and
commercial will be equipped with appropriate noise control measures.
Sound levels will be consistent with local government regulations
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Ambient noise levels will be periodically monitored to determine compliance with
the norms.
Noise levels will also be monitored at point source for occupational noise exposure
and ensuring health risk.
iii. Water Demand and Supply
Two separate pipelines for the cold water supply for domestic purpose and treated water
supply for flushing purpose will be laid.
Sewage and domestic wastewater from soil pipes and sullage pipes will be led into the
sewage treatment plant. From the sewage treatment plant, water flows into the treated
water sump. From the treated water sump, a separate line will be laid which connects to the
WC and to the sprinklers.
During the operational phase, the water demand is 11.5 MLD will be Drawn from Hemavathi
River. The Water Noc is obtained from the KIADB.
iv. Wastewater Management
The estimated Sewage generations during operation phase 1.28 MLD and Trade Effluent
from industries is 4.8 MLD.
v. Sewage Treatment Plants
Quantity of sewage generated during the construction phase will be 81 KLD. Sewage during
construction phase will be Septic Tank.
During operation phase sewage generated will be treated in the Sewage Treatment Plant
(STP) planned in 4.7 Ac provided for STP. The estimated Sewage generations during
operation phase, 2.16 MLD. The treated water shall be reused in toilet flushing, gardening
etc. and the wastewater generated from the industries is 7 MLD, which is treated in their
respective Effluent Treatment Plants (ETP) on the bases of advance and zero discharge
concept. The treated water is reuse for industries like cooling, heat exchangers, boilers,
cleaning equipment’s etcadvance and zero discharge concept. The treated water is reuse for
industries like cooling, heat exchangers, boilers, cleaning equipment’s etc.
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vi. Solid Waste Management and Hazardous Waste Management
Project proponent will establish and maintain storage facilities in such a manner as they do
not create unhygienic and unsanitary conditions around it. Following criteria shall be taken
into account while establishing and maintaining storage facilities, namely
Storage facilities, to be set up by project proponent authorities or any other agency,
shall be so designed that wastes stored are not exposed to open atmosphere and
shall be aesthetically acceptable and user-friendly;
Storage facilities or ‘bins’ shall have ‘easy to operate’ design for handling, transfer
and transportation of waste. Bins for storage of bio-degradable wastes shall be
painted green, those for storage of recyclable wastes shall be printed white and
those for storage of other wastes shall be printed black;
Manual handling of waste shall be prohibited. If unavoidable due to constraints,
manual handling shall be carried out under proper precaution with due care for
safety of workers.
vii. Traffic Management Measures
Vehicle movement will be regulated inside the site with adequate roads and parking lots.
The layout plan of the proposed site has been planned to develop an internal road network
in such a manner that it integrates the whole proposed project in an interesting composition
to built masses and open spaces with a pedestrian dominated movement pattern. Entry
point to the proposed project site has been worked out keeping in view of the desired
movement of vehicles on the main approach road and road network around the site. Main
entry to the project is planned from the approach road on the northern and eastern side. An
adequately wide driveway to cater to one-way traffic has been planned inside the project
site.
viii. Fire Safety Measures:
Firefighting system to the proposed building is designed based on the recommendations of
NBC 2005. Following safety measures are envisaged.
Automatic detection and Alarm System
Manually Operated Electric Fire Alarm System
Automatic Sprinkler System
External Yard Hydrant
Wet Riser/ Hydrant
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Fire Extinguisher
Hose Reel
ix. Human Health and Safety Management Plan
The objective is to ensure that the health and safety of on – site personnel is proactively
managed during the construction stage of the project. Below given are the proposed project
related human health and safety environmental concerns and its management.
The primary concern on potential health risks for the construction workers and other
employees on site during construction are associated with drinking water quality.
The project would ensure safe potable water supply to the workers on site.
Construction site will be provided with a readily available first aid kit including an
adequate supply of sterilized dressing materials and appliances. Suitable transport to
take injured or sick person to the nearest hospital will be immediately provided.
The project will ensure the safe working of all workers. Workers will be provided
with safety gadgets and enforce to wear it during the construction work. This will
include protective foot wear, helmets and gloves to all workers employed for the
work on mixing, engaged in welding works; earplugs to workers exposed to loud
noise; safety belt to the labors working at higher platforms and face masks to avoid
dust.
The project will strictly follow the statutory child labor act. The project will also
ensure that no paint containing lead or lead products is used except in the form of
paste or readymade paint. Facemasks will be provided for use to the workers when
paint is applied in the form of spray. Adequate safety measures will be ensured for
workers during handling of materials at site.
The project will comply with all regulation regarding safe scaffolding, ladders,
working platforms, gangway, stairwells, excavations and safe means of entry and
exit.
The project will take adequate precautions to prevent danger from electrical
equipment’s. No material will be so stacked or placed to cause danger or
inconvenience to any person or the public.
All machines to be used in the construction will conform to the relevant Indian
Standard Code, it will be free from patent defect and will be kept in good working
condition, will be regularly inspected and properly maintained as per IS provision
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To maintain hygienic conditions in the site during construction phase, suitable toilet
facilities will be provided for workers separately. Also sewage generated during
construction phase will be treated in septic tank and soak pit to avoid impact on
ground water.
Work spots will be maintained clean and provided with optimum lighting.
x. Energy Saving Measures
Power savings methods are adopted as per energy conservation:
Use of loss transformers – total losses will be 1.19% of the rating of the transformers
Temperature sensors with visible temperature indicators in the switch boards
Check metering at various locations to check the power consumption and power loss
if any.
Suitable rating and size cables selection to limit the total power distribution losses
less than 1%
Solar water heater for pre – heating water required for bathing and cooking.
Use of high efficiency hybrid chillers (water and air cooled) and variable speed
drivers.
xi. DEVELOPMENT OF GREEN BELT
Green belt is plantation of trees for reducing the pollution as they absorb both gaseous and
particulate pollutant, thus removing them from atmosphere. Green plants form a surface
capable of absorbing air pollutants and forming sinks for pollutants. It balances the
ecological environment, prevents soil erosion, improves the aesthetic value of local
environment and provides possible habitats for birds and animals, thus creating hospitable
nature in urban areas. Greenbelts in and around urban areas have probably not saved any
lives, but they are important nonetheless to the ecological health of any given region. The
various plants and trees in greenbelts serve as organic sponges for various forms of
pollution, and as storehouses of carbon dioxide to help offset global warming.
a) Horticulture
While making choice of plant species for cultivation in green belts, weightage has to be
given to the natural factor of bio-climate. It is also presumed that the selected plants will be
grown as per normal horticultural practice.
A standard horticultural practice involves planting of saplings in proper dimensions for
smaller trees and shrubs. The pits are then filled with earth, sand, silt and manure in pre-
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGAEMENT PLAN
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determined proportions. The growing plants are cared for the first three years under
favorable conditions of climate and drainage. Hence it is safe to assume that trees and
bushes grown as green belt components in areas under human control will have overcome
the limitations imposed by soil characters to a great extent. Limitations imposed by climatic
conditions on the other hand cannot be overcome and hence will have to be taken into
account while selecting species for plantation in different bio-climatic conditions.
b) Plantation along Roadsides
Automobiles may be considered as ground level, mobile sources of pollution of both types-
gaseous as well as particulate. Components of green belts on road sides hence should be
both absorbers of gases as well as of dust particles, including even lead particulates. Choice
of plants for roadside plantations may be for containment of pollution and for formation of a
screen between traffic and roadside residences. This choice of plants should include shrubs
of height 1- 1.5 m and tree of 3-5 m height. The intermixing of trees and shrubs should be
such that the foliage area density in vertical is almost uniform. Since safety of traffic is a
major consideration, shrubs in roads will have to be short enough to be below the eye level
of motorists.
c) Plants for Green Belt Development
All tolerant plants are not necessarily good for green belts e.g. Xerophytes with sunken
stomata can withstand pollution by avoidance but are poor absorbers of pollutants due to
low gaseous exchange capacity. Therefore selection of plants is very important in green belt
development for effective removal of suspended particulate matter and for absorption of
gases. The Landscape Diagram of the proposed project will be planned after the allotments
of industries.
8.5 BUDGETARY PROVISION
Environmental monitoring and other mitigation measures as proposed in the above sections
shall be implemented by the Project Proponent during the construction and operation
period. The operational cost comes to around 38.5 Lakhs. The detailed budget provisions are
presented in Table 8.1.
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Table 8.1: EMP &Environmental Management Cost
S.
No. Description of Item
Capital Cost(in Lakhs)
Operational Cost in
lakhs per annum
1 Construction of STP 120 10
2 Air Quality mitigation measure 20 1.5
3 Greenbelt Development 30 2
4 Energy Conservation measures 20 3
5 Solid Waste Management 15 3
6 Water conservation measures 100 3
7 Environmental monitoring --- 15
Total 305 38.5
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9. ADDITIONAL CORPORATE ENVIRONMENTAL RESPONSIBILITY
9.1 INTRODUCTION
Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board (KIADB) is a wholly owned infrastructure
agency of Government of Karnataka, set up under Karnataka Industrial Areas Development
Act of 1966.
This Board functions as per statutory provisions, rules and regulations enacted there under.
The Board comprises of senior government officers in their ex-officio capacities. The Board
of members meet regularly to take decisions and monitor the functions. KIADB holds pride
in being the first government organisation in Karnataka to obtain ISO 9001 certification in
the year 1997.
Now the KIADB is following ISO 9001:2000 module covering its functions of Land
Acquisition, Development and Allotment functions in Bangalore Urban and Rural districts.
Figure 9.1: Organisation Chart
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9.2 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:
Promote rapid and orderly development of industries in the state.
Assist in implementation of policies of Government within the purview of KIAD Act.
Facilitate in establishing infrastructure projects.
Function on “No Profit – No Loss” basis.
9.3 FUNCTIONS:
Acquire land and form industrial areas in the state.
Provide basic infrastructure in the industrial areas.
Acquire land for Single Unit Complexes.
Acquire land for Government agencies for their schemes and infrastructure project
9.4 KIADB - As a Premier Industrial Area Developer
KIADB has also acquired lands to cater the specific needs of individual industrial units (Single
Unit Complexes). The Board also acquires land for infrastructure projects of the
Government. We promote projects of public importance in joint venture with organizations
of international repute.
The vision of KIADB and world class infrastructure has made investors all over the world
take notice of Karnataka as the premier destination for their startups and ventures.
Till date, KIADB has formed 132 industrial areas spread all over the State, and acquired land
for nearly 400 Single Unit Complexes ensuring balanced industrial development in all
regions with well thought of infrastructures and unique features.
KIADB has formed industrial areas in all the districts of the State. So far it has formed
132 small and big industrial areas spread over the State covering about 40,000 acres.
KIADB has also provided land to about 400 standalone major industries (Single Unit
Complexes).
This apart, KIADB has envisaged several innovative projects like Agro -Tech Parks, Apparel
Parks, Food Parks, Auto Parks, Hardware Park, Bio-Tech Park, EPIPs, Sector Specific SEZs,
Growth Centers etc.
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KIADB has so far developed 132 industrial areas in 28 districts of the State. A typical
industrial area developed by the Board will have following infrastructure facilities:
Approach roads and internal roads with storm water drains
Power supply and street lighting
Water supply
CETP/STP
Technical Training Centers and R&D centers
Common Facilities Centers to accommodate Banks, Post Offices, Telephone
Exchanges, Dispensaries and Canteens, among others
Power Sub-Stations
Hotels & Hospitals
Housing tenements to provide housing facility to the labour force working in the
industrial units.
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10. SUMMARY & CONCLUSION
10.1 INTRODUCTION
Karnataka Industrial Areas Development Board (KIADB) has proposed to develop 844.23
acres plot area of Avverahalli Industrial Area at Dobaspet 4th Phase In the villages
Yedehalli, Chandana Hosahalli, Honnenahalli, Kengal Kempohalli, Avverahalli,
K.G.Srinivasapura, Billanakote, Nelamangala Taluk, Bangalore Rural District, Karnataka.
10.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING OF THE SITE
The proposed site of highlights and salient features is given below in Table 10.1.
Table 10.1: Site Salient Features
Selection criteria Details
Elevation above Mean Sea Level 900 m
Climatic Conditions Max. Temp. 34.0o C
Min. Temp. 15.0o C
Average Rainfall: 859.6 mm
Land availability 360.57 Hectares (891.25 Acres)
Nearest Highway 341.65Hectares (844.23 Acres)
Nearest Railway station NH 4 adjacent to Eastern side, SH 3 adjacent to Western side
Nearest airport Dobaspet -1.3 Km (N)
Nearest Town / City Bangalore Airport- 44.0 Km (E)
Topography Nelamangala – 15.0 Km
Bengaluru – 35.0 Km
Archaeologically important places Plain
National parks/ Wildlife Sanctuaries Nil within 15km radius
Water Bodies/Rivers Lekkanahalli Kere
Kuluvanahalli Kere
Devara Kere
Muddalinganahalli kere
Thyamagondluamami kere
Tavare kere
1.6 Km (E)
2.4 Km (SE)
3.3 Km (W)
5.5 Km (NE)
4.5 Km (E)
5.6 Km (E)
Reserved/ Forests Nil within 15km radius
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Seismicity The study area falls under seismic zone-II
Defense Installations Nil in 10 km radius
10.3 SITE CONNECTIVITY
The proposed site is well connected by the roads, rail & waterways and the details of the
site connectivity is shown in below Table 10.2.
Table 10.2: Details of the site connectivity
Location Dobaspet
Nearest Railway Station Dobaspet -1.3 Km
Nearest City Bus Stop Dobaspet
Major roads NH 4 and SH 3
Nearest Airport Bangalore Airport- 44 Kms
Nearest Sea Port Mangalore 340 kms
10.4 PROJECT SITE AREA
Land use breakup of the proposed is given in below Table 10.3.
Table 10.3: Land use Breakup of the proposed project
S.No Description Acres % of Land Use
1 Industries 416.65 49.35
2 Commercial 24.54 2.91
3 Amenity 19.03 2.25
4 Utility 23.89 2.83
5 Residential 43.24 5.12
6 Park 77.97 9.24
7 Buffer 183.96 9.95
8 Truck Parking 41.38 4.90
9 Road 113.57 13.45
Total Area 844.23 100
The proposed industrial area will include following infrastructure facilities:
Industrial Plots STP & CETP
Approach roads Power Sub-Stations
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Internal roads with storm water drains Solid Waste Incinerator
Power supply and street lighting Rain Water Harvesting System
Water supply network Public utilities
Parking/Buffer zone area. Green Belt Development
Commercial Residential
10.5 WATER REQUIREMENT OF THE SITE
The estimated water demand during the construction phase is 250 KLD (approx.), 90 KLD for
labors and 160 KLD for construction activities and water demand during the operation phase
is 11.5 MLD. During construction phase the water required will be sourced from tanker
supply and the water for the operation phase is drawn from Hemavathi river for project
needs. A letter to this effect and the acknowledge received from KIADB. Water Balance for
the proposed project is given in Figure 10.1.
Figure 10.1: water balance flow sheet
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10.6 WASTEWATER GENERATION
Quantity of sewage generated during the construction phase will be 81 KLD. Sewage during
construction phase will be treated in smaller size/packaged (portable type) Sewage
Treatment Plant (STP) which will be based on Submerged Aerobic Fixed Film Reactor (SAFF).
During operation phase sewage generated will be treated in the Sewage Treatment Plant
(STP) planned in 4.7 Ac provided for STP. The estimated Sewage generations during
operation phase, 2.16 MLD. The treated water shall be reused in toilet flushing, gardening
etc. and the wastewater generated from the industries is 7 MLD, which is treated in their
respective Effluent Treatment Plants (ETP) on the bases of advance and zero discharge
concept. The treated water is reuse for industries like cooling, heat exchangers, boilers,
cleaning equipment’s etc
10.7 SOLID WASTE GENERATION
The quantities of waste likely to be generated from the industrial and non-industrial phases
have been estimated on the basis of population and land use characteristics. Table 10.4
presents the estimated solid waste quantities from the proposed project.
Table 10.4: Estimated Solid Waste Quantity from Avverahalli Industrial Area
S. No
Solid Waste Bio- Degradable,
in Kg/day
Recyclable, in Kg/day
Non- biodegradable,
in Kg/day
Total waste from different phases,
in Kg/day
1. Industrial Waste
340 91 325 756
2. Municipal Waste
1,199 320 1,146 2,665
3. STP Sludge 300 300
Total Solid Waste, in Kg/day
1,839 411 1,471 3,721
10.8 POWER REQUIREMENT
The power requirement for the proposed development is 63.3 KVA and 10.6 Ac provided for
Sub Station. The source of power will be from KIADB.
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10.9 BASELINE STUDY
Baseline Environmental Studies covering a 10 km radial distance from the project site have
been conducted for a period of three months from September 2013 to December2013 to
determine the existing status of various Environmental attributes viz., climatic and
atmospheric conditions, Air, Water, Noise, Soil, Hydro geological, Land use pattern,
Ecological and Socio-Economical environment, prior to setting up of the proposed project.
This study would help to undertake corrective mitigation measures for protection of the
environment on account of any change deviation of attributes due to activities of the
proposed project.
Air Environment- The ambient air quality monitoring was carried out at ten AAQM
locations, with a frequency of twice a week continuously for three months, to assess
the existing sub-regional air quality status in winter season. PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx
were monitored on 24-hourly basis to enable the comparison with ambient air
quality standards prescribed by the Central Pollution Control Board.
PM10 – A maximum value of 63.4µg/m3 was observed at Near Pemannahali (AAQ3).
A minimum of 48.4µg/m3 was observed at Veersagara (AAQ7).The 24 hours
applicable limit for industrial/residential/rural areas is 100µg/m3, the sampled
locations are within the prescribed limit.
PM2.5 – The maximum value of 30.7µg/m3 was observed at Near Pemannahali
(AAQ3). A minimum of 22.1µg/m3 was observed at Veersagara (AAQ7).The 24 hours
applicable limit is 60µg/m3 for industrial/residential/rural areas, the sampled
locations are within the prescribed limit.
SO2 - The maximum value of 7.1µg/m3 was observed at Near Hasahallli (AAQ2). A
minimum of 5.4µg/m3 was observed at Veersagara(AAQ7). The 24 hours applicable
limit is 80µg/m3 for industrial/residential/rural areas, the sampled locations are
within the prescribed limit.
NOX - The maximum value of 17.3µg/m3 was observed at Hasahallli (AAQ2). A
minimum of 12.2µg/m3 was observed at Veersagara (AAQ7). The 24 hours applicable
limit is 80µg/m3 for industrial/residential/rural areas, the sampled locations are
within the prescribed limit.
Water Environment- Water samples were collected from seven sampling locations.
These samples were collected as grab samples and were analyzed for various
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parameters. The analysis results indicate that the ground water & surface water
standards are within desirable limits.
Noise Environment- The noise monitoring has been conducted at six locations in the
study area.
Day Time Noise Level - Noise levels during day time were found to be in the range
47.3 – 53.8 dB (A). The maximum noise level was observed to be 53.2 dB (A) at
Thyamagondulu (N4) and a minimum of 51.5 dB (A) was observed at Shivaganga
(N5). The monitored locations during the Day time are under the prescribed limit.
Night Time Noise Levels - Noise levels observed to fall in the range 41.4- 43.9 dB (A)
during the night time. Maximum noise level of 43.7 dB (A) was observed at
Thyamagondulu (N4) and a minimum of 41.6 dB (A) at Shivaganga (N5). The
monitored locations during the night time are under the prescribed limit.
The Noise Level data in the monitored area near project site is below the prescribed limit.
Soil Environment- It has been observed that the pH of the soil ranges from 6.72 -
7.54 indicating that the soil is ideal for plant growth. The nitrogen values are in the
range of 9.6 -16.4 mg/kg and the potassium values range between 98 -194 mg/kg,
which indicate that the soils have moderate quantities of potassium. The soil from
the study area shows moderately fertility.
10.10 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
PLAN
The Environmental Monitoring Programme is a vital process in successfully carrying out the
Environment Management Plan (EMP) for any construction project. Based on project
description, Environmental Baseline Data and Environmental Impacts, the Environmental
Management Plans are suggested of the following:
Institutional set up for EMP Implementation
Construction Safety and Occupational Health Management
Rain Water Harvesting
Solid waste Management
Hazardous waste Management
Green Belt Development & Management
Disaster Management Plan
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Risk and Emergency Preparedness Plan
Energy Management
10.11 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM
Table 10.5: Environmental Monitoring Program
S. No Particulars Monitoring
Frequency Duration of Sampling
Important Monitoring
Parameters
1 Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
A
Project site Once in a 3 Months 24 hr continuously
except CO
PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NO
x &
CO
2 Stack Monitoring
A DG Set – Stack Once in a 3 Months 30 min SO2,
NOx, SPM, CO, CO2,
Temperature, Flow rate
& Velocity of the gas
3 Ambient Noise Level
A Near DG set Once in a 3 Months 8 hr continuous with
1 hr interval
Noise level in dB(A)
4 Ground/Drinking Water Quality Monitoring
A Ground Water – at
project site
Once in 3 Months Grab Sampling Parameters specified
under IS:10500, 1993
5 Effluent Quality Monitoring
A ETP Inlet Once in a Month Grab Sampling Physical, Chemical &
Biological Parameters
specified under
IS:2490:1982
B ETP Outlet
6 Soil Quality
A At the
green belt
area
Once in a year Samples were
collected from three
different depths viz.,
30cm, 60cm, and
100cm below the
surface
Parameter for soil
quality: pH, texture,
electrical conductivity,
organic matter, nitrogen,
phosphate, sodium,
calcium, potassium and
Magnesium.
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10.12 CONCLUSION
Based on the environmental assessment, all possible environment aspects have been
adequately assessed and necessary control measures have been formulated to meet with
statutory requirements, in the preparation of the EIA-EMP. The proposed project has
positive impacts on the socio-economic environment of the study area. The unit will provide
direct and indirect employment for Technical, Skilled and unskilled personnel to the nearby
villages. Thus implementing this project will not have any significant negative impacts. Thus,
the proposed project is a welcome development and may be accorded environmental
clearance.
DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS
Page 152
11. DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS
11.1 ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED
ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited an ISO 9001, ISO 14001 & OHSAS 18001 Certified
Company & leading Environmental Engineering & Consultancy Company. We are the first
firm to be accredited by NABET (National Accreditation Board for Education and Training),
Quality Council of India, as an EIA Consultant. We are equipped with in-house, spacious
laboratory, accredited by NABL (National Accreditation Board for Testing & Calibration
Laboratories), Department of Science & Technology, Government of India.
Since establishment our focus is on sustainable development of Industry and Environment
based on sound engineering practices, innovation, quality, R&D and most important is
satisfying customers need. The company has successfully completed more than 100’s
projects of variety of industries, in the field of pollution control. We are also dealing in the
projects of waste minimization and cleaner production technology. Our team of technocrats
and scientists are well experienced to deal with the Designing, Manufacturing, Fabrication,
Installation and Commissioning of Effluent/Wastewater Treatment Plants, Sewage
Treatment Plants, Combined Treatment Plants.
We are having a well experienced team of Scientists & Engineers who are looking after our
well-equipped analytical laboratory with a facility including analysis of physical, chemical
and biological parameters as per the requirements of the State Pollution Control Board and
our clients.
11.2 OUR SERVICES
i. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
Social Impact Assessment (SIA)
Environmental Baseline data collection for Air, Meteorology, Noise, Water, Soil,
Ecology, Socio-Economic and Demography etc;
Environmental Monitoring
Socio Economic Studies
DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS
Page 153
Resettlement & Rehabilitation Plan
Ecological & Human Health Risk Assessment Studies
Ecological Impact Assessment
Environmental Management Framework
Solid Waste Management
Hazardous Waste Management
Internship & Training
ii. TURNKEY PROJECTS
Water Treatment Plants
Sewage Treatment Plant
Recycling & Water Conservation Systems
Zero Discharge System
Other Services
Operation & Maintenance of Water & Waste Water Plants
Water & Waste Water Treatment Chemicals
Pilot Plant studies
Feasibility studies & preparation of budgetary estimates
iii. LABORATORY DIVISION
Chemical Testing
Environmental Testing
Microbiological Testing
Food Testing
iv. METALLURGICAL TESTING
Mechanical Test
Chemical Testing
Corrosion Testing
v. SECTORS WE SERVE
Mining of Minerals including Opencast/Underground mining
Thermal Power Plants
Mineral Beneficiation including Pelletisation
Metallurgical Industries ( Ferrous & Non Ferrous)
DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS
Page 154
Chlor-alkali Industry
Textile- cotton & Man-made fiber
Coke Oven Plants/ Waste Heat Recovery
Synthetic Organic Chemical Industries
Sugar, Distilleries and Cogeneration
Integrated Paint Industries
Common Municipal Solid waste Management facility
Industrial Estates/ Parks/Complexes/Special Economic Zones
Common Effluent Treatment Plants
Building & Construction Projects,
Townships & Area Development Projects
The accreditation details of ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED are given in
Annexure VI.
11.3 STUDY TEAM
ABC Techno Lab India Private Limited carried out this EIA. The multidisciplinary team
included expertise in Environmental Impact Assessment, Air pollution & Control measures,
Noise Control measures, Ecology and bio-diversity, Land use, Geology, Environmental
Chemistry and Socio-Economic planner.
The team members were:
Table 11.1: Study Team
Name Role
Dr. R.K.Jayaseelan EIA Coordinator – Team Leader
Functional area Expert – Land Use and Hydrology, ground water & water conservation
Dr. MuthiahMariappan Project Planning, implementation, Report review and validation. Functional area Expert – Solid waste & Hazardous Management
Dr. G. Sundar Senior Environmental Manager & Project Coordinator
Dr. N. Sukumaran Functional area Expert – Ecology & Bio-diversity
Mr. Vivek Mariappan Functional area Expert – Meteorology, Air Quality Modeling & Prediction
DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS
Page 155
Mrs. Geetha Shreeneevasakan Functional area Expert - Socio-Economic Expert
R. Rajendran Functional area Expert – Air pollution control and Noise
Mr. Senthil kumar Functional area Expert – Risk Hazards
Mr. Mohammed Haroon Siyech Project Engineer - Report of Analysis
Mr. K S Vishnu Teja Project Engineer - Report of Analysis
Ms. Sandhya Project Engineer – Documentation
Mr. Robson Chinnadurai Senior Chemist- Environmental Monitoring
Ms. L. Vidhya Devi Analyst & Environmental Chemist
Ms. VetriSelvi Analyst & Environmental Chemist
Ms. K. Narmatha Analyst & Environmental Chemist
Mr. ShafeerBabu Field Technician & Environmental Chemist
Mr. Y. Venkateshwaralu Field Technician
Mr. Sathish Field Technician
Mr. Suresh Anand Field Technician