drinking water surveillance program annual report

ISSN 0839-9026

OTTAWA (BRITANNIA)WATER TREATMENT PLANT

DRINKING WATER SURVEILLANCEPROGRAM

ANNUAL REPORT 1988

FEBRUARY 1990

©Copyright: Queen's Printer for Ontario, 1990

This publication may be reproduced for non-conunercia seswith appropriate attribution.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

DRINKING WATER SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM

OTTAWA (BRITANNIA) WATER TREATMENT PLANT1988 ANNUAL REPORT

The Drinking Water Surveillance Program (DWSP) for Ontario is amonitoring program providing immediate, reliable, currentinformation on drinking water quality. The DWSP officially beganin April 1986 and is designed to eventually include all municipalsupplies in Ontario. Currently, 52 plants are being monitored.

The Ottawa (Britannia) Water Treatment Plant is a conventionaltreatment plant which treats water from the Ottawa River. Theprocess consists of coagulation, f locculation, sedimentation,filtration, disinfection, post pH adjustment and fluoridation.This plant has a design capacity of 247 x 1000 m3/day and inconjunction with the Lemieux Island plant, serves a population ofapproximately 515,000.

Samples of the raw and treated water from the Ottawa (Britannia)Water Treatment Plant plus water samples from two distributionsystem sites were taken on a monthly basis and analyzed forapproximately 160 parameters. Parameters were divided into thefollowing groups Bacteriological, Inorganic and Physical (LaboratoryChemistry, Field Chemistry and Metals) and Organics(Chloroaromatics, Chlorophenols, Pesticide and PCB, Phenolics,Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Specific Pesticides andVolatiles) . Specific Pesticides and Chlorophenols were analysed inJune and November only.

A summary of results is shown in Table 1.

Inorganic and Physical parameters (Laboratory Chemistry, FieldChemistry and Metals) were below any applicable health relatedODWOs

.

Of approximately 110 Organic parameters tested for on a monthlybasis, none exceeded health related guidelines.

During 1988 the DWSP sampling results indicated that the Ottawa(Britannia) Water Treatment Plant produced good quality water atthe plant and this quality was maintained in the distributionsystem.

(\l —V)

LU O

a —i- o< a.

t— to

3 —< </>

ae O

«- fO

»- Kl «M

O ^ w

CJ *-

fC ~

«- o

o oto —


OTTAWA (BRITANNIA) WATER TREATMENT PLANT19 88 ANNUAL REPORT

INTRODUCTION

The Drinking Water Surveillance Program (DWSP) for Ontario is a

monitoring program providing immediate, reliable, current

information on drinking water quality. The DWSP officially began

in April 1986 and is designed to eventually include all municipal

supplies in Ontario. Currently, 52 plants are being monitored.

The DWSP was initiated at the Ottawa (Britannia) Water Treatment

Plant in the fall of 1986. Annual reports were published for 1986

(ISBN 0-7729-2550-X) and 1987 (ISSN 0839-9026).

This report contains information and results for 1988.

PLANT DESCRIPTION

The Ottawa (Britannia) Water Treatment Plant is a conventional

treatment plant which treats water from the Ottawa River. The

process consists of coagulation, f locculation, sedimentation,

filtration, disinfection, post pH adjustment and fluoridation. It

has a design capacity of 247.0 x 1000 m3/day and sample day flows

ranging from 77 x 1000 m3/day to 186 x 1000 m3/day. This plant,

in conjunction with the Lemieux Island plant, serves a population

of approximately 515,000.

The plant location is shown in Figure 1. Plant process details,

in a block schematic, are shown in Figure 2. General plant

information is presented in Table 2.

METHODS

Water samples were obtained from four DWSP approved locations;

i) Plant Raw - The water originated from the intake pipe

prior to chlorination and was sampled

through a stainless steel line. The sample tap

is located in the plant laboratory.

ii) Plant Treated - The water originated from the highlift

discharge after addition of all treatment

chemicals and was sampled through a

copper sample line. The sample tap is

located in the plant laboratory,

iii) Distribution System - Site 1 - This house is

approximately 3 kilometers from the plant.

Water was sampled, through copper

plumbing, from the kitchen tap.

iv) Distribution System - Site 2 - This house is

approximately 8 kilometers from the plant.

Water was sampled, through copper

plumbing, from the basement

laundry tap.

Sample lines in the plant were flushed prior to sampling to ensure

that the water obtained was indicative of its origin and not

residual water standing in the sample line.

At all distribution system locations two types of samples were

obtained: a standing and a free flow. The standing sample consisted

of water that had been in the household plumbing and service

connection for a minimum of six hours. These samples are used to

make an assessment of the amount by which the levels of inorganic

compounds and metals may be changed on standing, due to leaching

from (or deposition on) , the plumbing system. The only analyses

carried out on the standing samples therefore, are General

Chemistry and Metals. The free flow sample represented fresh

water from the distribution main that had been flowing at the

sample tap for five minutes before being sampled.

Attempts were made to capture the same block of water at each

sampling point by taking the retention time into consideration.

The retention time was calculated by dividing the volume of water

between the two sampling points by the sample day flow. For

example, if it was determined that the retention time within the

FIGURE 1


SITE LOCATION MAP

OTTAWA (BRITANNIA) WATER TREATMENT PLANT

Figure 2

OTTAWA (BRITANNIA) WATER TREATMEN"OTTAWA RIVER

CHLORINE AND ALUMADDED HERE

PU\NT

INTAKE

SURGE WELL

LOWLIFT CHAMBERS

LOWLIFT PUMPS

ACTIVATED SIUCA

(SODIUM SIUCATE ACTIVATED WITH ALUM)

ADDED HERE

FLOCCULATION TANKS

SEDIMENTATION TANKS

FILTERS

UME ADDED HERE

HYDROFLUOSIUCIC ACID

AND CHLORINEADDED HERE

CLEAR WELLS

HIGHLIFT PUMPS

TABLE 2

DRINKING WATER SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM ANNUAL REPORT

GENERAL INFORMATION

OTTAWA (BRITANNIA) WATER TREATMENT PLANT

LOCATION: CASSELS ROADOTTAWA, ONTARIO(613-828-2727)

SOURCE: RAW WATER SOURCE - OTTAWA RIVER

RATED CAPACITY: 247 (1000 M3/DAY)

OPERATION: MUNICIPAL

PLANT SUPERINTENDENT: A. HARTRY

MINISTRY REGION: SOUTHEASTERN

DISTRICT OFFICER: MR. R.A. DUNN

MUNICIPALITYSERVED

CITY OF OTTAWAGLOUCESTERVANIERNEPEANKANATAGOULBOURN

POPULATION

304,00076,58918,87785,73720,5299,720

plant was five hours then there would be a five hour interval

between the raw and treated sampling. Similarly, if it was

estimated that it took approximately one day for the water to

travel from the plant to the distribution system site, this site

would be sampled one day after the treated water from the plant.

Stringent DWSP sampling protocols were followed to ensure that all

samples were taken in a uniform manner.

Sample day flow, treatment chemical dosages and field measurements

such as Turbidity, Chlorine Residuals, pH and Temperature were

recorded on the day of sampling and were entered onto the DWSP data

base as submitted.

RESULTS

The Ottawa (Britannia) Water Treatment Plant was sampled for

approximately 160 parameters on a monthly basis.

The Specific Pesticides and Chlorophenols scans were sampled in

June and November only. Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons and

Phenolics are only analysed in the raw and treated water from the

plant. As a result of an unforeseen emergency the laboratory

capacity was exceeded and analysis for volatiles could not be

carried out when the samples were received. Since analysis for

volatiles is no longer valid after four weeks of storage, volatile

results for January or February are not available.

Table 3 contains information on the sample day retention time, flow

rate and treatment chemicals used and their associated dosages.

Table 4 is a summary break-down of the number of water samples

analysed by parameter and by water type. The number of times that

a positive or trace result was detected is also reported.

Positive denotes that the result is greater than the statistical

limit of detection established by the Ministry of the Environment

(MOE) laboratory staff and is quantifiable. Trace (<T) denotes

that the level measured is greater than the lowest value detectable

by the method but lies so close to the detection limit that it

cannot be confidently quantified.

Table 5 presents the results for parameters detected on at least

one occasion.

Table 6 presents parameters analysed in the DWSP.

Associated guidelines and detection limits are also supplied on

tables 5 and 6. Parameters are listed alphabetically within each

DISCUSSION

Water quality is judged by comparison with the Ontario Drinking

Water Objectives (ODWOs) as defined in the 1984 publication (ISBN

0-7743-8985-0) . The Province of Ontario has health related and

aesthetic objectives for 49 parameters, these are currently under

review. When an ODWO is not available guidelines/ limits from other

agencies are consulted. The Parameters Listing System (PALIS)

recently published (ISBN 0-7729-4461 -X) by the MOE catalogues and

keeps current over 1750 guidelines for 650 parameters from agencies

throughout the world.

Although some of the parameters measured on DWSP may be present in

the raw and treated water as a result of pollution, many of the

compounds detected are naturally occuring or are treatment by-

products.

Plant operational personnel address occurrences of taste and odour

or biological water quality parameters. The DWSP does not assess

these aspects of the water supply.

As stated under Results, traces do not indicate quantifiable

results as defined by established MOE laboratory analytical

reporting protocols. While they can be useful in trend analysis

or confirmation of the presence of a specific contaminant that is

repeatedly detected at these levels, the occasional finding of a

trace level of a contaminant is not considered to be significant.

DISCUSSION OF GUIDEUNES AND LIMITS THEREFORE, IS ONLY

CONDUCTED ON POSITIVE RESULTS.

Bacteriology

Positive results for the Bacteriology scan were present seven times

in the treated water, six times in the distribution system Site 1

water and fourteen times in the Site 2 water. In all cases the

positive parameters were Standard Plate Count and Total Coliform

Background.

Standard Plate Count is a test used to supplement routine analysis

for Coliform bacteria. The limit for Standard Plate Count (at 35°C

after 48 hours) in the ODWOs is 500 organisms per mL (based on a

geometric mean of 5 or more samples) . High Standard Plate Counts

were present in the August and November Site 2 water samples. While

no indicators of unsafe water were detected, the high Standard

Plate Count may be indicative of a deterioration in conditions in

the distribution system. A total Chlorine Residual of at least

0.05 mg/L was detected on both occasions however, water

temperature became elevated during the summer months. The high

Standard Plate Counts obtained for the month of August probably

reflect increased bacteriological growth as a result of the

increased temperature.

7

Guidelines for bacteriological sampling and testing of a supply are

developed to maintain a proper supervision of its bacteriological

quality; the routine monitoring program usually requires the taking

of multiple samples in a given system. Full interpretation of

bacteriological quality cannot be made on the basis of single

samples. Further, bacteriological limits were developed in

acknowledgement that the presence of coliforms may be detected due

to their non-uniform distribution throughout the distribution

system and the fact that their enumeration is subject to

considerable variation. Routine bacteriological monitoring, as

outlined in the ODWOs is carried out by the operating authority.

Inorganic and Physical Parameters

Laboratory and Field Chemistry

The results for the Laboratory Chemistry and Field Chemistry scans

were below applicable health related ODWOs.

The Langelier Index is used extensively in estimating the corrosion

potential of water. An increasingly negative index indicates the

increasing possibility of corrosion. It is considered sound

engineering practice to maintain a slightly positive Langelier

Index. The Langelier Index for the Ottawa (Britannia) water with

the exception of April and May is negative.

As part of the treatment plant process, hydrofluosilicic acid is

added to the treated water (Table 3) . Where fluoridation is

practised, the Fluoride concentration recommended in the ODWO is

1.2 mg/L, plus or minus 0.2 mg/L. This level was generally not

maintained. Table 3 indicates that the amount of hydrofluosilicic

acid added was not sufficient to maintain a 1.2 mg/L Fluoride

residual.

It is desirable that the Temperature of drinking water be less than

15°C; the palatability of water is enhanced by its coolness. A

temperature below 15°C will tend to reduce the growth of nuisance

organisms and hence minimize associated taste, colour, odour and

corrosion problems. The temperature of the delivered water may

increase in the distribution system due to the warming effect of

the soil in late summer and fall and/or as a result of higher

temperatures in the source water. The desired ODWO was exceeded

eleven times in the treated water and free flow distributed water.

Calcium, Conductivity and Hardness levels increased in the treated

water as compared to the raw water. These increases are a result

of the addition of Calcium Oxide during the treatment process to

adjust the final pH in the treated water.

Metals

The results reported for the Metals scan were below any applicable

health related ODWOs.

Copper and Iron levels were generally lower in the treated water

as compared to the raw water. This is a result of the treatment

process. The addition of Alum as a coagulant to the raw water and

the resulting coagulation/settling process has been shown to reduce

the levels of most metals.

Elevated levels of Copper, Lead and Zinc were detected in the

standing samples as compared to the free flow distribution samples

thus, indicating that these metals were leached from the household

plumbing as the water stood overnight. The Langelier Index

indicates potential for corrosion and some metals will be leached

in standing samples in most supplies.

At present, there is no evidence that Aluminum is physiologically

harmful and no health limit for drinking water has been specified.

The measure of residual Aluminum in the treated water is important

to indicate the efficiency of the treatment process. The ODWOs

indicate that a useful guideline is to maintain a residual below

100 ug/L as Al in the water leaving the plant to avoid post

precipitation problems. Aluminum values exceeded the ODWO

operational guideline four times in the treated water.

Organic Parameters

Chloroaromatics

10

The results of the Chloroaromatics scan showed that one parameter

was detected:

Hexachloroethane

Hexachloroethane was detected at trace levels, once in the treated

water, twice in the Site 1 water and once in the Site 2 water.

Review of these results, along with past information from other

water supplies on DWSP, would indicate that certain Chloroaromatics

appear more frequently in the treated water than in the raw and

almost always only at trace levels. These occurrences could

possibly be due to a reaction of chlorine with organics present in

the water or in the distribution system.

Chlorophenols

The results of the Chlorophenols scan showed that one parameter

was detected:

2,4, 6-Trichlorophenol

2,4,6-Trichlorophenol was detected at a trace level once in the

treated water.

Pesticides and PCB (Polychlorinated Biphenyl)

The results of the Pesticides and PCB scan showed that no PCBs were

detected and that two pesticides were detected:

Alpha BHC

11

Lindane

There are several isomers of BHC (Benzene Hexachloride) ; gamma BHC

is the active ingredient of the pesticide Lindane, while alpha BHC

is the isomer predominantly found in surface water from the Great

Lakes Basin as indicated in results from other water supplies on

DWSP.

Alpha BHC was detected at trace levels, five times in the raw

water, eight times in the treated water, eight times in the Site

1 water and seven times in the Site 2 water.

Lindane was detected at trace levels, once in the raw water, twice

in the treated water, once in the Site 1 water and twice in the

Site 2 water.

Specific Pesticides

Results of the Specific Pesticides scan showed that no parameters

were detected.

Phenolics

The maximum desirable concentration of phenolic substances in

drinking water is 2.0 ug/L. This limit has been set primarily to

prevent the occurrence of undesirable tastes and odours,

particularly in chlorinated water. Phenolics were detected at

levels ranging from 1.0 ug/L to 9.6 ug/L in the raw and treated

12

water. Phenol ics were detected at trace levels, four times in the

raw water and five times in the treated water. Phenolic compounds

are present in the aquatic environment as a result of natural

and/or industrial processes.

Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH)

The results of the PAH scan showed that no PAHs were detected.

Volatiles

The results of the Volatiles scan showed that six parameters, other

than Trihalomethanes(THMs) , were detected:

Benzene

Toluene

Ethylbenzene

Meta and Para-Xylene

Styrene

Tetrachloroethylene

Benzene was detected at trace levels, once in the Site 1 water and

Site 2 water.

Toluene was detected at trace levels, twice in the treated water

and twice in both distribution system water samples. The detection

of toluene at low, trace levels is a laboratory artifact derived

from the analytical methodology. The purge-and-trap analytical

13

technique depends on the purging of the volatile organics in the

water sample with helium gas onto a Tenax trapping column. The

volatile materials are subsequently thermally desorbed, separated

and quantified. Tenax, a toluene-like polymeric material, tends to

decompose sporadically upon heating into toluene and other aromatic

componenets (ethylbenzene and xylene) giving instrument blanks in

the order of 0.05 ug/L.

The detected trace levels of Styrene are also considered to be

laboratory artifacts due to the outgassing of monomeric styrene

from the polystyrene shipping containers. The sporadic background

levels from this source are in the order of 0.05 ug/L.

Ethylbenzene was detected at trace levels, once in the raw water,

four times in the treated water, five times in the Site 1 water

and once in the Site 2 water.

Meta and Para-Xylene are measured as one compound, M-Xylene. They

were detected at a trace level, once in the treated water.

The volatiles listed above are typically found on an occasional

basis at other water supplies included on the DWSP usually at trace

levels.

Tetrachloroethylene was detected at trace levels, once in the

treated water, once in both the Site 1 and Site 2 sample.

14

THMs are acknowledged to be produced during the water treatment

process and will always occur in chlorinated surface waters. THMs

are comprised of Chloroform, Chlorodibromomethane and

Dichlorobromomethane. Bromoform occurs occasionally. Results are

reported for the individual compounds as well as for total THMs.

Chloroform, Dichlorobromomethane and Total THMs were detected in

all treated waters. Chlorodibromomethane was detected at trace

levels, once in the raw water, three times in the treated water and

twice in both the Site 1 and Site 2 water. All Total THM

occurrences, ranging from 46.8 ug/L to 288.5 ug/L were below the

ODWO of 350 ug/L.

THMs were present in three raw water samples taken in 1988 and in

five raw water sample taken in 1987. This would indicate that low

levels of chlorine were present in these samples.

CONCLUSIONS

The Ottawa (Britannia) Water Treatment plant for the sample year

of 1988 produced good guality water at the plant and this was

maintained in the distribution system.

No health related guidelines, for organic or inorganic parameters,

were exceeded during 1986, 1987 or 1988.

15

RECOMMENDATIONS

Two recommendations can be made:

1) During 1988 three raw water samples contained THMs and in 1987

five raw water samples contained THMs. This sample site should be

reassessed to ensure that it still meets the DWSP sampling

protocol.

2) Hydrof luosilicic Acid dosages should be adjusted to ensure that

the recommended fluoride level is maintained in the distributed

water.

16

" I

g

o —,1 g

5 3

* 5g "

8 5

! 13 Z

8|

g S

Sggg83SSSSS

gggggggggggg

gsssgsssgggg

sgggsgecssafi

8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

S8§§§§SSSSS

ooooooooooo

•O i/> O ^ «* "3 -o o

ilsisisSi

o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o

«- O O Kt nT o* r\j «— rg rg -sr of- «- N (M (M N rg

pg t—

UU CO

rsj Kl O Kl org rg N fvj

CNJ 00 f\J f\J O r\j «- rg (M -or•- r- (\j oj ry rg

pg po rg Kt rgf\j rg «- rg rg

o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o

r- *o -O«- «~ pg pg

*J- •»* CO rg po o fo «-pg pg rg rg

«- N. ,- «- o o CO <0 c\j »J >» ^ COr ^ f\j t\j m (\j rg rg pg »- rg rg

o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o o rg

*0 O O «- N- r- rg rg rg rg t- rg «—

rg CO rg rg nJ sf rg rg pg rg «— rg rg rg rg rg

co cc

o o • o o o o o o o o o o o o o

rg co rg rg«- •- -4* %»

o rg rg

rg co rg rg -c> %y rg rg >o rg rg rg rg

co <$ a sLJ QC f-

O •- O co

ooooooou-v^cnjoo 00 O n* o %t

CM t-

UJ </)

t- o

N N M N >»

N fVJ M >Jf\i r\i cm cm

ki N ry (\i n nN N (VI N N N

(\J - O

CM CM N-*- CM CO

•sf O ** O<%i CM

CM CM CM CM CM

ooooooocor-«-oo o o o O O ** O ^*- oj rsj

(\Jf\JM(NJ(NJK>f0^m«-N(\JN <NJ fg r- CM CM »— CM CM CMcm cm -4-

«- cm ro

cm cm cm cm n N fy fy n r\j rocm cm h-«- CM CO CM CM CM CM CM

OOOOOOO*-*— O — OCMCMOO O -C O CM O CM

CMCMnOCMCMCMO«-CM--CMOO*OCM n. O CM O CM O

CMCMCMfMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCM'OCM O CM CM (M CM

O-d'OOOOO'-CMOOO-J-rOOO "** in o *- o cm

CMCOCM^CMCMCM«-OCMCMCMN.O^CM«- O O CM «- CM O

3 t~< —cc i/i

CMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCM^OCM O CM CM CM CM CM

O «* O>

OO-^w-OfMfNJO-^â-Oh-O-OO^'OOO 10 KrvjrvjfM n t- r- •- Kim

ooooj^joo^j-oeo^^-o^^joo

N»'»t>*^*'^»'ÔJ>4''Nj-Nj -J- ^ ** •**rsjf\j<\jcyrgf\j«-r\j(\jr\jr\jf\ir\jr\jrg<\jf\ir\j

OPO^-o-j-r^roN-rjoorôoo

ooo^-ô^ôki^Ônt^-oo-**

<\ifNjfNjc\jf>jr\*«-f\jf\jc\jr\jr\jf\jc\jf\jr\jf\if\jf\j

3 £

o o

•O CO

3 &

h^f\JOO>m<\l<\IOf\J«-w-00.00*J-000 *- o

ooK»r4rôsfojoooKtoojf\Joof\jr\j«- .- O N-

f\JNNNfVJfNJfNJNN(\jrU(\Jt\Jf\JOJ(NJ(MMlM

N-(M«-OOOKlOfVJ«-OO00OO-4-0jrÔ sf CO

00*-N(\JNv|NOO(\JMON(\JOO^N

N(\j(\JWi\jf\JNwroroMf\j(\j(\j

>- x < o a.at Q op ae atu < O x 5

» x 5 x x iz => — 5 5 X DO - t- - - 3 -

3 < a in x z x z _j — g(-> O >- W O — lu O < -J Z <

z o

Jiz^j */» in »- »- 3 >

Hi

£ o

DC (/>

2

ooooooo«-ooooo w-

ooooooooooooo

ooooooor\jooooo

ooooooooooooo

ooooooooooooo

ooooooooooooo -

ooooooooooooo

ooooooooooooo

ooooooooooooo

ooooooooooooo

z z z z z z zzzN N N N N N Ui Z =3 3 3ZZZZZZ LUZLU-J-I-JUiUJLJJLUUJUJ ZLUfSJOOOOOOOOO z>-ujOOOa tt oc a u tt k i- en a a aOOOOOO ujcoOOOO_i_l-J_J_J_t O O DC -J -i -IZZXX2C3C Q£ Q£ O X X XCJ CJ CJ (_)(_) CJ OO—lUUOtt h i- fie h ac x x u oe ae oet- t- t- CJ (-> < t- •- t-

>* m m < < *-poroK»'«*'^mc»xt-z>om<NNfyrvjfywuujuujKi^^«-*-«-*-«-«-xxoa-<\ir\ir\j

o o o o «-

OOOOOO

N fVJ M «\J N N

OOOOOO

OOOOOO

oj rvj r\j f\i f\j rvj

O O O O O

Cl.ClO.ClO.O O O O OOOOOOO

U (J CJ _J

vT -vT U^ U-> O Zw ro fo »j «i uif\l N Pd N N a

rg i-

uj </>•- O— Q.

LU t/1

i- o— a.

3 >-< —

o o o oooooooooooo o

ooooooooooooooooooo o

rj(Mrj(MrgNNMOMI\l<MI\JMIMr\JMO(M •»

ooooooooooooooooo o

ooooooooooooooooooo o

rjr\jcdr\ir\jr\jf\jojocur\jcur\j<\jf\jf\jrsjor\j **

-» UJ < << < Z at QCat w UJ O O1 IM ac Z5 Z>>- Z >- -J —

1

z uj a. u. u.

ac *— a za. < u t/i

>- cj zz < <-j .. .i

X Z —

I

a. < u-

<Z <UJ-»G0Zfc£«OOwm»-Z0</>>-000-lOOOZZO<zIM>-UJrMIMIM>-fMNIMUJUjrMXO

z $CD CJ a as

x at CD oLU UJ — 2CD CO Q — CD < O

S 8

CO Ct

t- O~ a.

OfNJOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

ooooooooooooooooooooooooo

f\J f\J f\J f\J -O -O

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

oooooooooooooooooooooooo

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOC\J<Mf\Jf\J>0*0

OfMOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO


f\J OJ f\J f\J no -o

0^-00000000000000000000000


OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOfMfMf\jr\J*0*0

O O OC *~ — W)DC Ct O Z Z Z tt Q!< < < o o

00 Z C<:XZ>Z>ZZ)00 -1<^<OOCrt</>~t/)<<XZI— w H<03CX—I^OOQCOl— t— U U Q O OI— ZCkZUJI— 00000-0-C£>-OCOOOO

- O N h K

_ — -I <CD -I < O O

— xaooo.Q.a:»—XOOQ-QCLQ-<<

O • UJ(/> • Q.

UJ </>

>- o— a.

2

ooooooo o-

ooooooo o

ry r\i (M f\j rvj f\j f\j

ooooooo o

ooooooo o

f\jr>jfsjf\jrNjf\jf\j n*

ooooooo

ooooooo o

n (\j w n

ooooooo <o

ooooooo o

f\jf\jr\jf\if\ir\jrsj •*»

u. * * §Sz > n u a i— at 3 z O ljH N I- CD - J < m

UJ < UJ - N X _1 i I

5 & S £ 5 < 2 °-

Q£ Qt QC UJ — _J LiJ O0a. o. a. x co •< x

o i/>

ooooooooo

ooooooooo

orgrgosjrgrgorg

ooooooooo

ooooooooo

Ofsjf\jr\jr\jrsjorsjfvj

>- ui- <CD (j>- —

S 5£ ft 5

uj »- ae a. < gc Oxi j as o x zQ.moxoX-JUj —< - . u S i > NO - - .j - — - — —*- rvj rvj f\j ro o a. via

(/> t-

UJ </>

<- o

CD Of

2 g

^"•"ÔOOÔOOOOOOOOOOOfMfVJOOOO

O w O O ooooôooooôoooooo

oooooo-j-oooooôooooO'Ooooooo

ooovroooooooooooorg«-oooo

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

C>OÔO'O>'>TO>O'O'O'C0O>O>O>O'0<00O>>O(X0k O'O>

0*-^0«-0-d-000©OOOOOOOOK1*-0000

0^-0000000000-0000000000000

OOOO'OO-ÔOOOOÔOOOOO'OOOOOOO

oo«-oooroooooinooooof\jo«-ooooo

OOOOOOOOOOOCsJOOOOOOOOOOOOO

OOOOO^'OOOOO'OOOOOOOOOOOOO

J gB:2&©-xoc-jXujXuj uj uj

uj _j uj uj Dcujua.>-Ooo—i o uj cpO x O O 00«OxXorX>- gt z O

z or o a ot _laeotcjei— OOOx O uj acuj O OOXxO»-Oujae_iat»— u N Orsj _juj—i —iQti_»_iuj_*OcpxcOujXiX —

I

Z UJ UJ UJ x:ZXXO~X»-XQ£OLJ — OQtOUjXUJUJUJZZZUJLJUJLJLJU-CKLJ O O « — Q Of O CD OZZCDUJUJUJZ'— _J — — O - — Z ~ -jOQcOOu-'-O —ujuj-i_j_i_Jujo>-ooQf oQOX_»»-ot-»Q « oz—jxxxx>-«-i- ' •- j «- ry a ry - of\i_joOrNj_i^rUJ O - ' ' '•- » UJ *- « X •- * < -OC— »- X • OC «- Xco*-uja-XOv>'-X»-»-CJ«-«-0«-»-o«-*J»-in«-o«-

o o o o o

o o o o o*

o o ro o o- a 2

o o o o

O O O O 00

£ 2o> O" eg o> eo i/i o-

o o o o o

o o o o o» 00 «*

© O K» O O*00 of\J O

o o o o

o o o o o

o o m o o>>

UJ IU O Q <N N h - XZ Z O X >-uj uj at o ujoo cd o ec XO O -i m oO O <-) o <_j _j O a=JZ :c QC LU ™O CJ O Z Of

o o Ij >-

K! (M — I [5

I- << IS—I 0£

< <o o

KEY TO TABLE 5 and 6

A ONTARIO DRINKING WATER OBJECTIVES (ODWO)1. Maximum Acceptable Concentration (MAC)1+. MAC for Total Trihalomethanes1*. MAC for Bacteriological Analyses

Poor water quality is indicated when :

- total coliform counts > < 5- P/A Bottle Test is present after 48 hours- Aeromonas organisms are detected in more than

25% of samples in a single submission or insuccessive submissions from the same samplingsite

- Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Staphylococcus Aureusand members of the Fecal Streptococcus groupshould not be detected in any sample

- Standard Plate Count should not exceed 500organisms per ml at 35 °C within 48 hours

2. Interim Maximum Acceptable Concentration (IMAC)3. Maximum Desirable Concentration (MDC)4. Aesthetic or Recommended Operational Guideline

- hardness levels between 80 and 100 mg/L ascalcium carbonate are considered to provide anacceptable balance between corrosion andincrustation, water supplies with a hardness>200 mg/L are considered poor and those inexcess of 500 mg/L are unacceptable.

B HEALTH & WELFARE CANADA (H&W)1. Maximum Acceptable Concentration (MAC)2

.

Proposed MAC3

.

Interim MAC4. Aesthetic Objective (AO) (for xylenes, the AO is

a total)

C WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION (WHO)1. Guideline Value (GV)2. Tentative GV3. Aesthetic GV

D US ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (EPA)1. Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL)2. Suggested No-Adverse Effect Level (SNAEL)3. Lifetime Health Advisory4. EPA Ambient Water Quality Criteria

F EUROPEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY (EEC)1. Health Related Guideline Level2. Aesthetic Guideline Level3. Maximum Admissable Concentration (MADC)

G CALIFORNIA STATE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH-GUIDELINE VALUE

H USSR MAXIMUM PERMISSIBLE CONCENTRATION

I NEW YORK STATE AMBIENT WATER GUIDELINE

N/A NONE AVAILABLE

INTERPRETATION Of DATA

The interpretation of analytical results that are obtained frommeasurements near the limit of detection of the measurement processis subject to greater uncertainty than those at higherconcentrations. The principle areas of concern relate to whetherthe substance has actually been detected, whether it has beenproperly identified, and whether it is an artifact of themeasurement process. In other words, false positives can be causedby the instrumentation or the test procedures used, when in factthese compounds are not present in the sample.

There are several methods to treat data from such measurements:1. Exclude the low-level data because of this uncertainty factor.However, studies of long-term environmental trends and modellingmay be adversely affected by exclusion of such data.2. Qualify these data so the user is aware of the greateruncertainty associated with their use.

For the Drinking Water Surveillance Program, measurements near thelimit of detection of the measurement process are reportedqualified by the code M <T" . Results quantified by "W" indicate a

zero measurement. These results are reported for purposes ofmodelling and long-term trend analysis and no significance shouldbe attributed to a single determination of a substance below "T"(a single determination may well be a false positive) . Repeatanalysis or additional data are needed before it can be stated withcertainty that the substance in question was truly present. On theother hand, it is less likely that repeated detection of a

substance at or near the limit of detection at a specific locationis solely due to an artifact in the measurement system, and morelikely represents a true positive. However the average of such datais still only an estimate of the amount of substance presentsubject to the possible biases of the method used.

LABORATORY RESULTS. REMARK DESCRIPTIONS

No Sample Taken

BDL Below Minimum Measurable Amount

<T Greater Than Detection Limit But Not Confident(SEE INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS ABOVE)

> Results Are Greater Than The Upper Limit

<=> Approximate Result»

!AW No Data: Analysis Withdrawn

!CR No Data: Could Not Confirm By Reanalysis

!CS No Data: Contamination Suspected

!IL No Data: Sample Incorrectly Labelled

IIS No Data: Insufficient Sample

!LA No Data: Laboratory Accident

1LD No Data: Test Queued After Sample Discarded

1NA No Data: No Authorization To Perform Reanalysis

!NP No Data: No Procedure

1NR No Data: Sample Not Received

!0P No Data: Obscured Plate

1QU No Data: Quality Control Unacceptable

1PE No Data: Procedural Error - Sample Discarded

1PH No Data: Sample pH Outside Valid Range

IRE No Data: Received Empty

!R0 No Data: See Attached Report (no numeric results)

ISM No Data: Sample Missing

1SS No Data: Send Separate Sample Properly Preserved

1UI No Data: Indeterminant Interference

!TX No Data: Time Expired

A3C Approximate, Total Count Exceeded 300 Colonies

APL Additional Peak, Large, Not Priority Pollutant

APS Additional Peak, Less Than, Not Priority Pollutant

CIC Possible Contamination, Improper Cap

CRO Calculated Result Only

PPS Test Performed On Preserved Sample

RMP P and M-Xylene Not Separated

RRV Rerun Verification

RVU Reported Value Unusual

SPS Several Peaks, Small, Not Priority Pollutant

UAL Unreliable: Sample Age Exceeds Normal Limit

UCR Unreliable: Could Not Confirm By Reanalysis

UCS Unreliable: Contamination Suspected

UIN Unreliable: Indeterminant Interference

XP Positive After X Number of Hours

T# (T06) Result Taken After t Hours

TABLE 5

DRINKING WATER SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM OTTAWA USS (BRITANNIA) 1988

WATER TREATMENT PLANT DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

TREATED SITE 1

STANDING

SITE 2

STANDING FREE FLOW

BACTERIOLOGICAL

FECAL COLIFORM MF (CT/100ML )

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

11

15

5

1

14

12

9

218

192 R72

52 T48

44

30 T48

DET'N LIMIT = GUIDELINE = (A1)

STANDRD PLATE CNT MF (CT/ML DET'N LIMIT = GUIDELINE " 500/ML (A1)

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

780

1400

1300

620

500

780

7000

2400 >

1

9

2

2

4

10

6 <=>

2 <=>

<=>

1 <=>

1

7

39

70 <=>

37 T24

73 T48

3 <=>

2

2

21

32

119

125

24

1100

13 T06

23 T06

2400 >

1 <=>

P/A BOTTLE ( DET'N LIMIT = GUIDELINE = (A1*)

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

TOTAL COLIFORM MF (CT/100ML ) DET'N LIMIT = GUIDELINE = 5/100MLCA1)

JAN

FEB

MAR

58

TABLE 5

DRINKING WATER SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM OTTAWA WSS (BRITANNIA) 1988


SITE 1

STANDING

SITE 2

STANDING

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

68 A3C

TABLE 5



TREATED SITE 1

STANDING

SITE 2

STANDING

CHEMISTRY (FLD)

FLD CHLORINE (COMB) ( ) DET'N LIMIT = N/A GUIDELINE = N/A

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

HAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

.200

.700

.200

.100

.700

.400

.500

.500

.400

.200

.200

.200

.050

.050

.100

.100

.050

.100

.200

.100

.150

.050

.050

.100

.100

.100

.100

.100

.050

.050

.100

.050

.050

.100

.100

.200

.100

.050

.050

.100

.150

.050

.100

.100

.050

.050

FLD CHLORINE FREE ( DET'N LIMIT - N/A GUIDELINE = N/A

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

1.300

.300

.900

.900

.500

1.300

1.100

1.100

1.300

1.500

1.500

1.100

.100

.050

.050

.050

.300

.450

.200

.100

.050

.100

.150

.150

.100

.100

.100

.050

.100

.100

.200

.100

.050

.050

.050

.100

.100

FLD CHLORINE (TOTAL) ( DET'N LIMIT = N/A GUIDELINE = N/A

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

1.500

1.000

1.100

1.000

1.200

1.700

1.600

1.600

1.700

1.700

1.700

1.300

.050

.100

.050

.050

.050

.100

.100

.100

.150

.100

.500

.550

.350

.150

.100

.100

.250

.250

.200

.200

.100

.100

.050

.100

.100

.050

.100

.050

.050

.100

.100

.200

.400

.200

.100

.050

.100

.150

.100

.150

.150

.150

.150

FLD PH (DMNSLESS ) DET'N LIMIT = N/A GUIDELINE = 6.5-8.5(A4)

TABLE 5



RAW

TABLE 5

DRINKING UATER SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM OTTAWA USS (BRITANNIA) 1988


TABLE 5



TREATED SITE 1

STANDING

SITE 2

STANDING

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

33.500

32.500

32.500

17.500

32.000

27.500

24.500

25.000

29.500

36.000

39.000

34.500

2.500

3.500

3.500

2.000 <T

4.000

3.500

3.000

2.000 <T

3.000

4.000

3.000

3.000

4.000

5.000

9.000

2.000 <T

.500

3.000

3.500

3.000

3.000

5.000

2.500

4.000

4.000

TABLE 5



TREATED SITE 1 SITE 2

STANDING FREE FLOW STANDING FREE FLOW

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

34.000

TABLE 5



TABLE 5



TREATED SITE 1

STANDING

SITE 2

STANDING

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

.023

.009

.006

.004 <T

.003 <T

.010

.010

.009

.016

.002 <T

.003 <T

.002 <T

.003 <T

.002 <T

.002 <T

.006

.002 <T

.002 <T

.009

.006

.002 <T

.005

.002 <T

.005

.005

.004 <T

.003 <T

IIS

TABLE 5



RAW

TABLE 5



SITE

RAW TREATED SITE 1 SITE 2

TYPE

STANDING FREE FLOW STANDING

10.580 30.610 27.830

TURBIDITY (FTU

TABLE 5



TREATED SITE 1 SITE 2

STANDING FREE FLOW STANDING FREE FLOW

SILVER (UG/L

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

DET'N LIMIT = .020 GUIDELINE = 50. (A1)

BDL

TABLE 5



TABLE 5



RAW

TABLE 5

DRINKING WATER SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM OTTAWA WSS (8RITANNIA) 1988


TREATED SITE 1

STANDING

SITE 2

TABLE 5



TABLE 5



SITE 1

STANDING

SITE 2

STANDING

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

.050 <T

.050 <T

.110 <T

.080 <T

.110 <T

.080 <T

.040 <T

.030 <T

.040 <T

.040 <T

.040 <T

BDL

.040 <T

BDL

.060 <T

.030 <T

.050 <T

.050 <T

.030 <T

.050 <T

.050 <T

.030 <T

.030 <T

.040 <T

.030 <T

BDL

.040 <T

.060 <T

.040 <T

.050 <T

BDL

BDL

.050 <T

.040 <T

.040 <T

.170 <T

VANADIUM (UG/L DET'N LIMIT = .050 GUIDELINE = 100 (H)

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

.320 <T

.320 <T

.400

.570

.380 <T

.530

.430 <T

.600

.470 <T

.450 <T

.530

.440 <T

.650

.510

.560

.670

.990

1.000

1.000

1.100

1.100

.940

.990

.840

.820

.620

.740

.690

.960

1.100

1.000

1.100

1.100

.980

.990

1.000

.740

.540

.640

.570

.930

1.400

1.400

1.000

1.100

.920

.930

.880

.840

.650

.780

.680

.980

.930

1.200

1.200

1.000

1.100

.970

1.100

.690

.560

.610

.650

.960

.880

1.100

1.100

1.000

1.000

.850

1.000

ZINC (UG/L DET'N LIMIT GUIDELINE = 5000. (A3)

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

3.600

5.200

3.600

4.000

3.800

3.600

3.100

2.300

2.400

3.000

2.700

3.200

3.100

2.800

3.100

3.700

2.500

1.900

2.300

1.500

2.100

2.200

1.900

2.500

3.000

5.800

7.700

22.000

24.000

14.000

14.000

9.400

21.000

25.000

19.000

4.800

2.300

2.500

2.400

3.700

2.800

2.000

2.900

1.800

2.100

1.800

2.700

2.100

17.000

16.000

20.000

16.000

12.000

19.000

15.000

11.000

9.700

15.000

11.000

13.000

2.600

2.900

3.500

3.000

2.500

2.100

2.900

2.900

2.100

2.100

2.400

2.800

TABLE 5



SITE 1

STANDING

SITE 2

STANDING

CHLOROAROMATICS

HEXACHLOR06THANE (NG/L ) DET'N LIMIT = 1.000 GUIDELINE = 1900 (D4)

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

BDL

TABLE 5

DRINKING WATER SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM OTTAUA WSS (BRITANNIA) 1988


SITE 1

STANDING

SITE 2

STANDING

CHLOROPHENOLS

246-TRICHLOROPHENOL (NG/L ) DET'N LIMIT = 50. GUIDELINE = 5000 (B1)

JUN

NOV

BDL

BDL

BDL

80.000 <T

TABLE 5

DRINKING WATER SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM OTTAUA WSS (BRITANNIA) 1988


TREATED SITE 1

STANDING

SITE 2

STANDING

ALPHA BHC (NG/L

JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

PESTICIDES & PCB

BDL

2.000 <T

2.000 <T

2.000 <T

BDL

1.000 <T

BDL

1.000 <T

BDL

BDL

!LA

!QU

TABLE 5

DRINKING WATER SURVEILLANCE PROGRAM OTTAUA USS (BRITANNIA) 1988

UATER TREATMENT PLANT DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

TREATED SITE 1

STANDING

SITE 2

STANDING

TABLE 5



TREATED SITE 1

STANDING

SITE 2

STANDING

TABLE 5



TREATED SITE 1

STANDING

SITE 2

STANDING

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

BDL

BOL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

STYRENE (UG/L DET'N LIMIT GUIDELINE = 46.5 (D2)

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

BDL

.050 <T

.050 <T

.200 <T

.350 <T

.250 <T

.400 <T

.150 <T

.500 <T

.300 <T

.400 <T

.050 <T

.300 <T

.250 <T

.250 <T

.150 <T

CHLOROFORM (UG/L DET'N LIMIT = .100 GUIDELINE = 350 (A1+)

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

!TX

TABLE 5



TREATED SITE 1

STANDING

SITE 2

STANDING

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

.100 <T

BDL

.100 <T

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

.200 <T

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

.200 <T

BDL

BDL

T-CHLOROETHYLENE (UG/L DET'N LIMIT = .050 GUIDELINE = 10.0 <C2)

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

.050 <T

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

!NR

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

.100 <T

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

BDL

.050 <T

BDL

.050 <T

BDL

BDL

TOTL TRIHALOMETHANES (UG/L DET'N LIMIT = .500 GUIDELINE = 350 (A1)

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

!TX

SCAN/PARAMETER

BACTERIOLOGICAL

STANDARD PLATE COUNT MEMBRANE

FILTRATION

P/A BOTTLE

TOTAL COLIFORM MEMBRANE FILTRATION

TOTAL COLIFORM BACKGROUND MF

DETECTION

LIMIT GUIDELINE

CT/ML

CT/100ML

CT/100ML

500/ML(A1)

<A1*)

5/100mL(A1)

N/A

CHLOROAROMATICS

HEXACHLOROBUTADIENE1,2,3-TRICHLOROBENZENE

1 ,2,3,4-TETRACHLOROBENZENE

1,2,3,5-TETRACHLOROBENZENE

1,2,4-TRICHLOROBENZENE

1,2,4,5-TETRACHLOROBENZENE

1,3,5-TRICHLOROBENZENE

HEXACHLOROBENZENE

HEXACHLOROETHANE

OCTACHLOROSTYRENE

PENTACHL0R06ENZENE

2,3,6-TRICHLOROTOLUENE

2,4,5-TRICHLOROTOLUENE2,6,A-TRICHLOROTOLUENE

CHLOROPHENOLS

2,3,4-TRICHLOROPHENOL2,3,4,5-TETRACHLOROPHENOL

2,3,5,6-TETRACHLOROPHENOL

2,4,5-TRICHLOROPHENOL2,4,6-TRICHLOROPHENOLPENTACHLOROPHENOL

NG/L

SCAN/PARAMETER

BERYLLIUM

CADMIUMCOBALT

CHROMIUM

COPPER

IRON

MERCURY

MANGANESE

MOLYBDENUM

NICKEL

LEAD

SELENIUM

SILVER

STRONTIUM

THALLIUM

TITANIUM

URANIUM

VANADIUMZINC

drinking water surveillance program annual report

Documents