Design Challenges with Biobased Plastics Matthijs de Jong Frans Kappen

Matthijs de Jong Frans Kappen

13:00 – 14:00 h

Matthijs de Jong 1. Biobased

2. Plastics 3. Design Challenges with Biobased Plastics 4. Hands on! 5. Key Insights & Next Steps

Boyan Slat

Plastic soup

WillBiobasedPlas-csbethesolu-on?

Biodegradable?No,justafew…

WillBiobasedPlas-csbethesolu-on?

Madeofnaturalrenewablerawmaterials

BIOBASED PLASTICS

Biobased Plas%cs

Biobasedplas%cs

Biobasedyes,Biodegradableyes

(PLA,PHA)

Biobasedyes,Biodegradableno(bio-PE,PA-11)

Biobasedno,Biodegradableyes

(PBAT)

Biobasedno,Biodegradableno

(PET,PVC)

0

100

100

Moreonlogo’s:hDp://www.okcompost.be/nl/home/

Biobased :madeofrenewablerawmaterials

Biodegradable :canbeconsumedbymicroorganisms, eitherspontaneous(decay)orindustrial(compos%ng)

Conten

tofb

iobased

material(%)

Biodegradability(%)

‘Bioplas)cs’:actuallyaratherconfusingword!

Areo5enconsideredtobethesame,butdifferconsiderably

Propertyofarawmaterial

Propertyofaproduct

+ =

BIOBASED PLASTICS

Biobased Plas-cs

BIOBASED PLASTICS Plas%c :Σmonomers =polymer

atT↑↓Thermoplasts :melt-solidifyThermosets :donotmeltElastomers :donotmelt

Applica%onofapureplas%cisratherrareProper%esofaplas%ccanbeimprovedbymixingtheplas%cwith…•  …heterogeneousfillers :‘Composite’•  …otherplas%cs :‘Blend’•  …addi%ves :‘Compound’→Commercialmixture :‘Grade’(ofCompositeand/orBlendand/orCompound)

←PVC→

DESIGN CHALLENGES WITH BIOBASED PLASTICS

UrbanTechnology

April2013–July2015

Incoopera%onwith:

Supportedby:RAAK-mkbsubsidyofNa%onaalRegieorgaanPrak%jkgerichtOnderzoekSIA

Increaseknowledge

DevelopPrac-calTools

Improvecollabora-on

DESIGN CHALLENGES WITH BIOBASED PLASTICS

UrbanTechnology

CHALLENGESFORPRODUCTDESIGNdesirableproductproper-es

WhatshouldIknowaboutprocessing?WheredoIfindinforma)on?

Materialsandprocessingguideline4

materialselec-onandproductdesign

Whataretheenvironmentalimpact,lifecyclecostsandotheradvantages?

Assessingimpactandbenefits2

HowdoIshowthatmyproductismadeofbiobasedplas)cs?

Designtoshowandtell

3

Materialselec-on1

Isthereabiobasedplas)cavailablethatissuitableformyproduct? ?

1.Materialselec%onSelec)ontoolBioplas)cs4U

10Bioplas-cs•  PLA•  PHA•  TPS•  CA•  PA-11•  PEF•  BioPET•  BioPE•  BioPP•  PBAT

11Productproper-es•  %Biobasedmaterial•  Biodegradability•  Heatdeflec%onstability•  Transparency•  Solubility•  Barrierproper%es•  Tenacity•  Elas%city•  Tensilestrength•  Availability•  Materialcosts

Fororienta%ononaspecificapplica%on

Selec%ngoneormorematerialsforfurthertes%ng

2.AssessingimpactandotherbenefitsLCAtoolsandother

EnvironmentalimpactMostLCAs:•  Containfewbiobasedplas%cs•  Sourceunclearornotup-to-date•  Costlyanalysisprocess

Excep%ons:•  EVR:Eco-costs/ValueRa%obyVogtlander

(CA,PHA/PHB,PLA,PTT,TPS)•  LCA2GObyFraunhofer,aimedatSMEs

(PLA,TPS,PHB,bioPET,bioHDPE/LDPE)

Other possible benefits of biobased plastics: •  Lower life cycle costs, esp. in use and waste phase •  Extra features because of unique material characteristics •  New kind of aesthetics, with a unique look & feel •  Green image; customer awareness •  Conformity to (environmental) standards and legislation

3.DesigntoshowandtellLook&Feelofbiobasedplas)cs

Percep-onofbiobasedplas-cs

•  Naturallookaswellashigh-qualityappearance•  Fibrelook•  Even…•  Frosted

•  Newaesthe%csforbiobasedplas%cs•  Imperfectproducts•  Notperfectly

Source:ElvinKarana,DeliUniversity

4.MaterialguidelinesFurtherdirec)onstowardsproduc)on

Productdesignersexperiencedifficul%esin•  findingmaterialinforma%on•  choosingtherightgradesandblends•  findinganexperiencedprocessor•  choosingtherightresearchpartner

DATASHEETS ARE OFTEN INCOMPLETE AND NOT UP-TO-DATE •  % biobased material •  Resemblances to other, better known materials •  …..

Increaseknowledge

DevelopPrac-calTools

Improvecollabora-on

DESIGN CHALLENGES WITH BIOBASED PLASTICS

UrbanTechnology

Downloadfromwww.biobasedplas-cs.nl

Ques-onsdesignershave:

Howrigidisthismaterial?

Isitbiodegradable?Howmuch

doesitcost?

Isthisbiopla

s%capplicabl

eformy

product??

Howhighisthetensilestrength??

Dootherpeoplehaveexperience? Canitwhitstandhighertemperatures?

Iwouldliketoapplyabiobasedplas)c,but……..

Requirements→materialselec-on

DesignbyMariekeHavermans:www.onora.eu

Keyinsights:

NextSteps: