drive session 475 cmg 2003 men are from mars, women are from venus, web services are from betelgeuse...
TRANSCRIPT
drive
Session 475
CMG 2003
MEN ARE FROM MARS, WOMEN ARE FROM VENUS, WEB SERVICES ARE FROM BETELGEUSEDenise P. Kalm,Annie Shum,BMC Software, Inc.
Agenda
› The Problem
› Solutions from the Past
› Web Services and SOA – The Future
› Real Life Success Stories
› Challenges
› Summary
The Problem
How (most) Men & Women See the World
Source: Deborah Tannen
How Do You Make This Work?
The wish list …
To link to any organization, anywhere in the world but with standard connection interfaces to the network
To communicate with all business partners with just one set of protocols, documents and business processes
To communicate responsively, reliably, securely, and without concern for scalability: 24x7
To use the same technology to communicate within the organization as is used externally
To loosely couple organizations so that they don’t need to know the internals of one another’s business processes or technologies
To be able to reuse data and services/processes to reduce cost To be able to change services + components or swap out one for another
without breaking anything Last But Not least: To make money by providing data and services to others
over the network. Doug Kaye, IT Strategy, 2003
“Solutions” From the Past
History Flashback
’83 – EDI – complex, requires private networks RPC developed for interoperability ’84-’00 – COM, DCOM, CORBA/IIOP, Java RMI,
ORB vie for industry seal of approval
All fell short of boundary-less interoperability – platform and language specific, typically tightly coupled and fine grained
New Beginnings
’91 – CERN created HTML (from GML) – next up XML ’98 – MS put XML-tagged RPCs into documents, using http (SOAP) ’00 – IBM, MS + others defined WSDL and UDDI standards –
• the standards based underpinnings of Web ServicesXMLSOAPWSDLUDDI
Distributed Computing At a Glance
WSWS
WS WS
WSWS
WS Hub
Web Services and SOAThe Future
Web Services “Executive” Summary
Web Services is an emerging technology driven by the will to securely expose business logic beyond the firewall.
Through Web services companies can encapsulate existing business processes, publish them as services, search for and subscribe to other services, and exchange information throughout and beyond the enterprise.
Web services will enable application-to-application e-marketplace interaction, reducing the inefficiencies of human intervention.
Web Services Key Benefits
Software as a Service Dynamic Business Interoperability Accessibility Efficiencies Universally Agreed Specifications New Market Opportunities Legacy Integration
exposing mainframe functionality as ready-to-use enterprise Web services
A new generation of Legacy applications
In today's world of modern computing, there are more transactions processed by IBM CICS and IMS than by the Internet in its entirety.
Enterprise organizations leverage CICS and IMS to process more than 80 billion transactions or $3.5 trillion worth of business every day
The 3 basic conceptual roles & operations of SOA: Service Oriented Architecture
Service BrokerService Broker
Service ConsumerService Consumer Service ProviderService Provider
Client Service
Bind/Interact
FindPublish/Register
ServiceDescription
“Discovery Agency”
Loosely Coupled Loosely Coupled
application software topology in loosely-coupled one-to-one relationships
The SOA conceptual architecture of Web Services with XML, SOAP, WSDL & UDDI
Service BrokerService Broker
Service ConsumerService Consumer Service ProviderService Provider
Client ServiceXML
UDDI InquiryFind (xyz) UDDI Publish
Save (xyz)
UDDI PublishSave (xyz)
SOAP
WSDL
SOAP for Messaging SOAP for Messaging
WSDL for description
WSDL for description
UDDI for Discovery UDDI for Discovery
Source: Computerworld
Alien Communication
ESPERANTO
GRAY-LISH EVIL ALIEN
RCA Jack – Web Services for Your Stereo
The Telephone Book of Web Services
UDDI – each entry is an XML file
Card authorization – scan lost/stolen cards and authorize
Credit approval – calls Equifax and verifies credit
Green Pages – describe the service itself
White Pages – describe the company offering the service
Yellow Pages – Describe the categories
Web Services Goal
“To start a car, you don’t need to know how an internal combustion engine works or even how the starter motor works. You only need to know how to use the interface that the car supplies to start it:
Turn the key”- Anne Thomas Manes
Web Services and SOA
A web-services-based SOA is both a process and a set of protocols designed to connect disparate applications.
Coupling Options
“Web services are about interoperability – a subset of integration. They will do for application connectivitywhat TCP/IP did for networks” – Andy Astor, WebMethods
Non-SAPApplication
orBusiness
App
Application
Developer
Insulated from low-level integration complexities
“Process Sales Order”
“Done”
SOAP
WSDL
SQL
BusinessObjects
RFC’s
Insulation Layer
Web Services
Web Services - Inside the numbers
According to BusinessWeek, IBM has over 1,000 employees working on technologies related to Web services. IDC expects the total IT opportunity around Web services in, including hardware, software and services, to grow from •Western Europe: $108 million in 2002 to $7.8 billion in
2007, a compounded annual growth rate (CAGR) of 135%.
•North America: to $21.0 billion by 2007 with an average annual CAGR of 94% among all segments.
By 2004, 40% of financial services transactions will leverage Web services models, with 35% of online government services delivered as Web services. (Gartner)
The Real-Life Success Stories
Mainframe Web Services – A new generation of legacy app
In today’s world of modern computing, there are more transactions processed by IBM CICS and IMS than by the Internet in its entirety. Enterprise organizations leverage CICS and IMS to process more than 80 billion transactions or $3.5 trillion worth of business every day Quickly expose mainframe functionality as ready-to-use enterprise Web services Example: Merrill Lynch’s X4ML
X4ML: Merrill Lynch Example
Name and Address Interface (NAINTER)› z/OS CICS app for managing account information
› Key business rules/functions are embedded in the code
X4ML exposes these rules & processes as Web Services› Provides SOAP support for NAINTER
› No need to change legacy code in NAINTER
› Developed to facilitate EAI project Cost saving – estimate = $800K & actual cost= $30K
Online App for Merrill Lynch brokers
Online App for Merrill Lynch brokers
Legacy App NAINTER
Legacy CICS Legacy CICS
Dollar Rent A Car - Challenge
Expose mainframe-based reservation system (Quick Keys) for access by other business partners
Solutions that didn’t work:- direct connection to mainframe (EDI) – didn’t work- CORBA/IIOP – cost & security issues, lack of experience- Java RMI – didn’t know Java – complex- DCOM – Windows-based; not all partners run Windows- Socket programming – long development cycle – no potential for re-use
Dollar Rent A Car - Solution
Partner
Dollar
Dollar
Dollar
XML Web Services
SOAP Processor
Quick Keys
ACMS
Win 2K VMS
Dollar Rent A Car - Success
Cost effective links to new partners, gaining millions of rate requests and thousands of new reservations Reduced dependency on for-fee referrals Reuse of interface (four times so far) – minimal effort required
Legacy Design
Adaptor Model
Gateway Model
What do these disparate companies have in common?
The Challenges
Web Services : Lessons Learned 1
Wells Fargo:› "We make the technology and the business people sit together
so they understand one another before we begin," he says.
"That's the most important thing you can do. You need the business people to 'get' IT, and the IT people to 'get' business." – Steve Ellis, exec VP
The National Student Clearinghouse (NSC):
› "What surprised me the most is that there really haven't been
technical issues -- the technology itself is almost trivial. Most important is to make sure that the business model is right -- make clear why you should do this with a trading partner, and calculate your ROI ahead of time.” - Mark Jones, VP
Web Services : Lessons Learned 2
Things Remembered Inc., the largest personalized gift retailer in the U.S ( about 760 retail stores)
› “The key to developing a Web services application is to make whatever you build reusable, so that you can plug it in for other purposes. We built ours with that mind-set, and it's paying off." - Mark Fodor, director of e-business
The major missing pieces
Business SemanticsSecurity/IdentityTransactional IntegrityReliable Asynchronous Message HandlingOrchestration & ChoreographySingle Sign On OoSContracts and NegotiationsBilling & Accounting Services: Metering & ChargebackStandardization of Business ModelsIntermediaries and Transformation ServicesOperational Infrastructure
Mind the SOAP Overhead
The reality = another layer on top of the infrastructure that already exists. Particularly true in the Java environment, where there are so many layer mappings - from UML, to relational, from XML to objects and back again, and XML to code.
Strategic Tips for service design
Design services to be sharedServices have a clear purpose Services are discoverable and support introspection. Services plug into a SOA. Services can be loosely orchestrated and use other services whenever possible for common tasks. A service has a well-defined use policy/contract. Services accept well-defined input and deliver well-defined output. Services do not have hidden side effects (play well with others). Services are interfaces to or from processes. Services must provide visibility and an SLA.
Major roadblocks to full-scale Adoption
First roadblocks:› Identity/Security› Web services management
Next roadblocks:› Transactions/Rollback › Registry solutions› Web Services orchestration and workflow solutions › SLAs, QoS, QoB, Contracts, Metering/Chargeback
For large scale B2B and collaborative commerce: › Web Services standards and infrastructure must
be supplemented with trading agreements and non-repudiation
SOM: Service Oriented Management
New management challenges for Web Services based SOA › A catalyst for a paradigm change from
tightly coupled to loosely coupled app From: Point-to-point integration + All tiers
are well known and defined in advance To: Services can be dynamically
discovered and different for each transaction
SOM for Web Services solutions› Bridge the gap between the underlying
systems and the Services that run on top of them
Just the Tip of the Iceberg
Management
Orchestration/Workflow
SOAP
WSDL XML
Transactional Integrity
Security
Business Process Modeling
Data Transformation
Today’s View Falls Short of What’s Required for Mission-
Critical Business
Today’s View Falls Short of What’s Required for Mission-
Critical Business
Source: WebMethods
“Two things are clear - first Web Services are far from mature by any measure, and second we have a long way to run before we reach anything like maturity.”
David Sprott, May 2003
“Two things are clear - first Web Services are far from mature by any measure, and second we have a long way to run before we reach anything like maturity.”
David Sprott, May 2003
Industry Co-opetition(Hope for the Future?)
Microsoft and IBM joined forces on Web Services
Jointly developed specifications were demonstrated (9/17/03) with an EDI-like application. The 2 companies linked
a manufacturer (using Linux), a car dealer (using Websphere) and a 3rd party supplied (using Linux-based wireless).
Complex, secure transactions between multiple business partners
Co-opetition – combination of cooperation and competition
Behind the scenes was a high-tech cocktail of IBM's DB2 and WebSphere and Microsoft's SQL Server and .Net. The auto dealer was notified upon logging on of a windshield wiper shortage. The crowd followed as the dealer proceeded to place an order with the supplier, who in turn placed an order with the manufacturer.The underpinnings of the demonstration were actual Web services applications, developed with specs such as WS-Coordination (Web Services Coordination) and WS-AtomicTransactions, WS-Federation and WS-Reliable Messaging
Bill Gates left no room for doubt: "Web services are important to the
foundation of the Internet, enabling e-commerce to become a reality."
Steve Mills, IBM Software Group’s senior vice president and general manager :
“We're not declaring victory, but we’re showing people the goal line.”
Web Services – An Unstoppable Force
THE GLASS HOUSE
